TD 3

Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Outils danalyse quantitative (L1)
TD 3 (Correction)
Universite du Maine, France
Download: http://www.univ-lemans.fr/
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kzhao
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel :
Suite arithmetique
u
n+1
= u
n
+
la raison de la suite
.

u
n
= u
0
+ n
u
n
= u
k
+ (n k)
Somme :
u
0
+ u
1
+ u
2
+ + u
n
= (n + 1)
u
0
+ u
n
2
u
k
+ u
k+1
+ + u
n1
+ u
n
=
(n k + 1)(u
k
+ u
n
)
2
e.g. 1 + 2 + 3 + + n =
n(n+1)
2
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel :
Suite arithmetique
u
n+1
= u
n
+
la raison de la suite
.

u
n
= u
0
+ n
u
n
= u
k
+ (n k)
Somme :
u
0
+ u
1
+ u
2
+ + u
n
= (n + 1)
u
0
+ u
n
2
u
k
+ u
k+1
+ + u
n1
+ u
n
=
(n k + 1)(u
k
+ u
n
)
2
e.g. 1 + 2 + 3 + + n =
n(n+1)
2
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel :
Suite geometrique
v
n+1
= v
n

la raison
.
q
v
n
= v
0
q
n
v
n
= v
k
q
nk
Somme :
v
0
+ v
1
+ v
2
+ + v
n
= v
0
1 q
n+1
1 q
v
k
+ v
k+1
+ + v
n1
+ v
n
= v
k
1 q
nk+1
1 q
e.g. 1 + q + q
2
+ q
3
+ + q
n
=
1q
n+1
1q
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel :
Suite geometrique
v
n+1
= v
n

la raison
.
q
v
n
= v
0
q
n
v
n
= v
k
q
nk
Somme :
v
0
+ v
1
+ v
2
+ + v
n
= v
0
1 q
n+1
1 q
v
k
+ v
k+1
+ + v
n1
+ v
n
= v
k
1 q
nk+1
1 q
e.g. 1 + q + q
2
+ q
3
+ + q
n
=
1q
n+1
1q
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 1
La suite u
n
denie par u
n
=
3n1
n+2

Le sens de variation : lobjectif est de montrer u

n+1
u
n
> or < 0
u
n+1
=
3
n
.
(n + 1) 1
(n + 1)
.
n
+2
=
3n + 2
n + 3
u
n+1
u
n
=
3n + 2
n + 3

3n 1
n + 2
=
7
(n + 3)(n + 2)
Pour tout entier naturel n N, on a (n + 3)(n + 2) > 0, alors
u
n+1
u
n
> 0 u
n+1
> u
n
la suite u
n
est strictement croissante.

La convergence : lim
n+
u
n
lim
n+
3n 1
n + 2
= lim
n+
3
1
n
1 +
2
n
= 3
= cette suite converge vers 3.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 1
La suite u
n
denie par u
n
=
3n1
n+2

Le sens de variation : lobjectif est de montrer u

n+1
u
n
> or < 0
u
n+1
=
3
n
.
(n + 1) 1
(n + 1)
.
n
+2
=
3n + 2
n + 3
u
n+1
u
n
=
3n + 2
n + 3

3n 1
n + 2
=
7
(n + 3)(n + 2)
Pour tout entier naturel n N, on a (n + 3)(n + 2) > 0, alors
u
n+1
u
n
> 0 u
n+1
> u
n
la suite u
n
est strictement croissante.

La convergence : lim
n+
u
n
lim
n+
3n 1
n + 2
= lim
n+
3
1
n
1 +
2
n
= 3
= cette suite converge vers 3.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 1
La suite u
n
denie par u
n
=
3n1
n+2

Le sens de variation : lobjectif est de montrer u

n+1
u
n
> or < 0
u
n+1
=
3
n
.
(n + 1) 1
(n + 1)
.
n
+2
=
3n + 2
n + 3
u
n+1
u
n
=
3n + 2
n + 3

3n 1
n + 2
=
7
(n + 3)(n + 2)
Pour tout entier naturel n N, on a (n + 3)(n + 2) > 0, alors
u
n+1
u
n
> 0 u
n+1
> u
n
la suite u
n
est strictement croissante.

