Exam Facts NCLEX PN Nursing Study Guide

Welcome  2

About The Author  3

Why Exam Facts?  3

Exam Information  4

Just the Facts  6

NCLEX CORE  6

Professional Nursing  6

Hematology  38

Legal Issues  80

Human needs  81

Cardiovascular  91

Renal system  111

Neurology  158

Microbiology  164

Legal and Ethics  228

Leadership  232

Injury prevention  234

Infection  236

Reproduction  239

Antenatal assessment  243

Postpartum  258

Newborn care  263

Lifespan growth  269

Immunization  273

Assessment  277

Teaching/culture                                                            284

Stressors  286

Mental health  288

Dependency and addiction  298

Crisis  301

End of life                                                                        303

Nutrition  305

Alternative therapies  326

Dosage calculation  328

IV therapy  333

Blood  337

TPN                                                                         341

Pharmacology / medicine  344

Side effects  372

Reduction of risk  374

Perioperative care  399

Diagnostic testing  403

Therapeutic procedures  411

Physiological adaptation  418

Cancer  431

Basic care  435

NCLEX-PN EXAM REVIEW  458

Glossary  510

Pharmacology Review  514

Nursing Vocabulary  547

Abbreviations & Symbols  576

Registered NCLEX-PN Exam

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Pass the NCLEX-PN Nursing Exam by using Exam Facts Just the Facts study guide.

NCSBN develops two licensure examinations, the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) and the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN), that are used by boards of nursing to assist in making licensure decisions.

Taking the NCLEX-PN or the NCLEX-RN is a capstone experience to your studies and so much more. Passing the exam demonstrates your competence so that you can launch your nursing career. 

(from https://www.ncsbn.org/nclex.htm)

Welcome

Thank you for choosing Exam Facts NCLEX PN Nurse Exam Study Guide, First Edition.  This book is part of a family of premium-quality Exam Facts books, all of which are written by outstanding authors who combine teaching experience with real life working experience.

Our goal is to bring you the best books available to help you succeed. I hope you see all that reflected in these pages. We would be very interested to hear your comments and get your input on how we can improve our products. Feel free to let me know what you think about this book or any other Exam Facts book by sending us an email at support@examfacts.com. If you think you’ve found a technical error in this book, please let us know and we will definitely research and correct it.  Your response is critical to our efforts at here at Exam Facts.

Thank you,

Colton McGovney,  

Chief Editor at Exam Facts.

About The Author

Danielle Tanner is a nursing instructor with a 22-year background in Nursing.  She began as a RN Nurse who later became a Nurse Practitioner.  She then became a certified a College Professor at many Universities, who has taught Nursing Classes all over the US, Canada and the UK.  Danielle is committed to provide readers the knowledge for you to be successful.  With this edition, future-nursing candidates can rest assured that they will be receiving the latest study material available to advance their career.

Acknowledgement

Thank you to the many students who helped with our books.  Your input is was critical in what we write.

Why Exam Facts?

We create study guides that are compiled facts that you need to know.  No fluff, no long stories that can be distracting to what you really need to learn and remember.  Some of our guides have questions filtered in but we try to give you facts, straight to the point so you remember and use that information in your deciphering and understanding of the test questions. 

Exam Facts gets some of the best experts in each field to compile and write what is needed for you to be successful.  We also get input from you, the test taker on what you’d like to see or if all possible, what we have missed. 

We also strive to keep the price as low as possible, sometimes even a hundred dollars cheaper than other guides on the market.

Exam Information

There is no time limit for each individual question. You'll have a maximum of 5 hours to complete the exam, which includes a tutorial in the beginning. There are no mandatory breaks. However, there's an optional break after 2 hours of testing, and another optional break after an additional 90 minutes of testing.

Everyone answers a minimum of 85 questions to a maximum of 205 questions. Regardless of how many you answer, you will be given 15 experimental questions that do not count for or against you. The exam administrators use them to test for future questions on the exam.

