2007-08 JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B.Tech. M.E.

I-Sem T P C 4+1* 0 4 OPERATIONS RESEARCH UNIT I Development Definition Characteristics and Phases Types of models operation Research models applications. ALLOCATION : Linear Programming Problem Formulation Graphical solution Simplex method Artificial variables techniques -Twophase method, Big-M method Duality Principle. UNIT II TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM Formulation Optimal solution, unbalanced transportation problem Degeneracy. Assignment problem Formulation Optimal solution - Variants of Assignment ProblemTraveling Salesman problem. SEQUENCING Introduction Flow Shop sequencing n jobs through two machines n jobs through three machines Job shop sequencing two jobs through m machines. UNIT III REPLACEMENT : Introduction Replacement of items that deteriorate with time when money value is not counted and counted Replacement of items that fail completely, group replacement. UNIT IV THEORY OF GAMES : Introduction Minimax (maximin) Criterion and optimal strategy Solution of games with saddle points Rectangular games without saddle points 2 X 2 games dominance principle m X 2 & 2 X n games -graphical method. UNIT V WAITING LINES : Introduction Single Channel Poisson arrivals exponential service times with infinite population and finite population models Multichannel Poisson arrivals exponential service times with infinite population single channel Poisson arrivals. UNIT VI INVENTORY : Introduction Single item Deterministic models Purchase inventory models with one price break and multiple price breaks shortages are not allowed Stochastic models demand may be discrete variable or continuous variable Instantaneous production. Instantaneous demand and continuous demand and no set up cost. UNIT VII DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING : Introduction Bellmans Principle of optimality Applications of dynamic programming- capital budgeting problem shortest path problem linear programming problem. UNIT VIII SIMULATION : Definition Types of simulation models phases of simulation applications of simulation Inventory and Queuing problems Advantages and Disadvantages Simulation Languages. TEXT BOOK : 1. Operations Research / S.D.Sharma-Kedarnath 2. Introduction to O.R/Hiller & Libermann (TMH). REFERENCES : 1. Operations Research /A.M.Natarajan,P.Balasubramani,A. Tamilarasi/Pearson Education. 2. Operations Research: Methods & Problems / Maurice Saseini, Arhur Yaspan & Lawrence Friedman 3. Operations Research / R.Pannerselvam,PHI Publications. 4. Operations Research / Wagner/ PHI Publications. 5. Operation Research /J.K.Sharma/MacMilan. 6. O.R/Wayne L.Winston/Thomson Brooks/cole 7. Introduction to O.R /Taha/PHI

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2007-08 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B.Tech. M.E. I-Sem T P C 4+1* 0 4 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS UNIT I

Data base System Applications, data base System VS file System View of Data Data Abstraction Instances and Schemas data Models the ER Model Relational Model Other Models Database Languages DDL DML database Access for applications Programs data base Users and Administrator Transaction Management data base System Structure Storage Manager the Query Processor UNIT II History of Data base Systems.Data base design and ER diagrams Beyond ER Design Entities, Attributes and Entity sets Relationships and Relationship sets Additional features of ER Model Concept Design with the ER Model Conceptual Design for Large enterprises. UNIT III Introduction to the Relational Model Integrity Constraint Over relations Enforcing Integrity constraints Querying relational data Logical data base Design Introduction to Views Destroying /altering Tables and Views. Relational Algebra Selection and projection set operations renaming Joins Division Examples of Algebra overviews Relational calculus Tuple relational Calculus Domain relational calculus Expressive Power of Algebra and calculus. UNIT IV Form of Basic SQL Query Examples of Basic SQL Queries Introduction to Nested Queries Correlated Nested Queries Set Comparison Operators Aggregative Operators NULL values Comparison using Null values Logical connectivitys AND, OR and NOT Impact on SQL Constructs Outer Joins Disallowing NULL values Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL Triggers and Active Data bases. UNIT V Schema refinement Problems Caused by redundancy Decompositions Problem related to decomposition reasoning about FDS FIRST, SECOND, THIRD Normal forms BCNF Lossless join Decomposition Dependency preserving Decomposition Schema refinement in Data base Design Multi valued Dependencies FORTH Normal Form. UNIT VI Transaction Concept- Transaction State- Implementation of Atomicity and Durability Concurrent Executions Serializability- Recoverability Implementation of Isolation Testing for serializability- Lock Based Protocols Timestamp Based Protocols- Validation- Based Protocols Multiple Granularity. UNIT VII Recovery and Atomicity Log Based Recovery Recovery with Concurrent Transactions Buffer Management Failure with loss of nonvolatile storage-Advance Recovery systems- Remote Backup systems. UNIT VIII Data on External Storage File Organization and Indexing Cluster Indexes, Primary and Secondary Indexes Index data Structures Hash Based Indexing Tree base Indexing Comparison of File Organizations Indexes and Performance Tuning- Intuitions for tree Indexes Indexed Sequential Access Methods (ISAM) B+ Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure. TEXT BOOKS : 1. Data base Management Systems, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TATA McGrawHill 3rd Edition 2. Data base System Concepts, Silberschatz, Korth, McGraw hill, V edition. REFERENCES : 1. Data base Systems design, Implementation, and Management, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel 7th Edition. 2. Fundamentals of Database Systems, Elmasri Navrate Pearson Education 3. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J.Date Pearson Education

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2007-08 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B.Tech. M.E. I-Sem T P C 4 2007-08 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B.Tech. M.E. I-Sem T P C 4+1* 0 4 FINITE ELEMENT METHODS UNIT I Introduction to Finite Element Method for solving field problems. Stress and Equilibrium. Strain Displacement relations. Stress strain relations. UNIT II One Dimensional problems : Finite element modeling coordinates and shape functions. Potential Energy approach : Assembly of Global stiffness matrix and load vector. Finite element equations, Treatment of boundary conditions, Quadratic shape functions. UNIT III Analysis of Beams : Element stiffness matrix for two node, two degrees of freedom per node beam element. UNIT IV Finite element modelling of two dimensional stress analysis with constant strain triangles and treatment of boundary conditions. UNIT V Finite element modelling of Axisymmetric solids subjected to Axisymmetric loading with triangular elements. UNIT-VI Two dimensional four noded isoparametric elements and numerical integration. UNIT VII Steady state heat transfer analysis : one dimensional analysis of a fin and two dimensional analysis of thin plate. Analysis of a uniform shaft subjected to torsion. UNIT-VIII Dynamic Analysis : Formulation of finite element model, element matrices, evaluation of Eigen values and Eigen vectors for a stepped bar and a beam. TEXT BOOK : 1. Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering / Chandraputla, Ashok and Belegundu / Prentice Hall. 2. The Finite Element Methods in Engineering / SS Rao / Pergamon. REFERENCES : 1. An introduction to Finite Element Method / JN Reddy / Me Graw Hill 2. Finite Element Methods/ Alavala/TMH 3. The Finite Element Method for Engineers Kenneth H. Huebner, Donald L. Dewhirst, Douglas E. Smith and Ted G. Byrom / John Wiley & sons (ASIA) Pte Ltd. 4. Finite Element Analysis/ C.S.Krishna Murthy

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