Académique Documents
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e
SIGHTINGS OF "UNEXPLAINED" AERIAL ACTIVITY REPORTED TO THE MOD
FOR NOVEMBER 1995 (AS AT 15 NOV)
DATE LOCATION
02/11/95 CHELMSFORD, ESSEX
03/11/95 WARLEY, BIRMINGHAM
03/11/95 STOKE
04/11/95 KINCARDINE, SCOTLAND
04/11/95 KINCARDINE, SCOTLAND
04/11/95 BRUNDLE, NORFOLK
05/11/95 CREWE, CHESHIRE
05/11/95 CREDI TON , DEVON
05/11/95 POLBETH, EDINBURGH
06/11/95 KIRK SANDALL, DONCASTER
08/11/95 EAST KILBRIDE, NR GLASGOW
08/11/95 NOTTON, WEST YO~SHIRE
12/11/95 CREWE
13/11/95 HEATHFIELD, SUSSEX
e - 2 -
He was President of the United States of America and had to get back.
He and King George VI thought I was special, and trusted me with
military information even. He warned me of what would come, and
trusted in my instincts on how to play it.
I deduce now that his father was the man killed by the snake,
and I think he was OVERTON, the officer who had been turning up
at the school for Corps days, and who had first taken me to see
Ike on the day I went with him in the tunnels. That means Clinton
was English until the age of about ten, when he lost his dad,
and the Commander of the U.S.Base took the place of his father.
Bill Clinton’s name was OVERTON.
~ ~ ..
e
NUMBERS OF UNEXPLAINED AERIAL SIGijTINGS REPORTED
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
e
NUMBERS OF UNEXPLAI.ED AERIAL SIGHTINGS REPORTED
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
x !’J:;w Jlf..,
(.;. ;’’’Wft
..
. e
.
e
GEOGRAPHICAL
DISTRIBUTION OF
UNEXPLAINED AERIAL
SIGHTINGS REPORTED
TO THE MINISTRY OF
DEFENCE IN 1994
’. - TOTAL = 250 reports
x hwc.:I/t.,
(,; ,f,’WK
1
. ..,
e
NUMBERS OF UNEXPLAINED AERIAL SIGHTINGS REPORTED
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
1994 - 250
l.magl.nary.
In
admittedly
......
heads rather than in the
rld. Thougb this)e~~lanationrequired
h,j.ld~~’.,}.X’1d
patients th1s<waY;
I mustll.\ention an error.intp\i
the
complex pla ethan previo\lsly!Jltagine.(1, on was a steamier and more
I?rea~he easier; in est and the sexual abuseanother level we could all
of children was largely
-
of’l~.?!), Freud described his view of his
i~h.X’.fell
might well ave’,ha fatal conseqlJen esfoJ:’ thefor a while and which
Under the
time’ [hypnosis],
inf.1.uenc
of thetechnic l procedure which whole of my work.
e ma jority of J’lY patients reproduced I used at that
from their
childhood scenes i which tbey we;r-e<se.xually
seduced
person..~Ibelieve thesestories,an .consequently supposed that by some;grown-up
had discovered the roots of the subsequent. I
was strengthened by a few cases in which neurosis. .My confidenc.e .
relations of this kind with
a father, uncle or elder brotherh.ad cont1nued
memory was to be t sted. If the..reader . up to an age at which
head at my creduli y, I cannot altogether blameinclined to shake his
.ff!els
him..."
Freud was obviousl deeply embarrasseCiif.’t having
that chiIdhood sex al abuse might be... ;relatively. temporarily believed
nineteenth century Viennese familj,f!s.~.. We know, common in repressed
.
he stated. We know
present time and u doubtedly wereand SeX\lal abuse are common at the
common then, when Freud decided that
these traumatic ac ounts were mere fantasies.
problems many of h’s patients faced. were more The Psychological
real events rather than artifacts ofw1shful, likely the result of
fantasies. Freud, it must always be remembered, self-generated
was a
a theoretical, ana ytical thinker,
theories led. him t discount automat not an1nvestigator. therapist Since his
and
molestationmemori s, he apparentl,..made.no ca.Jdly.a patient’s sexual
effort to examine the
possible objective realityofthes icl~;ims.
visited the,patien ’s house to con(iuct,’interviews Naturally he never
of the family, nor ould he.attempt.tinan~ with other members
patient mic,Jhthave actually been tbevictl.lI.\ of way to ascerta,in if.his
was a physlcian, a ealer, not a (ietective, and adult depradations. He
began and en(ied inside the..patient~$damaged for him the problems
, psyche.
It has only been. in the last few decad,esthat
have -
unlike Freud -
social workers.’" soc’ologists andoth.
e. 1:"\;’lI.\en.,.
actuallYbegunt()investigate
reality of these re rts. They have come..to the
tal
trained psychiatric
health professionals
the event-level
childhood’ sexual.. mo estation, seduetion’,and. conclusion that
real world, and pro bly alwaYS.have, en. abuse are rampant in the
ps:ychoanalystsand riters suchas’Jeffrey Masson, Furthermore, contemporary
Trl.bich and others aye attacked.Fre\1d’sposition that Milton Klein, Davl.d
the neurotic
problems her’wastre ting hadtheirsol~ ’O~igin inside the heads of his
patients, that they were due to "<ie"~~c)~D1ental,mechanisms"
not the result of,r al events. ’MassonJ,npartlcular
claims
and were
that
Freud’s theory that his patients were merely
fantasizing such
L\
, .’ II
Ie
childhood traumas in effect’bl m sth~victim and often deepens a
paral’1.elway, UFO abductions are
(In ~a
sufferer’s \P1;’()1;>~ems. if’
actually t~k,.ipg"place as event"’~ vel~occurrences/’labellinc]
the:tr
them as
fantasiesisi~ensely.destruct:J;ve:t:.Qthose who suffer
after-affects)..’ The more inves’tigators have raised valid questions
about Freud’s monolithic theories, the more the number of strict
Freudian~AaJ;ysts has
event-level problem solv:tnq,
sh;-\1nk.
,Pthe:r;:ther~pies,
’are clearly :tn
more oriented to real,
ascendence. "
4 . Was th~incident
i toccurred?’
. ’ _.
