SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction involves only one organism or parent.Most simple organisms,including the singlecelled or unicellular organisms,reproduce asexually.The following are different types of asexual reproduction.

Binary Fission In binary fission,a parent cell reproduces asexually by dividing itself into two new offspring.For example,an amoeba which is a unicellular organism,reproduces asexually through binary fission.Two new amoebae are formed.Each of two daoughter cells is an exact copy of its parent and will divide again when fully grown.It means that one cell divides into two,two into four,and so on as shown

Budding In budding,a parent body reproduces asexually by forming buds which will eventually break off.Each bud becomes a new invidual.For example,a parent hydra reproduces asexually by budding in which buds grow from parent.These buds will eventually break off.Each bud then becomes an adult hydra and reproduces again as shown

Spore Formation Fungi,mosses,liverworts and ferns reproduce asexually by producing spores,as shown

Vegetative Reproduction Some plants reproduce asexually through their vegetative parts which can grow into new offspring.Some plants sucj as Bryophyllum reproduce by their leaves as shown.Some plant sucj as the carrot reproduce by thei tap root as shown.

Regeneration Some organisms reproduce asexually when their parent body breaks into pieces.Each of the pieces can grow into new invidual.For example,a starfish can reproduce asexually when its body splits into mant parts,each of which regenerates to produce a new starfish as shown.

Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction involves both male and female organism.The male produces male sex cells called sperms or spermatozoa and the female produces female sex cells called eggs or ova.Sperms and eggs are called eggs or ova.Sperms and egg fuse to form a fertilized egg or zygote through a process called fertilization.The zygote develops further to form an embryo.