La convergence : lim
n+
u
n
lim
n+
3n 1
n + 2
= lim
n+
3
1
n
1 +
2
n
= 3
= cette suite converge vers 3.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 1
La suite u
n
denie par u
n
=
3n1
n+2

Le sens de variation : lobjectif est de montrer u

n+1
u
n
> or < 0
u
n+1
=
3
n
.
(n + 1) 1
(n + 1)
.
n
+2
=
3n + 2
n + 3
u
n+1
u
n
=
3n + 2
n + 3

3n 1
n + 2
=
7
(n + 3)(n + 2)
Pour tout entier naturel n N, on a (n + 3)(n + 2) > 0, alors
u
n+1
u
n
> 0 u
n+1
> u
n
la suite u
n
est strictement croissante.

La convergence : lim
n+
u
n
lim
n+
3n 1
n + 2
= lim
n+
3
1
n
1 +
2
n
= 3
= cette suite converge vers 3.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 1
La suite u
n
denie par u
n
=
3n1
n+2

Le sens de variation : lobjectif est de montrer u

n+1
u
n
> or < 0
u
n+1
=
3
n
.
(n + 1) 1
(n + 1)
.
n
+2
=
3n + 2
n + 3
u
n+1
u
n
=
3n + 2
n + 3

3n 1
n + 2
=
7
(n + 3)(n + 2)
Pour tout entier naturel n N, on a (n + 3)(n + 2) > 0, alors
u
n+1
u
n
> 0 u
n+1
> u
n
la suite u
n
est strictement croissante.

La convergence : lim
n+
u
n
lim
n+
3n 1
n + 2
= lim
n+
3
1
n
1 +
2
n
= 3
= cette suite converge vers 3.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 2
La suite u
n
est denie par
_
u
0
= 0
u
n+1
=
2u
n
+3
u
n
n N
La suite u
n
est stationaire, lorsque u
n+1
= u
n
.
Supposons n = 0
u
0+1
=
2u
0
+ 3
u
0
= u
0

_
u
0
= 3
u
0
= 1
alors la suite u
n
est stationaire, lorsque u
0
= 3 ou u
0
= 1
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 2
La suite u
n
est denie par
_
u
0
= 0
u
n+1
=
2u
n
+3
u
n
n N
La suite u
n
est stationaire, lorsque u
n+1
= u
n
.
Supposons n = 0
u
0+1
=
2u
0
+ 3
u
0
= u
0

_
u
0
= 3
u
0
= 1
alors la suite u
n
est stationaire, lorsque u
0
= 3 ou u
0
= 1
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 3
La convergence de la suite u
n
= n

n
2
n :
lim
n+
u
n
= ?
Transformation :
u
n
= n
_
n
2
n =
(n

n
2
n)(n +

n
2
n)
n +

n
2
n
=
n
2
n
2
+ n
n +

n
2
n
=
n
n +

n
2
n
=
1
1 +
_
1
1
n
=
lim
n+
u
n
=
1
2
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 3
La convergence de la suite u
n
= n

n
2
n :
lim
n+
u
n
= ?
Transformation :
u
n
= n
_
n
2
n =
(n

n
2
n)(n +

n
2
n)
n +

n
2
n
=
n
2
n
2
+ n
n +

n
2
n
=
n
n +

n
2
n
=
1
1 +
_
1
1
n
=
lim
n+
u
n
=
1
2
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 3
La convergence de la suite u
n
= n

n
2
n :
lim
n+
u
n
= ?
Transformation :
u
n
= n
_
n
2
n =
(n

n
2
n)(n +

n
2
n)
n +

n
2
n
=
n
2
n
2
+ n
n +

n
2
n
=
n
n +

n
2
n
=
1
1 +
_
1
1
n
=
lim
n+
u
n
=
1
2
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 4
1).
_
_
_
u
0
= 0
u
1
= 1
u
n+2
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
Objectif : montrer
n+1
= q
n
Demonstration :

n
= u
n+1
u
n

n+1
= u
n+2
u
n+1
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
u
n+1
=
1
2
(u
n+1
u
n
)

n+1

n
=
1
2

n
est une suite geometrique, et la raison de la suite est
1
2
.

n+1
=
1
2

n
=
1
2

0
(
1
2
)
2
=
0
(
1
2
)
n+1
, avec
0
= u
1
u
0
= 1
=
n
= (
1
2
)
n
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 4
1).
_
_
_
u
0
= 0
u
1
= 1
u
n+2
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
Objectif : montrer
n+1
= q
n
Demonstration :

n
= u
n+1
u
n

n+1
= u
n+2
u
n+1
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
u
n+1
=
1
2
(u
n+1
u
n
)

n+1

n
=
1
2

n
est une suite geometrique, et la raison de la suite est
1
2
.