,
"
",
with family and/or friends at the time
t
’
,. , ’
,’,
,
"
"
UFO abduction research, thousands of
me to report thei experiences p ople have called or written to
data pool is exte sive.4 in detail, and consequently my personal
:eecaus...... e .tb.e. preliminary questions I’ve
outlined are so v ry important,’ .
be
sJ?ent aqreat deal of time
my opinion each eventually
truthful accounts of UFO
abductionexperie Ces.
content, date, lq ation andThe info~~tiqp
numberof _
each contains- apparent
witnesses
complex cirC:um~ta ces which any!theory’ofUFO illustrates the
satisfactox-ily, ad ress at the out~~t..:I abduction reports must
ask you, the reader, to
consider t1’).~qeta
Is of each of these reports
issue:do,tbey se m to be real~worlde;\1ents, in the light of single
wishful fantasy? ’". ’.or theproduc.t ofa simple,
1. AyoUI1g Dl. :cri d Couple is
Jersey shore in e summer of driV’~n$l
C)me from a weekend at the
lQ74...~tj.s
cax-. -
clear, sunny day. In what is perceived
instant, i.t is pi ch dark niqht<-~.J1athey
silent ., The engine is not
automobile is in he middle of
by
X"\.1nn.ip9,no
late Sunday afternoon on a
both
are
as the very next
sitting in their
lights are on, and their
are terrified, 10 t and unbelieving.a.fielc:i.rather
,. than on a road. They
obviously pas.sed. The Many unremembered hours have
husband.s’ta,r:tis’t.h~car
field for several minutes before he and they bounce over the
locates a dirt road and begins to
find his way home. In the next few months there
panic attacks whi h affect the husband ensues a series of
he nor his wife t inks particularly
for a moment about UFO abductions; deeply. Neither
read about such p enomena, and, sinc no UFO sighting is involved, neither had
would not conside their experiencetq
field -
will not be until ar1y 1988
that the w man in this example
had written for.. . magazineang.
.be related in any case. It
-four1;eenyears after the event in the
encountered a questionaire
begart .to sUspect that there mightI be
a connection betwe nthemi$sing,t;.il1).e.incident
odd events in her ife. As a in the field and other
resultof.these
contacted me and t e investigation.~gan. suspicions she finally
.,:
2. About 00.P..,tn. one evening.in the winter
watching the TVne s . Her two .’Y()1JJ’}9~ of 1968, Mrs. R is
sons are cl~aring he dinner
and her old stson has just gi~b.~s.,.M:J,:’s.
driven9t+,.with
l1ghters and one of her teenage
R’s baby is in his crib,
Christmas sbqpPing
change; an qdd fac SuddenlY’t,.b.e,
;Y’Q;ce
appears,arIg.,~~~,~~comes
,iiind
his 9Tandfather to go
the ~mage on the TV screen
her daughte:r$ .’s~ns
s her JQother’f;’f~at,and becomes frightened. One of
because her mother seems
be the nextinstan Mrs. Rtransfix~g
living room, and is later found
iShe
.
at the baqk,of the house. The. teeniii,g rd~c:::reaming - even more
.’un le to move. In what seems afraid
but from her bedroomto
sqn has disappeared from the
though he.goef;, not remember ~s
hid1n.CJ..inacloset in his bedroom,
~
the family, car. pul s into the what.he hiding from. Simultaneously,
seems the oldest drivew~YLto
and his grandfiiit erhave those inside the house it
minutes afterthei y 7:00 o’clock.geJ;>arture, returned
that it is now aft r 9:00 p.m... and yet theapparently
clock shows
only
the house vibrates as if a jetpl eJ1ormous noise begins suddenly and
neis,about to crash intQ it,
I)
-
sending everyonE? into deeper ;paniG,.’ One of the.
looks O.ut theW1ndowand
}?ointing up at something
1S his grandfather-standing
sees her
abov~
the
ne~t
brother
h. us,e. He
terrif~,ed
stand1ng
is
bes1de
.unmoving,
daughters
the car,
rigid, as
,to him. The noise abat~s and moments
later the br()ther bursts into the room with a description of a huge
UFO. which had Qeen hovering dire tlY over the house, and of his
.’
.
4. On’ a v.erycQ,ld and snowywin~er ay in 1979, a fourteen-year-old
girl gOE?s,for,a ride on her snowmobi:te. She recalls heading into a .
level fJ.eldi but. then her memory fades. "About an hour later a
neighbor passing by sees herst~ndingabout thirty feet away from her
snowmobile which is now lyingonits’side. He approacheS-her,
if sheneedshcalp. She is clearly dazed and frightened, and the
as~ing
neighbOr also notices that she ,is ’not wearing a coat~, Moments later
he finds l1ergloves, coatandscarfn~atlyfolded’next, to the,
neighbordri:veshet ~om~
overturned vehicle. She does: notrem mber what happened. ,The
and her;$;tep...father, a surgeon , .examines her
carefully forra11Y J.nJurJ.es, partJ.cularlyto the head. ,He finds
nothing -;110 mark orsiqnofan,aCc;ldent., or even al’lY trace of
hypothermia. ,CAT-scans follow" ’as’well as several other neurological
lit-
tests, all.. neqativ. Equally.pe:rplex;lng, nothing turns up in the
flat, level f1.eld hichcouldhave<caused the normally stable
snowmobile to fall onto its side ""n,oskid marks ,no hidden wires,
holes, rocks, etc. The girl recover~quickly, but begins to suffer
from a recurring n’ghtmare,inwhich~she,finds herself standing
immobile beside’th overturned
figures approach.
veb.i<.:le
-
as. a group of small, shadowy
without even think ng that they should report the accident.. (They
assume it must hav just occurred.) The young women arrive home
inexplicably late, musing on the oddness of the scene they had passed
and their qncharac eristic indifference to the plight of any possibly
injured people. E entually the young woman reads Intruders and writes
to me about her sn wmobile accident and. subsequent dreams; it will be
many months before she mentions the odd six-car pile-up witnessed by
her friend as well as herself. Neither young woman, nor anyone in
either family, ini ially think ofeith rof these events as connected
in any way with th UFO phenomenon.
5. In Aprilbf19 1, a young secondtlieutenant is driving from New
Jersey to.Fort Jac son, S.C.. Somewhere in North Carolina he realizes
that he has only a ut 1/4 tank of gas, and resolves to stop for fuel
in the next town. He slows to a stop as someone he assumes is a
isinst:r-ucted to turn left and detour
policeman flags hi down; he
lane his car light go out and. the’motor’dies
on its own to move forward and to};,ise. in the
-
down a dirt road. He obeys,andas~hedrives down the narrow, dark
yet his car continues
air. The terrified
officer begins to ray, and,in what.Jheperceives as an instant later
he awakens in ’amo el room, lyimrfully-clothed on top of the bed. He
rushes down to the front desk andftndsthat the motel is just outside
the qateto,fortJ ckson. Completelyr:bewildered, he goes to the
park1.nglotand:,lo ates hlscar,!whit::hjhe discovers, still shows 1/4
of a tank on the 9 s gauge, and about the same mileage reading as he
saw the nightbefo e on the odometer. The officer decides he must
have been drugged y the military in some kind of esoteric training
experiment, and th t his car was shipped down to its present location
-
on a flat bedtr,uc. For this reason he tells no one except his wife
about this "impossible" military exercise a theory he abandons
reluctantly after eeks of cons1.deration. It will be another twenty
.
years before .he associates this experience with the UFO phenomenon; he
hears a radio pro ram on which periods of missing time are being
discussed. and con acts me.
.’
a4
II.
I
her off wi’t1i’n b.em. Thechild’~.p~h~r,:uninformedabout the UFO
abduction ph menon, tries to "a.ssllre’ er daughter that she was only
,
"
subject. Thus,ny theory of the UFO abduction phenomenon must deal
with the fa.ctth t these report$ (among.thousands
~riorto an.
