Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
.
10b/s
50
Mb/s.
.
.
.
.
1.
1.1.
.
,
.
, ,
,
.
,
,
.
peer to peer .
. .
, ,
.
UNIX
- .
( , ,
, ). ,
, , . ,
1
.
1.
2
, B C. ,
,
. , ,
.
.
1.2.
,
. .
2 :
1)
2)
.
.
, , , ,
.
. :
1) ( , ,
, , ,
.
2) ( ,
) .
,
.
3) ( , ) .
( 10)
.
.
( , hubova, switcheva, routera, ).
UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair indoor , i STP Shielded Twisted Pair
(, ,
, UTP ).
"" ,
(4 , 4 ).
SFTP (Shielded Foil Twisted Pair) ScTP
(Screened Twsted Par) .
, UTP
100.
.
,
100 m (
).
.
4
. : straight-through crossover.
Straight switchem,
routerom , crossover
.
RJ45
:
Straight = T568B - T568B
Crossover = T658A - T568B
2. ADSL -
xDSL "x"
.
ADSL .
ADSL ,
,
.
. .
()
300Hz 3400Hz. ()
4000Hz
3dB 3100Hz.
.
xDSL
()
.
.
3100Hz .
: ,
.
( , , .).
2.
3 DSL .
6
2
.
.
.
.
. ,
, .
xDSL . ,
3
.
: .
56Kb/s.
.
AT&T.
1.1MHz :
, () -
, () -
. O
.
,
AT&T .
DMT3
3. DMT
,
. 1.1Hz 256
4312,5Hz.
3. ADSL DMT
DMT
.
. 0 60kb/s.
4
.
.
7
4. DMT
( 4):
K "0" .
25kHz.
1
:
.
. 248
.
5. ADSL
, 248
. ,
.
.
.
8
50-50 80%90% . :
.
"" ADSL-a. : 32
.
.
.
ADSL (ANSI T1.413 ITU G.992.1)
8Mb/s 1Mb/s
. .
512kb/s 64 kb/s 1Mb/s
512kb/s .
V.34. ADSL
4000 V.34 2400 .
e , ,
.
. QAM 15
.
ADLS 5.
NID .
. (
) .
0 4000Hz
.
ADSL . ADSL
250
QAM . ADSL
()
.
: ADSL
. USB .
ADSL .
, ,
.
.
26kHz -
DSLAM.
DSLAM
ADSL . ADSL
,
ISP.
9
6. ADSL
e
ADSL ,
. DSLAM,
ADSL .
(. ISDN)
.
5 NID
.
.
. G.lite
ITU .
. :
ADSL .
3400Hz;
ADSL
26kHz.
. G.lite 1.5Mb/s
( 8Mb/s ADSL ).
ADSL .
.
.
10
3. HDSL -
e
HDSL BellCore 1980. .
1,5442Mb/s. 1 I
1,5MHz. ,
T1 1Km
().
.
HDSL :
21Q ,
2Mb/s ,
196kHz,
3,7km.
11
4. SDSL -
HDSL
T1 .
.
SDSL HDSL
. 21Q
.
12
5. VDSL -
xDSL
VDSL.
DSL-
(.5).
7. ADSL i VDSL -
(24AWG) (kft)
DMT ( 2) a
CAP ( 8). A
je QAM
e .
" ".
8. VDSL CAP
13
VDSL
:
- 0 4kHz,
ISDN - 4 80kHz,
- 300 700kHz,
- 1Hz.
ADSL
HDSL
SDSL
1,5 - 9 b/s
1,544-2048
1,544-2048
b/s
b/s
16 - 640 kb/s
.
1
2
1
(24 AWG)
3,7 - 5,5km
3,7km
3,0 km
CAP / DMT
2B1Q
2B1Q
1 do 5MHz
196kHz
196kHz
/
4
4
1. xDSL
VDSL
13 - 52 b/s
1,5 - 2,3 b/s
1
1,4km
DMT
10MHz
14
,
ASDL, HSDL i xSDL.
.
.
ISDN-.
ASDL
(Asymmetrical Sbscriber Digital Link
)
,
. , 56kb/s
, ADSL
,
.
HSDL (High Speed Digital Link )
ASDL-a. xSDL
.
. ,
.
15