Your exam ends when one of the following occurs:

·  You have demonstrated minimum competency and answered the minimum number of questions (85).

·  You have demonstrated a lack of minimum competency and answered the minimum number of questions (85).

·  You have answered the maximum number of questions (205).

·  You have used the maximum time allowed (5 hours).

COST: $200

EXAM is PASS/FAIL  (NO Score)

https://www.ncsbn.org/nclex.htm

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Just the Facts

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NCLEX CORE

Professional Nursing

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What is an expected typical behavior of a person in a specific profession?

 Role

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What 5 forces influence health care system?

Cost, uninsured, government, market, health care policies

––––––––

If uninsured client needs BP checked weekly what should she do?

Community health care nurse check BP

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Why are people with the ability to generate new ideas needed for redesign a situation?

Leaders

––––––––

Identifying valuable traditions and practices unifies the nursing profession through efforts from?

Managers, researchers, clinicians, and educators

––––––––

When was fee-for-service based health care?

Before 1950

––––––––

When did costs increase due the expanding health care system?

After 1950

––––––––

How did congress respond of increased health care costs by establishing a government payment system with incentives to keep costs low?

They created the Social security amendments of 1983

––––––––

What type of companies were created to keep competition with government programs to further lower costs?

Insurance companies

––––––––

What system emerged in effort to cut costs, focusing on primary care and deliver a continuum of care?

Healthcare networks

––––––––

What type of care is based upon quality, management, data, primary care, interdisciplinary, and contracts to detail finances and services.

Managed care characteristics

––––––––

HMO's, PPO, Point of service and carve outs are different types of what?

Managed care models

––––––––

Define HMO

Health maintenance organizations

––––––––

Staff model, group model, network model, and independent practice association are types of what managed care models?

HMO's

––––––––

Define PPO

Preferred provider organization

––––––––

What are leapfrog group, quality management, benchmarking?

Current focus to reduce errors

––––––––

What is a preventive approach of care that involves continuous evaluation and improvement, is implemented through patient surveys?

Quality management

––––––––

What compares organization data with similar organizations, compares performance, results show weaknesses and strengths?

Benchmarking

––––––––

When is the population of older adults to double?

2030

––––––––

What is decision making process of identify question, find evidence, eval evidence, apply evidence, and eval outcome used in future by VAc?

Evidence based practice

––––––––

What practice is criticized due to absence of theory, and lack of time, expertise, and resources to implement?

Criticized Evidence based practice

––––––––

What records includes health info from al medical resources with Evidence-Based Practice integrated?

Electronic health records

––––––––

What kind of record includes privacy and costs are barriers?

Barrier of Computerization

––––––––

What reduced redundancies, improved efficiency, decreased errors, and lower costs are all benefits?

Benefits of computerization

––––––––

What track medications, record interventions, and update medical information?

Personal health records

––––––––

Official agencies and health care organizations are not prepared to respond to mass casualties or what ?

Disaster preparation

––––––––

What is one of the nurses concerns from disaster training?

Abandonment

––––––––

What is included to fund local health departments besides federal state funding from local health departments to lower costs?

Grants from private foundations

––––––––

What centers take Medicare, Medicaid, and sliding scale fees?

Community health centers

––––––––

What is a positive result of transformation of Health care?

Need for nurse practitioners

––––––––

What are necessary components of health care delivery?

Interdisciplinary care

––––––––

What is a professional issue affecting health care?

Shortage of nurses

––––––––

What is prospective payment system?

Diagnostic related group

––––––––

What is given amount of money for services?

Capitation

––––––––

What is outpatient prospective payment system?

Ambulatory payment classification

––––––––

Who’s goal is the manage the cost and quality of care to members?

Health maintenance organization

––––––––

Management authority is derived from whom?

Managers position

––––––––

What is the most expensive health care program in the US?

Medicare

––––––––

Health care services are driven by what?