1ts sequence.o’f
Y.. g.
en ral. Public. knC:>W.l...
-
. 9..e..
of
of others) arose
the" abduction scenario and
absolutely clear, all five
to other people
attheti.~theyfirst
books and TV
programs. As. we haveseen,theperpJ.exingincidents which
. make up
these reportsar physical;. they deal with the hard-edged kingdom
objects and site, not the misty land of inward musing and fantasy.of
All five casesd scribe genuine trauma, confusion, clear cut
of missingtim , and "impossible" di$l?cationsexperienced periods
by the
witnesses.i’(Sim’lar accounts of vehicular dislocation, it should
be
mentioned, do no occur in’movies and books until decades after these
witnesses first eported them). . Anyone wishing to theorize about
UFO abduction ph nomenon as fact or fantasy must begin with an the
explanation of t e details contained these initial reports. i,n
,
Obviously, an1 eory of UFO abductions must satisfactorily
for the mater1al I have elucidated ~ust
account
or be discarded. For the
record it shpuld be ment10ned that hypnosis was eventually used in my
-
five sample case to help the witnesses recall the
~rtions
1ncluded or re aIled- -
unremembered
of theiencounters, and to explore other UFO incidents not
in their initial reports. From the outset
and throughout eir investigation,t:ese
the patterns pre ent in hundreds of othersfive
I’ve
cases have conformed to
explored; they are in
no way remarkabl .
Having estab~isb the. initial requ~rements for theorizing about the
nature: of theLUF abduction, phenomenon" ’let us
of evidence"wh4,ch support the,..lteast~(torturous, now consider the types
least convoluted
explanationc:of,;::t se reports. :c’1’hatrds,r,of course, the
actually’
On Jan.
~s3~ a~}1$t.r
thousands.Of~’crediblepe?plei,aE!e>stm
".> .. F.-if
’,’
ight line ’ ’"
1. EYEWIIl’NES5.:Iq’ES ’IMONY..OF.AN OBSERVED ABDUCTION
1979, ’na
what
idea that these
~
aqtually
happened, to;’them:.. Somet1mes the shortest d1stance between.two
points
C;irivin91 h~ .~l:fi>~m
Cardenas;’a.’mal:e riend andtbe:mafi~’swife and teenage daughter were
a trip tosome:.la,cal’
1nexpl1cably,’stop ed,Card nas"and.l:te’dr1ver stepped
hood to-chec:kthe battery cables.. Allcf ur saw a blinding
7 When their car,
out to 11ft the
fa~s.
d?wn in fi:~~t:.o" em" accom);> fi*ed’;bl~,a"buzzing sound. ardenas
11ftedupand-Qut OfS1ght as the twc"female passengers 1nthe back
light shoot
was
seat of the’’car s reamed..in.ter]:"oJrj,’LA’I’1;lethree
reportedt1’ie:a~1;1 tiontoth~
later ,cardel’l s.w s founddazed’,i nd’ Qnfused some hour :~’"R()ughly an : c)~ic
stunned survivors
and a half
froIn thepl~ce’-’h
hospitali:i~
;
<’
rehe had,ben’<l<~ft <iup into the sky. He
’:wit: physical’
lC:"’".:t <~ .[’~ . --
’:’,;-
;.}t":’::1-’.", ;~"
’ ’
L
~yJj:tpt9mS
,<.s~milar
J {.;:’~.:
to
sixteen
those
miles away
reported
was
since in
:,,,.(
I~
\_ ..:.,i, ~,
t- t ~.
f"i
I
}i’
<-
:
,,_.;":
’.. (~.
",’
1 ~ -.’-. "
",’ ’. \.
necessary to. make sure potential witnesses to an abduction do not
e
interfere with th ir operations. So, despite the importance of the
witness’s observa ion of an "alien"fiqure in this case, it is almost
as si9nificant th t a mature physiciah,.thoroughly trained in
psych~atry, perso ally experienced.the efficacfof apparentlf
external,. anoma10 s control over his own react~ons and behav~or.9
~
-
<.:’ ;. i’ _
s;
t~o .,.
theiw tnesses!qlde$criptions corrobrateone
another,;c’il’bilii>>o! true"evem,whenc’bheji:nc dents are investiga,ted
.
~"
<~,,-,::’,.
"<j;< ’)
;1
VI
~1J~
,: "
< .
.
,’"
public.
provide
<,
Thisii:.,s;:..indeed ur
evidenc~<that und ni
fo~’t.\).I\~"~?b~~q..t1se
~].~’p’:t:a,.p~.$.
<,
C’ _- _
cc:>rroborating
"
such indica1;i911::;
,- ~-
. that they’ve
’,’;’ \ . ~ outside beeI’1li~~+ally
houses. the.i~
;/ ,- ..’, - ,
~
4. Are thereOt.h r!extensivecat~CJqJ:’ie~
experience~,.~te::pny~ica1ly~re
elaborate ....t1~9g?,\:’’:Xe~,
<
~; ’,’.-
l,:;
, ..
b1.lt:.:wQ~
bf evidence suggesting these
unf9rt~atel~,~~~J{~riy.
h space does not
".-.,, t<, ~;’" >’ ’.’i "NA_ _.
allow us to
NOTES: \ :j
1. Th UFo:tal?4uc:tion liter t\1r~i,,1;1c19~~!:;l1any carefully investigated
cas~sfron.t,:~uph wi<:\ely sepatat.’ed"~~~c:es as Italy, Pue~o Rico, the
sovJ.et: ~n:(:) ,’B.razJ.l
abduct pnpas,;es
and<?r~atB;-J.~a1J:1: In three partJ.cular
.::;Jt~;i~(lr1:ty,of these, re~orts.ofcan be
the,surprJ.$J.t;19,
seen,forex mple, J.n theprecJ.seJ:7;r"’matchJ.ng descrJ.ptJ.ons
their,!~ T d1,h9’ g~ar, the posi~iC)n:()~.thE!ir doors and ramp~, and the
landed’UF’Os"heights anddi~met:.ers,’the arrangement and type of
10catJ.onof..theJ.r ,externallxghts ."~"’One of these abductJ.ons took ,.
.
place on the island of Marth ’s’Vineyard, one in Mindalore,
South Africa, and the third in Indianapolis, Indiana.
1.0
- NUMBERS OF UNEXPLAINED AERIAL SIGHTINGS REPORTED
1959
1960
1961
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
-
-
-
22
31
71
1976
1977
1978
-
-
-
200
435
750
1993 - 258
1994 - 250
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F(EPOET ~G SI(~1’1
--------------------------.-------
ROM R.A,F. WADIJINGTON~
{ 28 h APPROXIMATELY 11. 0 PM
----------~--------------_._-
A BRIGHT YELLOW BALL DESCRIBED MA(~NITtJDE AS BIG AS A STAR, WITH A THUNDERY
~rC,1"
[Q NALLY WITNESSED BY THREE PERSONS.
