Learning Activity 4

Name: _________________________ Id: ___________________________

MthSc 105

Use the graph of f in the figure to find the following values, if they exist. If a limit does not exist, answer DNE and explain why.

1.
2. 3.

f (1) lim f (x) lim f (x)

5.

f (1)

9. lim f (x)
x3

x1

6. lim f (x)
x1

10. lim f (x)

x5

x1+

7. lim f (x) +
x1

4. lim f (x)
x 1

8. lim f (x)
x1

Learning Activity 5
Name: __________ Id: __________

MthSc 105

1. Assume lim f (x) = 8 and lim g(x) = 2. Compute the following limit by applying the Limit
x1 x1

Laws.

f (x) lim x1 g(x)

Find the limits. Simplify as much as possible. Use proper notation. 2. lim (10 3x)
x12

3. lim (2z 8)1/ 3

z0

Learning Activity 5 h 3h + 1 1

4. lim
h0

5. lim
t1

t 2 + 2t 3 2t 2 + 3t 5

Learning Activity 6
________________________________________

MthSc 105

1. The graph of f in the figure has vertical asymptotes at x = 1 and x = 2. Find the following limits, if possible.

a.

x1

lim f (x)

b. lim f (x) +
x1

c. lim f (x)
x1

d.

x2

lim f (x)

e.

x2+

lim f (x)

f.

lim f (x)
x2

Learning Activity Evaluate the limits or state that they do not exist (DNE). 2. lim
x0

x 3 5x 2 x2

3.

x3

lim +

2 (x 3)3

4.

x3

lim

2 (x 3)3

5. Find all vertical asymptotes of the function f (x) =

x a

x2 . x 3 2x 2 + x For each vertical asymptote x = a, evaluate lim+ f (x) , lim f (x) , and lim f (x) .
x a x a

Learning Activity 7 1. Evaluate the limits.

MthSc 105

1 10 a. lim 5 + + 2 x x x

b.

lim 3x16 + 2

c. lim

3x 4 + 3x 3 36x 2 x x 4 25x 2 + 144

d. lim

4x 3 2x 3 + 9x 6 + 15x 4

e.

lim

4x 3 2x 3 + 9x 6 + 15x 4

Learning Activity
2. Sketch the rational function including all of its asymptotes. y= x2 1 2x + 4

Road map
a. Use polynomial long division to find the oblique asymptote of f.

b. Find the vertical asymptote(s) of f. For each vertical asymptote x = a, evaluate lim f ( x ) and lim+ f ( x ) .
x a x a

c. Sketch f (x) and all of its asymptotes.

Learning Activity 8
________________________________________

MthSc 105

1. Determine the values of x at which the function f graphed below has discontinuities. For each value of x, state the condition(s) in the continuity checklist that are violated.

Learning Activity 5x 2 is continuous at a = 4. x 9x + 20

2

2. Determine if the function f (x) =

3. Classify the discontinuities in the function h(x) = at the points x = 0 and x = 1.

x 3 4x 2 + 4x x(x 1)

SOLUTION

Learning Activity 4

MthSc 105

Use the graph of f in the figure to find the following values, if they exist. If a limit does not exist, answer DNE and explain why.

1. 2. 3.

f (1) = 1

5.

f (1) = 4

9. lim f (x) = 4
x3

x1

lim f (x) = 2 lim f (x) = 2

6. lim f (x) = 3
x1

10. lim f (x) = 5

x5

x1+

7. lim f (x) = 5 +
x1

4. lim f (x) = 2
x1

8. lim f (x) DNE because lim f (x) lim f (x) +

x1 x1 x1

SOLUTION

Learning Activity 5

MthSc 105

1. Assume lim f (x) = 8 and lim g(x) = 2. Compute the following limit by applying the Limit
x1 x1

Laws.

f (x) lim f (x) 8 x1 lim = =4 = x1 g(x) lim g(x) 2 x1

Find the limits. Simplify as much as possible. Use proper notation. 2. lim (10 3x)
x12

= 10 3(12) = 26

3. lim (2z 8)1/ 3

z0

= 3 2(0) 8 = 3 8 = 2

4. lim
h0

h 3h + 1 1 h 3h + 1 + 1 h

( 3h + 1 + 1) 3h + 1 1 3h + 1 + 1 ( 3h + 1) 1 h ( 3h + 1 + 1) h ( 3h + 1 + 1) = lim = lim
= lim
h0

= lim
h0

h0

3h + 1 1

h0

3h

= lim
h0

3h + 1 + 1 3

3(0) + 1 + 1 2 = 3 3

5. lim

t 2 + 2t 3 t1 2t 2 + 3t 5 (t + 3) (t 1) = lim t1 (2t + 5) (t 1)

t+3 t1 2t + 5 1+ 3 = 2(1) + 5 = lim = 4 7

SOLUTION

Learning Activity 6

MthSc 105

1. The graph of f in the figure has vertical asymptotes at x = 1 and x = 2. Find the following limits, if possible.

a.

x1

lim f (x) =

b. lim f (x) = +
x1

c. lim f (x) =
x1

d.

x2

lim f (x) =

e.

x2+

lim f (x) =

f.

