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Ithihaasa: The Mystery of His Story Is My Story of History
Ithihaasa: The Mystery of His Story Is My Story of History
Ithihaasa: The Mystery of His Story Is My Story of History
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Ithihaasa: The Mystery of His Story Is My Story of History

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Dr. Singh: [Science] says that the different species were not created simultaneously, but evolved gradually. ...I came across a statement in the Bhagavad-Gita to the effect that all 8,400,000 species of living entities are created simultaneously. Is that correct?

Srila Prabhupada: Yes. Living beings move from one bodily form to another. The forms already exist. The living entity simply transfers himself just as a man transfers himself from one apartment to another. One apartment is first-class, another is second class, and another is third-class. Suppose a person comes from a lower class apartment to a first-class apartment, the person is the same, but now, according to his capacity for payment, or karma, he is able to occupy a higher-class apartment. Real evolution does not mean physical development, but the development of Consciousness. Do you follow? ...The apartment already exists, however it is not the lower-class apartment that becomes the higher class apartment. That is Darwins nonsensical theory. He would say that the apartment has become high-class. Modern scientists think that life has come from matter. They say that millions and millions of years ago there was simply matter, but no life. We do not accept that. Of the two energies - life and matter - life, or spirit is the original superior energy and matter is the resultant inferior energy. Spirit is independent and matter is dependent....

Dr. Singh: All that you have been saying completely contradicts Darwins theory of evolution.

Srila Prabhupada: Darwin and his followers are rascals. If, originally, there were no higher species, why do they exist now? Also, why do the lower species still exist? For example, at the present moment, we see both the intellectual person and the foolish ass. Why do both these entities exist simultaneously? Why hasnt the ass form evolved upwards and disappeared? Why do we never see a monkey giving birth to a human? In Bhagavad-Gita ... the word yantra, or machine, means that in any species of life, we are traveling in bodies that are like machines provided by material nature.
LanguageEnglish
Release dateJan 29, 2013
ISBN9781477242735
Ithihaasa: The Mystery of His Story Is My Story of History

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    Ithihaasa - Bhaktivejanyana Swami

    © 2013 by Bhaktivejanyana Swami. All rights reserved.

    No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.

    Published by AuthorHouse 01/23/2013

    ISBN: 978-1-4772-4272-8 (sc)

    ISBN: 978-1-4772-4273-5 (e)

    Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.

    Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.

    Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.

    Unless otherwise stated, maps are drawn by author; picture sources are from author’s private collection.

    Contact: bhaktivejanyana@gmail.com

    Contents

    Preface

    Introduction

    PART ONE

    The Complicated bits; Intelligent Design

    PART TWO

    The Interesting bits—Pygmy meets Giganto

    PART THREE

    Our super-great granddaddy, Ramapithicus the Giant

    PART FOUR

    Interesting finds

    PART FIVE

    The really interesting stuff

    PART SIX

    Early Africa

    PART SEVEN

    Petroglyphs, Cave art and Geoglyphs

    PART EIGHT

    How the West was born

    PART EIGHT—B

    Further evidence and facts

    PART NINE

    Cremation—an answer to the mystery surrounding the

    minimal human fossil records

    PART TEN

    Touching on Indian pre-history and the rise of the Arya

    PART ELEVEN

    Indians on the move

    PART TWELVE

    The place in the middle—between East and

    West Maha = makha = mecca

    PART THIRTEEN

    With steel; they stole

    PART FOURTEEN

    Early migrations . . . the kafirs from Kush

    PART FIFTEEN

    Judaism + Christianity + Islam = Buddhism

    PART SIXTEEN

    The ‘indu Kush

    PART SEVENTEEN

    Meet the Kafirs

    PART EIGHTEEN

    Links with Africa . . . via . . . Egypt

    PART EIGHTEEN B

    Continued contacts

    PART NINETEEN

    Hindu Egypt

    PART TWENTY

    An Introduction to Sans-kruti

    PART TWENTY-ONE

    Cultural Links with Egypt—From Pondichery to Punt

    PART TWENTY-TWO

    Aryan migration . . . exploring central Europe while pushing westwards

    PART TWENTY-THREE

    The uprising of the West and the skirmishes of Iskander

    PART TWENTY-THREE B

    A glimpse at Greek culture

    PART TWENTY-FOUR

    Philosophy—Life, death and reincarnation . . .

    Issa-Krista meets Buddha

    PART TWENTY-FIVE

    Religious traditions filters outwards

    PART TWENTY-SIX

    Christianity finds its way into the interior

    PART TWENTY-SEVEN

    Philosophy and Science . . . spread throughout the world

    PART TWENTY-EIGHT

    A brief look at pre-colonial India

    PART TWENTY-NINE

    The surprising bits—The Case for Ancient Flight

    PART TWENTY-NINE B

    The strange skulls

    PART THIRTY

    The Meeting of East and West in Ancient Times—

    The Asian Way of Life

    PART THIRTY-ONE

    Chinna = small—People or kingdom?

    PART THIRTY-TWO

    The Missionaries arrive

    PART THIRTY-THREE

    Ocean Travelers

    PART THIRTY-FOUR

    Hindu Civilizations of Austronesia and South East Asia

    PART THIRTY-FIVE

    Monuments of the Gods—As it is in Heaven

    PART THIRTY-SIX

    The Underworld

    PART THIRTY-SEVEN

    The Americas

    PART THIRTY-EIGHT

    Rediscovery

    PART THIRTY-NINE

    A summary

    PART FORTY

    History of war

    PART FORTY-ONE

    . . . Final words

    PART FORTY—TWO

    The Herb was called ganjika in Sanskrit—Another take on History

    PART FORTY-THREE

    A fresh look at Philosophy

    PART FORTY-FOUR

    Random excerpts from the Srimad Bhagavatam-trans. Srila Prabhupada

    Bibliography

    To Mum and Dad . . . Manormanie Naidoo

    and Bungar Shashiah Naidoo,

    Thank you for allowing me, to be me.

    Compiled by Bhaktivejanyana Swami, under the guidance of His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami

    Srimad Bhagavatam—Canto 2. Ch. 4. Text 25. (p)—As soon as Brahmaa was born . . . he was impregnated with Vedic knowledge and therefore he is known as veda-garbha, or Vedantist from the embryo, so that it was possible for him to create.

    . . . Brahmaa, on being questioned by Narada, told Narada exactly what he had heard directly from the Lord. Narada then told exactly the same thing to Vyasa, and Vyasa also told Sukadev Goswami. . . . This is the way of Vedic understanding. The language of the Vedas can be revealed only by the abovementioned disciplic succession.