SIGHTING TRAVELLED WEST TO EAST MAINTAINING CONSTANT HEIGHT,AT
APPROXIMATELY 100 FEET ABOVE THE MONKSECAI) FLATS IN THE DIHECTION OF THE
COUNTY HOSPITAL FROM THE CATHEDRAL, ABOUT ONE KILE FROM THE AREA. ~fm~KSROAD
POLICE CONTROL AT J’mTTLEHAK SAY THE EVENT WAS WITJ’mSSED BY SEVERAL
OFFICERS.
WADDINGTON A. T. c+ F~EP{JHTSA CLEAR ::;ZY’ wITH Nt] STOPffi;:~::, THAT
THE THUliDERY l~OISE T OC:C:ln\’~{i) \tilTH SI’U’ETI1~-G.
;""(-’;-7-: 1-,
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)<- ;e) F. UR’’O IN(~AJ
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,
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.
e HOWARD is there, but he might first be thinking of HARDY, Nelson’s friend,
’How very English!"
Take HARDY, GEORGE and LEVENTIS out of I’MALLRIGHTHOW’SYOURSELF, and see
if it gives you another name.
What name is MLHAAUSA, it has much of MICHAEL in it, take Michael from it.
M L H A A USA
M L H A ICE
I from S is J, is I + A
M I H A L ACE
M I C H A L A E
M I C H A E L A
So, Michael Hardy is a coded form of George Leventis (but for an ’A’).
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.. .., .
1159 28 APRIL 1995
~JJ/J11
Low-flying Milittlry Aircraft u
Low-t1ying Military Aircraft interview Mr. Cliff Garnett of Gisbum
Motion 11fDde. and Question proposed. That this House Barnoldswick and Duncan Smith, a
do now adjoum.-[Dr. Limn Fox.l Craven Herald and Pioneer, who reporter on
Earby. happens to live
2.36 pm Duncan Smith saw me jets at first hand, aDd
~cribed
~
Mr. GordOD PreDtice (pendle): I welcome the the experi nce for
opportunity to raise in this short debate a matter of great following terms:
concern to my constituents-law-flying military aircraft. "I was just leaving the house to take my dog for a’Walt wIleD
heard tit: first formation approaching
Iwant to talk specifically about the Tornado, one of the and
did seem very low,very fast and very loud.as they came ovet
three fast jets flown by the Royal Air Force. house roof to see if the tiles were still on! I certainly
In one way or another, my constituents have long been But the second formation took me
:’. .
associated with aviation. Tornado aircraft parts are then I was Dear the Station completely
and directly underbythesurprise. It
manufactured in Pendle, and Rolls-Royce makes The first I mew was whenHotel the lead jet Soared above fIiI:bt
aeroplane’engines in Bamoldswick in my constituency. noise. was ilKmfiblc. It felt like being inside an explosion,aDd
Aviation is part and parcel of the region, but so too, volley of caDDon fire exploding right above my head.
unfortunately, is low flying. I pay tribute to the courage Before I mew it, I was virtually crouching on the
me.
ground,having
.
like
and skill of our pilots. So far as I have any criticism, it is instinctively ducked la\\’, and my hean was pounding. dog was
..... not primarily directed at them. irantically pulling at th: lead, obviously very scared. I My watched
-
". :~
".
,
remaining
Let me make my posicion clear at the outset Low flying noise. jets fly ave:, still ducking instinctively each tim: at
,
:/
,
’
should not be allowed over built-up_areas. I do not include I woul ’t like to sa~’ how low they were, but I have
here tiny hamlets. Low flying er towns and other th:m that low before and,having
populated areas should generally be prohibited. The to pull up to clear Earb~’ moor.
never mQW’ll
passed over the town, they seemccl
r
:1.1
I
,,’
Minister of State for the Anned Forces told me, last
Were generally those with 10,000 or more inhabitants, and
that all other populated areas were to be avoided by
With hin ght it was quite exciting. But in all
month I think, that towns listed for low level avoidance b=n elderl)’, of a nervous disposition or with
not be here now to writ: this."
A thousand questions spring to mind after
a weak
honesty, if I’d
hean I might
I
j military aircraft wherever possible. account ’What about safety? Do We need lowreading that
That is not g a’e ugh. In my constituency,-thnwo what is its purpose in me post-cold war world? flying, and
business of low flying is phenomenally expensive. It cost The whole
towns most affected are Bamoldswick, which has a
,’f r
population ofjust over 10,000, and Earby, which is half ::177,000 for those eight Tornados to come here from
H that size. My constituents in Barby probably see one or their base in Germany. The local paper cmied the
two aircraft a week flying overhead. Other villages such h:adline:
.:t
as Foulridge, just outside CoIne, are also affected from "::117~for night out in West Craven".
time to time, but the incident that overshadowed all others and described that sum as "staggering".
,~ : ~
, ,
happened on 30 January this year, when eight Tornadoes I hope that the Minister dOes not bridle too much if I
from RAP Bruggen in Germany flew very low over mention that, while that overflight took
Bamoldswick and Earby. was raging on the ground about cuts toplace, a debate
I, .
or,
That incident was widely reported in the local press. budget and how they will affect West Craventhe education
One of my constituents, Mr. Paul Howarth, of Alma in Bamoldswick. That ::117,000
would be
high school
an absolute
.-’ ’
,
~
1;
.j avenue, Foulridge wrote to the Barnoldswick and Earb)’ godsend to that school. People
Tzmes to say:
RAF Tornados flew over during recent low flying night exercises.
Mr. Pendle’s Diary"-
make such connections.
No one would want the country to be left without air
"Living in FouJridge, I was one of the residents whose houses the defences,
If.
but is all low flying necessary? it is absolutely
necessary, why are people not warned beforehand? The
,
;: 1:.,’I~r an editorial or comment column in the local newspaper- provide Minister has told
prior
me. that it would be impracticable to
"suggests that this must have been a tc:nifying experience for me notice of all low-level,sorties to Members
I
.4f
and that I have a right to know who chose the route for the planes
of Parliament, but surely a flight of eight Tornados is
I, :1 worthy of a brief note to me.
to fly on. On these two points I must disagree with Mr. Pendle. No.
;:1’, I did not find it a terrifying experience-not in ’the least-and My constituents also want to know why we do not use
1./~
secondly, I do not accept that I have a right to know who planned other, less densely populated countries for low
tit: route. it is needed. Why do we not make more use of Goose flying, if
bay
1 I presume the RAF,possibly in conjunction with NATO,planned in Labrador, or of areas in cenrraJ and
the route and here I do agree with Mr. Pendle that flying Over the eastern
where countries are crying out for hard currency, instead
outskirts of built up areas is an es~ential pan of training for the of inflicting
Europe
:H,
,,:,1.’,’, defence of tit: United Kingdom." . this scourge on heavily populated
as Pendle and the north of England generally? areas
such
, ,
Mr. Howarth then went on to criticise me on other matters I have had me benefit of reading the seventh report by
/"’d in trenchant terms.
