Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 46

3 vvvv Dr.b G .G J0). 2 vvvv Dr.b G (22 U!/ G u b!1- hO!%. 1 vvvv Dr.b G u 8c. /. h09!HW P v k1$. 0# 82 : G vvEvvrvv.

b ; vv1vvrvv.e G vvcvv2vvJ 1vv$vv. bvv!vv% #vv(vv,vv. 1vvrvvJQ G vv$vvPvv9vv\vv. Y, C +v!v,v. , h#v) ;v% DvLQ&v. +vKg G vuv!v$v7 kv2 1v1v. f G v$v,v% #v) 8v!vv #v (v M v 9v -, h/ 0v 9v % P v v E/ 1v $v cv Lkv 7 G v Ev rv .b Dv 9v / 8v cv \v / hG vvcvvJd Ebvv\vv. A tvv" Pj Dvvs Dvvrvv- h8vv(vvM0vv" tvv" Pj #vv(vvM vv7 G J&1. hG ! GLI. h1vvv. vvvcvvvJd 1vvvcvvv<vvv: G vvvLOvvv", hC &vvvM vvv: G vvvuvvv9vvv3, hqvvv. #vvv: C #vvv.Q kvrvJ C #vL G u 8vcv. v/ 1v. vcvJd hG )DvPv. f hE0v9v. A Pj G vrvL1v2, G vvcvvJd hEbvv\vv. A tvv" Pj Dvvs Dvvrvv- #vv) evv1vvL evv!vv. h/ 8vvrvvVvv1vvL. 5 C #vvv. 1vvvcvvvJ : kv (f #v ) #v Ev . Ov ) Rv L0v cv 7 G u 8v cv . v / #v LG bv . I 6 82c,% 1(DP. f hO!% 8P!1$k . . 6 bv2vJg hQOv. v-, Uv!v/ G u bv!v1v- hbv!v/ B v- hC UvEv. 1v- h#v) 6 C f / E vvv- E/ G u hDvvvJg / RvvvL0vvvv vvv-, hC Rvvv,vvvJ C f #vvvEvvv$vvvJG k 6 6 0v,vJg G u kv0 #vYv" v-, h#v) 0vYv!v" kv0 +v. Oj v-, hC Rv,vJ 6 h&vvcvv.P 1vv. u #vv) RvvLhQ C &vvlvvPvv(vv. h#vv) Ovv1vv,vv. J C bvv$vv. vv(vv. , #vv) Ef G vEv$vJ u &vEv$vJg h&vPv9vcv1v(v-, h&vPv9vfvlvLg h&v9v.H E v1v-,
6

HGJI
5

Gy}tO|?

ui
b!/ h>- G / G9V. Q. +vKg +v2 G vEvrv.b G v9v2 &vL0vJ C f &v9v(v. hd Rv1v,v. #v(v,v. 1v. v2vEv= k 01 vvvv Dr.b e1L G $P!$1). 9 vvvv Dr.b G $P!$1) b$.#k . . 8 vvvv Dr.b G ?1LG f. 7 vvvv Dr.b G ./ I hG Lb17. 6 vvvv Dr.b G Mh>1). 5 vvvv Dr.b G $ q. QH. 4 v v Dr.b G $ h/ O.
6
It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

[[v v -:231].

"!@?>=<
&0 0 #( # % . &7 0 + " !1 !1) ,! . #(
(

!1

$ !.

$ -

8vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvcvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv. vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv : o p hEbvJG Oc hE vJG Oc, hE v / vL vJ v vv QRqv. h/ E[vcv. k v. qv. d k 1vvv ; kvv(f Dvvrvv bvv vv vvv C bvv_vv G vvEvvrvv b ; $ vv Dvvs E vv?vv. Oc QDv v9v v v. bvSv:, kv(PG tv. f vKG kvYv G u bv v vv hQDv v9v kvv vv Dvv?vv3 bvv vvv kvvYvv vv [vvLkvv7 bvv vv vv vv vvuvv:, h vv vv vvcvvv
(

g pho n m l uk j i tsrq
p [G
E :87].
"

hG / &vv9vvlvv. Y 1vv- qvv. d 8vvcvv. vv/: o hC bvJc, C #vJc 1v. v(vcv% hG vcvrv" hG vlv,v%, hC bvJc vrv2v.d P vv 6 6 6 G vv<vvJ0vv1vv), h+vvJG c G vv(vv?vvJ0vv), hOvvHvvL vvv G $ 1vv.0vv), C #vvJc 6 6 0v .Uv " E v 1v v ev KG Ac h#v rv .#v . J &v $v .c hDv 1v . 8v v, C OQ v v 6 C #vv kv2 ^v!v$v. J ;v0 K / 0vPv9v\v1vd C DvJ #v) G v$vHv!v.qv1v) C f l Rvv1vv,k vv. #vvKtvv.QkG , Dvvs G u G vvKj Q16 vv. c 1vv. vv(vvcvv% hC &vv: kvv2 1vv\vv) 7 1vvEvvuvv$vv7 1vv. vvfvv7, Dvvs G u G vvKj C h>vvJc #vv) G vvcvvJe h vv% 8vvuvv) 7 1vvvv- G vvvvPvvvv$vvvv.G J hG $ QV, Gvvvv!vvvvs tvvvv" Rvvvv2A kvvvvrvvvvJ6 Qg 8vvvvrvvvvJ0vvvvLk G G $ #v.Q, Dvs G v$v!vv G vEvs G v$v2v1v) G vEv2 G vrv1v.e G vKj qv. #v: 7 Dvvvs G u 8vvvcvvv. vvv/ G vvvHvvv. vvvs G vvvcvvv_vvv1vvv% G vvv$vvv. vvvv G vvv$vvvJ1vvvL vvv?vvv$vvv1vvvd 7 8 vvvKG G vvvEvvvs C Dvvvs G vvvEvvvrvvv.b hC h>vvv2vvv,vvv. hC bvvv_vvv$vvv,vvv. ; $ &vvv+

GyJu G hd :

Iu

Gu

@g9y

GyJu G}hd : Iu Gu @g9y)

8 p [G :87] =@?214365 &%(':9<;> ,+.-0/"!$# _RQTSVUXW*)


E@

Xvvv1vvvrvvv. h/ #vvvSvvvrvvv7, qvvv. d G u 8vvvcvvv. vvv/: k k #v v) 0v vPv vL G u v v-, P v vv 1v v# f G u v v% 0v v?v vcv v" kv v1v v- Dv vL>v v. h/ 6 k hC f +vvKG G vvEvvs G vvKj C h>vv2vv- G u vv(vvlvvPvv- vv1vvPvv1vvL Ovv,vv" bvv!vv/
6

o[ ^ ] `

Qp

[G (E":35].

qvvvv. d 8vvvvcvvvv. vvvv/: bvv!vv1vvv kvv,vv. #vv) kvvYvv!vv- ? htvv" #vv. 0vv(vvJkvvd bvv(vvv #vv) Ovv.A kvv$vv) QDvv$vv9vv1vv. vv$vvcvvVvv1vv7 h8vv?vv. +vvLg 1vv. vv$vvHvv. vvlvv7, kvvuvv1vvm 1vvL1vvv G vvKj tvv" kvvYvv" vv. tvv. f $ DvvJ #vv) G vv(vv. S bvv!vv1vvv kvvYvv" / Ovv9vvEvv1vv1vv: C f 8vv2vv. QRg

oN K L I J W X U V S T

b!1v O. 1f7 89Li, C k0 8P9E2 C f 82Jd +Kg G (c% tlLG . k #v $v 9v <v 0 $ #v Lg, #v ?v 9v (v 2v . v (v ,v 1v -, #v Vv Jqv . 1v Hv 2vLg ; $ &v v 8v Li &v cv $v k k k Q1vv 1vuv" #vcv. &v2 G vL1v.1v1v7, C f 8vuv.f bv2vJG #v9vK v0 v-, Gv. Xvck v. v-, k k v v v v C f 8vuv.f bv2vJG v- 1vuv" #vcv. &v2 G vcv2v.O0v7, tv$v. C &v- +v. k
0 L0 J # ( v

C F E H G [G G Q J:65-85] XW ZY\[^]`_B

C f 8vcv2vJg hDvJg / RvL0vv v- qv. d 8vcv. v/: T S V U hE&v$v. 0vL0vJ #v(vv Rv1v,k v. hG DvJG #vVv!vEv9v- bv. FvJI E v1vv, 0vL0vJ #v(vv k
8
It

A {z

0.

AAD |z

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

!/ 6

!/

(1) C v

U b > 3, Qq (7111). G L>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H C 1v G H 8vrvVv vL G vVv0 I, 1v. H EPG
. 1

v% 0v v

\ s qv. bvJk G

% #

1(

" 0.e. #) 0 1 1

OG F ; \c Pu k . b t OvlvL kvcvJI v C v. e C GvL, h v


#) 0

U1.
[G

vv vv e Rvv,vvL hG DvvJ kvv2 G vvPvv(vv7, h#vv) tvv. f #vvL0vvYvv.


k
87]

/ vPv9v\v vd G vVv v. e vcv?vMm bvv vv


Ch

!/

@ ? 2 1 4 3 6 5 8p
1 +% #v)

Evvnvv@: q

C +v"

hev vL v P

G v $v v !v $v 1v ) v !v v v G A hG v $v v v 1v ) hG v ) G v v v 1v " hG v v Q#v 1v )

Rtvvvv. I h+vvvv2 >vvvvMA 0vvvvPvvvv1vvvvL #vvvv) #vvvv. vvvvv 8vvvvJkvvvvd kvvvv2 Dvvvv. >vvvv7
(1)

lrL

G vMtv. I. qv. d 8vcv. v : o; > = P .t 1 P2 f.

8P9\d kc!/ >(3y


# 0 " 8

.
% %

!%

1)

(-

[G v v v v): 61]

( 2

!/

!1 -

g
2 0 $ 1

,)

,)

,) 0

!.

jih
. 0 $ # $

!.

1.

! 1!

,)

1%

0$

0$

. #,

vvL vvYvv. vvvv : zUvv qvv. Fvv vv. , kvv(f vv 8vvPvv9vv\vvd kvvrvv. bvvJG , kvv(f vv k k k hOv v v v v vcv v v vLG f 1v v Dv vVv v v v vvvv htv v. f bv v v vLG f QXv v G u bv v v v G ! v7, hqv. d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v p 9f. 1 v# 8v 1v v G vcv2vJ 1vEvPv3 G Ov9v\v. bv9v qv. d 8vcv. v : o h vvLkvvd 1vv vv G vvJQ>vv. J, h vvVvv vvF 1vv vv G vvrvv vv H hG $ Dvv G d, Gv vQ Uv v G J kv G v v e hG v v v v7 vuvlvL G u 1v v G vHv\v. v. , hG 9c_ , h; L8 . G )G0 U hG <. 1LI bvvrvv vvJI G ) vv vv. f 1vv. vvfvv vv3 hG ) vv vv. f 1vv. vv G qvvd, qvv G vv vv. G vv vvEvv2vv7 bvrv vJI v<v v , hE v v. f 1v. vEvs, hbv v Uv. vF v<v vL, E&v1 # !/ 0$ $"

GyJu G}hd : Iu Gu @g9y)

ui
$ % & ' ( 9 : ; <p
! ( / $ 1( 1 2 &1 1 & . #) ( & 0 2 + 1 $ 1

[Bd b$LG f: 581].

!.

1"

+2

&$ 1

hOGvv vv: G vv?vv vv7 qvv. d 8vvcvv. vv : o/ 0 ! " # qv v: kv v tv v: Ovcv vJk G kv G vJ v v. hG ! GvLI h v?v J v G v v. Q G vv_vvL vv. C Gvv vvKG G vvEvvs G vv vvPvv vvL bvv vv0 , G vvuvv<vv vvL C >vvLk G EPG k t VL G _ e . vvvcvvv. QV tvvv. vvv?vvv vvv. O kvvv Ovvv2vvv vvv G u, C h $ Ovvv2vvv. H 8vvv >vvv2vvv ; vvKg vv C Uvv d Dvvs G u 8vvcvv. vv , h vv. bvvJG vv. kvv( vv vv. vv?vv3 LI hG DJI k G c L P9\ d.
D@ G 21: G ELG e # 2 $ !$

01

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

$ 1) @@ .

!/

!1-

!%

#)

+" 0$ .