    Preface

    A lbeit my idea, I have at times used the words of many others to express the concept and although countless scholars have spoken on this subject, it had still lain in a myriad of broken parts, strewn across the pages of history.

    Having assimilated the information presented, like pieces of a beautiful puzzle, I realized that when put together made up a most spectacular picture, revealing the tapestry of colors and fine lines, drawing an awesome mental image of a fantastic yet lost history.

    Many have been baffled by the sheer quantity of the given pieces however, yet they have tried their best in their attempt to assemble the picture within the correct format.

    The story is mine, although the words are occasionally borrowed.

    As a child, I watched the process and the gradual development and failures of some of the great minds in modern times [within the past two thousand years], I was privileged to be able to question the techniques and methodology applied and even more fortunate to be answered by none other than those very same persons who are Masters in their respected fields.

    Magnificent and other-worldly tales that are contained in their books and manuscripts with accounts of fabulous stories and tantalizing tidbits, illustrated their take of the puzzle. I have also found neglected pieces and discarded bits by others, in favor of suiting the puzzle to a mass audience, thereby mis-taking facts and creating a delusion.

    As I learned, I gathered and accumulated the many fragments.

    And thus, after many years of studying the works of the Masters, I have been commissioned to present this—Ithihaasa.

    Though there may sometimes be repetitions of some facts, it serves to keep the pace.

    Under the strict tutelage, guidance and direction of the Headmaster, His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, the following has been compiled.

    This is now my humble rendition of what the Ancients have been saying through various methods, woven into a water-tight and cohesive picture where every piece of the puzzle is scrutinized into presenting the reality.

    Deliberate on this fully.

    Effectively, what I discovered is that, we as humans have an Ancient and splendid past of glorious and supreme achievements. Much of this past is enveloped in the hoary mists of time, but some have been captured by the ancients as a picture into their reality, ultimately revealing more of the world that we have inherited.

    Encapsulated in rock carvings and megalithic monuments are the records of an amazing civilization, that predates our current assumptions of History.

    For a clearer and more concise record of this brilliance, one needs to look at evidence in context with records left behind, in the form of the Vedas, for the Vedic culture is indeed that forerunner of this modern world. Written in these amazing works, we find a masterpiece, expounding on all aspects of human life right up to death and beyond. The core concepts of human reincarnation and rebirth, is of major importance to unlocking the mystery that surrounds the Truth in a ‘hazy veil’. [Consider: The Buddhist; Egyptian; Mayan; European (Druidic) and Hindu ‘Book of the Dead’.]

    As a starting point, I chose to relook at the story related in the Ramayana, a classic Sanskrit work that speaks of a time when man was already highly civilized and shared the Earth with other races that were of a superior quality. Sages and mystics, with the race of the Vanaaras and previously, Beings with superhuman powers and abilities that bordered on Divine, chose to undertake the task of recording their age, for a very valid reason—Kali Yuga.

    Celebrating Diwali (the Hindu ‘Festival of Lights’), like with all Hindus around the world [and on all the Celestial planets], is indeed a time of great festivity and joys and many wonderful treats. In this environment, I was taught to respect and glorify the image of Hanuman, the ‘monkey-like’ Vanaara and personal servant of Lord Raam. A perfect man, was Lord Ram and a perfect Devotee was Shri Hanuman and together they represented and epitomized all of Vedic culture, related to Honor and Duty.

    But something was wrong. I couldn’t reconcile what I was taught at home with what was being taught at school.

    From Africa to Mesopotamia, the seat of all civilization and from there come the Egyptians and Greek and Romans and Europe was born . . . all this within a timeframe of a mere 5-6 thousand years.

    And concurrently, in geography classes at school, I was told that Earth was billions of years old.

    Now something really was amiss!

    And so began my quest to uncover this mystery. Somewhere in the annals of time, lay the Truth.

    The story I discovered, under all the dust of academia’s nonsense, utterly stunned me!

    Srimad Bhagavatam—1.4.16. Once upon a time, the great sage [Vyaasadev] saw anomalies in the duties of the millennium. This happens on Earth in different ages, due to unseen forces in the course of time.

    1.14.24. Thus the great sage Vyaasadev, who is very kind to the ignorant masses, edited the Vedas so that they might be assimilated by less intellectual men.

    At that time, the Vanaaras were rightful ‘keepers of Earth’ and they had lived alongside man—yet man was certainly the inferior.

    The Vaanaras, seeing that Time was moving towards a dark side and that they were not suitably adapted to the fast approaching change, thus understanding that man will survive the oncoming catastrophe, due to better adaptability, chose to record the world as they saw and understood it.

    This race of Vanaaras, that preceded mankind’s arrival on the scene, had achieved a wonderful height in development and we have today, them to thank for the wonders of the Ancient world and its megalithic culture.

    Considering that the lifespan of said race was also very long according to the Vedic understanding of timescales, it is not difficult to comprehend the reason they could accomplish such wondrous tasks. Since the average lifespan exceeded many thousands of years, they were better able to observe the finer workings of the stars and its revolutions relative to Earth and its journey through space.

    The key to understanding this phenomenon is also revealed in the records, in that it speaks of the fundamental to all life, Consciousness and the relationship with Reincarnation.

    The ancients left for us, none other than themselves, a message with a purpose in mind.

    Reincarnation meant that ultimately it is themselves that would be reborn and therefore since Kali Yuga would be in play, they / we would not be able to remember the reason for existence and the purpose of life.

    The reason for existence was regarded as a play and interaction of the Divine in its material manifestation.

    The purpose of life was to enjoy on behalf of That, that had manifested and not consider the individual spark to be as powerful as the fire.

    We are the ancients and we left for ourselves a detailed account of our brilliance. Flying machines, powerful spacecrafts and many other spectacular monuments exposed through newer methods of research and modern techniques that explore far more precise and accurate information.

    The Vanaaras saw themselves going extinct as a ‘species’, so they devised a most brilliant scheme to remind themselves / us . . . of the path that leads to enlightenment and ‘total recall’.

    As it was understood, the onset of Kali-Yuga was to bring with it the fall of ‘Intellect’ into the quagmire of ignorance; thereby diminishing the expression of ‘human’ Consciousness.

    Yoga, was the mechanics encoded into the greater organization of the Universe right down to the finest gears that control our lives as humans. The Cosmos itself is contained within the body that it inhabits . . . including our own . . . from the stars to the very Earth we live on. How the sun works . . . evaporating water . . . creates high and low pressures, inducing cloud formation and thence rain which in turn nourishes the plants that in turn draw up the water through complex and mind-boggling processes and how sunlight is trapped in plants, that are then consumed to rejuvenate the human body.

