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Hernia, (Different Types) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Par Kenneth Kee
Hernia, (Different Types) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
Par Kenneth Kee
évaluations:
5/5 (1 évaluation)
Longueur:
116 pages
58 minutes
Description
A hernia happens when an internal part of the body pushes through an opening or weakness in the surrounding muscle or tissue wall.
What are the types of hernia?
1. Inguinal hernia
This is the most frequent type of hernia.
Males tend more likely to have inguinal hernias as they have a small tunnel in the tissues of their groins which happened when they were developing as a baby.
Tissue from the intestines can also travel into this tunnel, forming an inguinal hernia.
There are two main forms:
a. Indirect hernias, which are normally congenital and frequent in boys, and
b. Direct hernias, which are more frequent in adult men.
They can happen in both sides of the body.
2. Femoral hernia
Femoral hernia is a bulge in the upper thigh, just below the groin.
This happens when some tissue pushes through in the groin, a little lower down than where an inguinal hernia is produced.
They occur more often in women.
3. Incisional hernia
Incisional hernia can occur through a scar if the patient had abdominal surgery in the past.
4. Umbilical and para-umbilical hernias
Umbilical hernia is a bulge around the navel
It happens when some tissue pushes through the abdomen near to the navel (umbilicus)
5. Hiatal Hernia
Part of the upper stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest.
6. Richter hernia
The Richter hernia happens when only the anti-mesenteric border of the bowel protrudes through the fascial defect
7. Spigelian hernia
This rare type of abdominal wall hernia happens through a defect in the spigelian fascia defined by the lateral edge of the rectus muscle at the semi-lunar line (costal arch to the pubic tubercle)
8. Obturator hernia
This hernia passes through the obturator foramen, tracking the path of the obturator nerves and muscles.
Other hernias
1. Epiploceles - Abnormal formation of the decussations of the linea alba, resulting in a midline pattern of single anterior and posterior lines, is vulnerable to the formation of epigastric hernias.
2. Internal supra-vesical hernias probably occur from a congenital fascial deficiency.
3. Peri-hernial fasciae or muscles may be abnormally formed in lumbar hernias.
4. Inter-parietal hernias are often a creation of ectopic testicular descent.
5. Perineal Hernia - Multi-parity and age form laxity of the pelvic floor to cause perineal hernias.
Congenital abdominal wall defects
1. Omphalocele
2. Gastroschisis
3. Pentalogy of Cantrell
Hernias may occur at birth, but the bulge may not be obvious until later in life.
Some people have a family history of hernias.
Babies and children can have hernias.
It occurs when there is weakness in the abdominal wall.
Inguinal hernias are frequent in boys
Occasionally, hernias can happen due to:
1. Heavy lifting
2. Straining while using the toilet
3. Any activity that increases the pressure inside the abdomen
The doctor can normally see or feel a hernia when the patient is examined.
The patient is examined both standing and lying and is asked to cough or strain.
The doctor may insert a finger through the top of the scrotum into the external inguinal ring and feel for a lump when coughing
Surgery is the only treatment that can permanently repair a hernia.
Surgery may be more dangerous for people with serious medical disorders.
Surgery repairs the weakened abdominal wall tissue (fascia) and tightens any holes.
Most hernias are tightened with stitches and occasionally with mesh patches to close the hole.
An umbilical hernia that does not recover on its own by the time a child is 5 years old will likely need to be repaired.
A hernia can cause strangulation when too much intestine comes through the gap in the muscle or ligament and becomes squeezed.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Hernia
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Sy
À propos de l'auteur
Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 70.However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"
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Aperçu du livre
Hernia, (Different Types) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions - Kenneth Kee
Hernia,
(Different Types)
A
Simple
Guide
To
The Condition,
Diagnosis,
Treatment
And
Related Conditions
By
Dr Kenneth Kee
M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)
Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)
Copyright Kenneth Kee 2017 Smashwords Edition
Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com
Dedication
This book is dedicated
To my wife Dorothy
And my children
Carolyn, Grace
And Kelvin
This book describes Hernia, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.
(What The patient Need to Treat Hernia)
This eBook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If the patient would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.
If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.
Thank the patient for respecting the hard work of this author.
Introduction
I have been writing medical articles for my blog http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.
My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.
Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).
I then wrote an autobiolographical account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.
This autobiolographical account A Family Doctor’s Tale
was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders
into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale
on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.
From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 amazon kindle books and 200 into Smashwords.com eBooks.
Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.
For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.
The later books go into more details of medical disorders.
The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.
Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.
As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.
Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.
I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.
I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.
I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.
Chapter 1
Hernia
What is a hernia?
A hernia happens when an internal part of the body pushes through an opening or weakness in the surrounding muscle or tissue wall.
A hernia is a sac developed by the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneum).
The sac goes through an opening or weakness in the muscular layer of the abdominal wall that envelops the muscle.
This layer is called the fascia.
What are the types of hernia?
1. Inguinal hernia
This is the most frequent type of hernia.
Males tend more likely to have inguinal hernias as they have a small tunnel in the tissues of their groins which happened when they were developing as a baby.
This tunnel permitted the testicles (testes) to come down from the abdomen into the scrotum.
Tissue from the intestines can also travel into this tunnel, forming an inguinal hernia.
There are two main forms:
a. Indirect hernias, which are normally congenital and frequent in boys, and
b. Direct hernias, which are more frequent in adult men.
They can happen in both sides of the body.
2. Femoral hernia
Femoral hernia is a bulge in the upper thigh, just below the groin.
This happens when some tissue pushes through in the groin, a little lower down than where an inguinal hernia is produced.
They occur more often in women.
They tend to be smaller than inguinal hernias
3. Incisional hernia
Incisional hernia can occur through a scar if the patient had abdominal surgery in the past.
This happens when tissue pushes through a previous operation scar or wound.
They are more frequent if the patient has had a scar in the past that has not recovered well (e.g., if the wound had an infection after the surgery).
They normally happen within two years of having a surgery.
4. Umbilical and para-umbilical hernias
Umbilical hernia is a bulge around the navel.
It happens when the muscle around the navel does not close completely after birth.
These happen when some tissue pushes through the abdomen near to the navel (umbilicus).
Umbilical hernias can occur from birth and in most patients the hernia returns in and the muscles re-seal on their own before the baby is 1 year old.
They will normally be repaired if they continue beyond 5 years of age or if they
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