STX Canada Marine Inc. STX US Marine Inc.

The Changing Face of OPV Designs and Principal Cost Drivers OPV Asia Conference - Singapore April 5-7, 2011 Presented by: Dave McMillan - President

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Contents
STX Company background STXM Experience in Offshore Patrol Vessel designs Latest trends in OPV designs Logical limit of maximum speed Hybrid power systems for total speed range Electronics suite active/passive deterrent Multi-role capability and applicable functionality Hull form focused on comfort and survivability Baseline ship cost distribution How each factor affects total ship cost Conclusions

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STX Company background

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STX Shipbuilding: 18 shipyards in 8 countries

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STX Marine Inc.

STX Canada Marine Inc. and STX US Marine Inc. are wholly owned subsidiaries of STX Offshore and Shipbuilding in Korea, with offices located in:
Vancouver, British Columbia, - Main technical office, 40+ staff

Houston, Texas, - engineering support to US Gulf Coast clients and offshore oil and gas business

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Strategic Business Areas

Complex vessels such as: Offshore; Patrol; Research; Military; Floating plants; Ferries

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STX Experience in Offshore Patrol Vessel designs

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STX OPV Design Philosophy

Work with Client to develop a design that meets their needs at the lowest cost while maintaining quality and performance Commercial, robust vessel that provides extended service life using COTS equipment and materials Efficient operation through optimum use of hull configurations and structural design Propulsion power plant for adequate intercept speed and loiter drives for slow speed surveillance operations if necessary. Superior crew habitability provided as a result of reduced ship motions, low noise and vibration levels and a good standard of accommodation. The ability to launch and recover boarding or interceptor boats and to perform Helo operations in open ocean conditions.

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Design Database Available for OPVs

Year PV30 Finnish Frontier Guard - "Lokki" Class 1985 Delivered 4 Prelim Basic X Functional X Prod X Model Tests X

PV45
PV50 PV55 PV62 PV72

South African Fisheries Department

Finnish Navy - "Hamina" Class Australian Navy - RPB Design Royal Thai Navy - CPV CCG Leonard J. Cowley

2001
2007 2002 1998 1986 1 3

X
X X X X X X X X X

PV75
PV80 PV80 PV85 PV85 PV85

Mauritius Coast Guard "Vigilant"

Philippines Navy - OPV Irish Naval Service "Roisin/ Niamh Royal Thai Navy - Customs Vessels Royal New Zealand Navy - "Otago And Wellington South African Fisheries Department

1996
1997 2000 1998 2007 2004

X
X

2 X 2

X X X X X

PV90
PV95

Irish Naval Service Vessel

Indian Coast Guard

2010
2010

2 (on order)

X
X

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STX Marine PV 50 and PV55

Hamina Class 30 knot+ Alum/Composite Vessel

25 knot steel hull vessel

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STX Marine PV72 and PV75

M.V. Leonard J. Cowley for Canadian Department of Fisheries 16 knots

M.V. Vigilant for Mauritius Coast Guard 22 knots

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STX Marine PV 80 and PV85

L.E. Niamh and L.E. Roisin for Irish Naval Service - 22 knots

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HMNZS Wellington and Otago for Royal New Zealand Navy

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STX Marine PV 90

90 Metre OPV for the Irish Naval Service Designed in cooperation with Babcock UK
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Latest trends in OPV designs

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Modern OPVs

Chile Denmark

Canada

New Zealand

Trinidad and Tobago

Norway United Kingdom

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Thailand

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Latest trends in OPV designs

Increased compatibility and integration with other naval assets Cooperation with multi-national agencies Higher level of surveillance and combat capability More emphasis on stealth; reduced radar and infrared signature Higher speed and increased range Hybrid Machinery Plants Greater flexibility and multi-role capability Operability in higher sea states Greater crew comfort with enhanced living quarters

DOES THIS APPROACH FIT THE NEEDS OF ALL POTENTIAL OPERATORS ????

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Logical limit of maximum speed

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Hullform for Higher Speed and Increased Range

Hull form focused on comfort and survivability Higher speeds can dictate a more slender hullform Reduced internal volume Greater building costs Limiting through life growth versus draft Greater beam can have distinct advantages Increased internal volume Reduced labour costs for ship outfitting Greater crew comfort Better stability characteristics Greater flexibility in interior arrangement Negative impact on speed with increased beam Logical limit of maximum speed with diesel propulsion Length dependent but 24-25 knots is upper limit for 85M High speed is usually <5% of operating profile Slightly lower speed can mean 40% less installed power Greater range and reduced initial and operating costs
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Hullform and Speed

Speed vs Displacement
40

35

Typical 80-90M OPV

30

Speed [kn]

25

20

15

10 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Displacement [LT]

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Hullform and Speed

Displacement vs. Installed power
20000

17500

Typical 80-90M OPV

15000

BHP [hp total]

12500

10000

7500

5000

2500

0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Displacement [LT]

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Effect of Vessel Beam on Speed vs Power

Total Break Power Comparison
20000 18000 16000 14000

PB total [KW]