lim f (x) DNE

x2

Learning Activity 6 Evaluate the limits or state that they do not exist (DNE). 2. lim
x0

SOLUTION

x 3 5x 2 x2

= lim
x0

x 2 (x 5) x2

= 0 5 = 5

3.

x3

lim +

2 = (x 3)3

approaches 2 2 positive and approaches 0 0+

4.

x3

lim

2 = (x 3)3

2 approaches 2 negative and approaches 0 0

5. Find all vertical asymptotes of the function f (x) =

x a

x2 . x 3 2x 2 + x For each vertical asymptote x = a, evaluate lim+ f (x) , lim f (x) , and lim f ( x ) .
x a x a

f (x) =

x2 x2 x 21 x = = = , where x 0 3 2 2 x 2x + x x(x 2x + 1) x (x 1)2 (x 1)2

So, the denominator of f is zero AND the numerator is nonzero when x = 1. lim f (x) = lim + +
x 1

x 1

x = (x 1)2 x = (x 1)2

1 approaches 1 positive and approaches 0 0+ approaches 1 1 positive and approaches 0 0+

x 1

lim f (x) = lim

x 1

lim f ( x ) =
x 1

(lim f (x) = lim f (x) = )

x1+ x1

Thus, x = 1 is a vertical asymptote of f.

SOLUTION 1. Evaluate the limits.

Learning Activity 7

MthSc 105

1 10 a. lim 5 + + 2 = 5 + 0 + 0 = 5 x x x
b.
lim 3x16 + 2 = 3 + 2 = + 2 =

3x 4 + 3x 3 36x 2 c. lim 4 x x 25x 2 + 144 3x 4 + 3x 3 36 x 2 3 + 3 36 2 x x4 x4 x 4 = lim x = lim 4 2 x x x 25 + 144 1 25x 4 + 144 4 x2 x4 x4 x x 3+ 0 0 = =3 1 0 + 0 d. lim

4x 3 2x 3 + 9x 6 + 15x 4
4x 3 x3 x
6

= lim

2x 3 x 4

6 + 9x

+ 15x

= lim x
6

4 2 + 9 + 15 x2

2+ 9+0

4 4 = 2+3 5

e.

lim

4x 3 2x 3 + 9x 6 + 15x 4
4x 3

4 x3 = lim x x 2x 3 9x 6 + 15x 4 2 + 9 + 15 2 3 + 6 6 x x x x 4 4 = = = 4 2 + 9 + 0 2 + 3 = lim

Learning Activity 7
2. Sketch the rational function including all of its asymptotes. y= x2 1 2x + 4

SOLUTION

Road map
a. Use polynomial long division to find the oblique asymptote of f. x 1 x2 + 0x 1 x2 + 2x 2x 1 2x 4 3 1 x 1 2 x2 1 3 = x1+ 2x + 4 2x + 4 3 AND lim = 0 x 2x + 4

2x + 4

Check: y =

OA: y =

b. Find the vertical asymptote(s) of f. For each vertical asymptote x = a, evaluate lim f (x) and lim+ f (x) .
x a x a

VA: x = 2 x2 1 lim f (x) = lim = x2 x2 2x + 4 x2 1 lim+ f (x) = lim+ = x2 x2 2x + 4 3 0 3 SCRATCH: + 0 SCRATCH: + . + So, . + So,

c. Sketch f (x) and all of its asymptotes. x = 2 y y= x2 1 2x + 4 y=x1 x

SOLUTION

Learning Activity 8

MthSc 105

1. Determine the values of x at which the function f graphed below has discontinuities. For each value of x, state the condition(s) in the continuity checklist that are violated.

x = 1:

(lim f (x) = 2, f (1) = 3)

x1

lim f (x) f (1)

x1

REMOVABLE
x = 2:

(lim f (x) = 1, lim f (x) = 2

x2 x 2+

lim f (x) DNE

x2

lim f (x) lim+ f (x)

x 2 x 2

JUMP
x = 3:
f (3) is undefined REMOVABLE

Learning Activity 8
5x 2 is continuous at a = 4. x 9x + 20
2

SOLUTION

2. Determine if the function f (x) =

(We must determine if the function satisfies the three conditions for continuity at a = 4.) 1st condition: f (4) must be defined. 5(4) 2 18 18 = = 4 9(4) + 20 16 36 + 20 0
2

So, f (4) is undefined.

Thus, the function f is not continuous at a = 4. x 3 4x 2 + 4x x(x 1)

3. Classify the discontinuities in the function h(x) = at the points x = 0 and x = 1.

2 x x2 x 3 4x 2 + 4x x x 4x + 4 h(x) = = = x(x 1) x(x 1) x(x 1)

) (

Note the common factor of x in numerator and denominator. lim h(x) = lim
x 0 x 0

x (x 2)2 x (x 1)

(0 2)2 = 4 0 1

So, the discontinuity at x = 0 is REMOVABLE. Note that the denominator is zero when x = 1, but the numerator is not zero. => VA

x1

lim h(x) = lim + +

x1

(x 2)2 = x 1

SCRATCH:

1 + + + 0

So, the discontinuity at x = 1 is INFINITE.