..’:-~
,! . the Select Committee on Defence, which was published
’q
l~. Not everyone, unfortunately, is made of such stern stuff in July last
as Mr. Howarth. I have passed the names of mose affected do not have year,
by the low flying on 30 January to Lord Henley, the
time
and the Government’s response to I
to deal with all the issues raised in the
it.
Under-Secretary of’State for Defence. Those people will report,
, but I want to touch on a few. I mencioned
~’" wanted low flying to be banned for safety reasons.that I
be interviewed in due course by RAP police. ’!bey will not want to be alarmist, but I must I do
speak. for example, to Mrs. Whteley of Albion street, the Station hotel, where Duncan
Barby and to her son, Paul, who edits the local Smith
experience, is only 300 or 400 yards fromhis
tell the Minister that
had frightening
"The Town Crier". That paper was inundated withpaper, calIs primary schooL That is the blink of an eyeIidBarby county
from local people. The RAP police will also want to of a fast jet which is streaking across the for the pilot
sky.
S2CDf5.PAQ1I3I
~
."-’-’--~~~"4....r; r. ":.~~~.~..~...-~.._.~..... . . . ._ _ -----"""- .--
.1.. 1161 Low-Jlying ItrIAircrft
:.~ ;
. .’~t
.’;~..
.
~,".’-’:.; .
-.
,:.~t~ \
.:
28 APRILJ99S
162
I
:&:I, I was reminded of th ttagicincidcnt inSeptcmbcr last notc-on April,
Friday 21road at 8DO
Pettbsbire.wh~_
the year when two RAF airmen died tb.Tornado up Mancbestet
11..was the .fifth diAppearing over the borizoJL"W
a’
em crashed into a biDsidc ill
Tomado crash in 1994. A repo in TIlt-Herald on the Our planes fly at lower II .
he foUowing day. 2 September. quoted a Lochcamhead NATO
schoolteacher who said that low-flying aircraft often results? countries. Does that
!-faJco~’ ~some Defence:Jt’;r..::.’-~"
..
jtbe
the
leD I
they
passed over her school. She said:
That incident prompted my hon. Friend the Member for their flight safcry
Informanon Service
"’IbiS plane crash was within half a scnd (travelling time) of he told the Select CODlDUttee oncoDS1l~’points when
Ibis playground with 16 chdren in it"
"It has been argued that the more
low~record. ~~ w::::.=
Spaven of the:. .
.._.
~Security
On that basis, ODe azn:mr fly.tbe better
.
ltbe
ba
By
viDg
was
j the
CaIrick, Cumnock and Doon VaHey (Mr.Foulkes) to call to have a
of the crash became clear. He
aIannist. either-that said-he was not being forward
it was only a matter of time before
there was a "Lockerbie-style" incident involving the
low-flying jets crashing into populated areas.
aircraft
I have read about the ALFENS project, the new that of their US Air Force equivalents."
no cation procedure which is supposed to improve Mr.
~
accident rate. for its fast
for a suspension of all military low flying until the cause other NATO.III’.f~ If this was the jets tbeitlt could be
s~ce ~urccs pay~ ~1~0<tiD&
as a justification for the expense 0(
it would have a in the additi
and am:rew trained at peatof~’Howevcr.
reverse 15 QUc. ConsistcDdy throughout the
thc RAF’s combat fast jets have had an er!i 1980& a i l992.
~paven went on to
.
loa me twice
"
put
effort.
eZPeiisive combat
: the safety. From my reading of the Defence Committee predilection for vet)’ low flying talk about the RAFs
report, it is clear that it is scandalous ~1be project is the Gulf war. He said:
and of the experience of
:- ’OWD
:med
ligbt
I’d" .
running years late. I hope that the Minister can ten me "One lcsson lcamcd from the GuJf War’
whether the project is likely to come on stream this year hitherto cxlusive concentration
as promised.
Th~ . .
Minister also told me .m answer.to a parliamentary
.
War training.""
_.
IS
a0("9~"~O
was
Wai
If~J;-~
Ib~Ubc.W
"’lJaaack was
_y~-:’\~~T.
. .~ ~ g
Ie..::t~-~.t_.;..;...:.
over
;. _.
to
s
~
another six as a result of air crew error and three others made m 1991 to cut the number of
~g
as a result of mechanical or similar failure.
.
Lea asI.de the h ~an
crashes close to!l billion. The LIbrary
cost, ~e
1994 pnces. the cost of a Tornado aIrcraft IS an c mment on that?
me te~s ~at,
total cost 0 f all the
at
30 per cent He said then that the real fall~w ’nearer.by
3 pet cent, mostlv due to the reduced number of flights
bv the United States Air Force. Will the Minister
flights
to
as.tonishing ~vity
!28 million, so the crashes in the United
~o Is not increased
~
being inflicted OD us in Britain
Kingdom since 1981 have cost !644 million and those because of the decISIon by the Gennans to ban low-level
. ~onoverseas have cost !345 million. It seems me as a flights over Germany. for environmental and other
"’~~des
;""’’’~4;I
1-.ow
that it is self-evident that flying at very low reasons?
will increase the risk of something going wrong. Tornados
Ro~
w~ch
Air Force planes. such as the eight
came from RAP Bruggen, spend useless
’~""-" A.II __1 .. hours travelling . so that they may fly at low level
~"f&;.!:~iIIowed
: "’!D",!he that the nU1WiU mmunum
ft. it.
h eI.ght lor I ow fl.
United Kingdom is 250 Operational low flvmg 40’
: the:::: orth
the non fE gl d,
an befi fl’
for 30
~ ,~~f
ing ore ymg b ack
"~.~ e.
~
down to 100 Planes are literally skimming
~
. the . .
. the treetops in three tactical training areas’ in the
.. of Scotland, just north of the Great Glen,’ in the
I would like
made earlier
... and in central Wales. It is not surprising that can take place if It IS deemed to be af?o~ ~~,~y.~~.
~~~
Minister to address the pomt
.alternative areas in which low fl!g
that I
~~
~f!..~~tZS I
complaints are generated
:’!iltitudes.
.:
,~ear. . ..;;’:’
when
.f
planes travel at !lot the only person" who
Minister but many hundreds of my co~~~bo .ft1e
are
~
.
<"
..... regular] inconvenienc frigIiteJ j;
" there were 5.778 complaints. which had.men low-fl,fng
jets screechig-oVer ’th ":ar iii y
ic%!~;-;"’"-.,
.n.:~:!.,"’::~"-=
.. .,’ 38 the year before. I am absolutely convmccd
live.
ts.
figures do not convey the real number of
. People ’Wgen~y do not know. who
.. to. other than thell’ Member of Parliament, if pm 2..S4 _ .’.’;:~:’:’’1i:~~d ai,titi
’;’. ’1i~>1OT~:.~~.. c~
:.: ’~’~’rJ ’.:"
~.. . In;:: .".& {P,{.;tl!’ l
..& ~aIplane
_h~.They streaking overhead and disappearing The MiDister or S
tend to just shrug their shoulders Nicholas Soames):
for the ’Amied..Forces (Mr.
