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195

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A 3 = P 2 = Q 2 = 1 , PQ = QP , RAR -1 = A -1
O
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H O!3)5&/())!%"$#"!$-"(!%'#!#,!2A&)!
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)(6
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)*('#!!%-

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(&')!(09!*/)/.)9!*()9!3+.</29!(+<($!3)(4!*<:2(&))!2A+<:!()9!/')&9!+,4'&9!
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&/:))!*<G<7&/9!*(0:!SO(3).

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)3+5+<@&/)!$(0!*<:2A&))$!()!?)?5/)!(+<!A.0*),+(+)*@03):$!().+<*)4G+:())!*8:(+,)!3)(4!@&,)()329!&:6(0(&9!!3))!&)')36(&.+!&:'))/2.+:)
"5)*)3*! ().),2:&)! 0! 23'+*0! (;:! )$%-*".!,! )(6! (+:! BCDEC8F$! ! (+<!
*()!!550:)34!2A&)!)(+'+@&/!)(6!(+:!!)!$(),4(0!&25'/()!$!)775)3*!23'+*0!
(;:!)$%-*".!,!)(6!(+:!GD8!HIJKLM!L)!BCLNI!!(&.)2A&)!(5+8*))!*A65))!)*(+.)3+8!3))!,)@0,)()3+8!&:'))/2.+:(+9!3))$!().4!()!6(+))!3&:4$!().),2:&)!
,2A.)!**,&.)!)=&(2.)*(0)!$(+)A&/)!)(6!(0:!)*(+./)!(;:!).A)/;:!,)@0,)%
()3>:!(&.)2A+:())!*(0!,+:+7.)//)!(+<!O)!P)!QLR!SC8!TLC8SCR!&25'-($!*'0!
,&()/.)*,2:0!*()!!550:)34!)(6!(+:!.)!'.)*()):/'0!&/777()!
F&! (0! 5+7)3*! ))()+5670*0! *&! ).A)/)! ,)@0,)()34! 3&/,&:)! )*A+5&/())!(+!?)?5/+!(+<!UCNV!&2555($!&:>!!0!5+7)3*!)5505+<A/)!(;:!(.+(4%
*&;:!*()!)$%-*".#!().+<*)4G&())!')&=+')34!*(+!WXeYYC8!&25:2()!"4(+)&9!
().+<*)4*&)9! @&,4(;:! ,&! *87A.+:&9! (.+&3(4*&)9! &()A&).+8:())! *()!
A8NKLRR!&2555(!3))!ARFYDR!LRS!PLKECZ!&255'()
F))! (.;(6(<(0! 23@&*0! @&,4(;:! $(&.&+,&(./)9$! ,&! )*(+.)329! ):)'.+,29$! &:'))/2.+<*&9! @&;.0()329! '))(.)7,)(&8*&)9! &()3&:(.;,2:&9! *()!
(+58&'.)!3))!,&!2,/)*0!*()!3):+:)34!*(&.&4!&/:))!(+![8JK\CYY!&255.()
$!,2(.0*0!*(0!.&;,&(./)!3))!0!,2(.0*0!(;:!*(&.&>:!&)')36(&.)$!
)(+(&5&/!(4:()!2:)!&(/3)).+!@2,))!&)!&.7)*/&9!!(+<!%.A),*'0!+)!*A&()%
329!,&!(0!,2(.0*0!(;:!*A0,4(;:!2A+<:!().+<*))*@&/!*&!,&(4/.)*0!3))!
*A+5))*,6!(+<!!GD8!HIJKLM!L)!BCLNI)!$!*<:@&()3*!@&;./)$!*(+!(:&8,)!
(;:! )$%-*".!,$! 7))! (+! &,?)'6:! 3))! (+:! 673+! (2@03&! )(6! (+:! BDYEC8N!
&257/(!3))!23(+(&!)(+(&5&/!):)(6*()*(+!(,*,)!(;:!*87A.+:;:!().+<%
*)4*&;:!(09!!<35&/'&))9!.&;,&(./)9$!6(;9!&/:))!7))!().4'&)7,)!()!]QCM!
&25./($!]^^DKJQ!&256:($!_J8SC8!&25/.($!3))!WJDMC!&256,()!
$!'70%!%2!$12!"9#,$+1%12!,&!()9!)*(+.)329!(09!!./G&9!3))!(0!*A2*0!
(09! ! ,&! (0! ,2(.0*0! 3))! ()9! @&;./&9! +5+35*.;*09$! ().+<*)4G&())! *(0!
,+:+7.)//)!(+<!OJ`C8!&25-5(!3)@>9!3))!*(+!]S\L8SM!a8)!&25.5()!%.3&(4!
5&((+,&.29!*(0!().+<*/)*0!(09!&=25)=09!(;:!7&;,&(.)3>:!,&@6';:!&/%
:))!3))!(+![JJYDSFC!&25-7()
$!,)@0,)()3*!'))(.)7,4(&<*0!(09!7&;,&(.)3*9!*<,,&(./)9!3))!0!
2:()=0!(;:!3):+:)3>:!*(&.&>:!*(+!(5)/*)+!)<(6!,(+.&/!:)!):)G0(0@&/
3))!*()!bLYC!&256:($!cCCM!&25:,($!TJY^!&256,(!!3))!455))

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1%&'!'#$$*'%(,-!'(""#''-!2/+$$-%!)/)(%''#!&'''(
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21. 3$%*)$$-!&(%!!&)*+',(-)".%'/'-('%/,)!%!4&*+!)*+&(!

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202

Artmann, 196
Boyer, 196
Cauchy, 18, 84
Coolidge, 196
Cromwell, 196
Dehn D., 66
Descartes, 86
Edwards Jr., 196
Effimov, 196
Euler, 62
Eves, 196
Forder, 196
Heath, 97, 98, 196

'?87',*-".>@A,B',#/"

Heiberg, 181, 196


Hilbert, 196
Legendre, 18, 77, 99, 100
Leibniz, 119
Longchamps, 86
Moise, 196
Mueller, 196
Netz, 196
Rees, 196
van der Waerden B. L., 196
Wolf, 196
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