Managed care

––––––––

What influences people to goal achievement?

Leadership

––––––––

What kind of organization with financial structures and with tax shelters?

Not-for-profit

––––––––

Who reviews the need for services based on necessity, efficiency, and appropriateness?

Utilization management

––––––––

What profession has the power to influence both health care delivery and policy?

Nursing

––––––––

What emphasis of health care in a managed care environment?

Health promotion and disease prevention

––––––––

What is the central issue driving health care delivery?

Cost

––––––––

What kind of organization include profit goals and tax liabilities?

For-profit

––––––––

What leadership theory that originates of belief at birth, great leaders are born with it, leadership can not be developed?

Great man theory

––––––––

What leadership exists as an attribute of a personality, leader if exhibits certain attributes?

Trait theory

––––––––

What leadership theory of no single personality typifies a leader, traits differ according the situation?

Situational theory

––––––––

What situation theory of leadership of three components model of situation, predicts most productive leadership style through analysis of components?

Contingency model of 1965

––––––––

What are the three components of contingency model of 1965?

Leader-member, task structure, position of power

––––––––

What theory is based on interviews of 90 leaders to find what is common between them?

New theory

––––––––

What leaders and followers have same purpose and help each other to better their performance, rely on cooperation and outcome with endorsement from leadership scholars?

Transformational leadership

––––––––

What process of individual becoming a leader with understanding self?

Leadership development

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What is intelligence, social sensitivity, social participation, communication skills, initiative, creativity, risk-takers?

Common leadership personality

––––––––

What leader is dictatorial, high control, leader of responsibility, and very efficient?

Autocratic leader

––––––––

What leader participatory, moderate control, believes in shared responsibility, and is less efficient than autocratic?

Democratic leader

––––––––

What leader believes in free reign, has little control, abdicates responsibility, and is inefficient?

Laissez-faire leader

––––––––

What leader says goes is what style of leader?

Telling leadership style

––––––––

What leader style persuades?

Selling leader

––––––––

What leader consults group before finalizing?

Testing leader

––––––––

What leader asks group to form a solution to problem?

Consulting leader

––––––––

What leader acts as fellow member, whatever the group says goes?

Joining leader

––––––––

What two people conducted the transformational leader ship study over 20 years with 75,000 person sample asking what 7 characteristics they look for in a leader?

Kouze and posner

––––––––

What 4 actions did the transformational leadership survey find from a leader?

Model the way, inspire, challenge, encourage.

––––––––

Define stage 1 of problem process of leadership

Analysis and problem

––––––––

What event, the participants, organization, interpersonal process, and controlling factors are all variables of what?

Variables of analysis and problem id.

––––––––

Define stage 2 of problem process of leadership

Determination of action

––––––––

What stage uses decision making after considering factors, all outcomes considered, consider positive and negative outcomes, select with greatest advantage?

Determination of action

––––––––

Define stage 3 of problem process of leadership

Evaluation of action

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What stage aims to reduce subjectivity and increase objectivity through data?

Evaluation of action

––––––––

What is evaluation criteria that should be compared in the framework of a variety of issues from evaluation of action process?

Acceptance, effect, growth, order

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What concept is separate from leadership and what individuals have reciprocal and active roles?

Followership

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What trait of what individual is to make suggestions, be supportive, listen, and continue to learn?

To become a follower

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What is not leadership but has the processes of decisional, interpersonal, and informational?

Management

––––––––

What type of management of networking, conflict resolution, employee development, and rewards or punishment?

Interpersonal management

––––––––

What type of management of employee evaluation, resource allocation, planning, and job analysis and redesign?

Decisional management

––––––––

What type of management of being a spokesperson for staff and the organization, monitor activities of unit, and broadcast?

Informational management

––––––––

What type of leader assumes the individual is motivated by internal drive and wants active participation in getting the task done?

Democratic leader

––––––––

What type of leadership is based on the principles of social exchange theory?

