Metasploit Bootcamp

Metasploit Bootcamp

A fast-paced guide to enhance your pentesting skills

Nipun Jaswal

BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI

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Metasploit Bootcamp

Copyright © 2017 Packt Publishing

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First published: May 2017

Production reference: 1220517

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

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ISBN 978-1-78829-713-4

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Credits

About the Author

Nipun Jaswal is an IT security business executive and a passionate IT security researcher with more than seven years of professional experience, who possesses knowledge in all aspects of IT security testing and implementation, with expertise in managing cross-cultural teams and planning the execution of security needs beyond national boundaries.

He is an M.tech in Computer Sciences and a thought leader who has contributed to raising the bar of understanding on cyber safety and ethical hacking among students of many colleges and universities in India. He is a voracious public speaker and talks about improving IT security, insider threats, social engineering, wireless forensics, and exploit writing. He is the author of numerous IT security articles with modern security magazines such as Eforensics, Hakin9, Security Kaizen, and many more. Many famous companies, such as Apple, Microsoft, AT&T, Offensive Security, Rapid7, Blackberry, Nokia, www.zynga.com, and many others have thanked him for finding vulnerabilities in their systems. He has also been acknowledged with the Award of Excellence from the National Cyber Defense and Research Center (NCDRC) for his tremendous contributions to the IT security industry.

In his current profile, he leads a team of super specialists in cyber security to protect various clients from cyber security threats and network intrusion by providing permanent solutions and services. Please feel free to contact him via e-mail at mail@nipunjaswal.info.

At the very first, I would like to thank everyone who read the Mastering Metasploit first and second edition. I would like to thank my mother for being a source of inspiration throughout my life. I would like to thank my team of superheroes including Adhokshaj Mishra for carrying out smooth operations and helping me out while I was working on this. I am thankful to Shivam, Deepankar, and Tajinder for not letting me feel stressed out by planning amazing trips. I would like to thank Mr. Adrian Pruteanu for reviewing my work and suggesting all the changes. I would like to thank everyone at Packt including Prachi, Namrata, and especially Trusha for being incredibly supportive, patient and responsive even on weekends. Last but not the least; I would like to thank the almighty for providing me with the immense power to work on this project.

About the Reviewer

Adrian Pruteanu is a senior consultant who specializes in penetration testing and reverse engineering. With over 10 years of experience in the security industry, Adrian has provided services to all major financial institutions in Canada, as well as countless other companies around the world. You can find him on Twitter as @waydrian, or on his seldom updated blog, bittherapy.net.

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In the loving memory of my beloved pet, my boy, Bruno

- Nipun Jaswal

Table of Contents

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

Getting Started with Metasploit

Setting up Kali Linux in a virtual environment

The fundamentals of Metasploit

Basics of Metasploit Framework

Architecture of Metasploit

Metasploit Framework console and commands

Benefits of using Metasploit

Penetration testing with Metasploit

Assumptions and testing setup

Phase-I: footprinting and scanning

Phase-II: gaining access to the target

Phase-III: maintaining access / post-exploitation / covering tracks

Summary and exercises

Identifying and Scanning Targets

Working with FTP servers using Metasploit

Scanning FTP services

Modifying scanner modules for fun and profit

Scanning MSSQL servers with Metasploit

Using the mssql_ping module

Brute-forcing MSSQL passwords

Scanning SNMP services with Metasploit

Scanning NetBIOS services with Metasploit

Scanning HTTP services with Metasploit

Scanning HTTPS/SSL with Metasploit

Module building essentials

The format of a Metasploit module

Disassembling existing HTTP server scanner modules

Libraries and the function

Summary and exercises

Exploitation and Gaining Access

Setting up the practice environment

Exploiting applications with Metasploit

Using db_nmap in Metasploit

Exploiting Desktop Central 9 with Metasploit

Testing the security of a GlassFish web server with Metasploit

Exploiting FTP services with Metasploit

Exploiting browsers for fun and profit

The browser autopwn attack

The technology behind a browser autopwn attack

Attacking browsers with Metasploit browser_autopwn

Attacking Android with Metasploit

Converting exploits to Metasploit

Gathering the essentials

Generating a Metasploit module

Exploiting the target application with Metasploit

Summary and exercises

Post-Exploitation with Metasploit

Extended post-exploitation with Metasploit

Basic post-exploitation commands

The help menu

Background command

Machine ID and the UUID command

Networking commands

File operation commands

Desktop commands

Screenshots and camera enumeration

Advanced post-exploitation with Metasploit

Migrating to safer processes

Obtaining system privileges

Changing access, modification, and creation time with timestomp

Obtaining password hashes using hashdump

Metasploit and privilege escalation

Escalating privileges on Windows Server 2008

Privilege escalation on Linux with Metasploit

Gaining persistent access with Metasploit

Gaining persistent access on Windows-based systems

Gaining persistent access on Linux systems

Summary

Testing Services with Metasploit

Testing MySQL with Metasploit

Using Metasploit's mysql_version module

Brute-forcing MySQL with Metasploit

Finding MySQL users with Metasploit

Dumping the MySQL schema with Metasploit

Using file enumeration in MySQL using Metasploit

Checking for writable directories

Enumerating MySQL with Metasploit

Running MySQL commands through Metasploit

Gaining system access through MySQL

The fundamentals of SCADA

Analyzing security in SCADA systems

The fundamentals of testing SCADA

SCADA-based exploits

Implementing secure SCADA

Restricting networks

Testing Voice over Internet Protocol services

VoIP fundamentals

Fingerprinting VoIP services

Scanning VoIP services

Spoofing a VoIP call

Exploiting VoIP

About the vulnerability

Exploiting the application

Summary and exercises

Fast-Paced Exploitation with Metasploit

Using pushm and popm commands

Making use of resource scripts

Using AutoRunScript in Metasploit

Using the multiscript module in the AutoRunScript option

Global variables in Metasploit

Wrapping up and generating manual reports

The format of the report

The executive summary

Methodology/network admin-level report

Additional sections

Summary and preparation for real-world scenarios

Exploiting Real-World Challenges with Metasploit

Scenario 1: Mirror environment

Understanding the environment

Fingerprinting the target with DB_NMAP

Gaining access to vulnerable web applications

Migrating from a PHP meterpreter to a Windows meterpreter

Pivoting to internal networks

Scanning internal networks through a meterpreter pivot

Using the socks server module in Metasploit

Dumping passwords in clear text

Sniffing a network with Metasploit

Summary of the attack

Scenario 2: You can't see my meterpreter

Using shellcode for fun and profit

Encrypting the shellcode

Creating a decoder executable

Further roadmap and summary

Preface

Penetration testing is the one necessity required everywhere in business today. With the rise of cyber and computer-based crime in the past few years, penetration testing has become one of the core aspects of network security and helps in keeping a business secure from internal as well as external threats. The reason that makes penetration testing a necessity is that it helps in uncovering the potential flaws in a network, a system, or application. Moreover, it helps in identifying weaknesses and threats from an attacker's perspective. Various potential flaws in a system are exploited to find out the impact they can cause to an organization, and the risk factors to the assets as well. However, the success rate of