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University of Aden Faculty of Engineering Odd Semester Examination (2011-2012) Subject: Artificial Intelligence Date: /4/2012 Class: B5CS/B5CSE

Time: 2 hours -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS 1# (a) What is a Heuristic? When it Dominating other function. Describe a good heuristic function for the Tic_Tac_Teo problem. (b) Find out about the Medical Diagnosis Expert system : (i) What are the percepts and sensors for this agent? (ii) Characterize the operating environment. (iii) What are the effectors and the actions agent can take? (iv) What are the main Goals? 2# (a) Suppose you design a machine to pass the Turing test. What are the capabilities such a machine must have? (b) Consider the following statements:

Using the forward resolution and backward (refutation) reasoning, prove that Dogs are Apartment pets 3# (a) List the Problem's Characteristics and explain any two of them with suitable example. (b) Given the following predicates, knows (X, Y). father (X, Y). Write the following queries with their answers; (i) Is Omer the father of Ali? (ii) Is there a person known by both Ali and Omer? (iii) Who is the son of Salem? (iv) Does Omer know any body? 4# (a) Compare forward and backward reasoning with example (b) Explain what is meant by the following terms: (i) Weak AI, (ii) Completeness, (iii) Admissibility, (iv) Rational agent.

(i) The dog is small. (ii) Every small pet is an Apartment pet. (iii) Dogs are pets.

5# (a) What is an A.I agent ? List the various types of A.I agent architectures ? . (b) Consider the above map. Use the A* algorithm. To work out a route from town A to town M, using the following cost functions: g(n) = The cost of each move as the distance between each town (shown on map). h(n) = The straight line distance between towns and M, (given in the table below).

6# (a) Explain the REVERSE TURING TEST with example. (b) Given the following search tree, apply the MiniMax algorithm and - pruning technique to it and show the search tree that would be built by this algorithm. Show where the alpha and beta cuts are applied and which parts of the search tree are pruned as a result.

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