!% #) -

0$

!%

(1) C v v

C> c . . Qq (44). v Ev 2v 7 QOv d G u Uv v G u bv v v hOv v C tv <v L v G $ v hG v v J hG v v . S hOv v v G ) v v. f, Qqv (51); h vPv v , tv 9v. H G ) v v. f, 1v. H h>v H G L>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj, tvv9vv. H G ) vv vv. f, 1vv. H Dvv3 G vvLOvv d Uvv vv G u bvv vv vv
0$ !/

!1-

#)

. 1

1$,%

!/

0%

. 1

#$

. 1

( -

.0 %

. 1

. 1

#-

1$-

1%

- #)

!. 5

h v QC i 8v qv vL G vVvEv. 1v7 h8vcv_v v v v vLOv d G u Uv v G u G vvuvvL vv , h8vv qvv vvLg 1vvcvvJ vv vv. 8vv 8vv qvv vvL Ovv vv9vv hRvvLbvv G vvrvv vv , h/ 8v vrv vVv v v vL, kv v9v v qv v v vLg kv v Dv v v v. 8v v 8v v qv v v vL Ov v v v9v v hRv vHv vVv v hG Dvvv9vvvLG vvv , h8vvvcvvv_vvv vvv vvv G vvv9vvvcvvv_vvv vvv G vvv0 Fvvvs 1vvv vvv evvv vvvL evvv vvv 8v v qv v v vLg,
h#vvv)

Dvvvrvvv.b
(1)

G vvv(vvv vvv2

Uvvv!vvv/

Gu

bvvv!vvv1vvv- hOvvv!vvv% :

. 1

>$c1)y
6

.
6
E vvvvvvv1vvvvvvv- #vvvvvvv) h vvvvvvv

Dvvvvvvv9vvvvvvv/ C tvvvvvvv.f C Dvvvvvvv3


n

Jg

hhG vvvvvvv

Jg

hG vvvvvvv(vvvvvvv S v v%

!/

!1 -

!%

0v #v) C

!/ #

$1

!/

qv. d QOv d G u Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : z/ & DJt b E27 > d G . S D9 b G lQ hG J hG G J. K v vv?vv3 8vvrvvJ vv vvEvv2vv7 G vv vv2vv Uvv vv G u bvv vv vv hOvv vv
h vv vv
0 0% # ( 2 !/ !1-

!%

DCF f e d pc b Azy B A
o
[G

l9F:8-9]

! 7.
0

v v$

!.

% #v v) +vvv.

v vHv v v v b C bv v_v v K Es h+vvv G G vvv vvv

C vvv vvv%

Dvvs QOvv d G u | qvv. d G u 8vvcvv. vv : b _ Dvvvrvvv b G vvv vvvHvvv vvv qvvv vvv , kvvv0 Dvvvs
. $ !. 1)

Yz)

Gu

fz+& Iu

hSz~ QS(d Gu

GyJu GyD9!, :

GyJu GyD9!, : Iu QS(d Gu Yz) Gu fz+& hSz~

11

C +" G

ELH

Qq% (1852)@

p 8vvSvvL0vvd C h &vv_vv. e #vv,vv$vv. tvv. f #vvVvvJQg qvv. d 8vvcvv. vv/: l l C tv$v" G v,vJj, hRvL0vcv9v- C tv$v"
1vv-

edcba\[ZY
o
C #vvL, hG >vv9vv(vv. H #vv.
bvv(vv- &vv,vv/ kv1v$v.

(1) C GvL>v- G v2vHv. Qj tv9v. H G vSvLhW 1v. H G vSvLhW kv2 G v?v,v. O hG v$vVv. vEv7 #vd o o

G vSvLG Fvd, hC f / 0vrvJe bv!v1v,v. o 6 hR>vvL, hG )0vv$vv. f 1vv# f +vvJ0vv-

gf

C Gv2vL 1v- #v) G $ #v.Q G v$v. Xv1v7 hG v$vPv9vrv2v!v7, hG #v9v<v. d #v.


Dvvrvv.b

hEf #vv)

G vv(vv2vv2

Uvv!vv/

Gu

bvv!vv1vv-

hOvv!vv% : 8vvVvvJ0vvrvv-

bv v!v v1v v- #v v)

G (lQ, h . t. f k_. e!1_. / &lY.G #) D. -. 7 k k G $ Gv v0 b G v vuv vL0v v$v v7, h v v1v v) G v v?v v. &v v3, hOv v,v v. v v7
+vvuvvKG tvv. &vv.G 0vvcvv_vv$vv.&vv8

QXvv2 G u

bvv(vv,vv% #vvd #vv. >vv2vv!vv-

Gu

h#.

0vrv9v9v!v.f bv!v/

. 0EJhf E 1- G (_L 8c_1$. (1) o k hXv.Fv-, hEPG 8vuv!v% GvlvYv.G C Uv.G 8v,v%
8

bv(vJg,

#vvEvv$vvJG , tvv. f EPG C #vvL+vv% G 1vv9vvJQhG C #vvLg, hEPG 8vv.Xvv# tvv. OhG k m C Dv vJG 0v vcv v_v v$v v- C Uv vEv v. 1v v- #v v<v v" #v v. 0v vcv v_v v% C Uv vEv v. H #v vEv v$v vJ o k OGvv!vv: bvv!vv/ G vv$vv!vv.c, tvvPvvLi hqvv1vvVvvL hG vv(vv?vv. Rvv2 kvv!vv% C Q n hOv!v% kv2 G vVv!vF kv2 qvVv7 G vEvJ0v2v1v7 :

G v(v2v2

Uv!v/

Gu

bv!v1v-

qvv. d bvvLhI 1vv) #vvPvvcvv.O 1$. 0?3 b!1,% bv v!v v1v vLO.d

vvrvvL0vvT
U!/

Dvv1vv(vv$vv.

C QOvv!vv.g vv1vvlvv. hV hO!%


6 @

Gu

Gu

b!1-

hOv v!v v%;

bv vLa tv v1v vm qv v. e +v v&/ A

G $ >v v0 A G v vlv vYv v0 A

21

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

ui

b!/ P v #d qJQ8- b!/ G Jk. Y. G vv(vv2vv2 Uvv!vv/ G u bvv!vv1vv- hOvv!vv% C h RvvHvvVvv- G vvuvvL0vv% h0vvPvvuvv: h/ 0vvv$vvvuvvv) $ j #vvv&#vvv) C f 0vvvPvvv$vvvd #vvv) 0vvv,vvv. >vvv% RvvvL0vvvcvvv7 1$<" P v. kvvPvv. O+vv. , hEf tvv. f 0vv,vv. >vv% 1vv. vvPvv0 M hG vv$vvJG kvvd ; kvv$vvJG kvvcvv9vvhG vvSvv2vv- ; kvv$vvJG kvvcvv9vv- 1vv. vvcvv!vv% hODvvZ Dvv?vv?vv- hRvv2vv,vv- h1vv1vv. f 7 8v9v\v!v2v- G vEv. d #v) G vPv0 M, kv(PG tv. f G vcvJh 0v,v. >v% 1v. vEv?v@ RvvL0vvcvv9vv- h+vvJ0vv- 1vv$vv. 0vvPvv9vv\vv1vvd G )&vvPvv. f #vv) qvv.I 1vvEvvPvv3 #vv. : G vvJkvv. Y bvv)
h vv) Dvvrvv.b G vv(vv2vv2 Uvv!vv/ G u bvv!vv1vv- hOvv!vv%

b LG f:13].
$

$=>?@9:;p
[G vvvvvvvvv(vvvvvvvvvPvvvvvvvvv. A:56], h

'(! # ` _ ^ ] T&S R"Q


qvvvvvvvvv. d: o
GyJu GyD9!, : Iu QS(d Gu Yz) Gu fz+& hSz~

[Bd

31

QR_`]^[\YZ
hqvvvvv. d 8vvvvvcvvvvv. vvvvv/ :
[ r$. f:41].
. & . 0& /

, W U &)#*$ !X"V S- . + / 0 Awx T o; < 9 : ' ( %


$! ( 3 & # / ! . ( / . 1 . 1, 0 / 1 #) 1)

IJKLMp ^_`ABCDEFGH

o]

&

( 1) #

` A B C Dp
, $ 2 (, 1 #) " . . ,$

. $

!/

#)

" #( #-

$!

!1-

G v v v vJ 1v v G v vJ v v EDv vPv v. v v. hRv vuv vLk G , kv vrv v. d 8v vcv v. v v k hC vvv: / 8vvv vvv vvvv vvv vvvlvvvPvvvv XvvvLG h/ vvvlvvvck vvv. , h vvvK vvvv C vvvL G u Dv9v 8v2v vg C f 8vrv e 1v vlvPvv, hG vPvcv 1v9vL1v v9vv h8v >v v vv hG $ H tvvK vvv vvPvvcvv vvcvv vvSvvv hqvv 8vvv vv Dvv vv G vvVvvfvvL hG c . A hG Vc 17. ;vv 1vvcvvJ P vvv DvvYvv. vv7 hQXvv. Y vv vvJI Ovv vv9vv vv vvd G vv9vvcvv3 [ r . f:41] G ! 7. o 8vvvPvvvcvvv7 C Rvvv vvvL evvv. vvv2k vvv. , tvvv vvv. C Rvvv. Q G u E vvv P vvvv kvvv qvvv vvv : C vv kv 1v\v v v. h8vcv vT bv v DvPv. H evKG Fv v. hUvEv9v v. v vJI h8vvcvv2vv. vv C >vv QG Dvv9vv , hOvv vvLG vv C >vv vv vv. vv , 8vvEvv vv vvv Ov2v3 h>v O G v vJ h v v v. bv v v Dvs tv2v vL, kvrvJ Q1v v. g Uvfv vLk G / v vuvL C DvJ kvYv G v G vJ v bv v C h/ O v v. , kv. v G vJG f
0( " . 0) !/ +$ .

GyJu GyD9yE :

It

(b G (G *#
y yO

41

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

G vvv

vvv

vvv vvv

h vvv vvv vvv

a hgfedcb
(

C j G v vcv v$v v" C Dv v3 E v v/ G u ? qv v. d : z V 0 b ! / q 9 , . y DvJ0v= G 1v) #vPvcv.O QXv2 G u bv(v- qv. d : qv!v: 0v. QOv.d G u: bv!v1v- hOv!v% 1vL6 G v.G vJ0v) bv!v/ G v?v,v. O kv2 Ov2v1v" G u, tv$v. kv2 7 J K L Mp [ vrv v. f: 41] hqvJ6 e G v(v2v2 Uv!v/ G u p [G v vPv. A: 63] G ! 0v7. hqv. d 8vcv. v/ : oH I kvvvvrvvvv. d 8vvvvcvvvv. vvvv/: o 1vcvJ Dvrv- G v$v9vYv$v) vEvrv- hDvs QOv. v- Uv!v/ G u bv!v1v- hOv!v% #vvL8vv2vv7 Dvvs G vv.G vvJ0vv) #vvL8vv2vv7 tvv2vv1vvLI bvv. vv1vv7 Dvv1vv= >vvcvv" Dvvrvv,vv$vv. hG v?vMG A #v) >v(vQ G vcv$v" kvuv$v. 8vJ0v) 8vJG f@ h vrvJ >vcv" G u n o 1vvvL6 B1vvv. Ag, 1vvvL6 1vvv- C h/ Og, h#vvv) bvvvs B1vvv. Ag ; bvvvs 1vvv- C h/ Og, 6 6 1v2vL+v$v. ; kv# 1vSvL 1v. $ >vL G v?vM0v", hG v$v?v. RG I 1v. v$v<v", kv$v) E vv/ 1vvL C h/ Oc tvv$vv. G Dvv9vv. >vv. E vv/ 1vvLc, kvv(f tvv(vv: qvvJ qvv$vv: 8 8 C h/ Oc Ef qvJQ vv G v2vrv. A tv$v. 1v!vfv. g bv(vJc, hOv.a 8vEv9v. L o8 Ovv.a 8vvuvv.f C 1k vv. tvv$vv. tvv. &vv. C 1vv.0vv), hOvv.a 8vv2vv!vvg G vvuvv2vvL bvv(vvJ h/ 8vvPvv9vv<vvrvv" P vvv #vv(vv,vv$vv. kvv(&vvv Ovv.a 8vvuvv.f 1vv$vv(vvM vv9vv,vv$vv. , 1vv,vv$vv. , h/ 8vv9vvYvv?vvL #vv(vv,vv$vv. bvv(vvJ G vvuvv2vvL hG vv$vvLV hG vvYvvcvvm, 6 h8vv2vvPvv] vv,vv$vv. G vv.>vv-, h8vvrvv.e 1vvHvvJ#vv9vv,vv$vv. bvv!vv/ G vv.>vv- G vv0 Fvvs p #vcvVv1v7 G u hkv2 ev1vL #v. kv1v- XvLQ bv!v1vv, 8v!v1v) v,v$v. G vrv.d, E vv1vv,vv$vv. qvv./ hkvvcvv0 1vv. vv$vv. d hG vv2vvJf. 8vv$vv9vv<vv" C #vvL+vv$vv. kvv2 evv1vvL k k Ef Dvvvs G vvv.G vvvJ0vvv) bvvv!vvv1vvvv C f 8vvv2vvvL+vvv$vvv. hP vvvv 1vvv. )DvvvPvvv. f

p [G )OLG A:32-42].

GyJu GyD9yE : It(b Gy(GyO*#

51

"

!%

0$

0$

(1) C v

C kY G $ b . d, Qq (58). Qqv (725); h vPv v , tv9v. H G ) v v. f, 1v. H 1v v. f tv f G ) v v. f 1v. u 8vcv. v G L>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H v G qv v: G vVv0 I, 1v. H kvYv G vVv0 I v qv9v v. ,
#. 1 " . ,

ui
" +$ !1,$ 1! / # " + " 6 #(,% #) ( 0 1#$ +$ 3 / . 1 . + 0 !/ +$1 . 0) 1
G

?,. O k2 O21" G u
%

!%

(1)

Ch G!> . hG ROQG v v. h8vLkvd bv v v v v. hOv v vrv v<v vKG >vMG Ag G vcv. >v o v v v v v v / v vLi $ 1v v v v h/ $ v v Dv vrv v. , hQ1v v v v. G Dv v9v vrv vL v v v v. v G v v. S, hUv. QhG E v G vcvrv b hG vrv\v vcv7, kv9vLi G v G DvJ h vKG vJd bv v C v v v7 Dvs G v G vJ v G vKj C Xv. bv tv<v vL q. d : z y QhG g G 2H. Qj h P . qv v v v: : ;v v C jq ? qv v. d : z y qv v v v: : ;v v C j ? q
!

