Economical Anti-Theft System For Two Wheelers

Economical anti-theft system for two wheelers.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
An anti-theft system is any device or method used to prevent or deter the unauthorized appropriation of items considered valuable. Theft is one of the most common and oldest criminal behaviors. Where the ownership of a physical possession can be altered without the rightful owner's consent, theft prevention has been introduced to assert the ownership whenever the rightful owner is physically absent. Anti-theft systems have been around since individuals began stealing other people's property and have evolved accordingly to thwart increasingly complex methods of theft. From the invention of the first lock and key to the introduction of RFID tags and biometric identification, anti-theft systems have evolved to match the introduction of new inventions to society and the resulting theft of them by others. In the case of vehicle theft, the best deterrent to theft is in the installation of an approved vehicle anti theft immobilizer. Many vehicles have OEM (factory installed) units and afford protection through the ignition system. OEM immobilizers function through the ECM/PCM (computer) under the hood of the vehicle. In general terms, the RFID tag attached to the key must be read by the ECM in order to allow ignition to occur. Unfortunately, organized crime is able to bypass these systems and steal any vehicle at will. An approved immobilizer uses a 3 circuit isolation system which thwarts even the most experienced thief.
Government Polytechnic, Arvi.
CHAPTER 2
FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM
If anybody tries to steal your bike, this circuit turns on the buzzer to alert you of the impending theft. Usually, a handle lock is used on the handle bar for the safety of bikes, with the front mudguard in a slanted position. When the handle lock is freed, the front mudguard can be aligned with the body of the bike. This circuit consists of LED and LDR sections. The LED is fitted on the back end of front mudguard and the LDR is fitted on the central portion of the crash guard of the bike such that LED rays directly fall on the LDR when the front mudguard comes in line with the body of the bike, there by activating the IC 555 to sound the buzzer and alerting the nearby people for the action. Also, when somebody try to steal the battery of the bike, a circuit connected to the battery will activated and sounds buzzer if the leads of the battery is removed. There by preventing the stealing of the battery. If somebody tries to rest on the seat of the bike or try to disturb the position of the seat, the circuit hidden inside the seat arrangement will activate the IC 555, there by sounding the buzzer. There is a separate arrangement built here that, when there is a daytime and if we accidently left the head lamp turned on, the sensor in this circuit detects the sunlight and immediately turn off the head lamp to help prevent the consumption of the battery.
CHAPTER 3
CIRCUIT
In its simple construction, irrespective of the system available in the market, this project has three different types of sensor namely, Rider sensor, Vibration / motion sensor and Battery removal sensor. There is a timer circuit based on NE555 IC that has connected to a buzzer and an electro-magnetic relay. The whole system gets its power from a separate battery of 9V DC. Thus this system works without vehicles own battery.
Fig.3.1 Block diagram of the system
The rider sensor senses any person trying to sit on the seat of the two wheeler, the vibration / motion sensor senses any vibration or any movement occurs in the vehicles body and the battery removal sensor, as the name suggest, senses the removal of the battery. Any theft event thus captured is passed on to the NE 555 IC where it gets processed as a theft event and the same IC makes the buzzer and the relay ON. The
buzzer is ON till it will be turned OFF manually and then the entire system will work in its normal mode. Thus whenever a theft tries to indulge in the activity of theft in concern with the same vehicle in repeated manner, the system will stand as it retriggers itself. The figure below shows the basic and heart circuit for this system. The IC 555 used here is works in bi-stable mode, which means this circuit requires manual input to trigger and to reset the IC. In this system, we used the sensor as the manual input to the IC 555 to trigger the IC at trigger input terminal (pin no. 2), so as to show the activity of the bike being stolen or trying to steal.
Fig.3.2 IC 555 as bi-stable multi-vibrator
The system can be turned off by giving another pulse to the IC 555 to make the system reset and works as normal. The reset signal or pulse is given to the reset terminal (pin no. 4). The output terminal (pin no. 3) is used to trigger the relay via the transistor (BC547) so as to activate the buzzer to inform the activity to nearby people. The IC 555 is powered by a regulated power supply from IC 7805 and relay is powered by regulated power supply from IC 7812.
