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Types of Rain-Gauges
Following are the main types of rain-gauges used for measurement of rainfall.
Symons Rain-gauge
Weighing Bucket Rain-gauge Tipping Bucket Rain-gauge Float type Rain-gauge Pressure Transducer Rain-guage
These are called non-recording rain gauges because they do not record the rain but only collect the rain. The collected rain is then measured by means of graduated cylinders so as to directly represent the rainfall volume in cm of water depth, i.e.
Volume of water collected in cm 3 Depth of rain water in cm = Area of aperatureof the guage in cm 2
Note: The amount of precipitation/rainfall is expressed as the depth in cm or inches.
Symons Rain-gauge
Most common type of non-automatic rain-gauge.
The funnel shank is inserted in the neck of Capacity of bottle is 75 to 100 mm of rainfall.
suitably graduated measuring glass, with an accuracy up to 0.1 mm. measured 3 or 4 times in a day.
Gauges which can give permanent and automatic rainfall record without any bottle reading. Man has not to go to the gauge to measure the amount of rain fallen. There is mechanical arrangement by which the total amount of rain fallen, since the record was started, gets recorded automatically. The gauge thus produces a record of cumulative rain vs. time in the form of graph known as Mass Curve of rain fallen.
Consists of a receiver bucket supported by a spring or lever balance or any other weighing mechanism. The movement of bucket due to its increasing weight is transmitted to a pen which traces the record on a clock driven chart.
Working is similar to weighing gauge bucket. Funnel receives the rain water which is collected in rectangular container. Float is provided at the bottom of container. Float is raised as the water level rises in the container. Movement of float is being recorded by a pen moving on recording drum actuated by clock work. When the water level in the container rises so that float touches the top, the siphon comes into operation, and release the water; thus all the water in the box is drained out.
In recording gauge rainfall is recorded automatically & therefore, there is no necessity of any attendant. Recording rain-gauge gives the intensity of rainfall @ any time while the non-recording gauge gives the total rainfall in any particular interval of time. As no attendant is required such rain-gauge can be installed in faroff places also. Possibility of human error is obviated.