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    Civil Engineering
    Civil Engineering
    Civil Engineering
    Ebook111 pages53 minutes

    Civil Engineering

    By Knowledge Flow

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    About this ebook

    Civil engineering is one of the oldest field of engineering. It deals with the plan, design, develop and supervise the construction environment weather a small house or a big bridge. A civil engineer is accountable for planning and designing a project, constructing and maintain the project to the required level.
    The edge of this book is to provide comprehensive information of Civil Engineering covers all essential topics like materials, building elements, surveying, ranging, levelling, mapping and contouring. It distinctively focuses on topics which are important for beginners. This book provides sufficient material for practice so that students can enhance their knowledge about civil engineering. The topics and summaries with simple languages are very helpful for students to learn the basic concepts and fundaments of civil engineering with ease.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKnowledge Flow
    Release dateOct 30, 2020
    ISBN9781005939045
    Civil Engineering

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    • 5/5
      simple to understand and easy to read, overall a beautiful book.
    • 3/5
      Did ChatGPT write this book? The grammar is not up to par with the subject of Civil Engineering. It was a decent primer, though. -WSDB

    Book preview

    Civil Engineering - Knowledge Flow

    Civil Engineering

    Thank you for choosing our books

    KNOWLEDGE FLOW BOOKS

    Bhopal – India

    © Copyright 2020 Knowledge Flow Books, All rights reserved.

    No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher.

    This book contents is for informational and study purposes only. The publisher makes no claims, promises, or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of this book and no legal liability or other responsibility is accepted by publisher for any errors, omissions, or statements on this book.

    Contents

    Chapter 1: Introduction

    Chapter 2: Civil Engineering Materials-I

    Chapter 3: Civil Engineering Materials-II

    Chapter 4: Civil Engineering Materials-III

    Chapter 5: Civil Engineering Materials-IV

    Chapter 6: Building Elements

    Chapter 7: Fundamental of Surveying-I

    Chapter 8: Fundamental of Surveying-II

    Chapter 9: Ranging and Levelling

    Chapter 10: Mapping and Contouring

    1

    Introduction

    Introduction

    C

    ivil engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with designing, planning, construction, and maintenance of various infrastructure facilities.  It is considered as the oldest branch of engineering after military engineering. Civil engineering works include construction of roads, bridges, buildings, dams, canals, water supply and numerous other facilities that we use in our daily life. It encompasses management of residential and commercial buildings and structures, water supply facilities and transportation systems as well as the control of the environment.

    Sub-disciplines of Civil Engineering

    The various disciplines of civil engineering are given below:

    Structural engineering

    It is concerned with the structural design and analysis of various buildings, bridges, towers, flyovers (overpasses), tunnels etc.

    Geotechnical engineering

    It studies rock and soil supporting civil engineering systems. 

    Water resource engineering

    It is concerned with the collection and management of water as a natural resource.

    Environmental engineering

    It deals with treatment of chemical, biological or thermal wastes, purification of water and air, and remedies for contaminated sites after waste disposal.

    Construction engineering

    It involves planning and execution and development of various sites based on hydraulic, environmental, structural and geotechnical engineering. 

    Transportation engineering

    It involves specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining transportation infrastructure which includes streets, canals, highways, rail systems, airports, ports, and mass transit. 

    Building materials engineering

    It studies fundamental characteristics and properties of different materials that are used for building various structures.

    Surveying

    It is the process which deals with measuring certain dimensions on the surface of the earth.

    Earthquake engineering

    It involves designing such structures that can withstand hazardous earthquakes.

    Urban engineering

    It involves designing, constructing and maintaining streets, paths, water supply networks, sewer lines, street lighting, solid waste management and disposal, public parks.

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    2

    Civil Engineering Materials-I

    T

    he study of civil engineering materials gives students a comprehensive understanding of the composition, structure and engineering behaviour of materials used for construction and building purposes. Some commonly used building materials are listed below:

    Stones

    Bricks

    Cement

    Lime

    Timber

    Concrete

    Metals

    Miscellaneous materials

    These civil engineering materials along with their properties and uses are explained in detail in the coming chapters.

    Stone

    Stone has been used as a building material from a very early age of civilization. Stones are naturally available materials which are found in the form of rocks. In actual, these are the fragmented parts of the rock and do not have any definite shape and structure. They are cut in definite shape and size and used as building material.

    Classification of Stones

    Stones can be classified into following three categories:

    Physical classification

    Geological classification+

    Chemical classification

    Physical Classification

    On the basis of structure, stones can be classified as:

    Stratified rocks – These are found in layers one above another and have a layered structure. These rocks can be easily split along these layers. Limestone, sandstone, slate etc are examples of stratified rocks.

    Unstratified rocks – These are not found in layers but, posses crystalline and compact grains. These rocks cannot be split into thin pieces or slabs. Granite, marble,

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