1vvvvL G vvvv.G vvvvJ0vvvv)

61

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

!%

1!

(1) C v

G ?. FL, Qq (7281). (398) h v vPv v v v ,tv v9v v. H G ) v v. QI, 1v v. H kv vYv v v v v v7 G ) v v. e G v vcv v. Od hbv vrv v 1v v7 GL>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G v?v vcv7, 1v. H G v?v vcv7 kv G vrvLi hG v vJf, Qqv
$ $ 2 $

( 2

!/

!1-

! %:

zEPG

vv. J G 1vv) BOe

[G

h vvrvv d G vv vv2vv Uvv vv G u bvv vv vv hOvv vv 9 . : C j rV . .


.Q:12]

( +%

&

( +%

@=>#$!"'(%&p 856;<9:?
/ 1 .& . 1) .0 ) 2 &1 0 . . #) + 1 0 ! (,% 0. 1 # 1 ,% 1 0(1 1

8v vcv v. v v : o kvv vvuvv vv G qvvLI bvv vv G $ 1vv vv kvv G vvJ vv vv. hG ! GvvLI, vvrvv d G u v vHv vLL G v v G v vJG f v v 8v v2v vcv v7 v vKg G v vLbv v v v7, h v vVv v v vF G $ h/ O bvv vv vv vv e G vvrvv vv. vv7, h1vv9vvL1vv vv9vv vv G vv9vvL1vv vv7 G vvJ vv vv vv7 hG $ Gvv0 qvv vv7
#

Qbvvv1vvv9vvv-y(1). kvv. $ h/ O C #vv. &vv7 kvv2 bvv(vvs G vv.G vvJ0vv), #vvPvv&h/ f vvPvv&hd bvv) Qbvv1vv9vv-, hG vvL>vv" QG Y kvv2 C +vv!vv- h#vvPvv&hd bvv)
( 2 !/ !1!% ! 7 % ! 7 %

[G

0%:6]

&% ^]\[ZY('
& . ,% / 0 .& . 1 !/ & 1 #) #) +$, +2 ($1 0) 2

hqv. d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : ztvv vvuvv QG Y htvv vvuvv G ! 7. p 9EL 8v v v vcv v v v. v v v v : o vvlvv Ovv vv Dvv9vv vvuvv vv G bvv vv >vv. vv3 tvv2vv vvL vv P vvv, qvv. d G u v v C v v v v v v. G v v9v vL1v v v v7 h v v : 8v v v v v v v v7 G v vJ v v hG $ Gv v0 b kv v $ h/ O 8vSv v G v2v v v hG v2v v. J, hDvrv b G $ h/ O tv<v vLI, G
$" (1) ( . 1

yJu GyQG<h : Iu G}h:O


71

GyJu GyQG<h : Iu G}h:O

(1) C v

hk. 8 , Qq (1361). G L>v vPv v , tv9v. H G v Uv v7, 1v. H v. v vEvs G ) vPv. f


- # !% . 1 # 0! &

#v )

G v v .G H v v

<

1cJ

#)

0(

!1,%

#)

!1-

! -

!%

0$

&-

&

2 .

&1

!1-

!1

#(,% $

!1,% #

&,% 0($. ,%

.& -

+% 0

#.

($1 , +

!/ #

#)

"

!/

,% . &

0. #

, .& , % /

0 ( , .& , %

0 )

# )

+ % .

+%

.+ %

,% ,

!1,%

#)

0)

$$

hEf vv Dvvrvv b G $ h/ O C f vv vvlvvs bvv vv vv vv 1vv. vv vvcvvLha vv QhD 1 2. S G 9r i kK v G L. tvK vv v?v3 bv v v C f vfvKj qv v2v 1v. vcv v hG ) v v. f, h vuvPv 8vfvK v7 >vPv G v vJ 1v. v\vcv. e hG vSvLG H htvPv I 1vJ v 1v. v v2v. S ; C h v hC vlvd kv G vJ v v. hG ! GvLI. htv v. C f G v G vJ v?v3 bv v v G $ h/ O kvv vv vvPvv G vv vv vv kvv Rvv A, vvd C f G vv vvEvv. kvv_vv7 bvv vv vv vv C v v v v v v v v v v f v vKG G v v v v. d h v vVv v v vEv v v v v vfv v v vL v v ev v. v v2v v. , C v v. k C vv G vv vv 1vvEvvlvv_vv vv. h8vv vv vv vv9vv vv. hG vvPvv vvL bvv vv vv. vvVvv vvEvv vv. , vvd h v v G v vcv v?v v3 C f v v&/ A Dv vL v vVv v f tv v G v vEv vLU bv v v v RL. hC UvEv. 1v v ? h/ v >v v v v E v Gv vL, h/ v v v v v bv C vvvvvv P vvvvvv2vvvvvv G ? h/ vvvvvv9vvvvvv >vvvvvv. AhG ? h/ vvvvvv C UvvvvvvJqvvvvvv. D vvvvvv n r C h/ O v h vPv v , tv# f / vPv&h v v7 v v bv v v v / vPv# v f h vvrvvJ G Ovv9vv vv. f tvv<vv vvL vv G vv G vvJ vv 1vv vvKG G vvEvvs kvv# Xvv. bvv G 1cJ G . J. J EPG 8vL1v 8vL1v v7 Uv. vEv7 C f vuv f v. kvck v. v G vJ v Dv9v
G v. v
/ 1 0 . & . 0/ #v) 1vcvJg, C h h vJ Uv. vF 0vJbv. v-y . kv,vKG #v) ;v$vLI 8v# O0v3 (1) G &vrv\vd bv$v!v- E/ #v) ;v0 K : UvJqv7 >v. Q0v7, C h bv!v% 0v(v9vlvd 1v-

81

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

/ &vvJQj kvvrvvJ 8vv9vvfvv1vvL G $ Dvv.G d kvv1vv(vvrvv!vv3 G vv2vv. Q bvv. qvv. hG vvcvv. b 3 vvv- kvvvYvvv0 hC f 0vvv(vvvlvvvL G ! GvvvL h0vvvPvvv9vvv$vvvL kvvv2 bvvvrvvv.qvvv-, ;vvv% E&vvv(vvv. k G u, h$ f 8v$v1v1vM G v2v. Q 1v. vcv\v1v7 0v.>v3 C f 0vcv?v3 1v2vLg h0vLi 8 1v. v2vL / 0v?v.R C f 0vcv\v/ bv.Xv. bv) 1vLg ; $ f C >vLn 1vLg bv!v/ k 8 8v$v16vM 1v- #v) G v2vL, h vuv) +vKG ev1vL #v2vLQ v9vHvVv1vVv-, kv. v$v9v$v1vM hG vcv\vm bv!v/ hG vJ0v-, kv1vHvVv- 1v. v,v2v7 hG vcv\v1v7 #v) C >v" #v. h1vcvZ G v(v. S 0v9v$v16vM C DvJ #v) C h/ Og bv) G ! GvL0v) 1v. v2vL
$ #1) 1) ,% 1(,% 1) $.+. 1) 0 " $ . 1)

$1)

/ .

( 1

#1)

0)

#)

!%

G ELh h1 B1. F . G vcvJG hI 1v v v v h1v v G v v v 1v v ; 1v Q1v v. 8vuv f G vcvJG hI 1v v G v_v. v v v , h$ f P vv v&Oj E v 8v vlv vL G v vEvLh v v hDvJhK G ! GvvvL vvv , kvvv(f P vvvv vvv G vvv?vvv Q hG vvv_vvv vvv , hG u / vvvEvvv3 kv G vcv\v. v. hG v v2v. J, kv0 vcv\v 1vcvZ C h/ Og Rv v,k v. h vEvLe D r . $ / C f / vvlvvYvv C DvvJk G vv vv vv bvv vv C DvvJ
h vv

#)

vv vv

b G

"

#(,%

!/

(,

!/

!1-

!% +( $

!,%

#) # #$

- #

1,% .

&-

"

!1,% 1

0$(

,%

"

!1,%

,%

#) 1

&

!1-

#)

QX G u b . . 1vvvK vvvv QOvvv d G u Uvvv vvv G u bvvv vvv vvv hOvvv vvv vvv vvvJ 1vvv vvv: bvvv9vvv2vvv7 kvv vv vv C f vv# GvvKhG vv vv. vv vv. vvuvvlvv vv vv 1vv. vv vvcvvLha tvv vv. C kvv9vv kv v# GvKh v qv vLk G 1vcvJ v v. 8v ? Dv9v v 1vHv bv v v v 1v v. v?v3 vv vv vvcvv vv G vv vv. d kvv Dvv vv. 8vv h vv2vvHvv bvv vv vv vv 1vv vv vv?vv vvcvv vv vv h vvv RvvvuvvvL vvvcvvv vvv7 G u bvvv vvv vvv 1vvv vvv. C bvvv\vvv. g vvv G vvv vvv. d, htvvv vvvm ev vL EOvLG a h/ 8vrvVv vL ; $ f P vv v hG >v3 C h/ Og bv v v
1 #) ! 1-

GyJu GyQG<h : Iu G}h:O

91

G $ h/ O

k2

,27,

Qq% (3261).
tv9v. H

C Rv,vJ, Qqv% (0562), h#vPv!v% (3) C GvvL>vv- G vv2vvHvv. Qj (3261). h#vPv!v%


tv9v. H tvv9vv. H

G v,v2v. J, 1v. H

tvLG +v7 8vlvYv1v" 1vcvZ

G vvSvv,vv. OG J, 1vv. H

/ 0vvSvv,vvJ bvv!vv/ Rvv,vv. OI >vv.Q

EPG

G v,v2v. J, 1v. H
tv 9v. H

tvLG +v7 8vlvYv1v" 1vcvZ

G $ h/ O kv2 G v,v2v7, Qqv%

(2) C GvL>v- G v2vHv. Qj (3261).


tv v9v v. H

G v,v2v7, 1v. H G )Rv,v. O kv2 G v,v2v 7, Qqv% (7852),

G v v,v v2v v. J, 1v v. H

tv vLG +v v7 8v vlv vYv v1v v" 1v vcv vZ

G $ h/ O kv v2 G v v,v v2v v7, Qqv v%

(1) C GvL>v- G v2vHv. Qj tv9v. H G v,v2v7, 1v. H G v,v2v7 v!v. vJ, Qqv% (7852); h#vPv!v%

RhG L kv v0 1v v # S C f 0v v Hv v Vv v - 1v v $v v . 0v v Ev v9v v. L E v v 1v v - ;
#v<v"

$ f +v v KG bv0 L

C f 0vEv9v. L C DvJ G $ h/ O E v/ C OhG J #vuv9v2v1v7 C h


Rv1v,v. 0vEv9v. >v-

Ch

vuv) v. C bv\v/ 1vcvYv,v% G $ h/ O


kv vPv v$v v/
6

hG v<v. &v2 hDLG e.

/ 0vEv9v. >v-

b!/ 1cZ >.QG ;

hG

?.Q ^!% bv v!v v1v v-

zC Rvvv,vvvJ bvvv!vvv/ +vvvKG evvv1vvvLj, kvvv(&vvv2 / C Rvvv,vvvJ bvvv!vvv/ >vvv.Qy . (3) QhG 0v7 : zG 8vvrvv.G G u hG bvvJ vv.G 1vv1vv) C h/ Otvv%y . hkv2 v lv a : (2) QOvvvv.d G u Uvvvv!vvvv/ G u bvvvv!vvvv1vvvv- hOvvvv!vvvv%: zkvvvv# Q>vvvvcvvvv-y . hkvvvv2 (1) h vvJc &vvEvv!vv9vv- #vv<vv" +vvKG ?y kv rv. d : / . kvrv. d hOv !v %: zC tvv" G v(v2v2
Uv!v/

QOv v.d G u o

Uv v!v v/

Gu

hOv v!v v% 8v vlv vYv v1v v" 1v vcv vZ n

Gu

bv!v1v-

hOv!v% 1vK vv kvrv. d G v(v2v2

Uv!v/

Gu

bv!v1v-

G v(vcv$v. f 1v) 1vSv1vL C f C 1v. g 1vSv1vL 1v) hkvv2 G vvVvvEvv1vvEvv1vv) : vvvv


1. QG
3

UvvEvv1vvF

OvcvJ h+v2v- ev0 #v. kv# Gv2vL k G vv2vvHvv. Qj h#vvPvv!vv% vvvv bvv)

$f

r!.H 11J

Gu

0r!2,. t1m 0S. A.

02

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

ui
8HV1W #) >MG A hk. q. , ht$. 8J0) 8JG f. k n o k tvv. f >vvJ0vvLG 1vv. vvcvvrvv.1vv7 1vv# f 0vv(vvuvvL G vv. vvJ Dvvrvv- h0vv2vv9vv!vv/ 1vvcvvrvv.qvvk h#vLG bv. I Dvrv.qv-, h#v9v/ kvLW G v.G vJ 1v$v. 0v?v3 bv!v1v- #v) P vv hG vvv(vvvlvvvrvvv7 ; kvvv(&vvv- DvvvLj C f 0vvv.kvvvs G vvv. vvvJ vvv!vvvrvvv1vvv. e 1vvv2vvvL hG vvvJg h#vvv9vvv/ qvvv. e G vvv.G vvvJ 1vvv$vvv. 0vvv?vvv3 bvvv!vvv1vvv- vvv!vvv. vvvJ #vvv) G vvv9vvvL1vvv1vvv7 C >" G E. >7 k1u.f t. (lr7.