Transactional leader

––––––––

What leader makes all of the decisions and has the authority?

Autocratic leader

––––––––

According to what leadership, leaders are developed first based upon their innate traits and their mastery of self?

Theory of connective leadership

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The nurse manager could ask the staff for input and assistance in making the vacation schedule. What leadership is what?

Participative leadership

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What is a structured way to create policies for managers with three categories?

Classical organizational theory

––––––––

What are three categories of classical organizational theory?

Scientific, administrative, and bureaucracy

––––––––

What type of chain of command is scientific and administrative management?

Top-down management

––––––––

What type of management is bureaucratic?

Hierarchy of assigned positions

––––––––

What is the leadership theory of organization and worker viewed as a whole, composed of interrelated subsystems?

General system theory

––––––––

What is the leadership theory where organization and worker are separate and it is top-down or hierarchal management?

Classical theory

––––––––

What is team management approach of decision making remaining at the administrative level or in central office?

Centralized approach of team management

––––––––

What is the team management approach of decisions made at operations away from central office, eliminates the need for levels of management?

Decentralized approach of team management

––––––––

What is the approach of management of decisions assigned to a group of co-workers who are responsible for outcomes, focused on process not tasks, and may have multiple managers?

Team approach to management

––––––––

Modern organizations are divided in subsystems or parts that comprise a whole that combines what two elements?

Social behavior and organization structure

––––––––

What are the five subsystems within an organization?

Production, supportive, maintenance, managerial, adaptive

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What subsystem is responsible for end product that classifies the organization, directs people to meet the goal, example teaching or hospital care?

Production or technologic subsystem

––––––––

What two theorists coined supportive subsystem?

Katz and Kahn

––––––––

What two theorists coined boundary spanning subsystem?

Tosi and Carroll

––––––––

What subsystem type involves environmental transaction (receiving input and disposing output) interacts outside of organization like marketing or purchasing?

Supportive or boundary spanning subsystem

––––––––

What subsystem refers to the upkeep of equipment or education of personnel to ensure proper work and up to date example con-ed?

Maintenance subsystem

––––––––

What subsystem refers to acts of controlling, coordinating people and other subsystems to meet the goal?

Managerial subsystem

––––––––

What subsystem refers to activities that ensure organization survival in a changing environment, anticipate needs, example long range planning from administration?

Adaptive subsystem

––––––––

What subsystem of groups in a network of cooperative and conflicting social relationships, achieves goals around value system, practice to regulate behavioral standard?

Social subsystem

––––––––

What are 5 interrelated components of a social sub system?

Procedures, people, purpose, work, outcome

––––––––

What force needed to meet goals and get things done, comes from influence and sources?

Power

––––––––

Who identified five power bases within an organization?

French and Raven

––––––––

French and Raven identified what five power bases?

Coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, referent power

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Raven and Kruglanski what sixth base of power?

Information power

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Hersey and Blanchard what seventh base of power?

Connection power

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What source of power that bases itself to use fear to ensure compliance like a threat?

Coercive power

––––––––

What is the source of power when a manager uses a position to give something of value to an employee, positive, like a raise?

Reward power

––––––––

What is the power source comparable to authority, subordinates respond according to leader's position?

Legitimate power

––––––––

What is the power source of superior knowledge and experience from suggestions, like clinical specialists?

Expert power

––––––––

What is the power from a leaders inspiration, personality and charisma?

Referent power

––––––––

What power source based on leaders knowledge of data that subordinates need?

Information power

––––––––

What power source from association with a powerful figure like the first lady?

Connection power

––––––––

What managing organizations maintain a balance between what two behaviors?

Cooperation and conflict

––––––––

What is the cycle of organization in which the survival is based on regular evaluation of what three elements in a cycle?

Growth stability and decline

––––––––

Most organizations find it easier to do what that is beyond their control?

Satisfy some of the goals than others

––––––––

Routine mammograms and Pap smears added to the health plan is an example of what?