n+1
=
1
2

n
=
1
2

0
(
1
2
)
2
=
0
(
1
2
)
n+1
, avec
0
= u
1
u
0
= 1
=
n
= (
1
2
)
n
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 4
1).
_
_
_
u
0
= 0
u
1
= 1
u
n+2
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
Objectif : montrer
n+1
= q
n
Demonstration :

n
= u
n+1
u
n

n+1
= u
n+2
u
n+1
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
u
n+1
=
1
2
(u
n+1
u
n
)

n+1

n
=
1
2

n
est une suite geometrique, et la raison de la suite est
1
2
.

n+1
=
1
2

n
=
1
2

0
(
1
2
)
2
=
0
(
1
2
)
n+1
, avec
0
= u
1
u
0
= 1
=
n
= (
1
2
)
n
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 4
1).
_
_
_
u
0
= 0
u
1
= 1
u
n+2
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
Objectif : montrer
n+1
= q
n
Demonstration :

n
= u
n+1
u
n

n+1
= u
n+2
u
n+1
=
3
2
u
n+1

1
2
u
n
u
n+1
=
1
2
(u
n+1
u
n
)

n+1

n
=
1
2

n
est une suite geometrique, et la raison de la suite est
1
2
.

n+1
=
1
2

n
=
1
2

0
(
1
2
)
2
=
0
(
1
2
)
n+1
, avec
0
= u
1
u
0
= 1
=
n
= (
1
2
)
n
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
2). Exprimer u
n
en fonction de n

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
n lignes
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

0
= u
1
u
0
= (
1
2
)
0

1
= u
2
u
1
= (
1
2
)
1

2
= u
3
u
2
= (
1
2
)
2
.
.
.

n1
= u
n
u
n1
= (
1
2
)
n1

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
=
n

i =0

i
= u
n+1
u
0
=
(Somme de suite geometrique)
.
(
1
2
)
0
+ (
1
2
)
1
+ (
1
2
)
2
+ + (
1
2
)
n
=
u
n+1
=
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
1
1
2
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
=
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
2). Exprimer u
n
en fonction de n

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
n lignes
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

0
= u
1 //
u
0
= (
1
2
)
0

1
= u
1 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
1

2
= u
3 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
2
.
.
.

n1
= u
n //
u
n1
/////
= (
1
2
)
n1

n
= u
n+1
u
n //
= (
1
2
)
n
=
n

i =0

i
= u
n+1
u
0
=
(Somme de suite geometrique)
.
(
1
2
)
0
+ (
1
2
)
1
+ (
1
2
)
2
+ + (
1
2
)
n
=
u
n+1
=
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
1
1
2
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
=
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
2). Exprimer u
n
en fonction de n

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
n lignes
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

0
= u
1 //
u
0
= (
1
2
)
0

1
= u
1 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
1

2
= u
3 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
2
.
.
.

n1
= u
n //
u
n1
/////
= (
1
2
)
n1

n
= u
n+1
u
n //
= (
1
2
)
n
=
n

i =0

i
= u
n+1
u
0
=
(Somme de suite geometrique)
.
(
1
2
)
0
+ (
1
2
)
1
+ (
1
2
)
2
+ + (
1
2
)
n
=
u
n+1
=
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
1
1
2
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
=
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
2). Exprimer u
n
en fonction de n

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
n lignes
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

0
= u
1 //
u
0
= (
1
2
)
0

1
= u
1 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
1

2
= u
3 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
2
.
.
.

n1
= u
n //
u
n1
/////
= (
1
2
)
n1

n
= u
n+1
u
n //
= (
1
2
)
n
=
n

i =0

i
= u
n+1
u
0
=
(Somme de suite geometrique)
.
(
1
2
)
0
+ (
1
2
)
1
+ (
1
2
)
2
+ + (
1
2
)
n
=
u
n+1
=
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
1
1
2
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
=
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
2). Exprimer u
n
en fonction de n

n
= u
n+1
u
n
= (
1
2
)
n
n lignes
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

0
= u
1 //
u
0
= (
1
2
)
0

1
= u
1 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
1

2
= u
3 //
u
2 //
= (
1
2
)
2
.
.
.

n1
= u
n //
u
n1
/////
= (
1
2
)
n1

n
= u
n+1
u
n //
= (
1
2
)
n
=
n

i =0

i
= u
n+1
u
0
=
(Somme de suite geometrique)
.
(
1
2
)
0
+ (
1
2
)
1
+ (
1
2
)
2
+ + (
1
2
)
n
=
u
n+1
=
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
1
1
2
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
=
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
3). bornee ? monotone ? convergente ?