GyJu GyQG<h : Iu G}h:O

12

rqponAmlkj ww ow v u t s
bv v v hOv v : zG v DhG Ef v v v :
!1!% qL R,9% &c% q. : kr. :

p v v : 1v!v/. qv. d : kvK vv vv ;v% qv. d QOv.d G u Uv!v/ G u

v v , C #v. 8vLXv1v) C f C Uv" #v) hUv!vv hC qv\vd #v) qv\vcvv ? v v v : +v KG #v rv . e G v cv . Fv K 1v v #v ) G v rv \v 1v cv 7. kv rv . d G u :


6 2 (( 2 !/ !11 !%

zEf G u Gv v!v vs G v vHv v!v vs Dv v9v v/ EPG kv vLZ #v v(v v,v v% qv v. #v v: G v vLDv v%
+ 0 0 1 2 2 1) ) 2

!/

+.

"

! -

1-

&2 0

[G vvvv(vvvvPvvvv. A:63]

vL vLI QXv G u bv v C f G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v qv. d : G vrvL v3 v v hG v9vLev v3 kv P vv, kvlv G vVvEv vEv v bv C 1v hqvJ tv<vLJ G v vVv U kv G vEv= bv v Uv v7 G vLDv v v h v G SLY hG cr hG l\LI. 1vvEvvPvv3 vv. 8vv9vv\vv vv2vv qvv I G vvrvvLG 1vv7 hG vvEvv. >vv7; h vvKG vv. vvrvv9vvYvv vv 1vv. vv vvcvvLha 1vv2vvKd G vv?vv. g, hG vv vvlvvd G vv2vvJ vv , hG vv vvlvvd G vv vv. vv , kvvvv vvvv?vvvv3 bvvvv vvvv tvvvv qvvvvL vvvv3 C f vvvvVvvvv qvvvvL vvvv2vvvv
1 !/ " 0 " 0 -

edcbaV hUfp g
~ [G )OvvvvvvvvLG A:62] G ! 0vvvvvvvv7. hqvvvvvvvv. d : G v vrv vLG 1v v7 1v vEv vPv v3 qv vL1v v-, qv v. d G u 8v vcv v. v v/ : oL I J hG vHv. d hC h/ O+v% htv" #v) 0v(v9v$v2 E v1vv 1vVv!v7 kv!v- Dvs +vKg v !v rv L0v 3 G v Kj 0v 9v Vv " 1v v kv 2 G v rv LG 1v 7 ; tv . $ N hG v cv %
GyJu GyM9|U :
It

( b G}

s9QH

22

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

# -

!% -

0% %

(1) C v

Qq (8316). (2) C GvL>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G $ OH, 1v. H EtvLG e G vYv vm hGvJ v9v E v. g 1v vlvPv , Qq (4552). h vPv v tv9v. H G v2vL hG vVv v7 hG ! OG H, 1v. H Uv v7 G vLDv h8vEvL v qv\v vcv9v v. , GL>v G v2vHv. Qj tv9v. H G $ OH, 1v. H v hUv hUv v G u, Qqv (7895),
#) " !-

( ,$ 1

!.

"

+.

"

!$

$ !-

+.

"

"

&$

+. #

G v2vHv. Qj bv bv2vJ G u 1v bv vLh 1v G vcv. U QXv G u bv v v v. qvLG 1v9v u, h/ v2v. v Ov G A hUv v g C e / , tv v. kv UvEv vF / 8vvHvv9vvW 1vv. vvrvvL vv3, hG vv G Uvv Dvvrvv vvrvv7 vv : G vvKj vvVvv v v vcvLha 1v v<v v h v Dv. Uv v vrvL v3 hev vLg, kv(f G v vuv. kv# I qvv\vvcvv g. h vvKG vv vvQ 1vv G Uvv kvv G vvEvvrvv vvrvv7 hE vv vv. vv vvuvv. kvv. Vv C qv. Q1v Ef hUv v g, h vrv\vcv v EPG h#v) G v(v S #v) 0v
" $1 0 " !. 0 ,% " 1 0 0

"

1,% ,

"

,%

1,%

(,%

$ 0

,.

+%

#(,% #)

hG lc > c. , V G 2c J h r\d G rL 3. k Dv. >v7 ; 1v Q1v v. C Ov. A E v v v 1v. vrv d C h 1v. vlvcv , C h 1v. vrv d 1vM v. Q8v v h/ 8v OO E v v v 1v vJ v7, h/ Okvd bv v v XvLhQI C h h/ 1vv. vvHvv vvs, 8vv vvYvv G $ vv. e C h G vvSvv vv Q vv. QB vv h/ qvv. e o o G v G DvJ v v v / vcvLa qvLG 1v9v 1vVv v7, / 1v. v v. d h/ 1v. v?v. g t< L v G v v. S vYv vcv f v vKG G vEvs vlvL[v f kv v , 8v?vJ h v v1v
( # 1 . , # . 1!1 " $-

(2)

G ! GL ; k V QD y . 2 Uvv vv G u bvv vv vv hOvv vv


G vv(vv vv2
!/ !1-

! %:

z#vv)
$

tvv. f vv& vv 1vv. u hG vv vv e


0 #) 1.

ihg

[#vvvvvvv

Evvvvvvv vvvvvvvJ:22-

32]

(1)

. h vvvvvvv d

q.

GyJu GyM9|U : It(b G}s9QH

32

(2) C v

q\ c9 . , Qq (8552). G L>v vPv v tv9v. H G v2vL hG vVv v7 hG ! OG H, 1v. H Uv v7 G vLDv


- # !% ! !

h v v 0v %

8EL

(1995). (1) C v v

G L>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj, tvv9vv. H G $ OH, 1vv. H vv vvQ G vv G Uvv 1vv. vv vvuvv. kvv-,Qqvv
-

ui
. , !/ ! $

"

"

+. #

!.

" +

1($

"

+%

(. #

,%

&

,%

(-

% #)

&1

1$

01

#.

G r\ c7 h EV G 92. bJ. v v?vLH vcv v e. htv vKg G vlv G FvJ 8v vcvuvQ Dv v v v. 8vEv 1vcvYv. kv G vSvJG FvJ, hG vPvLhQ hG v2v v?v7 G vEv. Uv v7 1vK vv tv v. k h8v G O v , hDv v 1v cv Yv v bv v 1v cv Z, h v cv . h v 7 1v cv Yv v bvv vv G vvuvvL1vv. J. vvd vv. kvv Uvv vv7 G vvLDvv vv 8vvrvv. QH G $ OvvLI, G vJ v v. hG ! GvLI kv v vJg 1v. vLDv v7, h v vPvL v G $ v Q, h vlvLL u k Uv v7 G vLDv E/ C f G u vVv G v G Uv kv v. v% 0v v) v2
! % " . " 2

. QhG g #P!%. #) G u ^,1L b!1,% #. O#: b!/ P vy (2) z v,v) tv(v: tv$v. qv!v: kvuv# &v$v. 8vPvlv,v% G v$v", h/ 0vMG d #vcvv n q
(,% 0 ,!. !2 ( 2 !/ !1!%

bv v v Uv v
C
1 .

! ,v%

hUv!v,v. y(1). hOv# v- Q>v" kvrv. d : 0v. QOv.d G u; Ef v2 qvLG 1v7 vvvv vvvv$vvvvuvvvv. kvvvv-, h vvvvuvvvv) G vvvv.G Uvvvv" G vvvvKj EPG qvvvv\vvvvcvvvv: QDvvvv$vvvvC f G v v(v v v v2

h v?v v v f bv v q , kvrv. d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : r\c DP P, D h0v v v v.&v(v2, hC v v) E v1v,v% h0v v1v v.f E v2, hC v!v% q

2 Uvv v v

!/

Gu

bv v vv v v hOvv vv qvv. d : z v v v vQ G v v G Uv v
!1!% 1 .

"

42

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

G vv$vvLC I Gvv!vvrvv: #vv) Xvv!vvd, hEf C bvv.L #vv. kvv2 G vvYvv!vvd C bvv0 g,
!/ , !1!% . . ( 1 $ #) 1 $ . #

" #(,$ 5

"

&

,$

1 ( ,$

-@ $

# /

"

#)

1)

$ #

!1-

Uvvv vvv G u bvvv vvv vvv hOvvv vvv : zG Ovvv9vvv Uvvv G 1vvv. vvv vvvPvvv. A Gvvv vvvLk G , kvvv(f Dvv. vv vv. , hC f tvv vv. d G vvEvv. d vv G vv vvEvv. d, kvvrvv. d QOvv d G u h vrvJ >v. AJ G v vVv U G vuv<v vLI 1v. v Uv v7 1v. v vLC I h vLG bv. I t .. tv. f G $ vL 1v. vcvuvQ ; DvVv G vSvrv. b hG v vMG Y h8v vuvJJ Dv v. I v" GvL ; tv. v: Dv v. 8v v v. Ovcv vJI hOG v: G vcvSvLI 1v v v v v. , hEf 1vvK vv h vv9vv qvv. e tvv hG DvvJ vv G vvMh>vv vv 1vv vv. vv?vv3 bvv vv vv tv v. v?v3 bv v G v vLC I C f 8v2vKd vMh>v v. v. v?v3 bv v v v.
0 !/ $ , 0 !1,

[G 2rLI:822]

G ! 07.

. 0 ,/-~ } | { z
,. #) 1 #$ . ! / $ 0 " $ 1 !/ 1) 0 " #(,$

o p [G v vPv. A:91] G ! vv7, hqvv. d 8vvcvv. vv : hOvv vv vv7 vv evv vvL 8vvuvvLg vv2vvK vv h/ vv vv. [vv vv7. qvv. d G u 8vvcvv. vv : 1vvv. vvv vvvcvvvLha, hC f vvv2vvvKd G vvvEvvvs G vvv G >vvv3 vvv 1vvvuvvv Ovvv vvv. Dvvv7 kvvv vvv?vvv3 bvvv vvv G vvvMh>vvv vvv C f vvvcvvv. RvvvL tvvv vvv vvv vvv vvv. G ! GvvvL
Dr.b 1J&17, hDr.b G >9$. b17, hDr.b #. 17. G vvMhL hRh>vv9vv-, 0vv!vvMe tvv" hG DvvJ #vv(vv,vv$vv. 1vvEvvrvv.b vv" GvvL : v!vMhG L B;v. Q +v. #v7, h#vrv9vYv1v. J tv2v1vLI; kv,v. QG 1v\v7 1v1v)
GyJu GyT9OS :
GyJu GyT9OS : Iu GyRhF+#
Iu

GyRhF

+#
52

(3) C GL>(2) C GL>-

#P!%, t9. H #P!%, t9. H

G G

LX. Y, 1. H LX. Y, 1. H

G G

.U17 1. (P. A, .U17 1. (P. A,

Qq% (9641). Qq% (8641). Qq% (8641).

(1333), h#P!%,

t9. H

LX. Y, 1. H

.U17 1. (P. A,

(1) C GvL>v- G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H C Dv. O0v= G $ &v2v1v. A, 1v. H

Gv !vs

BOe hPQ0v9v-, Qqv%

hEf
1$(_. Q

tv v<v v1v vLG #v v)

G $ RhG L 0v vL0v vJhf G v vEv v. v v7 G v vuv v. #v v!v v7 #v v)


uLG +17

PH]

hG

hDJg.

kv!v1vrv. Q&v- 1v. vHv!vs

G v<v. &v2 G vKj 0vLXv. g #v(v,v. , h/ 0v(v_vL E v1v,v.

hkv v2

G vv$vvEvv. Ovv) hG vv$vvPvv. h+ kvv2 G vv$vvLC I, kvv(&vv- EPG tvvLg #vv(vv,vv. Gvv!vvrvv. k G $ Dv v. O0v v= C &v v- 0v v(v v2v vfv v2 v v*&v vPv v. f C f 0v vrv v. Qf 1v v1v v)
+v vKg

0vvPvv9vv$vv9vvd 1vv,vv.

G vvL>vv", E/

bvv!vv/

G vv\vv2vv1vvcvv7 G vv9vv2

Gvv!vvrvv: bvv!vv1vv,vv. @

G v v.>v v- G v vuv v. #v v" ; 1v v"


#v. 8v1vPvL

/ 1v vJ kv v1v v,v v. #v v) bv v.L,

h/ 0v v$v vuv v) C f
/ 8vuv.f bv!v/

$ f [v2v1vcv9v,v.

G v9v2 #v(v,v.