Managed care system

––––––––

What is the management function that regulates activities with plans according to standards?

Controlling

––––––––

What is the management activity that assembles and synchronizes people and activities so that they function harmoniously in the attainment of organizational objectives?

Coordinating

––––––––

What is the management activity that gets work done through others by: (1) giving directions, (2) supervising, (3) leading, (4) motivating, and (5) communicating?

Directing

––––––––

What is a process with both interpersonal and technical aspects through which the objectives of an organization (or part of it) are accomplished by using resources efficiently and effectively?

Management

––––––––

What is the management function that provides the relationship between people and activities in such a way as to fulfill the organization's objectives?

Organizing

––––––––

What is the primary management function that decides in advance what needs to be done and charts the course for future action?

Planning

––––––––

What is the management activity that ensures the proper ratio of workers to work?

Staffing

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What are the organizational and professional structures that provide delivery of nursing care. They are: (1) the case method, (2) functional nursing, (3) team nursing, (4) job redesign (primary nursing), and (5) system redesign (case management)?

Systems of Nursing care delivery

––––––––

What is a systems concept described as the human environment in which people work?

Climate

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What is a term used in Vroom's theory of motivation, meaning effort-performance association?

Expectancy

––––––––

What is the level in Intentional Model of Motivation in which the individual is dissuaded and rejected?

Intentional disinviting

––––––––

What is the level in Purkey's Intentional Model of Motivation in which the individual is respected and encouraged?

Intentionally inviting

––––––––

What describes the expectation that personal needs satisfaction be a part of the employment situation; also known as type B motivation?

Macromotivation

––––––––

What describes the expectation that only work-related needs be met through employment; also known as type A motivation?

Micromotivation

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What is caused behavior; a psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction?

Motivation

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In McGregor's theory what are those characteristics that cause a person to dislike work and to be productive only through coercion?

X characteristics

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In McGregor's theory what are those characteristics that cause a person to enjoy work and to seek responsibility and challenges?

Y characteristics

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What is a staffing pattern that results from variables selected by the manager?

Descriptive methodology

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What is the staffing plan that utilizes a variety of experts to examine service-and-unit specific needs related to structure, process, and outcomes, and subsequently suggests an appropriate staffing plan?

Expert panel

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What is a staffing plan that results from techniques used by industry (e.g., time-and-motion studies)?

Industrial engineering

––––––––

What is the staffing plan that results in a staffing index based on usual managerial data?

Management engineering

––––––––

What is a measure of how efficient labor resources are used in the production of a good or service?

Productivity

––––––––

What is a measure of nursing hours per patient day?

Productivity index

––––––––

What are commodities, especially human assets, in limited quantities that allow the work of the organization to be performed?

Resources

––––––––

What represents the actual assignment of personnel by unit or department and the time of assignment?

Scheduling patterns

––––––––

What refers to the type, number, and ratio of staff necessary to perform the established work; what includes the optimum ratio of professional nurses to licensed or certified support personnel for a particular unit of patient service?

Skill mix

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What is a complex process that determines the appropriate number of nursing resources necessary to meet the workload demand for nursing care at the unit or department level?

Staffing

––––––––

What is the actual pattern of staff distribution based on an underlying methodology?

Staffing plan

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The what of nursing is determined through an assessment of the patients' severity and an estimate of the indirect and unit-based work requirements?

Workload

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What reasons for what is to focus on objectives, offset chance, gain economic operations, and control

Reasons for planning

––––––––

What is the traditional management functions: organizing establishment of hierarchy?

Vertical differentiation

––––––––

What is the traditional management functions: organizing departments and accomplishing goals through differentiation of labor?

Horizontal differentiation

––––––––

What is a type of traditional manager function of coordinating, that is concerned with hindering conflict?

Preventive managerial function

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What are the three basic elements of control?