The figure below shows the circuit for the prevention of turning the head lamp ON accidently. The sensor used to detect the sunlight is general purpose LDR, which will sense the sunlight and ultimately switched OFF the head lamp to help prevent the consumption of the battery.
Fig.3.3 Dark sensor to switch off head lamp during daytime.
In this circuit, when the daylight falls on the LDR, the resistance of the LDR dramatically decreased. This will make the base terminal of T1 ground and OFF and ultimately T2 will also be OFF. So no light or LED will turned ON. When there is no sunlight available, which means during the night-time, no light will fall on the LDR, making its resistance significantly larger and hence it is as good as open circuit. So the base of T1 transistor will activate by the supply through 10K resistor. So the base of transistor T2 triggered, making it active and current will flow through it. So the light or LED will glow during the night time.
CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION
Methodology adopted for the project consists of the following activities:
ACTIVITY 1: SURVEY SURVEY is also called as feasibility analysis or the initial business study. It begins with a request from the user for a new system. It involves the following: Identify the responsible user for the system. Identify deficiencies in the current system. Establish goals and objective for the new system. Determine feasibility for the new system. Prepare a project charter that will be used to guide the remainder of the project.
ACTIVITY 2: SYSTEM ANALYSIS The objective of system analysis activity is to develop structured system specification for the proposed system. The structured system specification should describe what the proposed system will do, independent of the technology which will be used to implement these requirements. This activity includes making list of the components needed in the project. Thus, this step also includes the designing of circuits according to need. For example, for an op-amp in inverting mode with a required gain of 100, values of resistances should be chosen accordingly.
ACTIVIYT 3: COMPONENT SEARCH The objective of this activity is to search the components present in the component list and other apparatus, which will be required during the project. Once the components are arranged the apparatus required for PCB manufacturing is arranged.
ACTIVITY 4: PRELIMIRY DESIGN The primary objective of this step is to transform the functional specification of the user requirement into the physical specification. The physical specification of the system defines the appearance of the system for the user. This step also includes the testing of the given i.e. designed circuit on breadboard.
ACTIVITY 5: IMPLEMENTATION This activity involves PCB manufacturing and component mounting on that PCB. Thus this involves soldering; integration of various components. The output of this activity is the complete integrated system.
ACTIVITY 6: QUALITY ASSURANCE The objective of this activity is to check whether the desirable output is produced for given set of inputs. Thus this test aims at ensuring that the functional requirements of the user are being met. Thus the output of this system is the accepted system. The new system will be acceptable only if it produces satisfactory result on test data.
ACTIVITY 7: PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION The objective of this activity is to produce a manual, which may be used as a guide for using or operating the system. In fact, there may be several manuals catering to the needs of different types of person. A manual should describe the manual procedures as well as the interface with the automated portion of the system.
ACTIVITY 8: INSTALLATION It means installing the new system in place of old system. Thus there is a switching from an old system to a new one. Different change over techniques like direct change over, phased change over, pilot run or parallel run may be used for switching from the existing system to the new one.
CHEPTER 5
SEMI-CONDUCTOR SPECIFICATION
NE 555 - GENERAL PURPOSE SINGLE BIPOLAR TIMERS GENERAL DESCRIPTION The NE555 monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller capable of producing accurate time delays or oscillation. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external resistor and capacitor. For a stable operation as an oscillator, the free running frequency and the duty cycle are both accurately controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling waveforms, and the output structure can source or sink up to 200mA. The NE555 is available in plastic and ceramic mini-dip package and in an 8lead micro-package and in metal can package version.
FEATURES Low turn OFF time. Maximum operating frequency greater than 500kHz. Timing from micro-seconds to hours. Operates in both Astable and Monostable modes. High output current can source or sink 200mA. Adjustable duty cycle. TTL compatible. Temperature stability of 0.005% per oC
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 5.1 Symbol

