Cynthia Ann Parker
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Cynthia Ann Parker - James T. DeShields
CYNTHIA ANN PARKER
JAMES T. DeSHIELDS
CHAPTER I.
The Parker Fort Massacre, Etc.
Contemporary with, and among the earliest of the daring and hardy
pioneers that penetrated the eastern portion of the Mexican province
of Texas, were the Parker family,
who immigrated from Cole county,
Illinois, in the fall of the year 1833, settling on the west side of
the Navasota creek, near the site of the present town of Groesbeck, in
Limestone county, one or two of the family coming a little earlier and
some a little later.
The elder John Parker was a native of Virginia, resided for a time
in Elbert county, Georgia, but chiefly reared his family in Bedford
county, Tennessee, whence in 1818 he removed to Illinois.
The family, with perhaps one or two exceptions, belonged to one branch
of the primitive Baptist church, commonly designated as two seed,
or
hard shell
Baptists.
In the spring of 1834 the colonist erected Parker’s Fort,[1] a kind of
wooden barricade, or wall around their cabins, which served as a means
of better protecting themselves against the numerous predatory bands of
Indians into that, then, sparsely settled section.
[1] The reader will understand by this term, not only a place
of defense, but the residence of a small number of families
belonging to the same neighborhood. As the Indian mode of
warfare was an indiscriminate slaughter of all ages, and both
sexes, it was as requisite to provide for the safety of the
women and children as for that of the men.
Dodridge’s faithful pen picture of early pioneer forts, will
perhaps give the reader a glimps of old Fort Parker in the
dark and bloody period of its existence. He says:
"The _fort_ consisted of cabins, blockhouses, and stockades. A
range of cabins commonly formed on one side at least of the
fort. Divisions, or portions of logs, separated the cabins
from each other. The walls on the outside were ten or twelve
feet high, the slope of the roof being turned wholly inward.
A very few of these cabins had puncheon floors, the greater
part were earthen. The blockhouses were built at the angles
of the fort. They projected about two feet beyond the outer
walls of the cabins and stockades. Their upper stories
were about eighteen inches every way larger in dimension
than the under one, leaving an opening at the commencement
of the second to prevent the enemy from making a lodgment
under their walls. In some forts, instead of blockhouses the
angles of the fort were furnished with bastions. A large
folding gate, made of thick slabs, nearest the spring, closed
the fort. The stockades, bastions, cabins, and blockhouse
walls, were furnished with port-holes at proper heights
and distances. The whole of the outside was completely
bullet-proof.
It may be truly said that "necessity is the mother of
invention"; for the whole of this work was made without the
aid of a single nail or spike of iron; and for this reason
such things were not to be had. In some places, less exposed,
a single blockhouse, with a cabin or two, constituted the
whole fort. Such places of refuge may appear very trifling
to those who have been in the habit of seeing the formidable
military garrisons of Europe and America, but they answered
the purpose, as the Indians had no artillery. They seldom
attacked, and scarcely ever took one of them."
As early as 1829 the Prairie Indians
had declared war against
the settlers, and were now actively hostile, constantly committing
depredations in different localities.
Parker’s colony at this time consisted of only some eight or nine
families, viz: Elder John Parker, patriarch of the family, and his
wife; his son James W. Parker, wife, four single children and his
daughter, Mrs. Rachel Plummer, her husband, L. M. T. Plummer, and
infant son, fifteen months old; Mrs. Sarah Nixon, another daughter, and
her husband L. D. Nixon; Silas M. Parker (another son of Elder John),
his wife and four children; Benjamin F. Parker, an unmarried son of
the Elder[2]; Mrs. Nixon, sr., mother of Mrs. James W. Parker; Mrs.
Elizabeth Kellogg, daughter of Mrs. Nixon; Mrs. ---- Duty; Samuel M.
Frost, wife and two children; G. E. Dwight, wife and two children; in
all thirty-four persons.
[2] Elder Daniel Parker, a man of strong mental powers, a son
of Elder John, does not figure in these events. He signed
the Declaration of Independence in 1836, and preached to
his people till his death in Anderson county in 1845.
Ex-Representative Ben. F. Parker, is his son and successor in
preaching at the same place. Isaac Parker, above mentioned,
another son, long represented Houston and Anderson counties
in Senate and House, and in 1855 represented Tarrant county.
He died in Parker county, not long since, not far from 88
years of age. Isaac D. Parker of Tarrant is his son.
Besides those above mentioned, old man ---- Lunn, David Faulkenberry
and his son Evan, Silas Bates, and Abram Anglin, a boy, had erected
cabins a