Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
TYPES OF PRESTRESSING
By LAKSHMINARAYANAN M S7C1, Roll No. 25
OVERVIEW
PRETENSIONING SYSTEMS
POST- TENSIONING SYSTEMS
THERMO-ELECTRIC
PRETENSIONING SYSTEMS
Tensioning of Tendons is Done Before Casting
INTRODUCTION
STAGES OF PRETENSIONING
ADVANTAGES OF PRETENSIONING DISADVANTAGES DEVICES Hoyers System
3
INTRODUCTION
Tensioning of Tendons is Done Before Casting
Prestress transferred to concrete due to the bond Occurs only over a definite length from ends called
Transmission Length
The member undergoes elastic shortening. If the tendon is located at an eccentricity-
STAGES OF PRETENSIONING
1) Anchoring of tendons against end abutments
(bulkheads)
2) Placing the jacks
3) Applying tension
4) Casting the concrete member
ADVANTAGES
Suitable for precast members produced in bulk
DISADVANTAGES
Suitable prestressing bed is required; Long waiting period; Strength depends on transmission length.
DEVICES
1. Prestressing bed 2. End abutments 3. Mould 4. Jack 5. Anchoring device 6. Harping device
10
Prestressing Bed
P/2
P/2
Tension Frame
12
Hoyers System
Also called Long Line Method End abutments are kept sufficient distance apart Several members are cast in a single line. Shuttering provided at sides and as separators. Hydraulic jacks, travelling stress bench, steel wedge anchorages are generally used.
13
Anchoring Devices
Usually wedge and friction principle. In pretensioning, the tendons are held in tension for a
longer period
Usually, cheap quick-release grips are used.
14
Harping Devices
Hold down anchors Jack action
16
POST-TENSIONING SYSTEMS
INTRODUCTION
STAGES
ADVANTAGES DEVICES SYSTEMS BASED ON ANCHORING DEVICES
17
INTRODUCTION
The ducts are placed along with the reinforcement The tendons are placed in the duct after casting Thus, there is no contact between tendons and
concrete
The prestress is transferred by end reactions at the 2
ends
18
STAGES OF POSTTENSIONING
1) Casting of concrete 2) Placement of ducts/ tendons 3) Placement of anchorage blocks and jack 4) Applying tension to the tendons 5) Seating of the wedges 6) Cutting of the tendons
19
20
ADVANTAGES
Suitable for heavy cast-in-situ members.
length.
The only DISADVANTAGES are the
DEVICES
1. Casting bed
2. Mould
3. Ducts
4. Anchoring devices
5. Jacks
6. Couplers
7. Grouting equipments
22
Anchoring Devices
Based on 3 principles: o Wedge Action o Direct Bearing o Looping the Wires
23
Wedge Action
Consists of Anchorage block and Wedges. Strands are held by friction grip of the wedges
The popular patented systems based on wedge action are: Freyssinet anchorages Magnel-Blaton anchorages Gifford-Udall anchorages Lee McCall anchorages
24
Freyssinet
Consists of two pieces (wedges). Piece 1:- Hollow Cylinder with Conical Interior. Piece 2:- Conical Plug lined longitudinally
25
26
Conical Plug/Wedge
Hollow Cylinder
27
Magnel-Blaton System
Modification of Freyssinet.
grooved.
Sandwich Plate Each plate can hold 8 wires.
The space between the wires
Wedge
28
Gifford-Udall
Consists of:- Metallic ducts,
Gifford-Udall
Tube Anchorages Plate Anchorages
30
31
Lee McCall
For wires of large diameters (bars);
Direct Bearing
The tendons are anchored by bearing action
B.B.R.V Prescon
system system
33
B.B.R.V
Suitable for transmitting very large forces. A B.B.R.V. tendon consists of several parallel wires The ends of each of this terminate with a
machined fixture.
forces upto
12000 kN 90-170 wires
35
Prescon
Modification of the BBRV system In addition,
o Steel wires are threaded with washers tightened before
bearing.
36
Looping of Wires
Double tendons are wrapped around the end block,
which is D-shaped Theses end blocks (outside the structural member) are then forced to move by jack action. The final gap is concreted.
o Baur-Leonhardt system. o Leoba system
37
38
THERMO ELECTRIC
Wires are coated with thermoplastic material. Then they are embedded in concrete as usual After hardening, the wires are heated by low voltage
high current.
Temperature rises to 300-400C in 3-5 min.
Causes elongation of bars by 0.4-0.5 % On cooling, the bars shorten; but are checked by end
anchors.
The prestress is transferred by reaction at end anchors.
39
CHEMICAL
Makes use of expanding cement. Linear expansion of the cement is 3-4 % Prestress is developed when the steel wires check the
expansion of concrete.
Initial prestress upto 4-6.5 N/mm2 (Compressive)