Standards of performance, comparisons and corrective action

––––––––

Nursing requires dual management of what two issues?

Quality of care and consideration of staff and resources

––––––––

Define NARP

Nursing administration research project

––––––––

What does the NARP do?

Priorities of nursing management

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Nursing management address the managed care, change, tools, administration, interventions, informatics, and skills on what?

Patient outcomes

––––––––

Who creates and environment that facilitates quality nursing practice understanding goals, manager/employee relationship, abilities, and situations?

Responsibility of the nurse manager

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Who accomplish goals, maintain quality, motivate persuade employees, develop team, develop personnel are what type of responsibility to nurse managers?

Objectives of nurse manager

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What is earliest method of nursing management, nurses were assigned to give total care to each client and report to head nurse?

Case method

––––––––

Not all personnel may be qualified to deliver all aspects of patient care and/or too many people could report to head nurse are types of what?

Disadvantage to case method

––––––––

What nursing management method was evolved to deal with multiple levels of caregivers, care provided by task, each caregiver was assigned a task?

Functional method

––––––––

What are the disadvantages of functional method of nursing management?

Complicated coordination and fragmentation

––––––––

What was developed to deal with the influx of post-WWII workers and the head nurse overextended span of control?

Team nursing

––––––––

What did team nursing consist of?

Senior RN, RN's, LPN's, Aides, Orderlies

––––––––

What is the disadvantage of team nursing to the leader?

Team leader is directing not providing care

––––––––

What is the proper ratio of nurse: patient must be assessed, then a plan is made by the manager, then using what resource highlights variables that focus on meeting manger goals?

Management assessment guide

––––––––

What is Herzbergs two factor theory aim to do?

Tow sets of factors influence motivation

––––––––

What is Herzberg’s two factor theory of motivation where motivation factors?

Satisfiers

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What is Herzberg’s two factor theory of motivation where maintenance factors?

Dissatisfies

––––––––

What are examples of extrinsic sources of motivation?

Sick leave, salary, and vacation time

––––––––

What is an example of intrinsic sources of motivation based on the work is self fulfilling?

Worker committed to profession despite mediocre benefits

––––––––

What are four elements of positive motivation from Purkeys intentional model, being viewed as self-directed?

Optimism, respect, trust, intention

––––––––

What are four elements of negative motivation from purkeys intentional model where employees are insulted, criticized, and ignored through policies?

Dissuade, discourage, defeat, destroy

––––––––

What type of manager improves employee performance, responsibility, independence, knowledge, and capacity to change?

Facilitative manager

––––––––

What are qualities of a facilitative manager offers strength, ideas, cooperation not competition, morale, and knowledge offers benefits to what?

The organization

––––––––

What is result of chance or design of human environment in which people work and influences performance?

Climate

––––––––

What aims to improve motivation for the purpose of improving performance through goal attainment and positive climate?

Climate by design

––––––––

What climate by design that affects clients opinions with an effective nurse leader influence climate by doing what skills?

Communication, group dynamics, decision making, conflict management

––––––––

Define both a process and an outcome and expressed as either number of personnel to care for patients or how HR is used in certain setting

Staffing

––––––––

What is the determination of appropriate number of mixed personnel to meet unit workload?

Staffing process

––––––––

Define JCAHO

Joint commission on the accreditation of healthcare organizations

––––––––

What organization recommends the number of competent staff needed for client care?

JCAHO

––––––––

What is the organization recommends the focus on the level of staff competency to provide care?

ANA

––––––––

What is the function of number of patients and measure of work through patient-classification system?

Workload

––––––––

What documents client severity and care requirements that estimates the indirect unit-based work?

Patient-classification system

––––––––

What is the staffing plan where the type, number, ratio of staff necessary for established work, of optimum ratio of RN, LPN, PCA, etc.?

Skill mix

––––––––

What five factors predict skill mix per unit?

Daily trends, patient-classification, length of stay, type of health care, distribution patterns

––––––––

What method of staffing is based on subjective data based on experience and intuition?

