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Ankle Grades of sprain 1st degree No hemorrhage Min swelling Point tender No varus laxity - ant drawer - talar

r - talar tilt No/little limp Difficulty hopping Recovery 2-10 days

2nd degree Some hemorrhage Localized swelling (decreased achillies definition + Ant drawer + talar tilt No varus laxity + Limp Unable to heel raise, hop, run Recovery 10-30 days

3rd degree Diffuse swelling (no Achilles definition) Tenderness medial and lateral + Ant drawer

+ Talar tilt + Varus laxity NWB Recovery 30-90 days

Anatomy Deltoid/ Medial ligament of talocrural joint o o o CRPS Stage 1 o o o Stage 2 o o o Stage 3 o o o Feiss Line NWB line to connect apx of medial malleolus to head of 1st mtp jt. Navic should be in line with these. In WB navic should not drop more than 2/3 dist to floor Pain radiates all the way up the leg Dec nerve conduction velocity Muscle atrophy ^pain, swelling, jt stiffness Pain becomes less localized Change in skin color and texture Burning, aching tenderness, jt stiffness Swellling temp changes ^ nail growth and ^ hair on foot/feet Ant Tibiotalar ligament Post Tibiotalar ligament Tibionavicular ligament

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