14m Beam OPV 13m Beam OPV 12m Beam OPV

12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 16 17 18 19 20

21

22

23

24

25

Vessel Speed [knots]

Assumes: Same Displacement and Cb and varies the Draft

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Hybrid Propulsion Plants

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Hybrid power systems for total speed range

Motor/ Gen Main Engine SSDG #1

SSDG #2

Loiter Mode Power Configuration

SSDG #3 Main Engine Motor/ Gen

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Hybrid power systems for total speed range

Motor/ Gen Main Engine SSDG #1

SSDG #2

Cruise Mode Power Configuration

SSDG #3 Main Engine Motor/ Gen

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Hybrid power systems for total speed range

Motor/ Gen

Main Engine

SSDG #1

Full Speed Power Configuration - option

SSDG #2

SSDG #3 Main Engine Motor/ Gen

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Electronics suite active/passive deterrent

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Surveillance and defense systems

Electronics suite active/passive deterrent Low End Capability COSTS Navigation Radar Electro-Optical Surveillance with Thermal Imaging 25mm gun C3 System Mid Range Capability 2D Surveillance and Target Indication Radar Stabilized Electro-Optical Surveillance System GFCS 57mm gun C3 System Tactical Displays High End Capability 3D Surveillance and Target Indication Radar Stabilized Electro-Optical Surveillance System GFCS 57/76mm gun C3 System Tactical Displays Decoy System ESM System Anti-Air Defense System
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Enhanced Combat and Surveillance Capability

Unmanned Helo Integrated Mast

76mm Rapid Fire Gun

Low Radar/Infrared Signature

Electro-Optical Target Tracker

Decoy System

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Multi-role capability and applicable functionality

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Multi-Roll Capability

Illegal Immigrants

Fire Fighting

Multi-function Deck Area Submarine Rescue

Drug Trafficking and Piracy Protection

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Arctic/Antarctic Operations

Spilled Oil Recovery

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Hull form focused on comfort and survivability

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Seakeeping Performance Crew Comfort/Safety

Seakeeping performance critical for operational effectiveness. Performance verified by analysis and model tests.

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Seakeeping Performance Crew Comfort/Safety

Video from HMZNS Wellington in the Ross Sea February 2011

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Greater Crew Comfort with Enhanced Living Quarters

Officer Cabins, Crew Cabins and Washroom Facilities

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Greater Crew Comfort with Enhanced Living Quarters

Officers Lounge and Mess

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Greater Crew Comfort with Enhanced Living Quarters

Main Galley and Crew Laundry

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Baseline ship cost distribution

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Baseline ship cost distribution 85M OPV

Material Costs PV85 - 20 knots
General 5% Electricity and Automation 28% Interior Outfitting 15%

Hull & Superstructures 7% General Hull & Superstructures Interior Outfitting Comfort System Machinery Comfort System 5%

Construction Labour Hours PV85 - 20 knots

Electricity and Automation 12% General 4%

Ship Outfitting 6% Machinery Outfitting 9%

Machinery Outfitting Ship Outfitting Ship Outfitting 5% Electricity and Automation Machinery Outfitting

Gene

Hull &

7%
Machinery 25%

Interio Comf

Machinery 4% Comfort System 1% Interior Outfitting 8% Hull & Superstructures 59%

Mach

Mach

Ship O

Electr

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How each factor affects total ship cost

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What are the major cost drivers?

Overall Hull length Vessel Speed Surveillance and defense systems

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How Each Factor Affects Total Ship Cost

Principal factors are: Vessel Length Labor Material Vessel Speed Labor Material Vessel Surveillance and Defense Systems Principally material costs

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Effect of Length on Vessel Labour Hours

Construction Labour Hours PV85 - 23 knots
Electricity and Autom ation 11% Ship Outfitting 4% General 4% General Hull & Superstructures Machinery Outfitting 12% Interior Outfitting Machinery Outfitting Comfort System 12% Machinery Hull & Superstructures 54% Machinery Outfitting Machinery 7% Ship Outfitting Electricity and Automation System Com fort
1% Interior Outfitting 7% Electricity and Autom ation 10% Ship Outfitting 4%

Construction Labour Hours PV90 - 23 knots

General 4%

Genera

Hull & S Interior

Comfort

Machine

Machinery 7% Com fort System 1% Interior Outfitting 7%

Machine Hull & Superstructures 55%

Ship Ou

Electrici

23 knot 85M LOA Labour % 65 Labour Total 1

23 knot 90M LOA Labour % 66 Labour Total 1.06

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Effect of Length on Vessel Material Cost

Material Costs PV85 - 23 knots
Hull & Superstructures 5% Interior Outfitting 11% General Hull & Superstructures Interior Outfitting Ship Outfitting 4% Com fort System 4% Comfort System Machinery Ship Outfitting 4% Machinery Outfitting Ship Outfitting Machinery Outfitting Electricity and Automation 13% Com fort System 4%

