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    How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses
    How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses
    How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses
    Ebook134 pages1 hour

    How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses

    By William D. Granger

    ()

    Read preview
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherArchive Classics
    Release dateNov 26, 2013
    How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses

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      Book preview

      How to Care for the Insane A Manual for Nurses - William D. Granger

      Project Gutenberg's How to Care for the Insane, by William D. Granger

      This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

      almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

      re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

      with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

      Title: How to Care for the Insane

      A Manual for Nurses

      Author: William D. Granger

      Release Date: August 21, 2011 [EBook #37142]

      Language: English

      *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HOW TO CARE FOR THE INSANE ***

      Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

      http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images

      generously made available by The Internet Archive.)

      HOW TO CARE FOR THE

      INSANE

      A MANUAL FOR NURSES

      BY

      WILLIAM D. GRANGER, M.D.

      PROPRIETOR-PHYSICIAN, VERNON HOUSE, MT. VERNON, N. Y.

      FORMERLY FIRST ASSISTANT PHYSICIAN BUFFALO STATE HOSPITAL, BUFFALO, N. Y.

      MEMBER AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF SUPERINTENDENTS OF HOSPITALS FOR

      THE INSANE. MEMBER NEW YORK NEUROLOGICAL SOCIETY.

      SECOND EDITION. REVISED.

      The Knickerbocker Press

      1891

      COPYRIGHT

      G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS

      1886

      Press of

      G. P. Putnam’s Sons

      New York

      NOTE TO SECOND EDITION.

      At the time of starting a training school, in 1883, the author was unaware that like work was commencing at the McLean Asylum, Somerville, Mass., by Dr. Campbell Clark and others in Scotland, and in New South Wales.

      Each was independent, and each worked out the problem independently. Thus, far separated efforts showed the time had come when attendants must be evolved into trained nurses.

      The most gratifying feature has been the unanimous approval by American superintendents and the establishment of training schools in almost every asylum in the land, often under the most difficult conditions and at a great sacrifice of the precious time and strength of the medical staff.

      The increasing number of these schools and pupils demands a second edition of this little manual.

      Vernon House, Mt. Vernon, N. Y.,

      March 21, 1891.

      INTRODUCTION.

      The writer began in October, 1883, at the Buffalo State Asylum for the Insane, a course of instruction to the women attendants upon their duties and how best to care for their patients. This has been regularly continued till it has become a fixed part of the asylum life, and has developed into a system of training, and now a class of attendants has nearly completed its studies. Since July, 1885, instruction has been given to men attendants.

      In April, 1885, the Superintendent, Dr. J. B. Andrews, who had encouraged the school from its conception, asked the Board of Managers to officially recognize it. They adopted the recommendation and fixed the qualifications for admission, the pay and privileges of its members, and provided for a certificate as a trained nurse and an attendant upon the insane, to be given to all, who at the end of two years successfully finished the full course of instruction.

      The writer believes that all attendants should be regularly instructed in their duties, and the highest standard of care can be reached only when this is done. He also believes that every person who is allowed to care for the insane will be greatly benefited by such instruction, and will be able to learn every thing taught, if the teacher uses simple methods and is patient to instruct.

      As a rule they enter upon the study with interest, and soon a skilled corps is formed, who are competent to fill the responsible positions, and control the unstable class that drift in and out of an asylum. Even the dullest are awakened to new zeal, and are advanced to positions of trust they could not otherwise have filled.

      A brief outline of the course of instruction of the school may be of interest.

      The first year is spent in learning the routine of ward work and filling minor positions. The attendants are changed from ward to ward, and have the care of all classes of the insane.

      They first receive instruction in the printed rules of the asylum. Every rule relating to the duties of attendants is read and explained, and special attention is called to the performance of the following duties:

      a. Duties to officers.

      b. Duties to each other.

      c. Duties to patients.

      d. Duties to the institution.

      Thus the new attendants early get an outline of their duties in the special care of the insane.

      After this comes instruction in elementary anatomy and physiology. They are taught of the bones, joints, muscles, and organs of the body, food and digestion, the circulation and respiration, waste and repair, animal heat, and the nervous system.

      In order to be ready for advanced instruction the elements of physiology must be thoroughly learned. The teaching must be adapted to the ability and wants of those instructed. Having fixed the limit of duties required of an attendant, it is easy to fix the limit of instruction. It is an error to teach too much medicine, for then we begin to make physicians. All that is needed is attendants who are able to do their work intelligently, and, keeping this object in mind, lectures by a physician, devoid of too much detail, but simple, direct, and plain, are better than instruction from any of the text-books. With notes of the lectures furnished, and with repeated recitations, any lesson is readily learned. This way of instructing, by lectures, notes, and recitations, is continued throughout the entire two years.

      A course in hygiene follows the lectures in physiology.

      Instruction in these three studies occupies the first year. An attendant who, at the end of this time, successfully passes an examination in them, and who has been faithful in his duties, is ready to receive the advanced instruction of the second year. This includes the nursing of the sick, the management of emergencies, and finally the special work of caring for the insane. The wits of an attendant upon the insane have to be sharpened in many directions not required of a general nurse. The text-books on nursing may properly be followed by another, which shall aid one skilled as a nurse to perform the varied and difficult duties incident to the care of the insane and the wards of an asylum. To furnish this is the object of this manual.

      A brief review of the physiology of the nervous system is introduced for the aid of students, in reading the chapters on the mind and insanity.

      To teach any thing metaphysical or pathological may seem questionable. The class, however, has not only been interested in the simple study of the phenomena of the mind, but has been able to comprehend and profit by the lectures on this subject.

      The lectures on the care of the insane were given to the class almost as they appear in these pages. The suggestion was made that if they were printed they would find a place in the hands of attendants in other asylums. This is the reason of their publication.

      To my colleague, Dr. A. W. Hurd, I wish to tender my thanks for the valuable assistance he has given me in the preparation of this manual. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Andrews for his ever kind but critical advice. But for his encouragement and help neither the work of instruction nor the preparation of these pages would have been begun, nor success, if success be gained, achieved.

      CONTENTS.

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