    The very atoms are alive!

    We are but a byproduct of this gargantuan machine. It is for us to play our part as cogs and gears, towards the grand scheme and cycle of life. As humanity, all we do reflects on and reacts with our surroundings. We are keepers of a secret and guardians of its reality.

    Consciousness is the secret and Truth is its reality.

    The chakras within all of creation are wheels that link the All to the Oneness. The entire Macrocosm resonates and reverberates with the original sound, itself contained in the atomic Jiva (spirit-soul).

    In Kali Yuga the tendencies of ‘man’, as they, the Ancients, envisioned, would be polluted into a perverted reflection of his True Self. Lust will become the reason and purpose of being. The dark time of Kali would bring with it the downfall of Intellect in favor of the false ego.

    Man will regard the Earth as nothing but a piece of rock floating in space and Consciousness would have diminished into ignorance—a condition where we / they would be in total forgetfulness of the Oneness.

    What a fabulous plan they conceived of . . . Sanskrit. A machine coded language that in itself is the height of sophistication. In it and with it, they recorded our past and their future.

    Energy, they said, is Eternal, never created nor destroyed!

    ‘Never was there a time when I did not exist, nor you, nor all these kings. Nor in the future shall any of cease to be’—Bhagavad Gita.

    With this in mind, we can now understand so much more of the mysteries that have shrouded our past.

    At age fifteen, this was my version of this same story. [Once upon a Time . . . ]

    A long, long time ago [app. 1, 2 million years . . . or so], there lived a Queen called Sita and a King called Raamachandra, embodiment of the Divine Consciousness, whose mission it was to eradicate certain individuals that had accrued more information that was necessary for the age, specifically the demoniac.

    After this accomplishment, as He was leaving this planet, He spoke these words to His foremost devotee, Hanuman, ‘Reside where my Name is recited . . . [and] Wait for My return, I shall re-advent Myself as Krishna, the eighth Son of the Maiden Devaki. In the interim, go out and populate this planet’.

    And so it came to be . . . that all those who remained after the final war between Lord Raam and the demon Ravana, went forth in their huge numbers by boats, via land routes and by air to various parts of Earth.

    Much of the greatness already, of that era, had deteriorated substantially. Man was moving towards the eventual. As they migrated over this Mother Earth, they caused to erect great monuments that marked Celestial years.

    Pyramids in Egypt, Mexico, Cambodia; Temples in India and every other part of the world, was erected to specifically measure Time, before and awaiting the Second Coming. And so ends the Ramayan.

    From Easter Island to Great Britain, from Hawaii to China, people were eagerly, though patiently, lying in wait, for Krishna was to return.

    Obsessed with the Celestial patterns, they measured the steady march of Time.

    ‘The stars and Nature Herself rejoiced on that day’. Yet not without a hint of sadness. . . . Kali Yuga had also partially arrived. [The Battle of Kurukshetra loomed ominously.]

    The last of all those that remained from the ‘Ancient times’ was to be wiped out. Nothing that spoke of greatness and power remained. Even if one of the great heroes of antiquity were to survive into the age of Kali, there would be horrendous consequences—a dictator tenfold, to say the least.

    Krishna is the cure. His arrival was the point when all those that sought to lord it over Nature, saw the signs that spoke of their demise. Adharma [deeds without morals and ethics] was rampant.

    Kurukshetra, organized and orchestrated by Him, was nothing more than an excuse to cause the final breakdown of all past grandeur. Kings from all over the globe, heeded the call of the Emperor when battle was inevitable.

    Duryodhana, the Mighty Emperor was to fall. Evil stalked him day and night. It ate at him, until finally he declared war on his brother Yudhistra, the ‘pillar of Dharma’—a war of the world ensued—Kurukshetra.

    In the midst of this war, Sri Krishna speaks the Immortal ‘Bhagavad Gita’.

    ‘Where there is Sri Krishna . . . there surely will be Victory’.

    Leaving only women and children behind, the men and warriors came forward from across the globe, like moths to a flame, perishing one by one at Kurukshetra. The entire Mahabharat is a document that details this very same subject.

    All that survived were the stories by the children, women and old wives tales, which slowly overtook the Truth.

    Srimad Bhagavatam—Canto 1. Ch. 15. Text 36. ‘When the Personality of Godhead, Lord Krishna, left this earthly planet in His self-same form, from that very day, Kali, who had already partially appeared, became fully manifest to create inauspicious conditions for those who are endowed with a poor fund of knowledge’.

    Canto 1. Ch. 17. Text 38. ‘. . . to reside in places where gambling, drinking, prostitution and animal slaughter were performed. . . . wherever there is gold (money) there is also falsity, intoxication, lust, envy, and enmity’.

    It is interesting to note that all over the (modern) world, new spiritual centres have sprung up, moving towards self realization, towards a search for Enlightenment, by means of contemplation, introspective thinking and meditation. The most forceful impetus for promoting such an internalization of religion has always come from and continues to come from, the East, primarily from India.

    Western man must now reorient himself in the most literal sense of the word—turn towards the Eastern dawn. The Orient is the origin and source of our experience of the inner realm.

    Now the onus remains on my part, to prove this story is what I propose it to be. I have used the words of countless other historians and researchers to substantiate my reasoning.

    Ramayan [the story of Sri SitaRaam] and Mahabharat [the story of Sri RadhaKrishna]—within context, these two Ithihaasas perfectly coincide with archaeology and fossil remains to re-address what we know of as History.

    We were, we are and we always will be.

    Srimad Bhagavatam—Canto 5. Ch. 14. Text 29. ‘The personal weapon used by Lord Krishna, the disc, is called Hari-chakra, the ‘Disc of Hari’. This chakra is the Wheel of Time. It expands from the beginning of the atoms up to the time of Brahma’s death, and it controls all activities. . . . It is impossible to check this wheel of time. This wheel is very exacting’.

    image001.jpg

    Introduction

    B hagavad Gita. 4.2. ‘This supreme science was thus received through the chain of disciplic succession, and the saintly kings understood it in that way. But in course of time the succession was broken, and therefore the science as it is, appears to be lost’.

    Startling discoveries have shocked the modern scientific world in the recent years, challenging the tenets of mainstream academia.

    Using advanced technology to research and establish correct dates, has revealed some rather interesting information about Earth’s Ancient past, rising Phoenix-like to re-write the history books that was once fraught with inconsistencies that Academia had been force feeding to the masses in the form of educated opinions and guesswork.

    Modern anthropologists merely imitate old information paradigms, as though it is a direct revelation from Heaven, albeit riddled with contradictions.