Descriptive methodology of staffing

––––––––

What technique was developed by industry to improve productivity using task analysis, work distribution, work sampling and time/motion studies, (not reliable for nursing due to complexity)?

Industrial engineering methodology

––––––––

What technique of staffing optimizes workload by developing a staffing index model of a projection for cost-effective staffing pattern, IE industrial engineering and quality of care (successful)?

Management engineering methodology

––––––––

What method of staffing allocates resources and staff by manager’s ability to examine service, needs, process and outcomes?

Expert panel nursing staffing method

––––––––

What is composed of nurse leaders appointed by the chief executive nurse?

Expert panel nursing

––––––––

What factors are usually included per unit from the expert panel nursing method of staffing?

Patient classification, costs of care, type/available staff, quality assessment

––––––––

Who determines staffing program for the institution?

Role of administration

––––––––

How many phases of staffing program for the administrators?

Four

––––––––

What is first phase to select staffing plan from administration?

Purpose and standard of care

––––––––

What is second phase to select staffing plan from administration?

Application and determines amount and type of staff

––––––––

What is phase 3 to select staffing plan from administration?

Policies and guidelines assign staffing pattern

––––––––

What is phase 4 to select staffing plan from administration?

Analysis of staffing process

––––––––

What are rules or guidelines that provide shift coverage, ensure staff stability and incorporate flexibility and fairness in work?

Policies

––––––––

What organization dictates variety of insurance plans, safety and infection control, and quality control measures?

Regulatory policy of government

––––––––

What are professional concerns about government policies of staffing?

Mandatory overtime and staffing ratios

––––––––

What is the highest cost to a health organization besides providing benefits to employees?

Turnover and absenteeism

––––––––

What is a critical function essential to sound decision making?

Analysis

––––––––

What is a form of body relaxation that allows the harnessing of energy to overcome conflict by strengthening one's psychophysiological state and producing physical and emotional stability when confronted with conflict?

Centering

––––––––

What is an unsettling condition that causes a clash of ideas about what is expected or established?

Conflict

––––––––

What is a human quality needed to generate ideas in decision making?

Creativity

––––––––

What is a process of arriving at a conclusion after an analysis of units of related information?

Decision making process

––––––––

What are the complex conclusions derived from a set of premises that relate to a situation?

Decisions

––––––––

What is the dynamic socioemotional milieu that establishes the harmony/conflict ratio among people?

Internal climate

––––––––

What is a force within people that shapes the way in which others can function?

Power

––––––––

What is a negative force that exploits others by advancing the power wielder's interest?

Directive power

––––––––

What is a positive force that cherishes others by incorporating their values?

Synergic power

––––––––

What is an identification of the likely outcomes of a decision, given consideration of all known facts about a situation?

Predicting

––––––––

What are propositions about something that serve as bases for decisions?

Premises

––––––––

What results when a legitimate expectation has not been met?

Situational anger

––––––––

What are factors that influence a total situation?

Units

––––––––

What class of PREMISES as conserving the scarce resources the organization has at its disposal for accomplishing its task?

Criterion of efficiency

––––––––

What class of PREMIES where what mesh the sub goals of components of an organization with the goals of the whole organization that relate to a mission or purpose?

Identification

––––––––

Companies are satisfied with profits and nursing prides itself by being what?

Value driven

––––––––

good decisions are the stabilizing force in balancing what two issues?

Efficiency (resources) and service values

––––––––

What is the best possible decisions result from skills?

Critical thinking

––––––––

What causes an erosion of the general cognitive ability to cope with complexity and alters decision making?

Stress

––––––––

Decision making in nursing is teamwork and calls for what two behaviors?

Cooperation and coordination

––––––––

What is the ideal approach outcome regardless of approach to a problem?

Consensus

––––––––

What is the decision carved out of stone and are based on firm criteria within doctrine, culture, values and tradition?

