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Excipients
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Nomenclature of Drugs
• Generic name : Shortened name of a drug,
usually given by the health authorities and
officially used in the pharmacopoeias like BP and
USP. Sometimes, there may be more than one
generic name of a particular drug.
• For example
BP name USP name
Paracetamol Acetaminophen
C) Semi-Synthetic Drugs
Sources of Drug
MORPHINE
POPPY CAPSULE
Drug from the Natural World
PLANT EXTRACTS
• OPIUM - Morphine
CINCHONA
Drug from the Natural World
PLANT EXTRACTS
Aspirin
Drug from the Natural World
VENOMS AND TOXINS
O
C OH
O
C N
CH3
HS
Captopril
(anti-hypertensive)
Drug from the Natural World
MeO
VENOMS AND TOXINS CH 3
N
HO CH 3
O H
H O
H3 C
N OH
H3 C
OMe
Tubocurarine
(from curare)
Drug from the Natural World
ENDOGENOUS COMPOUNDS
OH
H
O N
H
Antagonist
HO N OH
Me
HO
ADRENALINE PROPRANOLOL
Me
NH2 H
N NHMe
HN S
HN
N
N
HISTAMINE
CN Antagonist
CIMETIDINE
Drugs obtained by biotechnology
• Drugs can also be obtained by
biotechnology.
• For example previously insulin was
obtained from animal sources. Now-a-days
insulin is obtained from bacteria with the
help of biotechnology.
Drugs from the Synthetic World
O
H2N S NH2
O
SULFANILAMIDE
Drugs from the Synthetic World
TNT
ONO2
ONO2
ONO2
Semi-Synthetic Drugs