    Even now, there has been some dramatic and very significant evidence that spears great gaping holes in the current standing theory of evolution that had been put forth so many years ago; thereby disputing our accepted historical chronology and the presumed date given for the mass extinction of dinosaurs.

    A variety of strange and unusual artefacts by an unknown technology found at various locations on Earth are re-defining the records of our past—amazing monuments that have stood the test of time and great cities built with unerring accuracy that now lie submerged by the oceans, irrefutably dismantle the Academic presentation of history.

    Included in these finds are smaller and lesser known discoveries that have caused a major upheaval in the annals of academia. Regarded as out-of-place-artefacts (ooparts), they convey a picture of man’s Ancient past and his brilliance in the usage of spectacular tools.

    These sometimes strange occurrences are easily dismissed as simple curios, yet evidence clearly show machine worked artifacts.

    Some reports have suggested that due to total negligence and irresponsibility, many of said artefacts have been disposed of by so-called authorities, before they made controversial headlines.

    The Institutes involved in such gross acts of closed-mindedness, deliberately seek to misinform the public.

    It is often said, ‘If rules must be bent and evidence dismissed in order to make a theory work, then quite obviously the theory is wrong!’

    Still, there are researchers that are seriously endeavoring to bring these discrepancies to light and provide evidence to contradict what we are being taught as fact; a painful and time-consuming task, it serves in raising many questions and answers about the reality of ‘who we are’.

    Evidence that may now at last force us to re-adjust our mindset and radically rethink the way we have viewed the Earth Mother, our history and ultimately, our future.

    How can there be Ancient maps that accurately show the Antarctic coast and continent free from ice, hundreds of years before it was even discovered?

    How can Ancient Indian texts contain scores of pages of complicated flight manuals

    How could people in Ancient times have moved 1000 ton blocks of stone?

    How could the Mayans have built those gap free Megalithic Fortresses?

    What are the implications associated with the finding of Dwarika, the legendary city of Sri Krishna?

    Many more such questions still remain unanswered with no shortage of theories being put forward, suggesting mythical Gods, alien invasions, armies of a slave workforce . . . and other wilder and far-fetched fantasies.

    The age old adage of ‘to know where one is going, one must first know from whence one came’—using the past as an indicator to the future, is a good way of measuring progression, or regression.

    Indeed there are many records and evidence clearly showing, that the Ancients were fully aware of and possessed detailed information concerning certain anomalies on Earth due to regular and predictable Cosmic induced cataclysms and that they based their entire culture thereon.

    With accurate and meticulous scrutiny of the world around us, our ancestors built monuments to a degree of perfection in alignment and construction.

    It is remarkable that they could have acquired such an immense database of information without the modern instruments that we use today and it is almost inconceivable that they could have performed and accomplished such mind-boggling feats.

    When we take into consideration that the Heavens above is an incredibly sophisticated and complex mechanism, the Ancients’ knowledge of it is somewhat astounding, for even if one were to stand under the night sky for an entire lifetime, it is not possible to see things like planets as different from stars and to understand equinoxes and solstices, let alone precessional cycles and astronomical distances by merely observing the ‘little dots up there’—(precession is the result of a slow axial wobble the Earth maintains as it travels around the sun).

    So, how could that possibly be? This fact alone presents substantial evidence that our history may not be really what it seems.

    When Ancient myths and legends are revisited and corroborated with each other, it is difficult to imagine them as being fantasy, with so much hard physical evidence available to disprove what we are being indoctrinated with as education.

    It begs the question; Is Academia so stupid, or are they just delaying and dallying with time for the opportune moment before telling it like it is? And the debate rages on.

    Meanwhile, it is becoming abundantly clear that man, Earth and the Cosmos are intertwined as one entity, bound through one history.

    The question was posed by scholar Zechariah Sitchin in this manner: If life indeed began through a series of spontaneous and random chemical events, as evolution and science has so far surmised, then why is it that all life on Earth stems from a single source and not from a myriad of different sources that were each arrived at by chance? And most importantly, why does life on Earth contain so few of the chemical elements that can be found in abundance on the Earth, yet so many others that are in fact, celestial elements?

    At a time when Academia was struggling to contend with the then accepted ‘Creationist’ world view of events, the timely release of Darwin’s theory of evolution in his work the ‘Origin of Species’, provided the way out. Although every bit as grossly exaggerated as the dogmatic creationists view, nonetheless it allowed the scientists some ground to stand on, defining evolution as being the very core to life as we know it.

    Unfortunately, we are now being controlled by those very same Academics that have taken up the mantle to filter information to the public and getting to the bottom of the muck to reveal the Truth, is indeed a daunting task—for it means a re-writing of all the history books and defamation of all those students of Academia’s regurgitation.

    Attempting to explain a new paradigm to mainstream thought is as difficult as a fish swimming backwards, perilous to say the least!

    To present a theory in any other way within Academia is simply inviting immediate rejection under a barrage of scathing criticism. This authoritarian system of excruciating ‘peer review’ has always been an effective way of keeping independent thinkers among the orthodox science community out of the public information loop. Trying to explain to them the absurdities of this paradoxical argument, can sometimes be futile.

    So, 150 years later from the first revelation by Darwin and still we are at point zero, with the glaring absence of evidence to corroborate the idea of a ‘missing link’ sorely needed to prove Darwin right.

    It must surely be a difficult process and a dilemma for someone set within unrealistic parameters of Academia to accept the fact that they are being lied to, where all new information is analyzed and reanalyzed and further dissected to fit into the given standard—or else conveniently discarded.

    However, in spite of this vast information filtering system that is in place, it is becoming increasingly clear that when properly scrutinized, nothing about evolution makes any logical sense at all really.

    Glaring and fatal flaws in the grand theory of evolution hasn’t stopped Academia from insisting on the current paradigm as being the absolute . . . although as obsolete as the notion that the Earth is flat and the stars revolve around us.

    It is fascinating to note the sheer disdain and lack of professionalism, in the sense of duty to the public, by continuously professing the misguided theory as fact in the face of mounting evidence to the contrary.

    Taking into account recent studies of the Genome factor and the extreme difference between man and ape, it becomes apparent that it is not genetically possible for man to ever evolve from primates.

    Consider that between the arrival of Australopithecus and the appearance of Neanderthal a period of about 2,900,000 years passed. Then about 35,000 years ago modern man suddenly arrived on the scene.

    Surely there must be some questions about what we were doing for so long that we never saw the need to develop great cities and art and why there was no real advancement in all of that time.

    Unrealistic and too convenient and the time frame is non-compliant for the theory of evolution to be substantiated.

