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    A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking
    A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking
    A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking
    Ebook78 pages54 minutes

    A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking

    By David McGavock

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    About this ebook

    This book provides information on lake and pond construction and technical guidance on lake, pond and fish management. Throughout his career, thousands of clients in the field and over the phone who ask technical questions have told the author you need to write a book. So, after all these years, he offers some guidance through this book to the layman on lake and pond construction, management of water quality, fertilization, aquatic weed and algae control, fish stocking, fish population management, fish attractors, lake and pond aeration, and many other topics.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherLulu Publishing Services
    Release dateJul 11, 2018
    ISBN9781483487205
    A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking

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      Book preview

      A Layman's Guide to Lakes, Ponds, and Fish Stocking - David McGavock

      children.

      CHAPTER ONE

      LAKE AND POND CONSTRUCTION

      Proper lake and pond construction is essential in the long term costs of maintenance and management of the fish population. In my 30 years in the field of lake and pond management numerous problems have been observed as the result of improper construction of lakes and ponds. I will discuss several key elements in the building of lakes and ponds in this chapter and hope that it will help those to design the lake or pond properly to eliminate the most common problems of improper construction which can lead to redoing a newly constructed lake or pond, creating long term maintenance costs and can hinder the management of fish populations.

      Everything starts with the proper site to build a lake or pond. There needs to be good permeable soil that will hold and retain water. Most lakes or ponds built on poor soils that do not retain water are the number one cause of improper construction and can be a very expensive mistake. Seek out a qualified lake and pond excavator once the site is chosen to dig some test pits and see if there is good clay available at the chosen site for construction. Soil maps of the property can be obtained in every county from the National Conservation Resource Service (NCRS). This is a section under the United States Department of Agriculture. The information provided by the NCRS could be very valuable before you begin the endeavor of building the lake or pond. Aerial photographs can be obtained and soil maps can be evaluated. Every property has a map of the soil types and a description of the soil. It will tell in the soil description if it is permeable or semi-permeable or well-drained soil.

      Draw on the aerial photograph where you want the lake and pond to be and provide the accurate size of the lake or pond. You can discuss this with the NCRS employee if the site chosen is a good location. NCRS can recommend or make corrections where the dam should be located based on elevation. Every lake or pond site will have an estimated amount of watershed coming into the lake or pond. Watershed estimations can be provided by the NCRS of 50-year rainfall reports. This can help you to determine what size pipe you need in the lake or pond to dewater the lake or pond in the event of heavy rainfall.

      Lakes and ponds will normally have an emergency spillway in the event there is too much water coming in to the lake or pond for the pipe to dewater. Proper pipe sizing is essential in the construction of lakes and ponds. Many lakes and ponds improperly built have to construct a spillway barrier to prevent the loss of fish going out of the lake or pond. This can be eliminated by doing things right on the front end of construction.

      Completed%20Ponds.jpg

      Once it is determined the site is suitable for construction the next most common problem in construction is improper slope. A lake or pond should have a 3:1 slope coming off all areas of the banks. This slope can help to maintain water from growing unwanted aquatic weeds and algae. Improper slope results in shallow waters which will grow aquatic weeds and algae. Once weeds and algae develop in the lake or pond they will suck the nutrients out of the water resulting in a clear lake or pond which allows the sun to penetrate in deeper water growing more weeds and algae. This can be very costly to control. Proper slope is one tool to help to eliminate this problem. Again, doing it right on the front end of construction can lead to less headaches and costs later on. Proper slope is essential.

      Another common problem is using the fill soil in the lake or pond dam. Once the top soil is stripped off there will be fill material. Fill material is between the top soil and the clay. The fill soil is used in many construction projects for building up areas for grade and/or used in pouring a concrete slab on. Fill soil should not be used in the dam of a lake or pond as it will not retain water. This is the most common problem in lake or pond construction that do not hold water. This material should be used on the back side of the dam and other areas to gentle the slope so it can be mowed by mower or bush hog. Top soil

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