Bureaucratic decision making

––––––––

What may be best in emergencies where one is in charge and controlling situation be assured of cooperation of others?

Autocratic decision

––––––––

What is decision satisfying to a group that is important from everyone’s input to be considered?

Democratic decision making

––––––––

step 1 - identify participants

Decision making model

2 - gather facts, 3 - generate decisions, 4 - predict outcome, 5 - plan for consequences, 6 -select alternative.

––––––––

What must dominate when prioritizing information while being tempered by efficiency standards?

Professional standards

––––––––

What is the  third step of decision making process is to generate as many of what as possible?

Alternative decisions

––––––––

What is the oldest creative thinking techniques involving four principles – don’t judge ideas, let mind wander, aim for quantity, hitchhike on previous ideas?

Brainstorming

––––––––

What is the knowledge of groups and how they are affected by changes is useful during what stage of decision making?

Predicting outcomes

––––––––

List of questions made by the writer to define and uncover problems, obtain facts, make decisions, or generate ideas.

Self-interrogation checklist

––––––––

Define a select group of 5 to 8 people to harness imagination in the right meeting place, to solve a specific problem of future projections

Think tank

––––––––

Define a selected group of experts react to a questionnaire expressing anonymous opinions and views. then it is analyzed and feedback is repeated until a consensus.

Delphi technique

––––––––

What is acknowledging constructive or destructive and recognizing the cues is the goal?

Managing conflict

––––––––

What behavior arises when realistic expectations are not likely met?

Situational anger

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What is the result of incompatibility of expectations produced by the system and professional standards?

Professional/bureaucratic conflict

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Define differing values toward philosophy of nursing are held by nurses who work together that interfere with teamwork.

Nurse/nurse conflict

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What is conflict spring from different expectations of each other in delivery of care. educating them together has proved to be beneficial?

Nurse/doctors conflicts

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Where nurse skill levels interfere their own expectations of standards of practice?

Personal competency gap conflict

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Define the same person fills the roles of nurse student spouse and parent all are needed within time.

Competing role conflicts

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Define nurses torn between technical care demands and the human or expressive needs of patients.

Expressive/instrumental conflicts

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Define nurse goals of care differ from patient goals of care.

Patient nurse conflicts

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What are the three needs of constructive confrontation?

Motivation, equal power, information

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Define avoiding, compromising, collaborating, accommodating and competing

Five conflict management strategies

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What is giving something to gain something in return?

Bargaining strategies

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What minimizes importance of differences where no solution is found and used to gain time?

Smoothing strategy

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Define no-win technique and swept problems under the rug where the issue is too trivial to be warranted.

Avoidance strategy

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Define one party active involvement where the other avoids or is helpless. power based conflict of win-loss and creates more problems.

Unilateral action strategy

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What are four parts of what stage is issue, power, cooperation, and communication?

Fist stage of conflict management

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Define stage two of conflict management.

Facilitative techniques

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Define stage three of conflict management.

Movement toward solution

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Define stage four of conflict management

Implement decision

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Define aspects of facilitative techniques to stage two conflict management.

Time frame, setting and position

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Define stage three conflict management states to clarify meanings, validate perceptions and summarize.

Move toward resolution

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Define in stage four of conflict management you need to identify new expectations, smooth transition, and monitor outcome.

Implement decision

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What is the communication and delegation of a new plan reorganized around priorities to manage an unexpected and untoward event?

Crisis control

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What is the quality of doing the right task correctly?

Effectiveness

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What refers to the resource utilization of doing the right task?

Efficiency

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What is an individualized approach to using time best, according to one's particular needs?

Self-management

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What is the sum of all the nonspecific biological phenomena elicited by adverse external influences. Stress may be either physical, psychological, or both?

Stress

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What is the number of seconds, minutes, hours, or days available to the nurse leader to accomplish a given task?

Time

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What is based on principles and consists of a variety of techniques