monotone :
u
n+1
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2(
1
2
)
n
(1
1
2
) > 0

convergente :
lim
n+
u
n
= lim
n+
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2

bornee

u
n
est magoree par 2

u
n
est minoree par 0 (lorsque n = 0)
alors, la suite u
n
est bornee
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
3). bornee ? monotone ? convergente ?

monotone :
u
n+1
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2(
1
2
)
n
(1
1
2
) > 0

convergente :
lim
n+
u
n
= lim
n+
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2

bornee

u
n
est magoree par 2

u
n
est minoree par 0 (lorsque n = 0)
alors, la suite u
n
est bornee
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
3). bornee ? monotone ? convergente ?

monotone :
u
n+1
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2(
1
2
)
n
(1
1
2
) > 0

convergente :
lim
n+
u
n
= lim
n+
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2

bornee

u
n
est magoree par 2

u
n
est minoree par 0 (lorsque n = 0)
alors, la suite u
n
est bornee
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
3). bornee ? monotone ? convergente ?

monotone :
u
n+1
u
n
= 2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n+1
_
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2(
1
2
)
n
(1
1
2
) > 0

convergente :
lim
n+
u
n
= lim
n+
2
_
1 (
1
2
)
n
_
= 2

bornee

u
n
est magoree par 2

u
n
est minoree par 0 (lorsque n = 0)
alors, la suite u
n
est bornee
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 5
u
n
=
n

k=1
1
k(k + 1)
=
n

k=1
(
1
k

1
k + 1
)
=
n

k=1
1
k

k=1
1
k + 1
)
= (1 +
1
2
+
1
3
+ +
1
n
) (
1
2
+
1
3
+ +
1
n
+
1
n + 1
)
= 1
1
n + 1
lim
n+
u
n
= lim
n+
(1
1
n + 1
) = 1
alors, u
n
converge vers 1.
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel : suite arithmetique-geometrique
_

0
= (Constant)

n+1
= m
n
+
Il sagit dune suite arithmetique-geometrique. Pour determiner la suite
n
, il y
a 2 methodes.
Solution 1 concevoir une nouvelle suite geometrique
n+1
avec la raison m.

n+1
= m
n

n+1
+ K = m(
n
+ K)

(
n + 1) = m
n
+ mK K = ma
n
+

K(m 1)
= K(m 1) K =

m1

n+1
=
0
m
n+1

n+1
+ K = (
0
+ K)m
n+1
=
n
= (
0
+

m1
)m
n

m1
Solution 2

n+1
= m
n
+ (1)

n+2
= m
n+1
+ (2)
(2) (1)
n+2

n+1
= q(
n+1

n
)

n
= (
n

n1
) + (
n1

n2
) + + (
2

1
) + (
1

0
) +
0

n
=
0
+ (
1

0
)
1q
n
1q
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel : suite arithmetique-geometrique
_

0
= (Constant)

n+1
= m
n
+
Il sagit dune suite arithmetique-geometrique. Pour determiner la suite
n
, il y
a 2 methodes.
Solution 1 concevoir une nouvelle suite geometrique
n+1
avec la raison m.

n+1
= m
n

n+1
+ K = m(
n
+ K)

(
n + 1) = m
n
+ mK K = ma
n
+

K(m 1)
= K(m 1) K =

m1

n+1
=
0
m
n+1

n+1
+ K = (
0
+ K)m
n+1
=
n
= (
0
+

m1
)m
n

m1
Solution 2

n+1
= m
n
+ (1)

n+2
= m
n+1
+ (2)
(2) (1)
n+2

n+1
= q(
n+1

n
)

n
= (
n

n1
) + (
n1

n2
) + + (
2

1
) + (
1

0
) +
0

n
=
0
+ (
1

0
)
1q
n
1q
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Rappel : suite arithmetique-geometrique
_

0
= (Constant)

n+1
= m
n
+
Il sagit dune suite arithmetique-geometrique. Pour determiner la suite
n
, il y
a 2 methodes.
Solution 1 concevoir une nouvelle suite geometrique
n+1
avec la raison m.

n+1
= m
n

n+1
+ K = m(
n
+ K)

