Modern Rainbow: 14 Imaginative Quilts That Play with Color
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Modern Rainbow - Rebecca Bryan
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USING THE SPECTRUM IN QUILTS
This chapter will cover some basics of color theory and show ways to manipulate colors to create a unique rainbow color story.
DEFINING THE SPECTRUM
We have all seen the spectrum. Maybe in a rainbow arcing the sky? Perhaps you studied the spectrum in school, in science or art classes. Isn’t it interesting that these diverse subjects can cover the same topic?
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Colors
Simply put, the rainbow consists of ordered colors. There are many ways to visualize the rainbow, but typically in sewing and quilting, we refer to a color wheel.
Looking at the color wheel, we see that the primary colors—blue, red, and yellow—when combined, form the secondary colors—purple (red + blue), orange (red + yellow), and green (yellow + blue). Tertiary colors—blue-purple, red-purple, red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, and blue-green—are created when a primary and secondary color blend or when two secondary colors blend.
Sprinkled throughout this book, you will find different rainbow color stories. There are classic rainbows and variations. I hope you can find some color inspiration there as well. Have fun!
Color wheel
Primary colors
Secondary colors
Tertiary colors
Warm and Cool
The rainbow is composed of warm and cool colors.
Warm colors include the energetic side of the color wheel: red, orange, yellow, and their variations. Think red lipstick and red shoes, vibrant fall leaves and fresh-squeezed orange juice, warm sunshine, and a crackling fire. Warm colors seem as though they are coming toward the viewer.
Cool colors include the more subdued colors: green, blue, purple, and their variations. Think purple tulips or a tropical beach, an iceberg or crisp blue sky, green apples or lush green grass. Cool colors seem to recede from the viewer.
Color Defined
A hue is a color.
A tint occurs when white is added to a color. Pastels are tints.
When black is added to a color, it produces a shade.
A tone results when gray is added to a color.
Chroma is the purity of a color. A color in its purest form, without black, white, or gray, possesses a high chroma.
Volume refers to how saturated in color a fabric is. A high-volume fabric is saturated with color and a low-volume fabric is very light.
WORKING WITH DIFFERENT TYPES of Fabrics
Identifying a fabric’s color is essential if we are to arrange fabrics in color order. Let’s consider hue to be the fabric’s core color and the twelve colors in the color wheel as the twelve basic hues.
We might consider the fabric shop to be our crayon box and the fabrics, our crayons. Fortunately, there is a plethora of fabric out there for us! In a well-rounded fabric stash, it’s good to have many choices within each of the twelve basic colors. Having many fabrics will give you more choices in color, tint, tone, or saturation as you choose fabrics for a rainbow quilt.
Solid-Color Fabrics
Solids are an easy basic. They are simple to arrange in color order and are widely available in many tints and shades. To make the perfect color easier to identify, manufacturers offer color cards, which show samples of each solid color offered—similar to paint chips.
Solids in color order
Single-Color Fabrics
With tone-on-white and tone-on-tone fabrics, we can easily identify the colors and sort them into color order.
Tone-on-white fabrics have a color printed on a white background.
Tone-on-white fabrics
Tone-on-tone fabrics have shades, tints, or tones of the same color. But the colors are still readily identifiable and the fabrics can be easily sorted into color order.
Tone-on-tone fabrics in color order
Multicolored Fabrics
Identifying a fabric’s color and proper spectrum placement gets trickier as additional color accents are added to it. Fabrics that have analogous colors as accents are easier to sort. Analogous colors are colors next to each other on the color wheel. Here’s an example of multicolored fabrics sorted by color.
Multicolored fabrics in color order
The addition of accent colors can make the fabric’s color read differently to the viewer. Thus, multicolored fabrics can be useful as tertiary colors that create color transitions and bring depth of color.
Multicolored fabric used as a tertiary yellow-orange
CUSTOMIZING YOUR RAINBOW
Who we are as people affects how we perceive and choose color. Whether your color sense comes naturally or has been cultivated, you have at least some color intuition. Let’s explore ways to choose colors and fabrics that bring a unique rainbow color story to a quilt.
Circular or Linear Spectrum
Does the quilt pattern call for a circular or linear spectrum? If the pattern calls for a circular spectrum, the entire spectrum will need to transition from each color to the next.
For example, Huckleberry calls for fabrics to be arranged in a circular spectrum. The tertiary colors throughout are used to carry the movement of color through the entire circle of color.
For a linear spectrum, the first and last colors don’t need a transition because they will never meet. The colors for Icarus Star can be linear. The first and last colors (purple and orange) do not meet, so no color transition is necessary between them.
Contrast
Contrast is how different the fabrics look when shown in close proximity to each other. You can increase or decrease contrast by manipulating the color, tint, shade, and tone of the fabrics. A general rule of thumb is this: To decrease contrast, use more colors or fabrics. To increase contrast, use fewer colors or fabrics.
CONTRAST WITHIN THE SPECTRUM
You can play with contrast within the spectrum. For example, Bubbles uses only five colors—red, orange, yellow, green, and blue. But to soften the contrast, I used a few different fabrics within each color.
By using more fabrics to represent the spectrum, one can almost create a seamless spectrum, as the colors gradually transition from one to another across the quilt. Rainbow Streak uses six main colors.