Gv!vrv:

Cf

C #v9v- tv1vm

kvvlvv2 +vvKg

0vcv. #v" G vL>v" G v$vLC I hC &v- 0v(v2vfv2 C f 0v# GvK #v(v,v. n o G $ Dvv. O0vv= EQRvv. O G vv(vv2vv2 Uvv!vv/ G u bvv!vv1vv- hOvv!vv%

BGLy(3). h#c(/ / 0lLc : / 02fZ. z/ 0vlvLc #v&#v) #v&#v(v7, Ef tvLg #v(v,v. Gv!vrv. QXv2 #v(v,v. Gv!vrv. o k o k htvvvvPvvvvL+vvvv. [vvvv0 qvvvv,vvvv. y(2). hqv v. d Uv v!v v/ G u bv v!v v1v v- hOv v!v v%: G Ovv9vv$vv9vvcvv: 1vv,vv. hkvv1vv,vv. bvv.L, hEf P+vv2vv: 8vvrvv1vv$vv,vv. tvvPvvL8vv,vv. Xvv!vvd, h vv) 8vvPvv9vvrvv1vv% vvv bvv!vv/ [vvL0vvrvv7, kvv(f G Ovv9vv$vv9vvcvv: 1vv,vv. Ef G v$vLC I Gv!vrv: #v)
kv. Ov9v.Uv.G 1v. v(vPv. Ay kv v(f P+v v2v v: 8v vrv v1v v$v v- tv vPv vL8v v-, hEf 8v vLtv v9v v- v v% 0v vMd C bv v.L,
(1)

. hkv2 QhG 0v7 : z

62

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

(0581).
) # ( $ !/ %

!/

- #

!%

( 2

!/

!1-

!%

(1)

(2412), hG 1vv vv. >vv , tvv9vv. H G vv vvuvv. M 1vv. H Dvvs G vv vvLC I bvv vv G vvMhL, Qqvv (3) C GvL>v C 1v OG hO, tv9v. H G v vuv. M, 1v. H kv Dvs G v vLC I bv v Rh>v v. , Qqv (2) C GL> P , t9. H G E@, 1. H D?7 G 2 U G u b hO Qq 7312. O2s 8HL ?
0 -@

h#vv) Dvvrvv.b G vvMh>vv7 bvv!vv/ Rh>vv,vv. : C f 0vvcvvJd 1vv1vv(vv,vv. h1vv1vv) h/ 8,?L E/ k2 G 21:y QhG g C 1. OG hO(3). h8v uv Pv .+v . EPG G tv 9v Pv 1v :, h/ 8v Yv LH G v .>v - h/ 8v rv 2v F,
# & !1-

>v. Q8v v. Ef tv. f


,

v- Rh v

> 7 ;v. v v7, vcvJd 1v v v v v. kv G ) vlv. b


&1 0 1(,$ 2 &

8\c$,.

[c$:

,) b!1u%

q,)

t P .8 , ) 1 . $ c L
( 2 !/

(2)

"

[G v v v I:332]
. -

! 1-

!%

&

#)

#) Dr.

M >7 b!/
0 "

>,.
0)

!-

[ 0 q ,.
!1$

(1)

1(

+"

" #

!%

+ 2 : 8 r 1 $ , . t P L8 , . $ .

t P L+ .
!/

0 $

(.

#)

,%

v. Dvs Rh>v7 C DvJ v. bv v v kvrv. d : zC f v v v v v EPG v v v , zh v v v v v v QR v v h v v v v v v v v hay , hOv,v (p 2 r L hqv. d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : P v v v vv ; v v v vrv v v v v v v v 8v v v vcv v v v. v v v v : o# $ ! " ' vvlvvrvv9vv vv. vv G vv\vvcvv. e hG vvSvvLG H hG vvuvvPvv I hG vv vvPvvuvv h8vv G 1vvd h v v v v v v b G v v h v v v v v v Rh v v v : C f v vrv v e 1v v G >v v3 8lc G Mh>7 EPG t. f / H 1. J C h G SLa. v v v y . kv v v2vfv v vMhL C f v9vPv. v h v9vfv. Xv bv tv v. bvvvv vvvv vvvv hOvvvv vvvv : zhEf P vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv vvvv h vvvv vvvv vvvv hQ1v v. C Oi P vv E v G v\v0 b tv v. qv. d QOv d G u Uv v G u G vv vvuvvJ, h/ vv9vv vvuvv vv f vv G / Ovv9vv vv9vv. Y hG vv vv9vvcvv7 1vvMh>vv. 8vv vv , > .8 K Rvv A evv vvL vv vvuvv ; h1vvK vvv vvrvvcvv f kvv Rh v v v v,v v%, h+v v G
2 1 #$ ) 0 . 2

GyJu GyT9OS : Iu GyRhF+#

72

(P. A,

Qq% (1791).

G vYvLG FvL, Qqv% (0411), hG 1v) #v. >v-, tv9v. H G v(vuv. M, 1v. H G vrvPv$v7 1v1v) (4312), hG v v9v vL#v vKj, (2) C Gv vL>v v- C 1v v. OG hO, G
(P. A,

tv v9v v. H

G v v(v vuv v. M, 1v v. H #v v.

>v v. A kv v2

G v v9v vPv v.0v v7 1v v1v v)

tv v9v v. H

G v v(v vuv v. M, 1v v. H kv v2 G v vrv vPv v% 1v v1v v) G v v(v vPv v. A, Qqv v%

Qq% (9691).

G vYvLG FvL, Qqv% (1411), hG 1v) #v. >v-, tv9v. H G v(vuv. M, 1v. H G vrvPv$v7 1v1v) (3312), hG v v9v vL#v vKj, (1) C Gv vL>v v- C 1v v. OG hO,
tv v9v v. H

G v v(v vuv v. M, 1v v. H #v v.

>v v. A kv v2

G v v9v vPv v.0v v7 1v v1v v)

tv v9v v. H

G v v(v vuv v. M, 1v v. H kv v2 G v vrv vPv v% 1v v1v v) G v v(v vPv v. A, Qqv v%

vcv. FvSv7 ; htv. f QOv.d G u

Uv!v/

Gu

bv!v1v-

hOv!v% 0vPv# d h+v. h+v2v 9vGu


Ov .OI bvvv!vvv1vvv-

hOv!v% 0v rvPv % vcv. FvSv 7 0v.#v,v. h0v.e


1vvvLXvvv. +vvv. kvvv0 1vvv# S

Ov .OI Dv 1v )

; tvvv$vvv.

tvvv. f

QOvvv.d G u

Uvvv!vvv/

h v vuv v) v v. kv vYv v" EDv vJG +v v$v v. q


k0 8!$(2 k1$. 8$!v

bv v!v v/

G $ Gv vLi kv v2 G v v$v v2v v1v v:

h/ C #!vy(2).

bv (vv,v ) kv 1vvcvvJd

h0vvrv .d : zG Gu
bv!v1v-

v !v ,v % +vKG qv Pv$v2 kv 1v$v . C #v!v v,

QOv.d G u

Uv!v/

hOv!v% 0vrvPv% 1v1v) &vPv. Fv- QXv2 G u

[G vvvvvvv(vvvvvvvPvvvvvvv. A:921].

htvvvvvvv. f

IJKLE NOP
+v vKG 1v vfv v1v vL

G Ov v9v v\v v. bv v9v v-. qv v. d G u 8v vcv v. v v/ :


/

kvv1vv-

; tvv. vv$vvEvv2vv7 hQG Dvv7 G vv(vvlvvQ kvv(&vv-

E;vv%

bvv!vv1vv- kvv1vv-

$f

. hC #vv. #vv. / 0v $v uvv(vv- C f 0v cv Jd 0vv.e G vvrvv1vv. #vv7 hRvvrvv- #vv. Fvv"y (1) vv vv vv- G #vvLC 8vv. f kvv$vv. d E vv/ EDvvJG +vv$vv. ; >vv. A

hOvv!vv%: z#vv)

t.&:

E v v/ EDv vJG +v v$v v.

tv v2v v1v vLI #v v)

G v vuv v2v v. Fv vL, qv v. d

Uv v!v v/

Gu

bv v!v v1v v-

hG vvPvvuvv(vv/ hG vv$vv2vv1vv: htvv" #vv. 0vv$vvuvv(vv- G vvcvvJd kvv1vv-, kvv(f G vv$vv1vv"

82

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

$LC I,

Qq% (9511).
>v. A kv2 Dvs bv v!v v/

(0412), hG v9vL#vKj, tv9v. H G vLXv. Y, 1v. H #v. (2) C Gv vL>v v- C 1v v. OG hO, Q X2 G u


tv v9v v. H

G v Mh L

bv!v/

G v v(v vuv v. M, 1v v. H

Dv vs

G v vMhL

G v v$v vLC I, Qqv v%

8c. / b(,. ,

Qq% (3442). G vvvVvvvEvvv. 1vvv7, 1vvv. H kvvv2 kvvvYvvv"


bvvv. FvvvSvvv7

(7125), h#vvvPvvv!vvv%, (1) C GvvL>vv- G vv2vvHvv. Qj,

tvvv9vvv. H kvvvYvvv. Fvvv"

tvv9vv. H

G vv(vvuvv. M, 1vv. H EPG G Ovv9vv# Pf G vvL>vv" &vvPvv. Ag, Qqvv%

kv vLG Rv v- kv v# 1v v:

C f 8v v?v v2A, kv v2v v. J


bv !v 1v -

ev vYv v2v v. f bv v!v v1v v,v v.

; v vcv v(v v9v v,v v.

G v (v2v 2

Uv !v /

Gu

hOv !v % : zEPG Obv. G v L>v" G #v LC 8v- E v/


(2)

$ DvvvvvJ $ #vvvvvLJ

G vvvvv$vvvvvLC I C f 8vvvvvPvvvvv?vvvvvJ vvvvvMh>vvvvv,vvvvv. y


bv!v1v-

. hqvvvvv. d

G v(v2v2

Uv!v/

Gu

hOv!v% : z v. tv(v:

1vvvv$vvvvcvvvvVvvvv1vvvv7

G u, hC f 8vvvvEvvvvlvvvv_vvvv- kvvvv2 G vMhL


bv!v/

OvvvvLg

B#vLG C DvJG C f 0vPv?vJ k k h#vvvv. vvvv-, kvvvvrvvvvJ qvvvv. d

kv$v) Dvrv.b

Rh>v9v-: C f 8v\v1vcv- kv2 C #vLg E/


.

8 1 2p NOPIJKL567
[G
(P. A:43]

1v$vVv. vEv,v.

h8v# O0v2v,v. h8v.>v1v,v,v.


[G v2vrvLI:822]

tv$v. qv. d 8vcv. v/


6

oM

{ zp
bv !v 1v -:

hG vL>v" qv.G e

bv!v/

G v$vLC I 0vrv.e

vrv. v- 8vcv. v/: G vvMhL


.

C #vv.

Dvvrvv.b

bvv!vv/

./0~}|
Rh>vv9vv- kvv,vv2 C bvv_vv% #vv)
Dvvrvv.qvv,vv. evJG

D9/ #. Jy kv# Pf

(1)

v- C RhG >v- C f 0vuv.f

Dv1v= Rv. A, kvuv. f kv2 1v1v: bv. FvSv7

kv2 #vLXv-

G vKj #v. J kv1v-: zC 0v) C &v.

? C 0vv v ) C &v.

evvvvvJG

GyJu GyT9OS : Iu GyRhF+#

92

$LC I,

Qq% (4581).
Dvs

G v$vLC I, Qqv% (1611), hG 1v) #v. >v-, tv9v. H G v(vuv. M, 1v. H (3) C Gv vL>v v- G v v9v vL#v vKj, G
tv v9v v. H

G vMhL

bv!v/ bv v!v v/

G v vLXv v. Y, 1v v. H #v v.

>v v. A kv v2 Dv vs

G v vMhL

c2J #) #. d #./ g,

Qq% (6201).

$ DvvvJ E/ 1vvv(P&vvv-,

Qqvvv% (5915), h#vvvPvvv!vvv%, tvvv9vvv. H G vvvMtvvv. I, 1vvv. H #vvv. C &vvvlvvvs


tvv9vv. H

(2) C GvvL>vv- G vv2vvHvv. Qj,


kLG T

G vv(vvuvv. M, 1vv. H

/ 8vv# Pf

G vv$vvLC I kvv2 1vv1vv: Rh>vv,vv.

Rh>,. , Qq% (6341).

Rh>v,v. , Qqv% (3915), h#vPv!v%, tv9v. H G v(vuv. M, 1v. H 8vEvL0v% G #v9v(v. bv,v. kv2 (1) C Gv L>v - G v 2vHv. Qj,
tv 9v . H

G v (vuv. M, 1v. H EPG 1v. 8v : G v$v LC I #v,v. >vLI kv LG T

ui
bv v(v v,v v. Uv!v/

OG!: G ?(7y
bv!v1vDv vJ0v v= bv)

hOv!v% qv. d: zC 0v$v. Ce


Ov v!v v$v v7

(3)

m G #vLC I #v. 8v: hRh>v,v. bv(v,v. QG V ;


C f QOv v.d G u
Uv v!v v/

QXv v2 G u

Gu

Rh>v9v- #v) C Ov2v. H OGv. v,v. G v?v(v7 ; kvLhi G v9vL#vKj #v)


>vcv"

h vrvJ

QOv.d G u

Gu

bv!v1v-

hOv!v% QXv/ G vMhL

. 1(P&-y (2) hRh>vvvv,vvvv. Rvvvv. +vvvvJ E/ 1vvvv(P&vvvv-, h/ 8vvvv# Pf $ DvvvvJ kvvvv2 1vvvv1vvvv9vvvv- E/ vvvvvv vv vvvvvv C I C f 8vvVvvvvvv.e

G vv(vv2vv2

Uvv!vv/

Gu

bvv!vv1vv-

hOvv!vv% : z/

0 E" / # L

G / Ov v9v v$v v9v v. Y

Dv v9v v/

h v v. tv v. f P v vv 8v v\v v.bv v. 1v vcv v2v v. OI ; v vrv v v v.d k


8vcv$v" bv$v0 0vYv1vd bv!v1v- tv$v. d

h#v) Dvrv.qv- bv!v1v,v. : C f / G $0 Fu7 D9/ 8V2Fy(1).