(
n + 1) = m
n
+ mK K = ma
n
+

K(m 1)
= K(m 1) K =

m1

n+1
=
0
m
n+1

n+1
+ K = (
0
+ K)m
n+1
=
n
= (
0
+

m1
)m
n

m1
Solution 2

n+1
= m
n
+ (1)

n+2
= m
n+1
+ (2)
(2) (1)
n+2

n+1
= q(
n+1

n
)

n
= (
n

n1
) + (
n1

n2
) + + (
2

1
) + (
1

0
) +
0

n
=
0
+ (
1

0
)
1q
n
1q
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 6
1).
_
u
0
= 20000
u
n+1
= 1.01u
n
+ 500
m = 1.01, = 500
=
u
n
= (u
0
+

m 1
)m
n

m 1
= (20000 +
500
1.01 1
) 1.01
n

500
1.01 1
= 70000(1.01)
n
50000
u
5
= 23571
2). Notons t
n
le pourcentage de la population moins de 15 ans et x
n
le
nombre des individus correspondants.
t
n
= t
0
(1 0.02)
n
avec t
0
= 0.15 t
5
= (0.15)(1 0.02)
5
= 0.136
x
n
= u
n
t
n

_
x
0
= 20000 0.15 = 3000 (01/01/2000)
x
5
= u
5
t
5
= 23571 0.136 = 3196 (01/01/2005)
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 6
1).
_
u
0
= 20000
u
n+1
= 1.01u
n
+ 500
m = 1.01, = 500
=
u
n
= (u
0
+

m 1
)m
n

m 1
= (20000 +
500
1.01 1
) 1.01
n

500
1.01 1
= 70000(1.01)
n
50000
u
5
= 23571
2). Notons t
n
le pourcentage de la population moins de 15 ans et x
n
le
nombre des individus correspondants.
t
n
= t
0
(1 0.02)
n
avec t
0
= 0.15 t
5
= (0.15)(1 0.02)
5
= 0.136
x
n
= u
n
t
n

_
x
0
= 20000 0.15 = 3000 (01/01/2000)
x
5
= u
5
t
5
= 23571 0.136 = 3196 (01/01/2005)
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 6
1).
_
u
0
= 20000
u
n+1
= 1.01u
n
+ 500
m = 1.01, = 500
=
u
n
= (u
0
+

m 1
)m
n

m 1
= (20000 +
500
1.01 1
) 1.01
n

500
1.01 1
= 70000(1.01)
n
50000
u
5
= 23571
2). Notons t
n
le pourcentage de la population moins de 15 ans et x
n
le
nombre des individus correspondants.
t
n
= t
0
(1 0.02)
n
avec t
0
= 0.15 t
5
= (0.15)(1 0.02)
5
= 0.136
x
n
= u
n
t
n

_
x
0
= 20000 0.15 = 3000 (01/01/2000)
x
5
= u
5
t
5
= 23571 0.136 = 3196 (01/01/2005)
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 7
Notons t
m
taux de croissance annuel moyen de la population.
p
0
: la taille de la population en 1990
p
9
: la taille de la population en 1999
p
1
= p
0
+ t
m
p
0
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
p
2
= p
1
+ t
m
p
1
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
2
p
3
= p
2
+ t
m
p
2
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
3
.
.
.
p
9
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
9
=
p
9
p
0
= (1 + t
m
)
9
t
m
=
9
_
p
9
p
0
1 = 0.0058
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 7
Notons t
m
taux de croissance annuel moyen de la population.
p
0
: la taille de la population en 1990
p
9
: la taille de la population en 1999
p
1
= p
0
+ t
m
p
0
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
p
2
= p
1
+ t
m
p
1
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
2
p
3
= p
2
+ t
m
p
2
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
3
.
.
.
p
9
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
9
=
p
9
p
0
= (1 + t
m
)
9
t
m
=
9
_
p
9
p
0
1 = 0.0058
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 7
Notons t
m
taux de croissance annuel moyen de la population.
p
0
: la taille de la population en 1990
p
9
: la taille de la population en 1999
p
1
= p
0
+ t
m
p
0
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
p
2
= p
1
+ t
m
p
1
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
2
p
3
= p
2
+ t
m
p
2
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
3
.
.
.
p
9
= p
0
(1 + t
m
)
9
=
p
9
p
0
= (1 + t
m
)
9
t
m
=
9
_
p
9
p
0
1 = 0.0058
TD 3
Rappel
Exercice 1
Exercice 2
Exercice 3
Exercice 4
Exercice 5
Exercice 6
Exercice 7
Exercice 8
Excercice 8
La pression atmospherique deminue `a taux constant (i = 0.01).
La valeur p
n
`a laltitude n 100 m`etre est
p
n
= p
0
(1 + i )
n
avec p
0
= 1013
=
p
4
= 1013(1 0.01)
4
= 973