Vcc Supply Voltage Operating Free Air Temperature Range Toper for NE555 for SA555 for SE555 Tj Tstg Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range
Parameter
Value
18 0 to 70 40 to 105 55 to 125 150 65 to 150
Unit
V
o
C C C C C
OPERATING CONDITIONS Table 5.2 Symbol

Vcc Vth, Vtrig, Vcl, Vreset
Parameter
Supply Voltage Maximum Input Voltage
SE555
4.5 to 18 Vcc
NE555 - SA555
4.5 to 18 Vcc
Unit
V V
PIN CONNECTIONS (TOP VIEW)
Fig.5.1 Pin diagram of NE 555 IC.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.5.2 Block diagram of NE 555 IC.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Fig.5.3 Schematic diagram of NE 555 IC.
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PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
Fig.5.4 Mechanical data of NE 555 IC.
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PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA Table 5.3 Millimeters Dimensions Min.

A a1 B b b1 D E e e3 e4 F i L Z 3.18 7.95 2.54 7.62 7.62 6.6 5.08 3.81 1.52 0.125 0.51 1.15 0.356 0.204 1.65 0.55 0.304 10.92 9.75 0.313 0.100 0.300 0.300 0.260 0.200 0.150 0.060
Inches Max. Min. Typ.

0.131 0.020 0.045 0.014 0.008 0.065 0.022 0.012 0.430 0.384
Typ.
3.32
Max.
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LM78XX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators GENERAL DESCRIPTION The LM140/LM340A/LM340/LM78XXC monolithic 3-terminal positive voltage regulators employ internal current-limiting, thermal shutdown and safe-area compensation, making them essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1.0A output current. They are intended as fixed voltage regulators in a wide range of applications including local (on-card) regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. In addition to use as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable output voltages and currents. Considerable effort was expended to make the entire series of regulators easy to use and minimize the number of external components. It is not necessary to bypass the output, although this does improve transient response. Input bypassing is needed only if the regulator is located far from the filter capacitor of the power supply. The 5V, 12V, and 15V regulator options are available in the steel TO-3 power package. The LM340A/LM340/LM78XXC series is available in the TO-220 plastic power package, and the LM340-5.0 is available in the SOT-223 package, as well as the LM340-5.0 and LM340-12 in the surface-mount TO-263 package.
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FEATURES Complete specifications at 1A load Output voltage tolerances of 2% at Tj = 25C and 4% over the temperature range (LM340A) Line regulation of 0.01% of VOUT/V of VIN at 1A load (LM340A) Load regulation of 0.3% of VOUT/A (LM340A) Internal thermal overload protection Internal short-circuit current limit Output transistor safe area protection P+ Product Enhancement tested
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS DC Input Voltage Internal Power Dissipation Maximum Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) TO-3 Package (K) TO-220 Package (T), TO-263 Package (S) ESD Susceptibility 230C 2 kV 300C 35V Internally Limited 150C 65C to +150C
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OPERATING CONDITIONS Temperature Range (TA) LM140 LM340A, LM340 LM7808C 55C to +125C 0C to +125C 0C to +125C
CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
Fig.5.5 Connection diagram of IC 78XX series.
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EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
Fig.5.6 Equivalent schematic diagram of IC 78XX series.
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PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS INCHES (MILLIMETERS) UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE
Fig.5.7 Physical dimensions of IC 78XX series.
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BC547 - NPN GENERAL PURPOSE TRANSISTORS
DESCRIPTION NPN transistor in a TO-92, SOT54 plastic package. PNP complements: BC556 AND BC557.
FEATURES Low current (MAX. 100 MA) Low voltage (MAX. 65 V)
PINNING
Fig.5.8 Simplified outline and pin diagram of transistor BC547. Table 5.4
PIN
1 2 3 emitter base
DESCRIPTION
collector
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING Table 5.5 SYMBOL PARAMETER

collector-base voltage VCBO BC546 BC547 collector-emitter voltage VCEO BC546 BC547 emitter-base voltage VEBO BC546 BC547 IC ICM IBM Ptot Tstg Tj collector current (DC) peak collector current peak base current total power dissipation storage temperature junction temperature operating ambient -65 temperature +150 Tamb 25 C open collector -65 6 6 100 200 200 500 +150 150 V V mA mA mA mW open base 65 45 V V open emitter 80 50 V V
CONDITIONS
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
C C C
Tamb
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PACKAGE OUTLINE Plastic single-ended leaded (through hole) package; 3 leads
Fig.5.9 Package outline of transistor BC547.
DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) Table 5.6 UNIT

mm 5.0 0.40 0.56 0.40 4.4 1.4 3.6
A
5.2
b
0.48
b1
0.66
c
0.45
D
4.8
d
1.7
E
4.2
e
2.54
e1
1.27
L
14.5
L1(1)
2.5
12.7
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W10M - SINGLE-PHASE SILICON BRIDGE DESCRIPTION REVERSE VOLTAGE FORWARD CURRENT : : 50 TO 1000 VOLTS 1.5 AMPERES
FEATURES Surge overload rating - 50 amperes peak Ideal for printed circuit board Reliable low cost construction utilizing molded plastic technique results in inexpensive product Mounting Position: Any
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C) Table 5.7 Parameter