.
lam,.. ~futfor,_thei.~ty
.
PJI
~’!Ith
""~~- Fon:epoint,
.Ulghester
.’
that I was
life. Most people have not even heard of reply to this
police.
the
’only a few.days ago I was
another constituent ofmille.
.’.:’
~ -I
<,. ;
’.. 1IJJ
completely
CJo hope that the Minister wiD unprompted, that
want to take
Europe may have receded with the nd of the cold war.
instability and unpredictability have iIIcmased. Events
1163 lPw-Jlyin,M ry Aircraft 28 APRIL 1995 lPw-Jlyin,KdittI,.,A;rcr
[Mr.lrlCholas SO]
around the world have demonsttated
requimmeDt fQf weD-trained, weD-equipped armed forces
that wiD be able to defend
whc:revc:r the need
remains a vital
arises.
element
-in
a continuing
our interests whenever and
Clearly, the.ability to fly low
meeting requiment, and
that
~ ~ ~~o~
SlriDJCDt flyiDg regulatioas. Their
IDOJIiton:d,
to
to easure r the standards of
peri’0I1DaDcc is closely
an .unportant reason for low flyma ’.tram .... those that suggest a breach ofregulations are
Many Wberev=-
systems.
nations possess modern,
a
flying operations, we must and wiD be prepared for them assisted by a Skyguard radar system,
to be. opposed by air defences supported by a _.I
accurately the altitude aad ..t""""" of an which measures
aircraft.
.i
I
I
COIDpl’Chensive network of surveillance radars and
command and control systems. As such systems rely thatI am
to minitJIi!le exposur: to those defences.
those
ploased to be able to assure the hon. Gentleman
heavily OD radar iDfonnation. low flying is a vital tactic there is checb have consistently shown that, rightly.
a healthy respect for the regulations.
to say that breaches never occur, but such cases
Attacking aircraft can use natural land features to mask much the exception; flouting of
That is not
are very
!’-
f approach.
their .
but to press home their attack and to be and action is taken the rules is not tolerated,
successful. they must fly at high speedsed at hei~ts of
when breaches are substantiated.
100 ft and below. Such skiJls cannot be Jearned qwckIy.
r:~ons an~ o~g
I emphasise that flight safety is at the heart ofour flym’ a
"
" .’
Neither can they be maintained without r:gu1ar, rigorous
and realistic training. It is essential that air crews achieve accIdents are
never---aa
W. e must
. never--sen....
d .will
m~gatcd
and maintain a high standard of proficiency in peacetime. learned arc put mto effect thoroughly,
.
and ~y
procedures. AIl military aircraft(>
as a matter of pnonty. We
d ..;.. crews I’nto ensure that our findings arc publicised widely, not omy
.lessons
Gent1c~~-.an su~~~’1eso
d
.
.
u...out
. allies b ut thro..J. the .aVla.tIOn
f all those boards 0 f.mqwnes .
’.
world ,
!/ wiD undcrsumd that we would Dever wish to put the Jives m the LIbrary of the House. are placed
I of air crew at risk ino’that way. Regular low flying remains
Although ther: has been a dOWllward
. II’0
1: essential to meet our defence commitments.
disturbance to those on the ground. Maximum use is made
overall RAP accident rate l’CC*ltly, we are trend
In an ideal world, we would train without causing any complacent. A range of
safety measures. is
in the
certainly not
being
of S ulators, but even the most advanced technology progressively introduced to improve dcconfliction and
:
f,
i ~;: ::
cannot be a substitute for low flying. Unfortunat:ly, ther: conspicuity in the
are no uninhabited . areas in the United Kingdom large Depanmcnt has r:gu1ar discussions with the Civil
low=- air space. In addition. my
:
. .,. enough to accommodate our training needs, so we aim at Aviation Authority and other civil agencies about a wide
spreading the activity across the Uni~
widely as possible, to reduce the burden m anyone area.
Kingdom as entir:Iy range of safety issues. Of course, no flying activity is
pcrspcctive.
risk-1i’cc, but the risks need to be kept. in
’J Ccrtainareas are excluded, such as civil aerodromes,
major industrial hazards and large centres of population-
generaIJy, towns with 10,000 or mar: inhabitants, such as the hon. Memh=-~ho ~ck,
As the hon. Gentleman .JDentIoned,
for
Bamoldswick. In ’addition. air crews do their best to avoid (Mr. Foulkes), IS peri1aps the last master of
. ...
taking his line from
Cumnock and Doon VaDey
all populated . areas, whether or DOt they are listed for understatement m the House of COlD1I1ons, the !he
flymg
~~
avoidance. safety record of the Tornado compares eXtremely
,j: . ..’
It IS not always possIble to avoId the ..
.s
J~}~~ and communities, and people Jiving O.nouiskirts 0 f towns favodly . with all other fast jet types. . .The Dumber of
i
.~. the outskirts of 1 0::c:...........f the Tornad entcr:d ServIce m 1981’IS W cD
~ ~y
,::;,
I.!t
major towns, as well as in less populated areas, will see WI
and hear aircraft from time to time. .To "’^!"^’.....
e attrtbon rate.
disturbance. we limit the amount I shaU now discuss the incident on 30 January 1995.
oflow-flymg tramJng to As the hon.
’,.> . /I.f
3~ flym~ Sin~
essen~.
that which is strictIy 1.988. we have Royal Air Force Gentleman is aware, investigations by the
f. reduced the volume of low by Jet mar: established police continue. Those have so far
, .
,
.,
f
I
.
.
than per
reducton.
~
cent.. and are CODlDUtted to mamtammg that
Night training is fundamental, but we keep it to the foDowed
minimum for crew to acquir: and maintain the
required skiDs. We also aim to complete training as early them isoverflew
as possible. and befor: 11 pm whenever possible. Low said.
dctaiIs
by the
flying by fast jets is rarely permitted after that time. The speak to witncsscs of the incident.
of the sortie 8Dd of its planned rome
through the Bamoldswick and Earby district.
however. yet been possible to determine the precise
aircraft,
It has not,
and cspecially whether any.of
the centI: of Barnoldswick, which, as I
listed for avoidance. It is ther:fore.necessary
route
to
,
’f
I
longer hours of darkness in. the winter
sorties to be flown earlier in the evening. asmonths allow I.~bim-the
proVldins-- grateful to the hon. Gentleman for. fina11y
~
was the case three attempts on our part to obtain those
with the sortie that involved the flying’in the vicinity of from
..Bamoldswick and Euby on 30 January, to which the hon. names and addresses of those of his
Gentleman refc:md. c:onstitucnts who are willing to be interviewed by the RAP
~~.~f~_B’
police.
i :
a JDaUcr in which he has proved to be
. We
recopise that the general pUblic have a right to be Those interviews wiD now be conducted. as soon diI.
resp
that~)ow flying, is conducted safely and
ibJ~Ir~~..cbai ~to aad.~.