    Lloyd Pye covers these topics quite extensively in ‘Human Origins’—For example a popular statistic that is presented to us to back up evolution is the fact that the DNA of humans differs from chimpanzee DNA by as little as 1% and from gorillas by only 2%.

    This makes it appear to those who are uneducated in the science of genetics, that evolution is quite obviously correct and humans and primates are virtually cousins. However, what they never seem to mention is that the human DNA tree has three billion base pairs and so 1% of this is in fact, 30 million base pairs.

    Now, 30 million base pairs is, in reality, a tremendous amount of difference between the two species by any measure. And of course with Gorillas, that would be 60 million base pairs.

    Primates also suffer from very few genetic disorders apart from perhaps Albinism, which is a gene common in a variety of animals groups, including humans. By way of comparison, humans have over 4000 genetic disorders; several that will most definitely kill absolutely every victim!

    So, are we asked to believe that these disorders manifested in our evolution to create a ‘higher and more improved species’?

    One of the most undeniable and obvious differences of all, between the species, can also be found in the fact that primates have 48 chromosomes yet humans, who are considered to be vastly superior to them in the evolutionary chain, have only 46 chromosomes!

    So, how in the world could we just lose two full chromosomes in this ‘evolutionary improvement process’ we are supposed to have undergone?

    Two full chromosomes is a serious lot of DNA to just disappear!

    Primates, even small monkeys, are also much stronger than humans, in fact on a pound for pound ratio, about 5 to ten times stronger. If we really evolved from primates, then, apart from losing chromosomes, how did we also become so puny and weak compared to our ‘ancestors’ in this ‘improvement’ process?

    The list goes on!

    It is well explained in an article by Lloyd Pye in which he made the following observations:

    Human bones are far lighter than any primate bones or Neanderthal or any other so called ‘ancestral’ species.

    Body Hair: Primates need not worry about direct exposure to sunlight because they are covered from head to toe in a distinctive pattern of long body-hair. Because they are quadrupeds (move on all fours), the thickest hair is on their back, the thinnest on the chest and abdomen. Humans have lost the all-over pelt and we have completely switched our area of thickness to the chest and abdomen while wearing the thin part on our back.

    Fat: Humans have ten times as many fat cells attached to the underside of their skin as primates. If a primate is wounded by a gash or tear in the skin, when the bleeding stops the wound’s edges lie flat near each other and can quickly close the wound by a process called ‘contracture’. In humans, the fat layer is so thick that it pushes up through wounds and makes contracture difficult if not impossible. Also, contrary to the propaganda to try to explain this oddity, the fat under human skin does not compensate for the body hair we have lost. Only in water is its insulating capacity useful; in air, it is minimal at best.

    Head Hair: All primates have head hair that grows to a certain length and then stops. Human head hair grows to such lengths that it could be dangerous in a primitive situation. Thus, we have been forced to cut our head hair since we became a species, which may account for some of the sharp flakes of stones that are considered primitive hominid ‘tools’.

    Fingernails and Toenails: All primates have fingernails and toenails that grow to a certain length and then stop, never needing paring. Human fingernails and toenails have always needed paring. Again, maybe those stone ‘tools’ were not only for butchering animals.

    Skull: The human skull is nothing like the primate skull. There is hardly any fair morphological comparison to be made, apart from the general parts being the same. Their design and assembly are so radically different as to make attempts at comparison useless.

    Brains: The comparison here is even more radical because human brains are so vastly different. (To say ‘improved’ or ‘superior’ is unfair and not germane, because primate brains work perfectly well for what primates have to do to live and reproduce).

    Locomotion: The comparison here is easily as wide as the comparison of brains and skulls. Humans are bipedal; primates are quadrupeds. That says more than enough.

    Speech: Human throats are completely redesigned relative to primate throats. The larynx has dropped to a much lower position, so humans can break typical primate sounds into the tiny pieces of sound (by modulation) that is known to be human speech.

    Sex: Primate Females have oestrous cycles and are sexually receptive only at certain times. Human females have no oestrous cycle in the primate sense and are continually receptive to sex.

    Some of the conclusions have staggering implications for mankind and yet the information is being disregarded. Some ask if there is indeed a ‘Global Conspiracy’ in place to keep this information out of the public eye?

    There are an endless amount of blatantly visible moves to stifle valid information!

    Numerous researchers have indeed tried to bring to light some of the discrepancies, however they are more often quickly vilified and shut down.

    The double-dealing standard of Academia is now becoming clear and apparent.

    Consider cases like those of Hancock, Childress, Cremo—and many others, as in the case of Dr. Virginia Steen-McIntyre a geologist who worked for the U.S. Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.).

    It was reported that in the 1970’s she was sent to an archaeological site in Mexico to date a particular group of artefacts and even backed up and confirmed her results by employing four different methods in the testing, but the projects lead archaeologist at the site had been expecting a date of about 25,000 years or less needed to validate the accepted ‘Bering Strait Crossing’ theory, but McIntyre’s results produced a date of 250,000 years or more.

    Dr. McIntyre was asked to retract her conclusions and present the team with a ‘more satisfactory finding’ but she refused and was dismissed from her teaching position at an American University.

    Her case aptly illustrates just how far established scientists are prepared to go to safeguard orthodox tenets and to preserve the academic ‘status quo.

    Extraordinary efforts were made to discredit the very significant research and substantial geological testing done on the Sphinx by West and Schoch, even to the extent of banning them from future Giza research.

    Even Alfred Wegener, the German meteorologist who first proposed the theory of plate tectonics back in 1915 was the subject of some very spiteful attacks and had his discovery buried for some 50 years because he dared to bruise various Academic egos.

    Even as recently as September 2005 court action was commenced against an American Public School for daring to incorporate the mere possibility of creation by Intelligent design into its curriculum.

    Einstein was first thought a fool . . .—others were even crucified, just for being so bold to challenge the system.

    Indeed the most heinous and malicious crime against ourselves, is the desperate attempt by the scientific fraternity to willfully fabricate and perpetuate the false doctrines of Academia with pure and utter disregard for Truth.

    All the peoples of the world, the entirety of Humankind have had their true heritage stolen from them and purposely and systematically hidden from view by Financial, Political, Theological and Academic Megalomaniacs whose only desire is control. This fact has been proven time and time again.

    Only an honest look at re-education will open the minds of the masses and finally free society of the grips and control by political and religious fanaticism.

    This is itself almost a moot point due to the fact that governments will not allow such an uprising because with proper education, none of the Corporations will be able to blindly dictate to the people and the abuse of their power will dwindle and fade.