Maximum repetitive peak reverse voltage Maximum RMS voltage Maximum DC blocking voltage Maximum average forward rectified current T A=25C Peak forward surge current, 8.3mS single half IFSM sine-wave superimposed on rated load 12t Rating for fusing (t<8.35ms) Maximum forward voltage drop per element at 1.0A VF peak Maximum DC reverse current at rated TA=25 IR DC blocking voltage per element Operating temperature range Storage temperature range TA=100 TJ TSTG 1.0 -55 to +125 -55 to +150 mA C C 10.0 uA 1.0 Volt I2t 5.0 A2t 50.0 Amps
Symbol
VRRM VRMS VDC I(AV)
W10M
1000 700 1000 1.5
Unit
Volts Volts Volts Amps
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PACKAGE OUTLINE
Fig.5.10 Package outline of W10M bridge rectifier.
DIMENSIONS Table 5.8 inches DIM Min.

A B C D E F 0.300 0.180 1.20 1.27 0.180 0.028
mm Note Max.
0.340 0.220 0.220 0.032
Min.
7.6 4.6 30.5 32.3 4.6 0.71
Max.
8.6 5.6 5.6 0.81
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CHAPTER 6
PASSIVE COMPONENTS
RESISTORS The opposition to the flow of electrons or electric current is known as resistance. The resistance of resistor is given by R = V/I There are two types of resistors 1. Fixed resistors: It is used to limit the current and to reduce the voltage. 2. Variable resistor: It is one whose ohmic value can be externally changed as desired. It is used for varying the value of current or the amplitude of voltage. E.g. volume control used in TV, radio receiver etc. The construction of resistors includes three basic varieties. 1. Wire-wound 2. Composite 3. Film type. These varieties differ primarily in their resistance materials. The ohmic structure of a resistive material is such that, its electron is tightly held due to the nucleus so that it does not pass electrons easily.
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CAPACITOR A capacitor is used to store electrical energy and releases it whenever required. Capacitance is a measure of ability of capacitor to store charge. It is measured in Farads (After Michael Faraday). However, the unit farad being too large, capacitors are usually specified in microfarads. Any two metal conductors when separated by a dielectric constitute capacitance. An electric field is developed between plates. Energy stored in the capacitor is in this electric field. C = q /v = coulomb / volt.
CLASSIFICATION The capacitors are divided into classes 1. Fixed 2. Variable Fixed capacitor are further divided into Electrolytic (polarized) and Nonelectrolytic (Non-polarized). There are various types of material used for dielectric, electrode plates and method of their manufacturing and internal construction.
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ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS These capacitors are called electrolytic because they use an electrolyte as negative plate. These are low cost capacitors, which are used in radio and television receivers, and consumer audio equipments for power supply filtering, bypass and audio coupling applications. These capacitors are sealed in tubular aluminum cases using typically rubber phenolic end disc with a can securely spun over the elastomer so that the capacitor does not leak out, dry out or be contaminated with atmospheric moisture. The construction of such a type is shown in Fig. The capacitors are made in single or insulated; some types have all lead wires at one end, some types are made with solder tabs instead of wires. They are also made in non-polarized version.
Fig.6.1 Electrolytic capacitor.
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NON ELECTROLYTIC Ceramic Capacitors are manufactured in many shapes sizes for a multitude of applications. In such capacitors the ceramic material like titanium dioxide and barium titanate is used. Thin coating of silver compound is deposited on both the sides of the dielectric disc, which acts as capacitor plates. Leads are attached to each side of the disc and the whole unit is encapsulated in a moisture proof coating. This is the procedure of preparing disc capacitor. Tubular ceramic capacitors are constructed from ceramic mixes extruded through a die to from the tube. The working voltages range from 3 V for use in solidstate circuit up to 6000 volts for other applications. The usual range of capacitance ratings for these small disc ceramics extends from 3 mfd to 2.2 mfd and their diameters typically measure inch to with 5/32 inch thickness. Disc and tubular types of ceramic capacitor are shown in Fig. And their construction is shown in Fig.
Fig.6.2 Non-electrolytic capacitor.
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TRANSFORMER A transformer is a magnetic component that changes voltage, current or impedance from one value to another by linking two electrical circuits with a magnetic field. Transformer consists of essential two inductors having the same core or magnetic path separated electrically. The inductor or coil connected to the source of voltage is called primary and other called secondary Types of Transformer
1. Power transformer 2. Auto transformer 3. Audio frequency transformer 4. RF and IF Transformer 5. Pulse transformer 6. Isolation transformer 7. High voltage transformer 8. Voltage transformer 9. Line transformer
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TRANSFORMER
Fig.6.3 Transformer.
SYMBOL
Fig.6.4 Symbol of transformer.
