Chapter 1: Introduction

The invention all admird, and each, how he To be th inventor missed; so easy it seemd Once found, which yet unfound most would have thought Impossible John Milton

Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Product Development Approaches

Figure 1.1 Approaches to product development. (a) Classic approach, with large design iterations typical of the over-the-wall engineering approach. (b) A more modern approach, showing a main design flow with minor iterations representing concurrent engineering inputs. Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Pugsley Method for Safety Factor

Safety Factor:

Pugsley Equation:

Figure 1.2 Safety factor characteristics A, B, and C.

Figure 1.3 Safety factor characteristics D and E.

Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Design for Assembly

Figure 1.2 Effect of manufacturing and assembly considerations on design of a reciprocating power saw. (a) Original design, with 41 parts and 6.37-min assembly time; (b) modified design, with 29 parts and 2.58min assembly time. Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

SI Units

Table 1.3 SI units and prefixes. Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Conversion Factors

Table 1.4 Conversion factors and definitio

Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Invisalign Product

Figure 1.3 The Invisalign product. (a) An example of an Aligner; (b) a comparison of conventional orthodontic braces and a transparent Aligner. Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Invisalign Part 1

Figure 1.4 The process used in application of Invisalign orthodontic treatment. (a) Impressions are made of the patient's teeth by the orthontist, and shipped to Align technology, Inc. These are used to make plaster models of the patient's teeth. (b) High-resolution three-dimensional representations of the teeth are produced from the plaster models. The correction plan is then developed using computer tools.
Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements

Invisalign Part 2

Figure 1.4 (cont.) (c) Rapid-prototyped molds of the teeth at incremental positions are produced through stereolithography. (d) An Aligner, produced by molding a transparent plastic over the stereolithography part. Each Aligner is work approximately two weeks. The patient is left with a healthy bite and a beautiful smile.
Hamrock Fundamentals of Machine Elements