    The tactic employed in keeping the public misinformed is truly ingenious, offering as much unbridled distractions in people’s daily lives as they can, such as, paying the bills, terrorists, taxes and keeping up with the ‘times’, that people become oblivious to the bigger picture, or even worse, they just do not care.

    If you keep people busy enough and distracted enough, they simply don’t notice what is going on around them. In this way entire populations are unwittingly controlled every day.

    The irony of it all is that most of it is right out in plain view, though it’s not always easy to penetrate the smokescreen of propaganda to get to the real agenda hidden beneath.

    We supposedly live in a society where free speech is a human right, yet, dare to mention the ‘conspiracy’ word, especially in regard to the government, or the scientific or academic communities then be prepared for a scalding and barrage of personal criticism in an effort to take away as much attention from the point being made, as they can, because of the lack of valid arguments.

    Launching a scathing and personal attack is the only way Academia can defend their incomplete theories thereby ignoring the evidence as it is.

    Academia considers scientists to consist of highly educated, well trained and intellectually capable people and they deduce that they and only they are able to assimilate and process scientific information and then make the correct critical distinctions between fact and fiction, reality and fantasy and right and wrong, while we, the uneducated and unwashed public is very simply deemed to be incapable of functioning on this ‘higher mental plane of superior intellectuality’.

    The current Academic community, sadly, has this demeanor of intellectual superiority permeating through it deeply and it has been that way for some time. It is an attitude that is thinly veiled by planned and carefully orchestrated public relations.

    As usual Academia can only wave their doctorates and insult the work of others without ever being able to present any counter-evidence to back up their own claims yet (they) appoint themselves as the final overseers of the facts, while the real information is hastily suppressed.

    Sadly, the trends of unscrupulous individuals are being superimposed onto many other fields of research and the approach is one of conceit and ego.

    Yet somehow, no matter how many facts are twisted by Academia, no matter how often the data is concealed by ruthless scientists and no matter how constantly Reality is denied by Governments, the Truth will always have a way of eventually shining through the murk.

    So, ultimately the real question becomes why?

    Why are we being lied to; and why are there continuous attempts to keep the information suppressed so intense and dramatic?

    Why is the real information, so closely hoarded and then so viciously guarded?

    Why don’t they want anyone to know the Truth?

    Is it just because they think the Truth is too shocking for us, or are there more significant reasons?

    Maybe it’s because Academia deems the world at large is not ready for the real information, but whatever is behind the motivation, the Truth cannot be suppressed forever. E-a-r-th = Bharath.

    In his book on Orangutans and Human Origins, Jeffery H. Schwartz, associate professor of anthropology at the University of Pittsburgh, involved in numerous digs in Israel, England and Cyprus writes, ‘The orangutan is also described in an earlier piece, Telliamed; or, Discourses between an Indian Philosopher and a French missionary on the Demunition of the Sea, the Formation of the Earth, the Origin of Men and Animals, etc.

    In this fantastic work the early 18th century traveler, Benoit de Maillet (whose last name spelled backwards is the Telliamed) wrote about an expedition in 1702 of the Dutch East India Company from the city of Batavia (now called Djakarata) on the island of Java, Indonesia, to the island of New Guinea, near Australia.

    It was during this expedition (‘which was one of no use’) that the Dutch captured two male animals, ‘which in the language of the country from where they were taken, were called Orang-utans’.

    These Orang-utans were characterized as having thick hair, long and somewhat crooked fingers and toes.

    For almost a century after the description was publicized in 1826, by a Dr. Clarke, the notion of gigantic Sumatran Orang-utans continued to pervade the literature.

    Only in 1912 did the American primatologist D.G. Elliot, question the accuracy of the reported size of the specimens.

    Apart from the matter of the animal’s size, the early 19th century description of the ‘giant’ Sumatran orang-utan is accurate.

    The strength of the orang-utan is legendary, four times as great as his human counterpart.

    A perception of the humanness of this animal, setting it apart from all other animals, was the attribute most frequently emphasized.

    One early source was a 17th century Dutch physician who wrote under the Latinized name of Bontius; he compiled a ‘Natural history of India’.

    James Burnett, also known as Lord Monboddo, who wrote in the 18th century quoted from Bontius. ‘He relates that he saw several orang-utans, of both sexes, walking erect and he partially observed the female, that she shewed signs of modesty, by hiding herself from men whom she did not know. And he adds, that she wept and groaned and performed other human actions: So that nothing human seemed to be wanting in her except speech’.

    An anonymous merchant, that dealt with slaves off the coast of Africa, noted that: ‘This wonderful and frightful production of nature walks upright like a man; is from 7-9 feet high, when at maturity, thick in proportion and amazingly strong, covered in longish hair, jet black of the body, but longer on the head, the face more like human than chimpanzee, but the complexion black; and has no tail’.

    Scholars assert that the association of the orang-utang with humans became more than just a matter of linking ‘the highest form of creation’ with the lower monkeys.

    The other varieties of Sapiens that Linnaeus (Carl von Linne, English botanist, known as Linnaeus) defined, were the ‘American’, the ‘Asiatic’, the ‘African’ and the ‘European’. The Wildman was on the lower end of the ladder. The ‘European’ at the highest end of the scale, was described as ‘fair’, sanguine, brawny . . . hair yellow/brown flowing, . . . eyes blue, . . . gentle, acute, inventive, . . . covered with close vestments, . . . governed by laws.

    It does not take a genius to figure out the intermediatevarieties of man, although elevated above the Wildman, were arranged at the base of the sequence leading to the European.

    Among others—one Bory St. Vincent created 15 species . . . most elevated was the ‘Japhetic’, which was divided into four races, with the German race having two varieties. The sequence then descended through, for example, the ‘Arabian’ (number 2), the ‘Hindoo’ (number 3), the ‘Sinic’ (number 5), the ‘American’ (number 10) and the ‘Hottentot’ (number 15 and last on the list); and it was the Hottentot that Bory St. Vincent, like others considered to be the link between humans and Orang-utans.

    It must be noted that just because Humans and African apes are found together in Africa, this does not automatically translate into a statement of relatedness.

    PART ONE

    The Complicated bits; Intelligent Design

    S cience can progress only by testing ideas, thereby determining whether each an idea can change to what we had assumed to know, or dismissed as incorrect, or whether it simply stagnates due to a lack of clear evidence.

    For evolutionary theory, one such proposition is that some features of genetic information cannot evolve through natural processes unless we allow a role for an Intelligent Designer.

    This proposition claims testability by defining information in a way that is usually reserved for human creations, such as computer programming code.