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RELAY Relays are electrically operated switch. It is used in control system in order to maintain the parameter such as temperature, pressure or electrical quantity such as voltage. The stabilizer uses relays in order to maintain 230 volt of output even if AC input from mains is low. A relay is a device that functions as an electrically operated switch. Most relays are electro-magnetically operated. Current through a coil generates a magnetic field that attracts an armature, which in turn closes or opens the electrical contacts. Operation is in the millisecond range. Relays are manufactured in a great variety. Classification by application is very difficult, because each variety of relays is used in widely dissimilar application. One common type of relay has a normally closed and also a normally open contact as shown in Fig. The normally closed contact provides continuity between the armature and the upper contact when the coil is de-energized. A spring holds the armature in this position. When rated voltage is applied to the coil, the coil attracts the armature, the armature is drawn downward, and breaking the normally closed contact and making normally open contact. Continuity now exits between armature and lower contact. In a typical relay, a Potential Difference of 12V at just few mA is sufficient to energies or pull in the relay. The load may be rated at 220 V AC and 1A or more. A wide variety of AC and DC relays are available. Fig shows the symbol used to represent the relay in the circuit. Great variety of relays is available in the market.
30
The following types of relays are arranged in the order of increasing specification 1. General purpose (common) relay 2. Power relay 3. Telephone relay 4. Card actuated relay 5. Sensitive relay 6. Crystal can relay 7. Dry reed relay 8. Mercury wetted reed relay 9. P.C. board relay 10. Stepping relay 11. Co-axial relay 12. Instrument relay 13. Hybrid relay 14. Solid state relay
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ELECTRO-MAGNETIC RELAY
Fig.6.5 Relay.
SYMBOL
Fig.6.6 Symbol of relay.
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CHAPTER 7
CONSTRUCTION
1. PCB MAKING PROCESS The list of the items required for PC fabrication and assembling is as follows. Copper Clad Tracing Paper Sketch Pen or Etching Pen Drill Bit Paint Brush Ferric Chloride Solution Hydrochloric Acid
2. DRAWING PREPARATION With the circuit diagram and the component draw the complete layout on the plain sheet of tracing paper in the same way as if you are assembling the circuit keep the ground lives one side, and line on the other side as bar as possible . When all the components are mounted on the tracing paper take a sketch paper to make the connection on the tracing paper so that all the connection are shown with equal width.
33
3. PRINTING OF PCB The drawings so prepared as to impose over the copper side of PCB. Take the PCB laminated sheet and cut a required size of PCB by using hacksaw. Place the copper plate sheet on the table, keeping the copper side on the table. Now, rub away the dirt, grease and oxide with a sand paper. Now keep the carbon paper of the same size on the PCB copper surface on the top of the carbon paper, since the tracing paper is transferred, you can now reproduce the carbon print over the PCB. After tracing the PCB layout, now paint over the track with the help of oil paint or by using the etching pen, check the drawing carefully. Scratch out the excessive paint.
4. ETCHING OF PCB In a tray, take water and mix up with few tea-spoon of ferric chloride powder and few drops of HCL. Shake the solution well to make the good solution. Now, Immerse the PCB in the solution. Keep the PCB in the solution by keeping the solution in the sunlight for about 40 to 50 minutes. Reaction 2FeCl3 + 2Cu = 2CuCl2 + Fe2Cl2
34
5. FLUX It is used to dissolve and remove the oxide and other contains frames from the surface of PCB. And to remove the ability of solder to spread over evenly on the surface of PCB, after soldering, the coating of flux is removed from the PCB and fabrication is completed.
6. DRILLING MOUNTING AND SOLDERING After the etching process, drilling is done for mounting the component. Drill the board by using hand drill or machine drill. Before inserting the leads of Components, the components are placed on the respective position, this process is called Component Mounting. Now, the next process is soldering. Which involve joining of leads of components to the PCB track with the help of solder gun or hand held solder.
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CHAPTER 8
ALIGNMENT (SOLDERING)
Fix the IC on the PCB in order of the number shown in the circuit diagram. Test the working of IC. Also align the resistors one by one. Remember there is no need to align the resistor in particular direction, because it has no polarity or no direction. Be sure that not a single element can be short circuited with each other or be sure they should not get short circuited by soldering process. Now, the next element is transistor. To align the transistor, you must know the pin configuration of the transistor. Once you know the pin configuration of the transistor, you may ready to align it on the PCB. Generally the configuration for transistor to identify it is, take the transistor in one hand. Now, keep the transistor in your eye-sight in such a way that you can see the letter C when you look at the transistor. As soon as you can see the letter C, the ideal pins are, the upper pin is the Collector pin, the middle pin is the Base pin and the lower one is the Emitter pin. Once you get known about pins of transistor, you may safely align the transistor on the PCB. Be sure it should not get short circuited any way. Now align the relay. Attach the transformer in its given position. The main care should be taken is that not a single solder should be dry sold. Dry solder should break the connections from the PCB. So to avoid the breaking of the connections, all the solder should be done with the help of flux.