.. . ....1
Qll5.pAOIIe
our: pilots are SiIbj Sh
.
-11.. . 1165
~~J~~
~
Low-JIyinf M"1A
~ ~1~,.~ -~~
.,
-.".
,_,,’;,’..’.,
’,I!- ;-y’
~. ..-~~.:~ ; - :
’~’(’"
,
’ ; .
’. . .
1 2;,. :’;.
.
...... :\I
.
-
-.
1166
- -,
~ ~~’
’" .--;
~ ~.
oseJy Having n:ad the c:ovez:age in the local newspaper,I is divided into a 111IIDbetJ.-of I ght-flying
in d~
read gross exaggerations. the hoo. Gent1eman~th ’!be COUDDy
ip, so
ipest
-some
the
admitted
g ~gbt,
to him m a
that.’
!fW
laaiDg arucle m the ..,~ __" _ at any squadron
"
only
.0.
time. or ariit aces. to
.
one
for eDSUnDg safe separatoa
.
.
dIeD
its own
newspaper.
;wand Mr. Prentice: Will the Minister give way?
~,
’.fJ That is often achieved by aD the
the same route, with time
j
occasioa. between them,
lIPS’
iDvolved
pted
cmy
times
sores
’~.Soames: No; I wiD not.
My noble friend the Under-Secretary of State for
Defence will then write to the hon. Gentleman setg out
the c:onclusions that have been drawn.
of~~ift:=n;;~:e:aj~~:sto==d::
which is what
gro~, ~-~ute
aircraft in each
and a
two groups. I apprectate that tJymg 1D streamgap between the
in way,
was done on this
The sortie concerned was’a routine training sortie wbich would not generally be done in daylight, that increases
:man eight Tornado GRI aircraft of No. 9 squadron, based byat the disturbance experienced by those who live close
route, but I hope that the Gentleman will understand
to the
hon.
jIltly, Royal Air Force Bmggen. It was intended to simulate a
s not typical attack mission involving the penettation of a the overriding safety considerations which
necessary. Air crew do, of course, seek to vary as far as
that .make
-ated,
very highly hostile air space at low level, under cover
darkness-nota mission that would be lightly tJown.
After carrying out a simulated low-level attack on a andI hope
possible the routes chosen from day to day.
that what I have said has shown in planning that,
we~_ cmying out this essential training, due regard
transiting at to safety and to minimising disturbance to the isgeneral given
-.ying
craft
;sons
target in the lake district, the aircraft
low level to cazry out a further attack on th mnge at RAP public. Unfortunately, it is not
WaintJeet when they flew through the hon. Gentleman’s disturbance completely, and I
possible to avoid
apologise to the hon.
We constituency. The aircraft were authorised to tJy down to Gentleman’s constiments who were
500 it minimum separation distance; that is to say, they training 30 affected
’ ’ by our
only January, although I think that the hon.
orId, were required to maintain a distance of at least
from all objects, including the ground. They were making
.500
it Gentleman exaggerates the concern.
aced use of terrain-following radar>;.::.w’hich maintains a fixed ItsI believe that we have the best air force in the world.
deservedly high reputation owes much to the
separation from the,grountr’ dallows the aircraft to be "-::’;’:diSiplinedandthorough
the flown safely at low level at night. training and professionalism of .
its air crews. I note with pride that, already this year,
worl~depl~~ ~.
,
not The planned route ofthe aircraft involved a turn fromf\\ every type offr,ont-line aircraft in the Royal Air Force has
:ivil
.vide
"ytinis
cing
and
my
a south-easterly to a southerly heading slightly to the east’ been
ofBamoldswick; the aircraft should therefore have passed
not yet been determined whether any of the aircraft carry ~~
is deployed on
Their ability to contribute
between~amoldswick and Earby. As I have said, it has securIty OWes a great deal to the traming which our
out at home. We are most
deviated from that route. Because the sortie was being millions ofpeople who have supponed us m that trammg
flown at night it was arranged in accordance with the rules for more than 75 years.
of the United Kingdom night low-flying system. Those
m specifically designed to minimise the risk of mid-air
Question put and agreed to.
around the
to
aIr
s~
operatio~
~f.fecti~ely
~ful tc?
o~~e
Adjourned accordingly at six minutes past Three
rom
collisions between aircraft. o’ clock.
illey
the
,ring
lely
’of
vell
95.
the .i-,--.~:.
far .:
ute .
lOt, ,
ute
of.
1..
’
.
’:~;;.:~~:~;i:’~r~1.~~::-’.:=’-
s
to ..~~~.S\~~~;-:
. ."..
..~-
:f..-.
~..;_~~t\~. .
..-,
- NUMBERS OF UNEXPLAINED AERIAL SIGHTINGS REPORTED
1959
1960
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
-
-
22
31
1976
1977 -
- 200
435
1961 - 71 1978 - 750
1962 - 46 1979 - 550
1963 - 51 1980 - 350
1964 - 74 1981 - 600
1965 - 56 1982 - 250
1966 - 95 1983 - 390
1967 - 362 1984 - 214
1968 - 280 1985 - 177
1969 - 228 1986 - 120
1970 - 181 1987 - 150
1971 - 379 1988 -39T-’
1972 - 201 1989 - 258
1973 - 233 1990 - 209
1974 - 177 1991 - 117
1975 - 208 1992 - 147
1993 - 258
1994 - 250
Figures from before 1959 are not available.
~..~
REPORT OF AN UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT
I-{;
1;
#
.J!
"~-:~i"~...",""A~~’~iJ..~k~~"-..., .:;
B. Description of Object
(No of objects, size,
8all shaped object with
Very brightly lit
tail.
shape colour, brightness)
1959
TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
1960 -
- 22
31
1976
1977
-
-
200
435
1961 - 71 1978 - 750
1962 - 46 1979 - 550
1963 - 51 1980 - 350
1964 - 74 1981 - 600
1965 - 56 1982 - 250
1966 - 95 1983 390
1967 - 362 1984 - 214
1968 - 280 1985 - 177
1969 - 228 1986 - 120
1970 - 181 1987 - 150
1971 - 379 1988 - 397
1972 - 201 1989 - 258
1973 - 233 1990 - 209
1974 - 177 1991 - 117
1975 - 208 1992 - 147
1993 - 258
1994 - 250
Figures from before 1959 are not available.
CD "
-\--\E
N E\\J<o(L~ \J \<, Nrrr,~v
\J .f=.o ., bE :’
me._
()
. " \
process, while the pilot balloons tended to retain their pig- targets on between 50 and 100 balloon flights made between
color~ even after exposure to the sun. But, contrary
rroneous information contained in the statement the
June 1947 and 1952. Since multiple targets were used. we
could be talking about several hundred targets with the pecu-
to
Air e asked Professor Moore to sign, the balloon material liar tape, which caught Professor Moore’s attention upon his
did lH2t deteriorate to the point where it would "almost look every use of the targets. Yet, in their attempt to discredit the
like dark gray or black flakes or ashes after exposure to the Mogul explanation, Rodeghier and Chesney reject as many as
sun for only a few days [emphasis added]." In fact, it took a several hundred firsthand observations of the tape with the
few months for the balloon material to deteriorate to the point pinkish-purplish symbols in favor of the one-time observations
where it resembled charred paper. I t became brittle and of the "alien writing."
would flake easily, and could easily be mistaken for something It should be noted that personnel who worked with the
that had been in a fire, although it would not be precise to call radar targets, but who had no connection with Project Mogul,
it ash. Professor Moore furnished me with material from a
sounding balloon he exposed to New Mexico sunlight for
months which displayed these characteristics.