Material Costs PV90 - 23 knots

General 4% Electricity and Autom ation 21% Hull & Superstructures 5%

General 4% Electricity and Autom ation 21%

Interior Outfitting 12%

In

Machinery Outfitting 13%

El

Machinery 38%

Machinery 37%

23 knot 85M LOA Material % 16 Material Total 1

23 knot 90M LOA Material % 17 Material Total 1.035

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Effect of Speed on Labour Hours

Construction Labour Hours PV85 - 20 knots
Electricity and Autom ation 12% Ship Outfitting 5% Machinery Outfitting 7% Machinery 4% Com fort System 1% Hull & Superstructures 59% General 4% General
Machinery Outfitting 12% Electricity and Autom ation 11% Ship Outfitting 4%

Construction Labour Hours PV85 - 23 knots

General 4% General

Hull & Sup

Interior O

Comfort S

Hull & Superstructures Interior Outfitting Comfort System Machinery Machinery Outfitting Ship Outfitting Electricity and Automation
Machinery 7% Com fort System 1% Interior Outfitting 7% Hull & Superstructures 54%

Machiner

Machiner

Ship Outf

Electricity

Interior Outfitting 8%

Construction Labour Hours PV85 - 25 knots

Electricity and Autom ation 10% Ship Outfitting 4%

General 3%

20 knot Service Speed Labour % 11 Labour Total 1

23 knot service Speed Labour % 19 Labour Total 1.134

25 knot service speed Labour % 23 Labour Total 1.213

Genera

Hull & S Machinery Outfitting 16% Interior

Comfor Hull & Superstructures 51%

Machin

Machin

Ship Ou

Electric Machinery 9% Com fort System 1% Interior Outfitting 6%

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Effect of Speed on Material Costs

Material Costs PV85 - 20 knots
General 5% Electricity and Automation 28% Interior Outfitting 15%
Electricity and Automation 21%

Material Costs PV85 - 23 knots

General 4%

Hull & Superstructures 5% Interior Outfitting 11%

Genera

Hull & S Interior

Hull & Superstructures 7% General Hull & Superstructures Interior Outfitting Comfort System Machinery Machinery Outfitting Comfort System 5%

Ship Outfitting 4%

Comfort System 4%

Comfor

Machin

Machin

Ship Ou Machinery Outfitting 13%

Electric

Ship Outfitting 6% Machinery Outfitting 9%

Ship Outfitting Electricity and Automation

Machinery 38%

Machinery 25%

Material Costs PV85 - 25 knots

General 3% Hull & Superstructures 4% Interior Outfitting 10% Comfort System 3%

Electricity and Automation 18%

General

20 knot Service Speed Material % 34 Material Total 1

23 knot service Speed Material % 51 Material Total 1.338

25 knot service speed Material % 58 Material Total 1.558

Ship Outfitting 4%

Hull & Sup

Interior Ou

Comfort S

Machinery Machinery Outfitting 17%

Machinery

Ship Outfi

Electricity

Machinery 41%

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Price Range for 85M OPV

Vessel length has not been evaluated due to the relatively small cost compared to other factors that have a greater impact. Baseline Vessel 85M LOA 20 knots speed Mid-Range Vessel 85M LOA 23 knots speed Top Line Vessel 85M LOA 25 knots speed

Base Surveillance/Combat
Cost Factor 1.00 $65-70M USD Baseline Vessel 85M LOA 20 knots speed Base Surveillance/Combat Cost Factor 1.00 $65-70M USD Baseline Vessel 85M LOA 20 knots speed Base Surveillance/Combat

Base Surveillance/Combat
Cost Factor 1.18 $77.5-80M USD Mid-Range Vessel 85M LOA 20 knots speed Modest Surveillance/Combat Cost Factor 1.20 $77.5-80M USD Mid-Range Vessel 85M LOA 23 knots speed Modest Surveillance/Combat

Base Surveillance/Combat
Cost Factor 1.30 $85-90M USD Top Line Vessel 85M LOA 20 knots speed High end Surveillance/Combat Cost Factor 1.25 $85-90M USD Top Line Vessel 85M LOA 25 knots speed High end Surveillance/Combat

Cost Factor 1.00

$65-70M USD

Cost Factor 1.38

$90-95M USD Other cost factors not included are: Multi-role capability costs e.g. hardware Weapons installation and tests/trials Helicopter Deck and Hangar

Cost Factor 1.53

$100-105M USD

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Conclusions

There is a wide variation in price for a similar SIZE vessel Speed is the most important factor in the vessel cost Combat and Surveillance systems are the next most important Increasing vessel length is a relatively cheap option Multi-functional requirements should be evaluated against permanent installation vs. mission fit Larger more comfortable platform is more effective for coastal EEZ patrol missions OPVs is the new affordable maritime platform for a broad range of Navies and Coast Guards worldwide

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Photo/Video Credit
The following sources are recognized as providing some of the photographs contained in this presentation

Aviation Week Defense Industry Daily Defense Studies Key Publishing Trinituner.com Naval Technology Strategy Page New Zealand Defense Force

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ANY QUESTIONS??

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