    Specifically, if intelligent beings create computer-coded information—so if similar features occur within genetic information, then perhaps genetic information derives from an Intelligent Agency.

    Many biologists perceive that they are able to understand exactly where life’s genetic information comes from (the local environment) by thinking in terms of more fundamental and well-established definitions of information that do not involve Intelligent Design.

    Science does not have a detailed, description for how a genetic information system evolved in the first place.

    Intelligent Design proponents suggest that this is a key weakness of the existing evolutionary theory, for it too requires the need for an Intelligent Designer.

    At the very outset, it needs to be made clear what scientists are indeed actually looking for. As will be explained, the challenge is not to find a natural process that can create enough information for a simple genetic system.

    The universe is replete with information—from the positions of stars, our solar system, to the arrangement of atoms contained within the very fabric of Creation.

    Within living systems, most of this information is ignored—so the question is not ‘where did the information come from’, but rather ‘how Nature creates, maintains and destroys systems that focus on this information’?

    In other words, the challenges for understanding the origin of genetic systems, is in finding out how natural processes simplify large amounts of information into the disciplined chemical structures of a self-replicating Nature.

    Nature Herself was considered a Living organic symbiotic entity.

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    Any two or more organisms can be compared for genetic similarity (e.g. in terms of differences in DNA sequence) and thus plotted as a point on a line that runs from complete genetic similarity(clones or identical twins) to very little genetic similarity, such as a human and an E. coli bacterium, say scientists.

    Evolutionary theory is incomplete. For example, older versions of creationism claim natural processes cannot change anything more than the frequency (number of copies) of genetic material already present within a species.

    In effect, this defines a point X on the line shown in the figure above.

    To the right of X, lie larger differences in genetic material, such as those that separate different species. Under creationism, these differences are considered too large for natural processes to explain and are therefore explained by Divine intervention.

    The explanation notes, that God created fundamental kinds of animal and plants so that the formation of new species within these kinds are legitimate outcomes of natural processes and to the right of Y, requires supernatural explanation.

    When in 1953 Watson and Crick published the structure of DNA, it was a welcome wave in an ocean of new discoveries—and thirteen years later, scientists published the details of the genetic code, a system that was so fundamental to understanding life, yet so simple and easy to explain.

    However, it remained a puzzle from an evolutionist’s perspective!

    As a sidenote—the known function and shape of a protein emerges according sequences of amino acids and the proper way to reliably build the right sequence of amino acids is to follow genetic instructions, one code-word (codon) at a time.

    In other words, for millions of years, everything living has needed proteins to make genetic information—and needed genetic information to specify how these proteins are to be made!

    Scientists have noted, that once it had formed, it became fundamental to all biochemistry and it could never change again and any change to the rules of genetic coding would be equivalent to a simultaneous mutation in every single gene in the organism.

    Both macro-mutationism and creationism only seem similar.

    Where the two differ, is in their potential for tests!

    From a scientific perspective, supernatural causes cannot be tested directly within the natural universe. Evidence indicates that micro-evolution accrues over time, to account for all evolutionary diversification (macro-evolution).

    In other words, science fails to find supporting evidence for the idea that macro-mutations are responsible for the emergence of new species.

    So, creationism, macro-mutationism and inevitable outcomes, provide context for allowing a role for a Guiding Intelligence.

    If science can identify features of genetic information, inexplicable by known evolutionary processes, then it might be better explained as the product of Intelligent Design—especially with the idea that we are intelligent and it takes Intelligence to create something Intelligent.

    In a fascinating exposition of scientific thought, the Ancient invocation of the Sri Isopanisad states: ‘The Personality of Godhead is perfect and complete and all emanations from Him, such as this phenomenal world, are perfectly equipped as complete wholes. Whatever is produced of the Complete Whole is also complete in itself. Even though so many complete units emanate from Him, He remains the Complete Balance’.

    Science currently believes genetic information has increased over time: a natural process has increased the number of copies of DNA molecules without any need for guidance by an Intelligent Agent.

    According to theorists of the Intelligent Design factor, they refer to this as a flow of information, as opposed to the creation of new information.

    The best match will leave behind more copies of itself. As these advantageous versions are copied from one generation to the next, they will mix with new variations that either increase or decrease the match.

    The environment keeps changing and mutations keep occurring so the matching process continues; and quite simply those that don’t match so well leave fewer copies of themselves, hence a prime reason for species extinction.

    It is through this process, that genetic material will adapt to mirror information presented by the environment, in which it is copying itself, including patterns in ‘time and space’ such as temperature variations or environmental changes.

    Genetic material may evolve to program colorations that help to hide from predators or conversely for finding and attracting mates.

    Given this understanding, the problem of Evolution versus Creationism is to be solved by invoking an indeterminate Intelligent Designer.

    Perhaps a stronger argument for Intelligent Design is that no natural process could create such a fantastic and wonderful yet, super versatile system in the first place!

    Evolutionary science does not have a clear explanation for how the Central Dogma of molecular biology emerged, although science is apparently taking a major step towards understanding the mechanism by which life came into the Universe.

    Those advocates of this science claim it presents a logical connection. Others perceive that any connection between evolution and spirituality is an act of faith.

    According to texts in Sanskrit, the Ancient sages propounded mutation and adaptation thousands of years before Darwin as evidenced by the following Vedic statement.

    ‘The first germ of life was developed by water and heat. The spirit-soul will traverse the universe, gradually ascending and passing through the rocks, the plants, the worms, insects, fish, serpents, tortoises, wild animals, cattle and higher animals. These are the transformations declared, from the plant to Brahma, which have to take place in the world’.

    According to the Laws of Manu, one of the earliest known texts describing the yugas, the length is 4800 years + 3600 years + 2400 years + 1200 years for a total of 12,000 years for one arc, or 24,000 years to complete the cycle (one precession of the equinox).

    The Srimad Bhagavatam states the following: ‘The duration of the Satya millennium equals 4800 years of the years of the demigods; Treta Yuga equals 3600 years, the Dvapara millennium equals 2400 years; and that of the Kali millennium is 1200 years of the demigods’.

    As aforementioned, one year of the demigods is equal to 360 years of the human beings.

    The duration of the Satya-yuga is therefore 4,800 x 360 or 1,728,000 years. The duration of the Treta-yuga is 3,600 x 360 or 1,296,000 years. The duration of the Dvapara-yuga is 2,400 x 360 or 864,000 years. And the last, the Kali-yuga, is 1,200 x 360 or 432,000 years in total’—(Srimad Bhagavatam 3.11.19).

    These 4 yugas follow a timeline ratio of (4:3:2:1).