03
It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

0vvvv9vvvv./ g G )&vvvvPvvvv. f #vvvv) C #vvvv.Q+vvvv%, h8vvvvKtvvvv1vvvvL+vvvv% EPG evvvvlvvvv!vvvv.G , : G vv(vvVvvF vv,vv% kvv1vv$vv.
hC #vv. Dvvrvv.b G vv./ I bvv!vv/ G vvLbvv1vv7 kvv,vv2

t1m 0S. A. #vv&&vv7 G vv(vv. S hC QXvv. +vv% bvv(vv- ; $ f G vvrvv!vv.H 1vv1vvJ G u 0vvrvv!vv2vv,vv. kvvv(f #vvv) G 8vvvrvvv/ G u G 8vvvrvvv. g G vvv(vvv. S, h#vvv) C QXvvv/ G u tvvvlvvv. g G u hG vvHvvYvv.Y $ hG #vvL+vv% hDvvlvva G $ #vv. &vv7 kvv1vv$vv. 0vv. vv.&vv- E0vv. +vv%; 0vvvvuvvvv.f 1vvvv- QXvvvv. G vvvvLbvvvv1vvvv7 bvvvv) Qbvvvv. 8vvvv,vvvv% hG / Q8vvvv2vvvv. W 1vvvv1vvvv(vvvv,vvvv% G vPvcv. OI v,v% h vLbv1v9v,v% h#v) 8vEv: C 0vJ0v,v%, h+v2 C 1v!vg Rv2A tvvv. f bvvv!vvv1vvv,vvv. QOvvv.d G u Uvvv!vvv/ G u bvvv!vvv1vvv- hOvvv!vvv%, kvvv(f kvvv1vvv,vvv. hG ! GvLI, hP vv 1v. 8v2v. Y Ov2v1v" G v$v&#v(v1v), h+v2 G v\vL0vs G v9v2 hG vvPvv1vvL 1vv,vv. bvv!vv/ G vv(vv,vv@ G vvrvv.0vv% G vvuvvlvv1vv" 1vv$vvVvv. vvF G vvJ&vv1vv. Dv$v!v,v% G u E0v. +v. hC vM#v,v% G vrv1v. e 1v,v. , #v) G v(vVvF v!vLbv1v7, : C f 0vrv.#v.G 1v. $ #v. &v7 G v9v2
kvvEvvrvv.b G vvLbvv1vv7 bvv!vv/ G vv./ I

tK v.

Dvvs 0vv?vv3 G vvrvv1vv. e 1vv- bvv!vv/ Qbvv1vv9vv,vv%, h vvLbvv1vv9vv,vv% Dvvs bvv!vv1vv,vv% tv. vLFv1vQ bv!v/ EOG QI #vcv1v(v7 C h bv$v" #vcv1v)@ htv" +v&/ A v,v% G vv./ 0vv7 bvv. #vv7 ; tvv. vvLFvv1vvQ G $ bvv!vv/ kvv2 G vvJh vv7, C e Gvv. Uvv7; : +v% G vK0v) 0v9v. v.f C #v.Q G v$vPv!v$v1v), Ov.G A tv. &v:
G v./ I

GyJu GyT9<h :

It

(b G (
y

:I

hGyQf

GyJu GyT9<h : It(b Gy(:I hGyQf+?

13

0$, #

!%

(1) C vv

e L cV 7 h8EL . k G cV 7, Qq (9381). Qqv (5592), h v Pv v , tv 9v . H G ) v. QI, 1v. H h>v H [v. bv 7 G $ v LG A kv G L>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj, tvv9vv. H G vv?vv vv. O hG vvPvv vvL, 1vv. H G vvPvv vvd hG vv\vv. bvv7 vv* vv. e,
, 1 $ #

BGvvL+vv. 1vv0 A hC #vv.Q 8vv(vvuvvLh&vv,vv. , h8vv?vv- kvv9vv(vv7 0vvLqvvs 1vvcvvYvv,vv. hEf C #vvv9vvvuvvv% +vvvKg >vvvcvvv!vvv: bvvv. kvvv1vvv9vvv,vvv. kvvv2 C h vvv,vvv. , hOvvv1vvvVvvv1vvv3 C #v9v- bv!v/ Gv1vL #v. 0vcv!v$v- v,v%, h0v(vKQ+v% RvL #v. 0vcv!v$v- v,v%,
&- # #) & 2 ( !10 3 # $ / . !/ !1-

!%

#(

!/

!1-

!%

!/

!1-

!%

#(

kvrv. d: zE vv vv. vv vv2vv 1vvcvv<vv G u E/ tvv. f Dvvrvv. bvv vv vv C f vvJd >vvv. vvvcvvv7 kvvv. >vvv9vvv vvvcvvv vvv. E vvv QOvvv d G u Uvvv vvv G u bvvv vvv vvv hOvvv vvv v v v v. Oj QOv v d G u Uv v v v G u bv v v v v v hOv v v v kv vrv v. d : G v vVv v0 I QOv d G u Uv v G u bv v v hOv v kv OvlvL kv vM v v. v vM/ kv v. Oi k q . bv v2v vJ G u 1v v bv v v vL QXv v G u bv v v v v v v v. : tv v v v. v vd
h vv d
) $ 2 ( , $ ( #

k(PG C #L 1$cV17, k0 O$d h/ [. b7y #9ls b!1- . (1) G vPv$vd hG v\v. bv7 kv1v$v. C Dv3 htvLg, E/ C f 0v&#vL 1v$vcvVv1v7, n 6 bvv!vv1vv- hOvv!vv%: zbvv!vv/ G vv$vvLA G vv$vvPvv!vv%
h vv d G vv(vv vv2
[G
(

q.

2 Uvv vv

!/

Gu

A:95]

. .

,%

1 &,% 2

&

#.

&

#-

G ! 7. (p P. 8v vcv v. v v : o- 0 / " ! $ # & % h vvK vvv C vvL G u 1vv\vv. bvv9vv h[vv. bvv7 QOvv vv hC h vv G $ vvL kvvrvv. d v Hv . v lv 9v v hbv Vv v . v v G v 9vvSv . Q G vvlvv Xv hkv Pv . O G $ v Q, vvvcvvvVvvv vvv7 G u ; $ f kvvv P vvvv qvvv G e G $ vvvL hG vvv9vvv_vvv. vvv , hkvvv Jbv. A v v EPG v. v G bv G vEvs, hG v9v<v. d C vL v kv ev vL hG v
,% # . ) # # +% 2 1

23

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

Qq% (6481). (2) C GvL>v- #vPv!v%, tv9v. H G )#v. QI, 1v. H


k . $ hd , [v. bv7

G $ #vLG A hEf #v(vcv.G G vEvrv.b,

Qq% (4481).

(1) C GvL>v- #vPv!v%, tv9v. H G )#v. QI, 1v. H h>v.H G v.kv. A 1v2v1vcv7 G vHv!vlv. A G $ hd

b!/

.>-

$\!.H.

G v./ I EPG v% 8vPv. bvJ+v% G vLbv1v7 G v$v?v9v$vd,


Dv9v/ 8vPv1vL

bv !v/ #vPv&h v1v. 8v,v%

v% 8v# J

G $ #v.Q

bv!v/

G v.>v- G v$v\v!v.H; kv(f

G v$v.tv.d E v1v,v%, hC f 0vcvLa

tv"

hG DvJ OhQg h#vPv,v. v1v9v- kv2 k v,v%


bv!v/ 8v(vlv1vK

kv2 #v,v$v. 8v,v%, 1vEv1v= 0vuv.&v.f bv.&v.

G $ #vL

v./ 8v,v%
(2)

h#v) Dvrv.b G v./ I bv!v/ G vLbv1v7: #vPv. bvJI G vLbv1v7 hC [1c.G k(&$. b!1,% #. D G hb!1u% #. D$!9%y
$!. 8

.
$ .

;vv. &vv1vv7, kvvrvv. d

QOvv.d G u

Uvv!vv/

Gu

bvv!vv1vv-

hOvv!vv%: zG

Ovv vvcvv G
Dvvvrvvv,vvv%

h0v$v (v cv.&v .
0vvv. &vvv2vvv2

Dv rv (v . kv $v . 8v # #v L&v .

? kv # bv LV
bvvv!vvv1vvv(vvv.

bv (v -, ;v % Ov # v - #v LI

G u C QC 0vvv: Ef qvvv. #vvv: hOv# d G v(v2v2


Uv!v/
0(

C #vvvLG A 0vvvPvvv# vvv.&vvv.

. #vPv!v% (1)

Gu
-

bv!v1v-

hOv!v% Q>v" kvrv. d : l


(

# #

!1

/ (

1-

#)

"

- #(1 -

+. 0

#)

1.

1 .

$ #) (

$)

G Ov9v\v. Y, kv(f >v. Ag BGvL v v. Rbv kv. XvL1v G bv vs G ! GvLy QhG g 1vvv. vvvd E vvv. k vvv. kvvv# bvvv\vvv. g Uvvvlvvvrvvv7 vvvJg h;vvv vvvLI qvvv vvv2vvv kvvv vvv vvv\vvvcvvv Ef G ! GvL, h v v# J E v G v v. S G vKj vEv3 C f v&8v E v v , h v G vv vv. Q h vvJGvv G vv?vv vv7 ; kvv vv9vv# 8vv vv vv vv9vv h vv vv& vv 1vv. u hG vv vv e G vlv9v v7 kv vrv d G v v& v : vKg vKg, kv v C Dv3 C f vMDvMM bv 1vcvYv. , 8v?v- G vlv9v v7 kv vrv d G v v& v : vKg v v vuv9v . h8v?vk
1 . $ #) + #,! 2

GyJu GyT9<h : It(b Gy(:I hGyQf+?

33

1-

!%

(1) C vv

hG )DP. f E , Qq (4262, 5262). 5106), h v Pv v , tv 9v . H G v 2v L hG v Vv v 7 hG ! OG H, 1v . H G v Uv v 7 1v . v ?v . Q G L>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj, tvv9vv. H G $ OH, 1vv. H G vv Uvv. I 1vv. vv?vv. Q, Qqvv (4106,
. %

!/

!1-

!%

Gvvv1vvvL G vvv?vvv1vvvLG f bvvv(vvvJ G u Gvvv1vvvL+vvv%


( .

#)

Uvvv vvv G u bvvv vvv vvv hOvvv vvv : z G Ov v9v v\v v. Y v v G v v v v. d hG v v?v v. g hG v v v vlv vd, kv vrv vJ qv v. d QOv v d G u EP 1 .
kvvv$vvv) Dvvvrvvv.b G vvv?vvv. Q bvvv!vvv/ >vvv. Qg

: C f 0vvv vvv vvv) E vvv1vvv- vvv$vvv

9ls b

!1. (1)

z#vv. RG d
[G vvv(vvv

>vv2vvL0vv" 0vv.Uvv1vv(vv2 1vv. vv?vv. Q Dvv9vv/ ^vv(vv(vv: C &vv- Ovv1vv.Q;vv-y

Pvvv. A:63]

! vvv7. hqvvv. d G vvv vvv2vvv Uvvv vvv


0 ( 2 /

!/

Gu

bvvv vvv vvv hOvvv vvv


!1-

! %:

XWRQTS ba ^
. @ 1 1 # !% !0 1 $ !% !. . @ @ # !$ 1 0 2 (

!-

!1

#(

+. #

!%

!-

G vvv?vvv G Q. qvvv. d G u 8vvvcvvv. vvv : o VU G v rv LG 1v 7 hEf tv . f 1v cv v JG ev v L v Pv v kv v Dv s hG Dv J : Dv s k qvvvL vvv2k vvv. h vvv vvvQ 1vvv vvvPvvv vvv kvvv vvv Dvvvrvvv. f : Dvvvs G vvv?vvv G Q, hDvvvs Dv vrv v. f : Dv vs G v v?v v G Q, hDv vs G )Ov v0 e htv vK v vv Ef tv v. f G )Ovv0 e hEf tvv. f vvPvv vv vv. h vv vvQ 1vvrvvL vv3 kvv G vv vvPvv3 ; kvv vv k ;v v v0 ;v v v7 Dv v vrv v v b : Dv v vs G v v v?v v v G Q, hDv v vs G v v vrv v vLG 1v v v7, hDv v vs bvv vv vvv k ( t . q L 2 . vv vvv kvv G vv vvPvv3 h vv vvPvv vv ; kvv vv r L 3 v v v vv kv v G v v v v v vMd h v v Dv vs tv v2v v v vL
G vvv?vvv. Q +vvv.

, vv f vv f vv 0vv vv k : G v v v v 0v v

#(

$(

GyJu GyD9|

#:

Iu

GyG

QGf

43

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

(5) C

GL> P
- # -

!%,

t9. H G ) . f, 1. H 8EL
0$

0%

E0 G A G

?. Q, Qq

(64).

