Lwów, Lviv, Lvov and Lemberg
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Now he was finally, physically, going to be in the city that he had written, read and thought about for so long, this city that was neither founded as a Polish city nor in the boundaries of the present -day Polish state yet played a major part in Poland's national life from 1340 right through to modern times. From 1340 to 1773 and from 1920 to 1939-it was nearly all the time under Polish national government. This, he now reflected, comprised the majority of the time from the founding of the city about the year 1250 to the Twenty-first century present. From what he had read the city had also had a crucial position in the culture and history of the Ukraine, where the city was known as Lviv. Just how this all panned out in practice he'd have to wait and see. He had had his interest in Eastern Europe for many years, visiting several countries in the region. So why had he not attempted this particular peregrination before?
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Lwów, Lviv, Lvov and Lemberg - Keith Meredith
Lwów, Lviv, Lvov and Lemberg
Lwów, Lviv, Lvov and Lemberg
Keith Meredith
Copyright 2011 by Keith Meredith
Smashwords Edition
Now he was finally, physically, going to be in the city that he had written, read and thought about for so long, this city that was neither founded as a Polish city nor in the boundaries of the present -day Polish state yet played a major part in Poland's national life from 1340 right through to modern times. From 1340 to 1773 and from 1920 to 1939-it was nearly all the time under Polish national government. This, he now reflected, comprised the majority of the time from the founding of the city about the year 1250 to the Twenty-first century present. From what he had read the city had also had a crucial position in the culture and history of the Ukraine, where the city was known as Lviv. Just how this all panned out in practice he'd have to wait and see. He had had his interest in Eastern Europe for many years, visiting several countries in the region. So why had he not attempted this particular peregrination before?
The principal reason was that he could not plan or even desire to go to a place he did not know existed. He had visited Poland on more than one occasion in the 1970's but the information for visitors provided under the auspices of the post-war Polish People's Republic concentrated on the lands within the post-war boundaries. He had also visited the Soviet Union but here the main places to visit were considered to be St. Petersburg (Leningrad) and Moscow. Even if one went to the Soviet Ukraine itself, the cities that first came to his mind for visiting were Kiev and Odessa. All in all, Lwów was under the radar. However, in due course he had met a Polish couple living near his home in Birmingham who had come from the city which they knew as Lwów, and who quickly remedied this gap in his knowledge. They had made him realize that Poland was not all that it seemed. It was not a centuries-old political-physical entity like Britain or most other countries. From the First Partition of 1773 there were to follow some two centuries of foreign control or domination of one sort or another, with the sole exception of 1921 to 1939. There was moreover the particular Polish experience of having the boundaries of their country changed by powerful if divided external forces. Poland was thus, under the Potsdam Treaty of 1945, allowed an inner core of its pre-war territory-including the cities of Warsaw, Łodz, Kraków and Poznan-but beyond that the Great Powers gave with one hand but took with the other, giving a hundred-mile or so wide strip taken from Germany in the West but taking away from them de jure a large area in the East including Lwów that had already been lost to them de facto in the course of World War II. True, the new area corresponded roughly to the area the country had occupied during the early years of the Polish state, but that was centuries before, and might or