Priyanka N. Gaikwad MCA 1 Roll no.

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Computer Graphics

LAB ASSIGNMENT

Title: Basic 2D Transformations Date of Performance: Date of Submission:

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Aim : - To implement basic 2D Transformations Theory :Algorithm :- Translation

1.

Read the co-ordinates of the triangle ,i.e., (x1,y1) , (x2,y2) (x3,y3)such that they are not equal.

2. For (i=1;i<=3;i++) { if (i==3) Line(xi,yi,x1,y1) else Line(xi,yi,xi+1,yi+1) end if } 3. Read the translation factor ,i.e., tx ,ty 4. For (i=1;i<=3;i++) { xi= xi+tx yi= yi+ty } 5. Repeat step 2 6. Stop

Algorithm :- Scaling

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1.

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Read the co-ordinates of the triangle ,i.e., (x1,y1) , (x2,y2) (x3,y3)such that they are not equal.

2. For (i=1;i<=3;i++) { if (i==3) Line(xi,yi,x1,y1) else Line(xi,yi,xi+1,yi+1) end if } 3. Read the scaling factor ,i.e., sx ,sy 4. For (i=1;i<=3;i++) { xi= xi*sx yi= yi*sy } 5. Repeat step 2 6. Stop

Algorithm :- Rotation
1.

Read the co-ordinates of the triangle ,i.e., (x1,y1) , (x2,y2) (x3,y3)such that they are not equal.

2. For (i=1;i<=3;i++)

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{ if (i==3) Line(xi,yi,x1,y1) else Line(xi,yi,xi+1,yi+1) end if } 3. Read the titha ,i.e., titha 4. For (i=1;i<=3;i++) { xi= xi*cos(titha) yi*sin(titha) yi= xi*sin(titha) yi*cos(titha) } 5. Repeat step 2 6. Stop

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Program : Translation #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<graphics.h> void tri(int x[],int y[]); void main() { int gd,gm,x[3],y[3],tx,ty,i; clrscr(); detectgraph(&gd,&gm); initgraph(&gd,&gm,""); printf("Enter the coordinates of the triangle"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { printf("\nEnter x%d,y%d :",(i+1),(i+1)); scanf("%d%d",&x[i],&y[i]); } tri(x,y); printf("Enter the tranlating distances tx and ty:"); scanf("%d%d",&tx,&ty); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { x[i]=x[i]+tx; y[i]=y[i]+ty; } tri(x,y); getch(); closegraph(); } void tri(int x[3],int y[3]) { int i;

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for(i=0;i<3;i++) { line(x[i],y[i],x[(i+1)%3],y[(i+1)%3]); } } Output :

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Scaling #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<graphics.h> #include<math.h> int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,mx,my; void draw(); void scale(); void main() { int gd,gm; int c; detectgraph(&gd,&gm); initgraph(&gd,&gm,""); printf("Enter the 1st point for the triangle:"); scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1); printf("Enter the 2nd point for the triangle:"); scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2); printf("Enter the 3rd point for the triangle:"); scanf("%d%d",&x3,&y3); draw(); scale(); } void draw() { line(x1,y1,x2,y2); line(x2,y2,x3,y3); line(x3,y3,x1,y1); }

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void scale() { int x,y,a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3; int mx,my; printf("Enter the scalling coordinates:"); scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); //(mx,my) is the fixed point which is the center of the triangle mx=(x1+x2+x3)/3; my=(y1+y2+y3)/3; a1=mx+(x1-mx)*x; b1=my+(y1-my)*y; a2=mx+(x2-mx)*x; b2=my+(y2-my)*y; a3=mx+(x3-mx)*x; b3=my+(y3-my)*y; cleardevice(); line(a1,b1,a2,b2); line(a2,b2,a3,b3); line(a3,b3,a1,b1); draw(); getch(); }

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Output :

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Rotation #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<graphics.h> #include<math.h> void tri(int x[],int y[]); void main() { int gd,gm,x[3],y[3],a[3],b[3],i,mx,my; float angle; clrscr(); detectgraph(&gd,&gm); initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:/tc/bgi"); printf("Enter the coordinates of the triangle"); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { printf("Enter the %d point:",(i+1)); scanf("%d%d",&x[i],&y[i]); } tri(x,y); getch(); printf("Enter the rotating angle:"); scanf("%f",&angle); angle=angle*3.14/180; printf("Enter the fixed point:"); scanf("%d%d",&mx,&my); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { a[i]=mx+(x[i]-mx)*cos(angle)-(y[i]-my)*sin(angle); b[i]=my+(x[i]-mx)*sin(angle)+(y[i]-my)*cos(angle); } tri(a,b); getch(); closegraph();

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} void tri(int x[],int y[]) { int i; for(i=0;i<2;i++) line(x[i],y[i],x[i+1],y[i+1]); line(x[2],y[2],x[0],y[0]); } Output :

Conclusion : 2D transformations are widely used to manipulate objects in computer graphics.