(6106).
% #) 0 #) . %

1-

- #

!%

!%

0$

!/

(4) C GvL>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G $ OH, 1v. H E;v v / v# v >v. Qg 1v G Fvrv , Qqv hG )DP. f E , Qq (5262). (3) C GvvvL>vvv vvvPvvv vvv , tvvv9vvv. H G vvv2vvvL hG vvvVvvv vvv7 hG ! OG H, 1vvv. H G vvv Uvvv vvv7 1vvv. vvv?vvv. Q EtLG e G ?. Q hG Y m h Mhe G V : (84). kv0 v&P >v. Qg, Qqv (9106), h vPv v , tv9v. H G ) v v. f, 1v. H G vEv= bv v G L>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G $ OH, 1v. H v tv. f v& v 1v. u hG v v e G ! GvL (2) C v
#) 0 #) 1.

(4491) (1) C v v

G L>vv

G vv vv

9 L v vKj, tvv9vv. H G v v2vvL hG vvVvv vv7, 1v v. H vv. >vv. A kvv Dv vs G vv?vv


# ! # 2

.G Q

!1 .

$ #)

"

(5)

$)

0 #) #)

(4)

"

0 #) #) 0

#) 0

! %

# )

# )

# )

. 2 #)

!2

!/

!1-

!/

(-

k Q 1 & h/ JG G ? 7. 1v G Fvrv y hG v2v G Fvs: G vSvLhQ kv v / v# v >v. Qog RvLg ; 1v G Fvrv y . hkv QhG v7 : z/ vJGv G v?v v7 v / v# v >v. Qog kv vrv v. v v G : v v v v. QOv v d G u? qv v. d : zG v vKj / v v# v v >v v. Qog hOvvvv vvvv : zhG u / vvvv& vvvv , hG u / vvvv& vvvv , hG u / vvvv& vvvv y G v vrv v v v hG v vlv vcv v v v , kv vrv vJ qv v. d QOv v d G u Uv v v v G u bv v v v v v h vvv Dvvvrvvv b G vvv?vvv. Q bvvv vvv >vvv. Qg : C f vvvuvvvm bvvv vvv G $ Pi . O2. J; k(f G J 7 8? 3 G OI h8M G cJG hI.
G
$( , 0 ! $. 0"

h#vvv) G )DvvvPvvv. f E vvv/ G vvv?vvv. Q : 8vvvrvvvJ0vvv% G vvv,vvvJG 0vvv.

E vvv1vvv- vvv2

k# t<L #. A+. h8c. +J >1LG &vy(3). kvv!vv1vvEvvPvv) E vv/ >vv. Qgy(2). hqvv. d C 0vvYvv. : zEPG [vv2vvHvv: #vvLqvv7, k v v?v v. Qgy(1). hqv v. d : z#v v) tv v. f 0v v&#v v) 1v v. u hG v v1v v.e G ! Gv vL ;
GyJu GyD9|# : Iu GyG+QGf

53

ui
G $P!$1) h82. bJ q!.1,% hEOr. W 1cY,% DL#7 1cZ. htv" +vKG #vHv. vm v$v. C #vL G u 1v- hQOv. v-, h#v.>v3 v9vlvuvv hRvrv. b hG bv9vJG A bv!v/ G vEvrv.b, hE0vKG A 1v. vrv.d C h 1v. vlvcv"@ >vvv1vvvLG &vvv,vvv% #vvv) RvvvLhQ+vvv%, kvvv9vvvLG +vvv% OG Fvvv$k vvv. kvvv2 &vvvMG Y #vvvcvvv,vvv% o htv<v1vL #v) G v(v. S G ! f / 0v,v9v$v.f 1vEvs G v?v.G Q h/ 0v# #v)
63
It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

$&#(.f

hC f

#E27

$&#(1) #)

G )0$. f.@@, Qq% (45).


/ 0v v JGv v "

(2) C Gv v L>v v - #v v Pv v !v v %,
t9. H

tv v 9v v . H

G )0v v $v v . f, 1v v . H 1v v1v v . f C &v v 1. 82. Y

G v v ?v v (v v7 E/

?(. FM 1. H

G $ #L

?(. FM,

Qq% (0421).

Qqv% (2612), hC GvL>v- G v2vHv. Qj 1v!vlva qvL0v3 hkv1v- (Gv$vQ) 1vJd (Ov:) (1) C GvL>v- #vPv!v%,
tv9v. H

G vPv0 e, 1v. H #v)

Dvs

G v$vPv!v% v!v$vPv!v% QO G vPv0 e,

hG vvPvv(vv7 C f 0vvPvv!vv% G vvVvvfvv1vvL


r1- 1. P0 e,

bvv!vv/

G vvuvv2vv1vvL, hG vvrvv!vv1vv" EPG


#L 1,%. 6

bvv!vv/

h0P!%

b!/

V21. f

/ 8 JG ! .

. htv. f QOv.d G u Uv!v/ G u bv!v1v- hOv!v% 0v2vJC #v) 1vv1vv(vvuvv%y (2) C kvv0 C Gvv2vvLtvv% 1vvSvv2A EPG kvvcvv!vv9vv$vv.g 8vvEvv. 1vv2vv9vv%? C kvvSvv.G G vvPvv0 e v v v G G v?v(v7 Dv9v/ 8v&#v(v.G , h/ 8v&#v(v.G Dv9v/ 8vEv. 1v.G ,

0vvvvJd bvvvv!vvvv1vvvv- qvvvv.d

G vvvv(vvvv2vvvv2

Uvvvv!vvvv/

Gu

bvvvv!vvvv1vvvv-

hOvvvv!vvvv% : zhG u htv$v.

C Ov2v. H 8v vm G v$vPv!v$v1v) h8v.G O+v%, tv$v.

+v. #vSv. +vJ

G vvvEvvvs G $ hd: G vvvPvvv0 e, kvvv. vvvPvvv0 e Ovvv(vvv7 #vvv&tvvvJI h+vvv. #vvv)


11. f bJI Dr.b 11)

$P!$1)

hEPG #vLV kvcvJg, hEPG #v. J kv. 8v2vcv-y(1). kvlv2 +vKG G vEvJ0v= hEPG G Ovv9vv(vvVvvEvvv kvv. &vvVvvEvv-, hEPG bvv\vvQ kvvEvv$vvJ G u kvvSvv$vv9vv-, G v$vPv!v% Ov: : EPG vrv1v9v- kvPv!v% bv!v1v-, hEPG Obv. c kv# >v2v-, G vv$vvPvv!vv% bvv!vv/
C f G vv(vv2vv2
Uvv!vv/

Gu

bvv!vv1vv-

hOvv!vv% qvv. d: zDvvs : kv$v(v,v.

h+vKg G vEvrv.b tv<v1vLI >vJG k


GyJu GyA9Sh :
It

#v. ;v2v: kv2

G vVvEv1vF

(b G

y}Tz}

+#

f}

(k

|9

GyJu GyA9Sh : It(b Gy}Tz}+# f}(|9 k

73

(8)@ (1) C

GvL>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G ) v v. f, 1v. H EkvSv. A G vPv0 e


0$

#v)

)Ov0 e

Q v%

1,

#) 1

$.

-@

G vvEvvs G vv<vv. &vv2

/ #(

,.

"

!1

!1

"

$ "

) #(-

# !.

!1

!1 " 1

&, 0

JOPM
) 1) ) 1) ( !

[G vv(vv

vv A:68]
/

FKLI
0 2 6 #(,% - #) 0
(1)

!% 6

!/

&

#)

,)

$"

0$

&

#) &

) 0

( , $

# )

!1

!%

% 0

!% /

!1

!%

% 0

!%

!1 "

#) +.

!1

vvv&tvvvJI, vvv vvv. kvvv vvv vvv. vvv >vvv2vvvL qvvv vvv3 G vvvJG bvvv , h>vvv vvv3 G vvv vvv OI v v9v v v v. hd [v vcv v. e C h ev v v vLg kv v# >v v2v v hG )>v v. 1v v7 E v v G v vJbv v I Ov v v v7 : EPG Obvv. c kvv# >vv2vv , C j EPG Obvv. c E vv vv vvM vv hEf RG O 8E 7 k C kY . bvv vv vvuvv G vvPvv0 e. hEPG qvv. d: C vv0 kvv vv vvrvv : C vv0 vv<vv0 1vv vv<vv . k k k C DvPv v v h/ v<v v , kv(PG qv. d : G vPv0 e bv v vuv . kv v vrv : QO G vvvPvvv0 e C f vvvrvvv d : C vvv0 hOvvv vvv0 kvvvrvvv] ; $ vvv vvv. vvv vvvPvvv: k k p P. G ! v 7. kv 0 v uv lv kv C >vvMC bvv G vv2vv. qvv vv qvv. d G u 8vvcvv. vv : o C >vMC bv G v2v. qv v , kv(PG Ov v bv v >v v. bv7 kvLO hG DvJ v v v ; n n 1vJA G vPv0 e Ov v7 kv(f QOg kvLV tvlv. v7, EPG qv. e 1v v vuvlv h1vKd G vPv0 e v vcv. v , hG ) vlv. b v G )qv9v. Qy . hEPG tv. f >vv vvcvv vv kvvrvvJ G Ovv9vvuvv vv G ) vv vv. f: G ) vvVvv. a vv vvlvvPvvv, qv v. d bv v v v. Q 1v v v v. Ov vL QXv v G u bv v v v v v v v. : z;v v0 K n v v r k P G u< L E R G $ >L . kv(PG v vPv v G vVvfv vL kv v vPv v G vuv2v vL, hEPG v vPv v G vrv v v vv vv C h vv 1vv vv. kvv vv vvrvv 1vv vv. G ! GvvL ; vv,vv0 vvYvv vvd G vvPvv0 e, L t 3 bv v G v v. Rv , h vuv EPG v vrv 1v. vPv v7 G v v v1v , hG v G v

u< L
83

!/

% 0 %

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

0$

0)

0)

!%

!1

0$

. -

!/

!1-

!%

+%

!%

#(1)

,%

&

!.

. -

#)

G ) . f, 1. H 1 . f C f G J G V E7, Qq (55). G vJ v G v v Vv vEv 7. . (U53) W 1v v : G $ kv uv . Q G v Jh v v 7, h vPv v , tv 9v . H (3) C GvL>v G v2vHv. Qj, 8vcv v vrv. tv9v. H G ) v v. f 1v. H qv v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v k h8c. XJ , Qq (5852). h vPv v , tv9v. H G v2vL hG vVv v7 hG ! OG H, 1v. H 8vLG Dv G v v& v v v h8vcv. [vlv v (2) C GvL>v G v2vHv. Qj, tv9v. H G v v_v. v , 1v. H vVvL G v v_v v e, Qqv (6442), G Jb I krJ bV G u hQO , Qq (7715). (2341), hC GvvL>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj 1vv vvcvv vv. g kvv tvv9vv. H G vv vvuvv. M, 1vv. H vv 8vvLc G L>vvvv vvvvPvvvv vvvv , tvvvv9vvvv. H G vvvv vvvvuvvvv. M, 1vvvv. H G $ vvvvL 1vvvv(>vvvv. 1vvvv7 G vvvvJG bvvvv , Qqvvvv (1) C vvvv
- # ! % ( # 2

hb. #9,%y(3). G vvvv(vvvvVvvvv1vvvvEvvvv7, u h vvvvuvvvv9vvvv. 1vvvv- h vvvvLOvvvv. vvvv- h$ Fvvvv$vvvv7 G vvvv$vvvvPvvvv!vvvv$vvvv1vvvv)


0) 0 $ ( 2 !/ !1!% 0)

G v vJ v v tv v v v. qv v. d G v v v v2v v Uv v v v G u bv v v v v v hOv v v v : zG v vJ v v v v\v v3 vVv vEv9vv v kv Rv A kv. vVvEv ; $ f vKG v E v1v


! & 1 2 2 & +

#)

G vEvs G v<v. v=: EPG G Ov9v(vVvEvv kv. &vVvEv- 0vcv(v2: EPG >v. A f 0SJ 1cY- 1cY. y(2). k
. ( 2 !/ & . !1!% $ #)

!$&#) t. 2(1. $

$ " -

&

# .

& -

&

# #.

1(.