Joor.. also recall the peculiar tape with the pinkish-purplish symbols.
The photographs are the best, most reliable evidence for
what W.W. Brazel found on the Foster Ranch, and the news-
After examining the Roswell photographs, Professor Moore paper accounts furnish the best, most reliable account of the
concluded that the depth of darkening of the balloon material sequence of events that occurred back in July of 1947. The
is consistent with an early June launch. This, in turn, is con- crashed-saucer promoters tend to dismiss the newspaper ac-
sistent with the newspaper accounts, apparently based on Ma- counts because they dispute the "alien spaceship" explanation.
jor Marcel’s statements to the press at the time, that Brazel What the public has not been told is that much of the informa-
had discovered the debris on June 14th. tion in those newspaper stories was furnished by Major Marcel
There is no disputing the fact that the balloon material himself. Instead, the crashed-saucer promoters actively pro-
shown in the Roswell photographs had been exposed to sun- mote the idea that General Ramey told Marcel to keep his
light for several weeks. prdinary sounding balloons are con- mouth shut and not talk to the press. This may indeed be
sidered expendable equipment. Nobody goes searching for true, but if it is, then Marcel spoke to the press in Roswell,
-
them once they’re launched. The balloons are not recovered
--
amt ::IrA not inc1Mct C::innnt hq -- !.1C;; d nv r :to;)!". Om’"
posed to sunlight, they start to deteriorate. Nobody saves
p-x- before the official cover-up was instituted.
Accorrlin!! tn thenp.w!:r.~pl!r
IIccnllnt~, Marce! ~I;);d Rra!91
had found the debris three weeks previously and didn’t think
used balloon material. So, how did the personnel at Fort anything about it until he went into Corona on Saturday night,
Worth know of Professor Moore’s unorthodox balloon flights. July 5, where he first heard mention of the "silver’ flying
and where did they find sounding balloon material that had disks." He probably also heard about the $3000 reward being
been exposed to the sun for several weeks, so that it could be offered for a genuine flying saucer. We reasonably can as-
substituted for the "real" Roswell debris? Again, the answer is sume Brazel, having recently found the silvery debris on the
simple. No substitution was made. The Roswell photographs remote ranch, put two and two together and concluded that the
show the lJHIl Roswell debris, and the photographs show mate- debris he found must have come from one of the silvery discs.
rial from one or more radar targets, and material from one or Although he had found weather balloons on the ranch before.
more sounding balloons that had been exposed to sunlight for neither included the unusual radar targets, which in no way
several weeks. resemble a weather balloon. For Brazel, the flying disc expla-
Neither the radar targets nor used balloon material was nation won by default.
readily available to the personnel at Fort Worth Army Air We may reasonably suppose from these newspaper ac-
Field, certainly not on such short notice. So few Air Force counts that Brazel headed for Roswell and contacted the sher-
personnel were familiar with the appearance of radar targets iff, in the hope of claiming the $3000 reward. It seems rea-
that it is ridiculous to suggest that somebody actually recom- sonable that Brazel presented his story to the sheriff in a flying
mended substituting radar targets for the "real" Roswell de- disc context, and that the sheriff turned around and presented
bris. Even the Roswell witnesses who insist they handled the Brazel’s story to Roswell Army Air Field and Major Marcel in
real debris say the debris depicted in the photographs re- a flying disc context. Since Major Marcel had never seen a
sembles the debris they saw back in 1947, although they say it radar target before, and since the targets in no way resemble
is not the same, which isn’t terribly surprising after the pas- a weather balloon, he, too, was not able to identify the debris,
sage of nearly five decades. and, once again. the flying disc explanation won by default.
Furthermore, the Air Force did not lie when they stated The meaningless, pinkish-purplish symbols on the reinforcing
that what the rancher recovered was a weather balloon, Gen- tape only added to the mystery.
eral DuBose’s statements notwithstanding. To the extent that We may reasonably conclude that, upon his return to
the balloons were being used to carry scientific instruments Roswell Army Air Field, Marcel showed the debris to Colonel
being developed to detect compressional waves from Soviet Blanchard and his staff, none of whom had ever.seen a radar
atomic explosions, and the radar targets were being used to target before.
--
track the position of the balloons neither piece of equipment The flying disc explanation won by default because nobody
being used for wea er purposes -- the statement that the de- who examined the debris in Roswell had ever seen one of the
bris was from a weather balloon was a little misleading as to unusual radar targets before. Because the debris had been
the purpuse o which it was b6ing put, but it was tile truth. locatee; 011 a :ernota stction of a remote ranch, the people ::0
Another flaw in Rodeghier and Chesney’s article is their volved reasonably concluded that the debris hadn’t walked
attempt to call into question the recollections of Project Mogul there on its own, and that, whatever it was, it had fallen from
personnel who recall the tape with the pinkish-purplish sym- the sky. Contributing to the erroneous identification were the
bols. This maneuver seems to be directed primarily at Profes- widespread radio and newspaper reports of flying saucer sight-
sor Moore, who drew the symbols at my request, and showed ings. If an air of hysteria did not exist, certainly an air of ex-
how the tape was applied to the targets. One of Professor citement and expectation did.
Moore’s drawings appears in the Air Force report. There is no mystery as to why the crashed-saucer promot-
Rodeghier and Chesney say, "Even though Project Mogul ers ignore Marcel’s earlier statements in favor of his state-
documentation exists, there is no paper or physical evidence to ments made thirty-plus years after the event occurred.
prove conclusively that the purplish-pink tape, for example, Certainly this is proof that "the best Roswell investigations,"
was used in constructing the balloon trains." The tape was nct as Rodeghier and Chesney put it, do not "use all the available
used to construct the balloon trains, as Rodeghier and evidence," as they claim.
Chesney put it. The tape was used by the manufacturer of the There are numerous other points for which the crashed-
radar targets as reinforcement on the targets that were flown saucer promoters pick and choose the evidence they want the
on the balloon trains. That aside, unlike the witnesses to the public, Mr. Schiff, and GAO to see. This selective use of in-
"alien writing," whose testimony Rodeghier and Chesney ea- formation has painted a picture of the Roswell incident that
gerly accept, even though the witnesses saw the writing on bears little resemblance to reality.
only one occasion, Professor Moore, for example, used the ******************************************
-.L",.;,....-,........
--/~’::;,\,.- -. ~or;:; ;.ulllTIar:i