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CHAPTER 9
TESTING OF COMPONENTS
1. RESISTOR TESTING A resistor is always checked by using ohmmeter to check whether the resistor is faulty or not. First of all, calculate the resistance of resistor by using the color codes printed on its body. Then by using the ohmmeter with the proper range, the resistance is actually measured. If the measured value of tolerance is limited, then the resistance is ok otherwise it is faulty.
2. CAPACITOR TESTING The capacitor is having one positive terminal and one negative terminal, if it is electrolyte type. The corresponding positive and negative sign is printed on proper leads of capacitor. It can be tested by using a millimeters by running under resistance mode. If the multi-meter probes are connected across the two terminal of capacitor, it is slowly charges. Hence the effective resistance increases. Now if the probes are connected in reverse direction, it will start discharging. If it is faulty it will not show any deflection.
3. TESTING OF ICs Digital IC Tester in your electronic laboratory can test the IC. After pressing the reset button we fed the number of pins on the IC. Then press the IC check button weather the IC is ok or Not. It is indicated on the board of IC Tester.
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CHAPTER 10
ADVANTAGES
This system is based on the general purpose IC available in the market and can be easily made. Three simple sensors are used in this system to help prevent the theft action in a very low cost. The system can also be used in house, car or in office to help prevent any unauthorized entry. The system works on very low voltage and consumes very low power, thus making it extremely suitable for low power vehicle batteries. Another advantage of this system is that, this system has a built-in intensity reduction assembly that reduces the intensity of the main head lamp when it is not in used, i.e. in day time. If head lamp switch is accidently kept ON, this assembly detects the presence of available day light and immediately switch OFF the main head lamp, thus preventing unnecessary consumption of the battery power. The manufacturing cost of such system is very low and very affordable compared to the system available in the market.
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CHAPTER 11
DISADVANTAGES
The main disadvantage of this system is that, when a theft tries to steal a vehicle and alarm sounds, we have to manually switch OFF the system by approaching near the vehicle. If we were unable to approach near the vehicle in time, the theft might steal the vehicle with the system keeps sounding.
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CHAPTER 12
APPLICATIONS
The system can be used in following applications. 1. To protect two wheelers. 2. Can be used in house to prevent burglars. 3. Can also be used in car. 4. Can be used to setup surveillance for precious materials.
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CHAPTER 13
RESULT
A complete experimental setup is shown in circuit diagram. After completion of the circuit it tasted successfully for sensing any theft activity that might occur. The overall system functioned successfully. All the sensors are operates successfully.
CONCLUSION
By this way, we have made and studied about Economical anti-theft system for two wheelers and how this project is work has been done. We study about their various specifications, features, components and working of the anti-theft function of the system and their uses.
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CHAPTER 14
REFERENCES
1. http://www.seminarprojects.com 2. http://www.electronicdesign.com 3. http://www.electrokits.com 4. http://www.etlibrary.org 5. http://www.penguintutor.com 6. http://www.motoredbikes.com 7. http://www.siliconindia.com 8. http://www.electronicsforu.com 9. http://www.google.com 10. http://www.wikipedia.com
BOOKS
1. Basic Electronics by J. S. Katre 2. Applied Electronics by J. S. Katre
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CHAPTER 15
PART LIST
SEMI-CONDUCTORS 1. IC1 2. Transistor 3. Voltage regulator RESISTORS 4. 1.2K 5. 10K CAPACITOR 6. 470uF 25V MISCELLENEOUS 7. Bridge rectifier 8. Transformer 9. LED 10. IC socket 11. 3-pin wire with connector 12. Micro switch 13. LDR 14. Relay 12V W10M 0-12V 500mA Red, 5mm diameter 8 pin Electrolyte watt watt NE555 BC547 7805, 7812 COST
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Economical Anti-Theft System For Two Wheelers

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Economical Anti-Theft System For Two Wheelers

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Economical anti-theft system for two wheelers.

Government Polytechnic, Arvi.