    The four Yugas

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    The ages see a gradual decline of dharma, wisdom, knowledge, intellectual capability, lifespan, emotional and physical strength.

    -   Satya Yuga:—Virtue reigns supreme. Human stature was 21 cubits. Average human lifespan was 100,000 years.

    -   Treta Yuga:—There was 3 quarter virtue and 1 quarter sin. Normal human stature was 14 cubits. Average human lifespan was 10,000 years.

    -   Dwapara Yuga:—There was 1 half virtue and 1 half sin. Normal human stature was 7 cubits. Average human lifespan was 1000 years.

    -   Kali Yuga:—There was 1 quarter virtue and 3 quarter sin. Normal human stature is 3,5 cubits. Average human lifespan will be 100 years. Towards the end of the Yuga this will come down to 20 years.

    One rotation of these four yugas is called a Yuga-cycle which is a total of 4,320,000 years. A thousand Yuga-cycles is called a kalpa and therefore a kalpa is 4,320,000,000 years. Time moves on in these great cycles, yuga after yuga, kalpa after kalpa, eternally.

    To give an example how such huge numbers are used, consider the lifetime of Brahma, the four headed Creator God. Brahma’s life span is calculated according to yuga time.

    One kalpa is said to be the 12 hours of Brahma’s day, so his 24 hour day is two kalpas in length.

    That means 24 hours of Brahma’s time is 8,640,000,000 Earthly years! His year is 365 days long and he lives for a 100 years.

    It is astounding, the sheer size of the numbers that the early Hindu thinkers formulated!

    Now consider the story of one hairy sage. This is a story taken from one of the Puranas. A hairy sage once showed up in the court of King Indra and when asked where he lived the sage replied that since life was so short he had decided not to marry and so did not to have a home. Indra then asked him why he had such a strange bald spot on his chest where hair was obviously falling out. The sage replied that each time a Brahma died he lost one hair from his chest and this why he has becoming bald.

    The sage further asserted that once he had lost all of this hair from the death of so many Brahma’s he too would die. And you can be sure he was a very hairy sage!

    Add to this the idea that Hinduism does not perceive of just one universe, but endless numbers of universes and there are multitudes of Brahmas that come and go like moths rushing into a fire.

    This gives one a fuller sense of time within Hinduism and these anecdotes allow us an understanding of the massive time frames which the Hindu mind has conceived.

    The different conceptions of time between the two cultures become abundantly clear when compared with the Biblical story of Genesis where God created the world in seven days!

    We are now living within the Kali-yuga, which started about 5000 years ago. Each of these yugas is said to have a certain quality of life.

    Kali yuga is the worst of times because it is the time of quarrel and deceit. The level of morality and spirituality is greatly decreased and the maximum span of life one can expect is only 100 years.

    In the previous yuga, Dvapara Yuga, life is said to have been much better. The lifetime of a human being during the Dvapara Yuga could be as much as 1000 years. Life was more vibrant and spirituality was greatly increased. It is described how a human being stood as much as 12 feet tall and how the trees and animals are much larger as well.

    The Treta yuga was an even better time with the maximum life span as much 10,000 years.

    Spirituality is even higher and finally, in the best of times, the Satya Yuga the life of a human being could be up to 100,000 years!

    The Mahabharata and the Puranas are full of stories from the various yugas describing scenes of people living for huge periods of time.

    The great sage Vishwamitra, for example, mediated in water for 60,000 years before his meditation was broken by the beautiful Menaka. Their union brought about the famous Shakuntala, the heroin of many famous stories and plays in Sanskrit.

    Similarly, in many of the Puranas, ten avatars of Vishnu are said to repeatedly appear throughout the yuga cycles.

    Rama always appears during the Treta Yuga, Krishna appears at the end of Dvapara and Kalki, the final avatar comes at the end of Kali Yuga to destroy all things and prepare the way for the next Satya Yuga.

    There are, therefore, many appearances of Rama, Krishna and the other Avataras. This is all takes place within the great cycles of yuga time.

    Gradually, as the dates fade into the mists of time, only the story remains. It is this story that is now told.

    image002.jpg

    www.freeworldmaps.net . . . Note: Antarctica fits into Australia and then both slip into Asia.

    PART TWO

    The Interesting bits—Pygmy meets Giganto

    T he Pygmy—a term used for various ethnic groups worldwide whose adult men grow to less than 150 cm (4 feet 11 inches) in average height.

    Better known pygmies are the Aka, Efé and Mbuti of central Africa although there are also pygmies in Australia, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Brazil and these groupings also includes the Negritos of Southeast Asia.

    Of the various theories proposed to explain the short stature of pygmies, which may have evolved as an adaptation to low ultraviolet light levels in rainforest—meaning that relatively little vitamin D can be made in human skin, thereby limiting calcium uptake from the diet for bone growth.

    Other explanations include lack of food in the rainforest environment, the need to move through dense jungle, adaptation to heat and humidity and with rapid reproductive maturation under conditions of early mortality.

    Most Pygmy communities live partially, but not exclusively, on the products of their environment, for they also traded with neighboring farmers.

    Genetically, the pygmies have an Ancient indigenous lineage—ultimately giving rise to contemporary Pygmy (Western and Eastern) groups and neighboring agricultural populations ~ 60,000 years ago, followed by a split ~ 20,000 years ago.

    In a time-honored tradition in the Republic of Congo, where Pygmies make up 2% of the population, many Pygmy slaves belong from birth to their Bantu masters in a relationship where the Pygmies are responsible for much of the hunting, fishing and manual labor in jungle villages.

    Indeed, the Pygmy has always been viewed as inferior, which translated into a systematic discrimination.

    One early example was the capture of Pygmy children by Belgian colonial authorities, exporting them to zoos throughout Europe, including the world’s fair in the United States in 1907.

    The Negritos in Southeast Asia, are also often referred to as Pygmies (in older literature), sharing some common physical features with African pygmy populations, including short stature and dark skin.

    The name ‘Negrito’ is from the Spanish meaning ‘small black person’.

    Their origin and the route of their migration from Asia, suggests that they are either surviving descendants of settlers from the early Great Coastal Migration of the Proto-Australoids, considering that the Ram-pasasa of Flores in Indonesia are short-statured but without being as dark-skinned.

    Interestingly though, there is also mention of tribes of Pygmy aborigines near Cairns, Queensland.

    In Peter McAllister’s book Pygmonia: In search of the secret land of the Pygmies—short statured aboriginal tribes inhabited the rainforests of North Queensland, Australia, of which the best known group is probably the Tjapukai or Djabugay people of the Cairns area.

    These rainforest people, collectively referred to as Barrineans, were

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