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UNIT-V SYSTEM ORGANIZATION PART-A

1. What is a bus? What are the different buses in a CPU? ( NOV/DEC 2006) 2. Why are interrupt masks provided in any processor? 3. What is priority interrupt? (MAY/JUNE 2006) (APRIL/MAY 2008)

4. What are advantages of using interrupt initiated data transfer over transfer under program control without interrupt? (MAY/JUNE 2007)

5. What is the difference between subroutine and interrupt services routine? (NOV/DEC 2007) 6. What is Direct Memory Access (DMA)? And state its advantages. 7. 7. Why do we need DMA? (NOV/DEC 2007)

8. Why does DMA have priority over the CPU when both request a memory transfer? 9. How does bus arbitration typically work? 10. What is the necessity of an interface? 11. Compare CISC v/s RISC 12. What is an operating system? What is necessity of operating system? 13. What do you mean by fault tolerance? 14. What do you mean by static redundancy? 15. What do you mean by dynamic redundancy? 16. What is n-modular redundancy? 17. Give the difference between static and dynamic redundancies. 18. State any four ways to measure fault tolerance. 19. What is MTTF? 20. What is MTTR? (MAY/JUNE 2007) (MAY/JUNE 2006) (NOV/DEC 2006)

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PART-B
1. Design parallel priority interrupt hardware for a system with eight interrupt source. (MAY/JUNE 2007)

2. Explain how DMA transfer is accomplished with a neat diagram. ( NOV/DEC 2006) 3. Draw the typical block diagram of a DMA controller and explain how it is used for direct data transfer between memory and peripherals. (APRIL/MAY 2008) & (MAY/JUNE 2007) 4. Explain the use of vectored interrupts in processors. Why is priority handling desired in interrupt controllers? How do the different priority schemes work? 5. (MAY/JUNE 2006) 6. Write short notes on: 7. DMA. 8. Bus Arbitration (NOV/DEC 2007)

9. Explain different mechanisms used for bus arbitration. 10. Write short notes on IOP. 11. Discuss various techniques used for fault tolerance. 12. What are the different ways in which redundancy can be made use of provide fault tolerance? 13. Write short notes on Programmed I/O.

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