"

. 1,

$" /

!1-

!%

#) % 0

. -

(1)

1,

( 2

!/

1v vPv. bvJ8v ; vrv d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : zG v v& v kvvvv Dvvvv vvvv Rvvvv A C h E vvvvrvvvv. Fvvvv C h vvvvEvvvv P vvvvv kvvvv( vvvvv vvvv# vvvv Q v vPv. bvJ8v h vcv. h v9v ; kv( vv v# v Q 1v(>v. 1v9v kv(PG Obv. c v9vcv v v h vvvcvvv qvvv vvv : zEPG Obvvv. c kvvv# >vvv2vvv y vvvSvvv vvv Dvvv9vvv G vvvJbvvv I b hO k . : zh ?3 ; krJ bV G u hQO y . G vvJbvv I E vv vv vv. hG >vv2vv7 1vvSvvLhW vvcvvLhkvv7 ; vvrvv d G vv vv2vv Uvv vv G u ) vlv , h o vPv9v<v v v P vv h v v v7 G vcvLS, kv(f G )>v. 1v7 E v
hG
0 (/ #) 1$

GyJu GyA9Sh : It(b Gy}Tz}+# f}(|9 k

93

G v$vLV, kvrvJ 8v9v\v!v3 G vEv. d tv<vLI G v9vLOO E v1v-, hqvJ 8v9v\v!v3 hG vvvvcvvvv1vvvv. OI 1vvvvEvvvvPvvvv3 Dvvvv. d G vvvv$vvvvL0vvvvZ, h1vvvvEvvvvPvvvv3 Dvvvv. d

UE27 C h >.G Q ; t. &: b1. O8- C htJ. G vvrvv1vv. e 1vv,vv. , htvv!vv$vv. tvv. f vv!vv$vvL0vvZ Dvvs bvv!vv1vvv #vv) qvvLG 1vv7 C h R0v. Q8v-@ h+v2 Dvs v- bv!v/ EGv.G &v- G v$vPv!v$v1v), kv1v?v3 bv!v1v,v% : EPG #vvvLV kvvvcvvvJg, hbvvv1vvv. OI G vvv$vvvL0vvvZ
G vvvEvvvs G vvvHvvv. #vvvQ

b) q. v : 0LD$v G u. G vcv\v. S hRv$v9v- ;v0 ;v. kvrv" v- kv2 G vLG 1vcv7 : bv. kv. c G u, 1vJ/ k k kv 1v rv .d : 0v ,v J0v uv % G u h0v Vv !v F 1v . v uv %@ hEPG G Ov 9v $v L #v cv h8vvSvv$vv1vv: G vvcvv. [vvQ EPG Dvv$vvJ kvvLV, h0vv?vv3 bvv!vv1vv- G vvLO

$ &- $. % 0E$J G u t. f >MG Dg C f / 0S$:. EPG bvv\vvQ h vv% 0vvEvv$vvJ G u ; kvv(&vv- / Dvvs vv-, kvv0 0vvSvv$vv: ; q 0vLDv$vv G u ; RvuvLG v- bv!v/ Dv$vJg vL1v- bv(vJ G vcv\v. S@ C #v. k : EPG bv\vQ kvEv$vJ G u kvSv$v9v-, C j qv" v- :
G vEvs G vLG 1vd

R1,. E/ C f 0P9(VEv k9!Me G (V1E7. k h vuv(vv 8vLi C f ev1vLg C &vlvd kv(&v- / 0v?v3 bv!v1vv C f 8vrv.d vG vv$vvPvv!vv$vv1vv), hEf tvv. f / XvvLQ bvv!vv1vv- kvv1vv$vv. Ovv1vvlvvcvv" h/ E;vv% 0vvvv# J E vvvv1vvvvv ; $ f +vvvvKG #vvvv) ERG vvvv7 G vvvvYvvvvLQ hG vvvv$vvvv(vvvvuvvvvL bvvvv) C h E;v% kv1v$v. Ov1o vrvJe bv!v1v- ; h>v3 bv!v1vv C f 8v(vVvEv- hEf v% C #v. EPG v% 0v# J E v1vv 0v\v!v3 G v(vVv1vEv7 kv(f tv. f bv!v1v- XvLQ

04

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

hG 82. b,. , Qq% (549). (5231), h#vvvPvvv!vvv%, tvvv9vvv. H G vvv?vvv(vvv. FvvvM, 1vvv. H kvvvYvvv" G vvvVvvv0 I (1) C Gv vL>v v- G v v2v vHv v. Qj,
tv v9v v. H bvvv!vvv/

G vvv?vvv(vvv. RI Qqv v%

G v v?v v(v v. Fv vM, 1v v. H #v v) G &v v9v v_v vL

Dv v9v v/ 8v vJkv v),

kvv2

h#v) Dvrv.b G v$vPv!v% bv!v/ G v$vPv!v% tvm G $ Pi bv(v-, kv(f G c_1$1)y


qvvvvv1vvvvv"
q1L [.

C P0vv7 G vv$vvPvv!vv$vv1vv) E;vv$vv. k

bvv_vv1vv$vv. , qvv. d

G u 8vvcvv. vv/ :

: h#vvvvv. G vvvvvrvvvvv1vvvvvLG [vvvvv. f ? qvvvvv. d : z#vvvvv<vvvvv"

(1)

G vvvvv?vvvvv2vvvvv!vvvvv1vvvvv)

G fy

o0vvVvv!vv/ bvv!vv1vv,vv. ; kvvvvvv!vv- qvv1vvLG W, h#vv) 8vv2vvcvvvvvv,vv. Dvv9vv/ 8vvJkvvvvvv) ; kvv!vvUv!v/ G u bv!v1v- hOv!v% C &v- qv. d: z#v) 8v2vd G v?v(v. RI Dv9v/
G v(v2v2
Dvrv.b

G v$vPv!v%

bv!v/

C Gv1v-, hkv1v- C >vL tv2v1vL, kvrvJ ;v2v:


#vv. J kvv. 8vv2vvcvv-; kvv. 8vv2vv. Y

bv)

G vvEvvs G vvPvv. OS : EPG


G
KtL

G vv?vv(vv. RI #vv)

hG / O9fl. Q hG

Jb. A.

G vvPvv1vv,vv. J, h vvcvv!vvv 8vvuvv9vvPvv3 1vv. &vvEvv2vv. Ovvv C >vvLG tvv<vv1vvLG 1vvuvv<vvLI k k Gv v1v vLG , kv v(f G v v$v vLV 0v vuv vlv vL G u 1v v- G v vHv v\v v. 0v v. , h0v v$v vEv v. 1v vk 8 0vvvLhbvvv-, kvvv1vvvrvvv.d vvv- #vvv<vvv0 : E&vvvv kvvv2 #vvvLXvvvv +vvvKG 8vvvuvvv9vvvPvvv3 8 k G v vVv vEv v7 hG v vSv vlv v. A, h0v v(v v2v vfv v2 C f 0v vKtv vLg G v v9v v.1v v7 1v v# Ov v!v v.H / h0vvlvv9vvF vv- 1vv. H G vvlvvLL hG vvL>vv. A, kvv(f P vvv #vv) C tvv2vvL C Ovv2vv. H hG vPv(v7 v$v) G
E. d q!7 bv. O #vL0vYv.
8

C f 0vPv# d

bv) Dv. v-,

h0vJbv. v-,

9LOO

1-, k. $ h / #LG b. I

G $ D.G d.

GyJu GyD9yE : It(b Gy(GyO*#

14

(4652).
! 0% !% $ !% %

!%

(1) C vv

hG v vVv v v v7 hG ! OG H, 1v v. H 8v vEv vL v v ^v v v v G v v v vPv v v v hGv vK v v hG Dv v9v vrv v. Qg, Qqv v Qqvvv (5606) hkvvv 1vvv. H G vvv vvv?vvvLI, Qqvvv (6706), h vvvPvvv vvv , tvvv9vvv. H G vvv2vvvL G L>vv G vv2vvHvv. Qj, tvv9vv. H G $ OH, 1vv. H vv. vv vv vv bvv G vv9vvEvv. OvvJ hG vv9vvJG 1vvL,
# 0(,/ )

ui
, 0 " 1 0 ( " # 0 $ !% . $ !% &- # / . $ / + . 6 0 . $ (/ # , ( 2 !/ ! 1!%

G >9 J C f 9ELi t G L, hC f ?9 3 t . YLg. zG v vPv v C Gv G v vPv v y kv( v v9v qv. e 1v vrv9vYv vKg G $ Gv I; vuv f G v vcv v G v?v. vd v v. qv d G v v2v Uv v G u bv v v hOv v : P bv v G v vPv v tv<v vLI, h vuv v vuv C f h v v.b G v$v v!v%
$ !%

Dr

!/

!%

) 0$

!/

#-

(1)

# )

!% 0

"

!%

!%

!$-

b G P DLG e, O h . hbLX y . G vvvvvvL+m vvvvvv G vvSvvL C f vvEvvrvvL C Gvvvvvv. g G vv vvPvv vv , tvvvvvv G vv vvvvvvPvv vv C Gvv G vv vvPvv vv / vv_vv vv vv h/ vvHvvK vv h/ vvEvvrvvLg, 1vvEvvPvv3 / 8v2v. evYv G h/ 8vJG 1vLhG htv v G bv2v. O G u EGv G v. , G v vPv v
z
. .& . . &

!%

! GvvvvLI, hqvvvvJ qvvvv. d QOvvvv


v !v / C v 1v - v P0v
[G

.d

Gu

Uvvvv vvvv

! /

Gu

bvvvv vvvv vvvv hOvvvv vvvv


! 1 -

! %

v v !v

v f G u 0v (v v v % #v (v - v 2 G v &v 1v hG vvvvv vvvvv vvvvv

v v"

8P b %]& 'G 1p# 7 k ( 9r k 3J . q 2 ] ^Az}_ ` Y Zf .[ \


$ DvvvvvMG H:85]
C f #vvvvv)

24

It

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

hC #v.

8 =@?:9<;65
p [G 9
.

G vK#v1v.f kv,v% C tv<vL +v&/ A G $ Uv(v. a Dvrv.qv. kv1v$v. v,v% k G ! 07.

17:21]

[G vvv9vvv.1vvv7:4],

hqvvv. vvv- : o

'"!$#> x XwWv u~t} |q{pz y VU sr o RQ


% 0 (. 2 0(( . / ( !/ , % 0( .& 1 % 0 1(. # ! 1( 2 !1, 1(( 1(,% . #. # 1$1) $
hC #v. G v$vcv. +vJhf

h v v \v cv v G kv O v v v . ; v rv d G u 8v cv . v : o v v. bv v G vcv vJ, v v vrvVv v. Rv v,k v. , h v vcv v v G C DvJG bv v v v. , k G v9v >vLi G / 8vlv. b bv v v v. 1v v v v. h1v v v v ; v. OG v G vPv9vrv v v v kvv vv vv bvv vv vv vv. G vv kvv. A 1vvcvv vvJ vv E vv G vv vvJI
!,% 0 !1( , +% /

[G 9.17:6]

G! 7 5p "#$=>?@9:;< !
$ $ 0) #1(,% . /
hC #vv G vv$vv vv vv #vv(vv.f

!,%

!1(

$ 0

0 @
vvv vvv

G vvv

vvv

vvv1vvv.f

!1

,%

!1(

#)

$ 0

#1.

1 .

# ( .

$ 1 %

hG v vuv. f G v vEvJO v v9v# v v v v ; vrv d G u 8vcv. v : o . P9# kvv vv vv bvv vv vv vv. Dvvs G vvEvv vv. vv7 kvv G vv qvv: Qb. 7 k ## . E L1 kvvv vvv vvvQ vvv vvv bvvv vvv vvv vvv. Dvvvs vvv Dvvv vvv. vvv7 C h h c. Jhf, hP f. C Q1vvvvcvvvv7 : DvvvvL1vvvv vvvv f, h vvvvPvvvv9vvvv# p vvvv vvvv f - 1vvvvuvvvvPvvvvL G vvvv vvvv vvvv -, ev vL G v vPv v v v vSv v >v v vd G vuv. kvL v ; h v C Uv v. a
1 $ !$1) 0 $" $1 0) +% (

GyJu Gyg9VQ :

Iu i Q

Gy}Tz}

+#
34

GyJu Gyg9VQ : Iu i+Q Gy}Tz}+#

ui
IQQg Gyqt Q Ey

G u @ g 9y

|J}O GyZ9yK GygD }

+ +#

#E$J, hb!/ B - hUE2- C >$c1). hG vvEvv$vvJ u QH G vvcvv. vv$vv1vv), hUvv!vv/ G u hOvv!vv% bvv!vv/ &vv2vv1vv(vv. 6 6 &

hC Dvvvuvvv. e C +vvv" G vvvK#vvv7 #vvv.>vvv.OI kvvv2 tvvv9vvv3 C +vvv" G vvvcvvv!vvv% / t. (. q.S hG V!13@ 0v_v,vLhG Rv1v,v. #v(vuvLG kv2 G )Ov0 e C h Rv1v,v. #v) Rvcv. FvL O0v(v,v% ; k k k h0vv?vv3 C f 0vv9vv$vv1vvMhG bvv) G vv$vvPvv!vv$vv1vv) kvv2 G vv!vv2vv. S, hC f / htm G $ Pi b(,%. bvv!vv1vv,vv% kvv1vv$vv. 0vvcvv9vvrvvJhf 8vvEvvL0vv$vv-, h0vv?vv3 bvv!vv1vv- Dvv$vv. 0vv9vv,vv%, G )Ovv0 e kvv2 G vv(vvlvvQ hG vv$vv. d hG vvcvvLV, hC f 0vvrvv1vv% G vvEvvJhO kvv1vv?vv3 bvv!vv/ h vv2 C #vvL G vv$vvPvv!vv$vv1vv) C f 0vvEvvuvv% kvv1vv,vv% 1vvEvvuvv% D$. 09,% hQb. 09,% 1. ?M07 G 92 02K .&,. . hbv!v1v,v%, P vv $ &v,v% 0vcv1vSv.f kv2 1v0 O G v$vPv!v$v1v) h8vEv:
44
It

\ 1 . ..
1" , +(

(b OfB Ey+%9 GyqaQI hsQQ@%9 GyWQ*g?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

G Es G c. RL : Ds e1L G $P!$1) G Es G 9. Od : Dr.b G $P!$1) b$.#k . G Es G <. #) : Ds G ?1LG f G Es G P. 1d : Dr.b G ./ I hG Lb17 G Es G P. OS : Ds G Mh>1) G Es G H. #Q : Dr.b G $ q. QH G Es G L G 1 d : Ds G $ h/ O G Es G <. = : Dr.b G .G J0) G Es G <. &2 : Ds QO.d G u U!/ G u b!1- hO!% G Es G $ hd : Ds G u 8c. / G $rJ#7
G $.X.Y
G

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34 73 43 13 52 22 71 41 11 7 5

G V lE 7

yq%Q

Gyq%QS

54

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi