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{]Xn-tcm[ kwhn-[m-\--fpsS
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(tijw t]Pv 8)
Dt]-Pp-I-fn
Ap Ipcp-hn-sb-n
Cv CSn-hm
Ncn-{X-am-Ip Nn{X-
(t]Pv 2,8,9,15,16)
kwKoX km{-amb
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t\mp-Ime ktiw
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Ap Ipcp-hn-sb-n
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s^{_p-hcn 28-\p Xm m\XymKw sNp-I-bm-sWp ]mm
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_kn-en--bpsS Dpw-K-amb
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F an-emWv CSn-hm IS-p-t]mb- X v . hn- m NXz- c - n
kn-ln-Xc
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hoUn-tbm-Ifpw Cs\-n \ndp. _n_nkn DssS ]e
sSen-hn-j irwJ-eI
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kwt{]-jWw sNbvXp.
`qan-bn al-mb kw`-h
-
Dm-Ip-tm {]Ir-Xn-bn A
Xns {]Xn-Ic
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kw`-h-tmSv {]Xn-I-cn-n-n-.
sshIov Bdp aWnv XnIpw
Akm-[m-c-W-am-bmWv am\w CcpXpw BIm-i-p-\np Xmgn-Ip-S
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kzoI-cn--tmgpw {]Ir-Xn-bn
\nv C-s\-sbmcp AS-bmfw
Dm-bn-p-.v Ctm CSn-an-s
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29-\v hnip ]t{Xm-kn-sbpw
hnip ]utem-kn-sbpw Xncp\m Zn\-n-em-bn-cpp tPmk^v
dmv k nw- K dpw (]n- oSv ]mm)
tPyjvT tPmv dmvknw-Kdpw
Xncp-w kzoI-cn--Xv.
Xncp- Zm\-n-\nsS \S B
kw`hw ""\mw Hcn-epw A-hnizm-k-v ASn-s-p-IqSm''
F Bap-Jt- m-sS-bmWp ]mm
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D-X
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Hcp sImp-]n ]d-p-bp.
B\-X
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AXns\ ImWm Ign-p-q.
\m- b n, icn- b mb ]mX- b n
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sKmkmh-k,v _\-UnIvv ]Xn\m-dm-a Poh-N-cn-{Xw, {]W-X,
sImn, 2006, t]Pv 138)
v ]v Hcp Irjn mc
\pmbncpp. Abmv kz
ambn ]dpw ]mShpsams Dm
bncpsnepw AsXmpw t]mcm,
C\nbpw IqSpX km ZnWw
F ASm Hcm{Klw
Dmbncpp. Hcn AhnSs
cmPmhv Cu Zpcm{Klnv Hcp
Hm^ \In. Bbncw cq]
\IpIbmsWn, Abmv
Hcp Znhkw \Smhp{X ew
kzammw. Htcsbmcp hyh
kqcy\pZnptm FhnsS
\nv \Sp XpSppthm
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tm Xncn sWw.
Irjnmc\v Ap cm{Xn
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\SWw? sXtmtm, hStm
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^ekaramb sXn tXmp
Ifpv. hStmp t]mbm \
d_ tXmfpw, Ingtmp
t]mbm hnfp InSp
s\hbepIfpw Dv. ]Snmp
t]mbm Imnbpw IpcpapfIpw
hfcp ae{tZiapv. t\cw
shfpp hsc Abm Nnbn
emp.
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kabp Xs Abm \Sm
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tXmpI \jvSamIpw Ftm
v hopw HmSm XpSpw.
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hn{ianm a\\phZnn.
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Ctm B[nbmbn. ]d
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iyhpw
Xnbpw
apnbpw
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\Sp.
kabw Acbmbn. Bdp
aWnv kqcy AkvXanpw.
Ap Zqsc Xm ]pds ew
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hmbn \nv \pcbpw tNmcbpw
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hnJymXamb Hcp IYbpsS
cXv\pcpamWnXv.
{Zhym{Klw
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s Aw. knt\mSpw
hkvXptfmSpw, ]WtmSpw,
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bpw t\SWw F Htcsbmcp
NnbmWv. DsXmw BkzZn
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Fnepw Fmw tiJcnp
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aphcpambn ]phbvm\pw
CjvSsSpn. Xs kmZy
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[\nI\mb bphmhv
Department of Communication
St. Josephs College (Autonomous)
36, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore560027
P.B 27094; Mobile: 09964781123
www.sjc.ac.in; www.facebook.com/sjcmcrc
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pv. karamb hnfhp e`n
tm AXp kqnm
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sImSpm a\mIpn. ]Icw
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t]mhpIbmWv. F{X henb k
n\pSabmbmepw AsXm pw
acWkabv hnetmIn.
D]a Ahkm\npXv Cu
hmp IfmemWv: ""t`mjm, Cu
cm{Xn \ns Bmhns\ \nn
\nv Bhiy sSpw.Atm \o
Hcpn shncnph BcptS
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kamc kphntijfn
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{]amWsfmw A\pkcnp
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mhp ]dbpXv, ""\o ]qW\m
Im B{K lnpsn, t]mbn
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sImSppI. Atm \n\v
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(am 19: 21) FmW.v B
bphmhv kStmsS Xncnp
t]mbn ImcWw, Ah\v hfsctb
sd kpmbncpp.
kv a\pjys\ ASnabm
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cmPyn {]thinpI ZpjvIc
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n {]thinpXnt\ m
Ffpw HIw kqNnpgbneqsS
ISp XmWv'' (am. 19:24).
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hnpIbpw Ahkm\w IpjvT
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cmw ]pkvXInepv. kndnbm
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shnbpw, Bdmbncw sj
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kzoIcnn. "\mam \n_
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bpw hninjvS hkv{Xfpw
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Fm {]hmNIs `rXy\mbn
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t]mse shfpv GeojmbpsS
kn[n hnpt]mbn''.
ssZhhpw amtam\pw
{Zhym{Klw aqew Klknp
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\jvSsv ]utcmlnXyw Dt]
nhcpw, k\ymkPohnX tm
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t]mf-
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IY-I65
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amWv''.
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Iev]\Xs CXmWv: ""Rm\m
sX asmcp ssZhw \n\p
mIcpXv''. {Zhym{Klw av ssZh
sf krjvSnpIbmWv ]W
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sc tkhnm km[n pIbn.
""ssZhsbpw amtams\bpw tk
hnm \np km[npI
bn'' (am. 6:24).
{Zhym{Klw sIme]mXIn
tepw, hnhml tamN\nte
pw, hnizmk XnckvIcW
ntepw, IpSpw_ _
CmXmpXntepw a\pjy
s\ \bnpw. AXpsImmWv
CXns\ aqe]m]ambnv IWm
pXv. ""Hcph temIw apgph
t\Snbmepw kzw Bmhns\
\jvSsSpnbm Ah\v Fp
{]tbmP\w?'' (am. 16:26).
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{Zhym{KlamIp ]m]n\p
adpacpmWv HuZmcyw.
HuZmcy ns \ Nne DZml
cW \apv kphntijn
ImWmw. _Y\nbmbn emkdn
s hon tbip `Wn\n
cnptm adnbw hnetbdnb
Hcp Ipn \mZn kpKssX
esaSpv tbiphns ]mZfn
]qipp (tbml 12). ]Ww
ssIImcyw sNbvXncp bqZmkv
DSs\ a\Wp Iqn ]dp:
Cu ssXew apqdp Z\mdbvp
hnmambncpp. Hcp Z\md Hcp
Znhks tPmenbpsS Iqen
bmbncpp. Cs Iqen
IWmnbm DZmlcWn
\v Znhkw 500 cq] Iqenbpsn
B ssXen\v Hc ew
cq] hneaXnpw! Fsmcp
HuZmcyamWv \mw ChnsS ImWp
Xv!
HuZmcyns Imcyn
tbip Xs Ghpw ap]n
bn. Aw Ambncw t]
mbn hnfpIbpw _mn ti
Jcnp hn[n hnnp
Ibpw sNbvXp. Im\mbnse hnhm
l hncpns kabv Bdv I
`cWnI \ndsb shamWv
AhnSpv homn amnbXv.
Hmtcm I `cWnbnepw 20 Kme
{ZmhIw D smpsamWp
]dbpXv AXmbXv 90 en.
As\ t\mp tm 120
Kme 540 en homWv
tbip AhnsS ]pXnb Xmbn
DmnbXv! t\mpImew am\Z
ns ImeamWv HuZmcy
ns Imew. \nep {Zhym
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amdmw.
ASp ew : aqe]m]
3 tamlw
1188 Ipw`w 5
cn-ip ]nXmhv _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-as m\-Xym-K{- ]-Jym]\w t]msemcp CSn-shvhm ASp--Im-e-smpw Dm-bnn-. sshhn-[y-am {]Xn-Ic
- W
-
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- p-m-bn. Ghpw {it-ba
- mbn
tXmn-bXv IZn-\m tUm. {^mknkv Acnsk-bpsS \nco-W-am-Wv. ss{IkvXh Pohn-X-ns Imcy-n \mw C\nbpw
Dsm-n-n-m ]eXpw \s ]Tn-n-m ]cym-]vXa
- mWv Cu
m\-Xym-Kw FmWv Atlw ]d--Xv.
sa{Xm-mm-bp Xncp-kw-L-ns ap {]os^-IvSmWv
B{^n--bn ss\Po-cn-b-bn \np Cu IZn-\m. kzm
Xm-cy-p-thn a-fpsS bphXzwt]mepw ISw-sIm-m
aSn-m--h \psS ]pWy-]p-cm-W--fn am{X-a-, Cm-e-L-nepw temIsmSp-ap-s-tm-Ww. Cu kXy-nsIqSn
]m--e-nthWw ]mm-bpsS m\-Xym-Ks hne-bn-cpm.
G{]n 16-\v 86 XnI-bp _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-as PohnXw
GX-nepw hen-sbm-c-f-hn km-I-am-Wv. ]t t\-fpsS t]cn-se--Xn-t\-m Cu m\-Xym-K-ns t]cn-emIpw
Atlw Ncn-{X-n nc-{]-XnjvT t\Sp-I. tbip-hn-t\mSpw AhnSps k`-tbm-Sp-ap Xo{h-amb kvt\lhpw {]Xn-_--X-bp-amWv
Cu alm-Xym-K-n\v At-ls t{]cn-n--Xv.
hmgv-s tPmt]m cm-a am]m--bp-sS al--c-at
XpSv hnip ]t{Xm-kns 265m-as ]nKm-an-bmbn B AkvtXme {]ap-Js ssloI knwlm-k-\-n-tev IZn-\m
tUm. tPmk^v dmvknw-K Xnc-s-Sp--s-Sp-Xv 78mw hb-nem-Wv. ]t hnc-an-m ]e-X-hW I-sI-nb Bfm-W-t-lw.
At-bpv At-l
- n\v Btcm-Ky-{]-iv\
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IZn-\mam-cpsS tImt-hns Xon\p hg-n. ]cn-ip I\yI-am-Xm-hn-s\-tmse kXw aqfn.
ssZhhpw Imehpw ]t{Xm- k ns knwlm- k - \ - n Xs
kmn[yw Bh-iy-sSpp F t_m[y-am-bn-cpp AXn\p \nZm\w. ssZh-lnXw AsX-n apKm-anbmb hmgv-s tPm
t]m cm-a\pw IZn-\m dmvknw-Ksd kw_-nv A-c-nsemcp Xmcyw Dm-bn-cp-p. A-s\-bmWv _\-UnIvv ]Xn\m-dm-a ]mm-bpsS ]c-am-Nmcy ip{iq-j-bpsS Bcw-`w.
skp-e temIhpw AXns am[y-a-fpw Hpw A\p-Iq-e-ambn-cp-n At-l-n-\v. bmYm-n-Xn-I\pw ]nn-cn-\psav
Atlw `n--s-p. A\p-Iq-en--h-cm-Is At-ls Hcp CSme ]mm-bm-bmWv BZy-sams I-Xv.
]t Hcp {Smkn-j t]mns \nkw-K-X-b Fp-hjtmfw ZoLn At-l-ns ]c-am-Nmcy ip{iq-j-bn \mw
ImWp-I. kw`-h-_-lp-e-ambncpp Cu Fp-hj-. 21-mw \qmns BZys ]mm-bvsm hn[-n hn-h-I-c-fmb
]e ]cn-Wm-a-pw CXn-\Iw Atlw hnt[-b-\m-hp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ]t k`-bpsS hnizm-k-{]-am-W--fnepw Xs t_m[y-fnepw Hcp Xpn shwtNmt]mepw XmdmbXp-an-.
IZn-\m Acnsk Nqn-m-n-b-Xp-t]mse At-l-ns
hmgvN-m-e-s-p-dnv temI-n\v C\nbpw ]eXpw ]Tn-t-nh-cpw. FXn-hcpw A]-l-kn--hcpw ]p\-c-h-tem-I-\-pw
Xm-dm-tI-n-h-cpw.
imco-cn-I-ambn Xm\n-tm Xopw _e-lo-\-\m-sWv Gp-]dv m\-Xym-K{- ]-Jym-]\w \S-nb ]mm-bpsS Fp-hjs
hmgvN Hcp Ahn-cm-a-Ian-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-p. 24 Am-cm-jv{S-bm-{XI, C-en--Iv kmam\yw ZoL--fmb 30 bm{X-I, aqp
Nm{In-I-te-J-\-, I\-s \mev A-kvtXm-enI {]t_m-[-\, 119 A-kvtXm-enI `c-W-L-S-\-I, Uk IW-n\v AkvtXm-enI teJ-\-, tampt{]m{]o-tbm-I, AkwJyw {]`mj-W-, kt-i- Fn-s\ B Ia-Im-WvU-ns
Bghpw hym]vXnbpw Gdp-Ib
- m-Wv. CXn-s\ms ]pd-sa-bmWp cphm-ey--fn Cd-nb Pokkv Hm^v \k-dv F {Kw.
F]-m-dn-tep IS-p Hcmv CsXms Ign FpsImwsImv Fs\ km[np Fv Btem-Nn-p--Xp-t]mepw
{]tbm-P-\-{]-Z-amb Imcy-am-Wv. AXp-hgn ]eXpw ]Tn-m\pw
Dsm-m-\p-am-Ipw.
{Ko t]mv, t{]m-sse^v t]mv, tkmjy s\vhnwKv t]mv
XpS-nb \ne-I-fn Atlw \mnb \mgn-I--p-I ]T-\-hn-jb-am-t--Xm-Wv. hn-ms\ ]qW-ambpw ]cn-nXn kulrZ
tv Bn Cu ]mm. t]mv sam_o-ep-Ifpw CXc hml-\--fp-
tUm. HmkzmUv
t{Kjykv
tUm. hokv
Nm-e
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km_p ]pfn--d
t\mh 19
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anJm-tb-ens A Ip-
takvX-cnv {`mm-Wv. \jvS am{Xw Hmv Pohn-Xs
i]n-p-I-gn-bp-I-bmWv anJm-tbens A, hmd-. {]mb-ambnpw hnhmlw \S-m-sX, ASp- f - b psS Nph- c p- I p- n
HXp-n-q-Sp anJm-tb-ens
tNn hn-. IpSpw-_-ns
D- c - h m- Z nXzw Gs- S p- m
\n_-n-X-\m-Ip anJm-tb
Iqp-Im-c-\mb bmtm-_n-s\mw
I- W nmbn Zqsc- b p
ev tPmen- p- t ]m- I p- p.
Ahn- s S- h v anJm- t b- e n- \ p- mIp A\p-`-h-, ]cn-N-b-sSp a\pjycpsS Pohn- X w.
tem-dn-sb-Spv \-hoSv kz]v\wIm-Wp aWn-I-WvT, apX-emfn- b psS Nqj- W - n\v Cc- b mIp X- a - W n, aZy- n
PohnXw \in-n-p IpSn-b
B-. K^n ]Wn-p-t]mIpIbmWv
bmtm- _ ns
Ghpw henb B{K-lw. AXn\mbn Iqn-h-bvp ]Ww tcmKhv Xop- I - f - b p- p.
]Ww ISw- h mn bmtm_v
K^n t]mIp- p. Hnv
]Wn-sb-Sp-p anJm-tb-en-t\mSv
X-aWn a\-kp-sIm--Sp-p-p.
wkmcw D Dd--ns
hmXn-en apn. Iv Xpd-p.
Iqen-Xv Nmtm apX-emfn ]WnXo-cm hoSns tImhWn Cdn. hbdv \nd-h
- s Gw
t]mse Hcp kzcw Abm- f psS
hmbn \npw Atm ]pd-ph-p. Nphp XSn apJ-hp-ambn
X-a-Wn-ap-n...-sh-dpv tXmn.
Ah-cpsS Ip-I Npcp-n-sI-pIn-S-p. s\n-bn-tev ]mdn-hoW
apSn-bn-g-I hnbn \\-v....X--aWn Nncn-m {iaw \S-n.
]s amp-t]m-bn....
""Pa-n-bn-e...''
""th...''
""\n\-s-mWv antJ-te...'' XaWn ssI-b
- n Ib-dn-n-Sn-p.
Npp-s]m-ff
- p Ah-fpsS ssII
Xn-amn anJm-tb Ae-dn.......
""FtmSv an- m...- s N- I pm Nmtms\mw... \ns
kzcwt]mepw Ctm {`mv ]nSnn-p-p... \n\pw IqSn B{Kl-an-m-n-mWv C-s\-sbms
..- F - p- s Im- mWv Hcp hmv
t]mepw FXncv ]d-bmsX Hcp
hnct]mepw A\-msX \o....Bfp-I shdpsX ]d-b-W-X-, Xa-Wn....''
anJm-tb-ens Npn ssII
hv X-aWn Aan. hmpI izmkw InmsX Ahs
hmbn Np-ho-Wp...
""th. B t]cv anJm-tb-ens
kzcn F\nv tI-...hm-p-Ipw kpK--ap-sv
Rm ]Tn \ns kzcw...- A Xns asmcp apJw F\nv ImWm...''
ssIsh-ff
- b
- nse Pa-n-bn-eI
-
anJm-tben\p apn \on-n-Sn-p.
lrZ-b
- n-tev Ip-I ]mbnv
Pan Ce Xfp InS-p. ]p
hbv- s - S m
kvt\lw
t]mse.....
""sNIp-m Nmtm aWapff Cu Pan Ce-I F\np
th...''
anJm-tb-ens ssII DbpXm-Wp. Pa-n-bn-e-I X-a-WnbpsS apJv Xn Xmsg kna v
shf- f - n sXdnp hoWp.
Atm Ip-I \ndv IhnXv Fp-sIm-m-sWv anJmtb F{X Btem- N n- npw
]o Svk
tUm. enb-\mtZm
km{Zn
tUm. B-tem
kvtImf
tUm. {^mknkv
Acnsk-
tUm. Xo-kntbm
tUm. {Intm^v
_tm-s\
tjmt_m
Im- e w. ASp am]m- bv v N-\-n Dt-in-pXp IZnAtlw \Ip hnti-jWw \m ]o Svk-sW-s
t]{Xqkv sdmam-\qkv AYhm ]o Fp Dd-n-p--h-cp-v.
Zv tdma Fm-Wv.
IZn-\m SvkWv A\p-Iq]mm-_n-en-am-cn Htcsbmcp e-amb LS-I
- ]cn-tim-[n-mw.
]otd Dp. IZn-\m tUm. k` Ghpw thK-n hfp
]o Svk. Ce-IvS IZn- in-s-p-sIm-n-cn-p B{^n\mamcnepw ]oam-cn-. t]cp - b psS km\w F- X mWv
]o Fm-sW-nepw IZn-\m CXn {][m-\w. 64 hbt Dp.
Svk tdmam-m-c\
-
- . B{^n- BtcmKyw `{Z-am-W.v hnip {K
-bn Lm\ kztZ-in-bm-Wv. B ]n-X. temI-k-Zv hyh-A-n Atlw ""sdmam- bpsS Cs Ah--sb-p\qkv' As-nepw \oXnpw kam- dnv Bg- a m m\- a p- v .
[m-\
- n\pw thn-bp s]mn- t\Xr-]m-Shw {it-bw.
^n- Iukn-ens {]kn-UB{^n- - b n \np
s \ne-bn tdma Iqcn-b- asmcp i-\mb ]mm-_n-en,
bn A[n-Imcw Im-fp-b
- m-fm-W.v
Bcm-[\
- bvpw IqZm-iI
- f
- psS ]cnhj--fmbn As\ tdman Ia-n-\p-am-bp Xncp-kw-LIgn-bp-b
- m-fp-am-Wv.
ns ap {]os^IvSv IZn-\m
AX-sImv aem-n-bpsS {]h- tUm. {^mknkv Acnsk-bp-tS-
tWn (C--en), aXm-c kulrZ-n\pw kwhm-Z-n\pw thnbp s]mn-^n- Iuknens {]kn-U v IZn-\m tUm.
jm eqbn Xutdm ({^mkv) XpSn-bh
- c
- psS t]cp-Ifpw CS-b
v nsS
tIp-p-v.
Ctm-gs hn-m tv
sk{I-dn IZn-\m Xo-kntbm
_tm- s \sb ]mm- _ nen
Bm aem- n- b psS {]h- N \s Nne Iqp-]n-Sn-p-p.
Xo-kntbm ]nsbt{Xm Chmkntbm _tms\ FmWv
At- l - ns apgp- h t]cv .
]nsbt{Xm Fm ]o. Xsbp-a
- , C-en-bn sdmamt\m F
e-mWv At-l-ns P\\w. B A-n At-l-amWtm t]{Xqkv sdmam-\qkv!
CsXms shdpw hymJym-\fpw hnZqc km[y-XI
- fpw am{Xw.
Xd-np ]d-bm-hp Htcsbmcp
Imcyw 117 Ce-IvS IZn-\mam
XnI D- c - h m- Z nXzt_m[tmsS ssZh-lnXw am{Xw tXSnsmv _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a
]mm-bpsS ]nKm-ansb Xnc-sSppw F- X m- W v . CXn 67
t]scbpw Xnc-s-Sp-Xv _\UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a-\mWv. _mn
50 t]sc tPm t]m cm-a
]mm-bpw.
aemn 112 am]m--amscpdnmWp {]h-Nn-n-p--Xv. AXn
112-ma\mWv t]{Xqkv sdmam-\q-kv.
AXns ASn-m-\-n Nne
hymJym-Xm- asmcp {]h-N\w
IqSn \S-p-p-v. Cu ]mmtbmsS temIw Ah- k m- \ n- psav! Itm-en--k` ]t
Ccw {]h-N-\-sf AwKo-I-cnp-n-.
s^{_p-hcn 11-\p hn-m\n IZn-\m-f-m-cpsS kt-f-\n am]m \S-nb m\XymK {]Jym- ] \w temIs
A-cn-n-t- m Cu sImp tIcf- n Ffn- b - h - \ mb Fs
a\v hnn-sm-n, Ip-I \ndsm-gp-In. ImcWw "tPmk^v
dmvknwK' F hyn{]m`hs 1974 apX ASp--dn-bmhp Hcm-fmWp Rm. Av
Rm P-\n-bnse ayqWnIv
bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bnse saUn-
hnZymn. dmvkn-wK ktlm-Zc--fp-ambn hfsc ASpv CS-]g- I n- b n- c p Imew. tPmk^v
dmvkn-wK-d
- Fs Bo-bK
- pcp-hm-bn-cp-p. Av ayqWn-nse
epUvhnKvamIvka
v n-en-b bqWn-thgvkn-n-bn ssZh-im-kv{X-n
mkp-I-sf-Sp-n-cp- Atlw
Fs Xs injy-K-W-n
Ds-Sp-n-bn-cp-p. ]cn-N-b-sXv XnIpw BI-kvan-Ia
- m-bmWv.
A-\m-bn-cn-p-tms ]Xn\m-encw {K--fpsS cN-bnXm- h m- b n- c p {]Jym- X - \ mb
ssZhimkv{X-s mkp-I
{in-m saUn- hnZymnbm-bn-cp F\nv At-bw
Xmev]cyw tXmn. mkp Ign-tm Fs hnfnp ]cn-N-b-sp. tIc-f-nse Itm-en--k-
`sbn \mbn Adn-bm-sav ]dp. XnI ssZh-hn-izm-kn-IfmWv Chn- S s Itm- e n- scpw hoSp- I - f n Znh- k hpw
sIm sNmp-p-sv At-ln\v Adn-bm-sapw ]d-p.
As\ R- f psS kplrZv_w hfp. Atlsas
tdKkv_Kn-\-Sp-p s] v
enwKnse kzh-k-Xn-bn-tev
Wn-p. AhnsS ktlm-Zcn acn-b-
tbmSpw tPyjvT tPmPv dmvknwKd--t\mSpsam-amWv Xma-kw. acnb-bmWv A\p-P-mv `-Wsamw ]mI-s-Spn sImSp-p-Xv. Av tPmk^v dmvkn-wK-d
-
_n-j
- ns \ncym-Ws XpSv
XnIpw BI-ka
v n-Ia- mbn tPmk^v
dmvkn-wK-d- ayqWn-n-sebpw
ss{^kn-wKnsebpw Bv_n-jmbn 1977 amn m\m-tcm-ln-
temIw kmh-{Xn-Ia
- mbn AwKo-Icn-p [manI in-bm-Wp-Xv.
B{^n- b nse kzmX{y
apt-s kw_-n-n-St- mfw
\nWm- b I hj- a mWv 1951.
tKmUv tImn Izmsa-F{Iqa
BZy-]me-sa v Xnc-s-Sp-n
hnP-bn-Xv Asmw s^{_p-hcn
11--\m-Wv. tKmUv tImv ]noSv
Lm\ Bbn.
{_n-\n Xm bpK-ns
XpSw 1975 s^{_p-hcn 11-\
- mWv.
bmYm-n-XnI In-bpsS t\Xrm-\t- p \S a-c
- n
Av FtUzUv lons\
amKcv Xm ]cm-Pb
- s
- -Sp-n.
As\ Xm {]Xn-] t\Xmhmbn {_n-\nse {]Ya h\nXm
{]Xn- ] t\Xm- h v . 1979- se
s]mXp Xnc-s-Sp-n ]mnsb
hP-b-n-tep \bn- Xm
{]Ya h\nXm {][m\ a{n-bp-ambn. hopw cp-Xh
- W IqSn Ah
{][m-\a
- {n ]Zw Ae-c
- n-p.
ssN\sb kw_- n- n- S tmfw {it-ba- mWv 1978 s^{_phcn 11. Acn- t m- , hneyw
tjIvkv]n-b, Nmkv Unkv
n \nd-p-\n-evp ]cn-ip
]nXm-hn \nv BtKmf Itmen k`bv p kv t \l hpw
Bob ssNX-\yhpw Icp-Xepw
e`n-spw am oankv ]d-p.
Ghpw i-amb coXn-bnepw
hy-amb Zi-\t- m-sSbpw Znimt_m-[-tm-sSbpw k`sb \bnpXn\n-sS-bmWv am]m-m-bpsS
Xocp-am-\s
- av sIkn-_nkn {]knU v am B{Uqkv Xmgv ]dp. Ime-Lw I i\pw
]n-X-\p-amb AP-]m-e-I-\m-bncpp _\-UnIvSv am]m-s
- bpw
Atlw ]d-p.
XnIpw A{]- X o- n- X hpw
temIs apgph Ap-X-sSppXpamWv _\-UnIvv]mmbpsS m\-Xym-KX
- o-cp-am-\s
- ap
sIB-Fkn-_nkn {]kn-Upw
4) C-hW
- s hnip-h
- m-c- Xn-cp- ]pXnb ]mm-bpsS apJy-Imn-I-Xzn-em-bn-cnpw.
5) m\- X ymKw {]m_- e y- n- e mIptXmsS _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a ]mm
tdman\v GXm\pw Intem-ao-dpI sXp
Im Ktmt^mbn-tev Xmm-en-Iambn Xmakw ampw.
6) hn-m ]qtm-n D Hcp hnbn Bbn-cnpw injvS-Imew Atlw
""{]m-\b
- nepw ]T-\
- nepw'' sNe-hg- n-pI. ]qW BhrXn Imp Hcp tIm
shm-bn-cpp apv Cu sIn-Sw. AhsS AIp-
- W
- n-Ifpw ]pXnb Xma-k
- m-c\
- p-th-nbp ko-Ic
- W
-
- fpw Bcw-`n-p-Ig- n-p.
hn sdUn-bm-Ip--tXmsS _\-UnIvv ]Xn\m-dm-a Atmp Xmakw ampw
GXp-Im-cyhpw AXn-kq-v-a-ambn BtemNnpw hyn-]c
- a
- mbn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXpw
\S-m-p ssien-bmWv _\-UnIvv ]Xn\m-dm-a ]mm-bp-tS-Xv. AXp-sIm-p-Xs
]e-cp-sSbpw a\-n Db-cp tNmZy-an-XmWv. m\-XymK {]Jym-]-\-n\v s^{_phcn 11 F Znhkw Fp-sImv Atlw
Xnc-s-Spp?
Cu dntmv Xm-dm-p-tm ]mmbpsStbm amcp-sS-sb-n-eptam hni-Zo-Ic
- Ww
CXp kw_-nv Dm-bn-n-. ]e Imc-W sImv ]t Ncn-{X-n nc-{]XnjvT t\Sn-bn-p Zn\-amWv s^{_p-hcn 11.
Adntm Adn-bm-sXtbm B Znh-ks
Hcn-qSn Ncn-{X-{]-[m\amp-I-bm-bncpp _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a.
apKm-an-bmb hmgvs
- tPm t]m
hnizm-kh
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]mm, AXns kam-]-\-n-\p-apv Xs
]c-am-Nm-cyXzw XyPn-p-sav Icp-Xm
Bs-nepamIptam? 2012 HIvtSm-_ 11-\mWv hnip-h
- jm-Nc
- Ww DZvLm-S\w sNs--Xv. 2013 \hw-_ 24--\mWp kam-]-\w.
]mm \mem-as Nm{In-It- e-J\
-
- ns
]Wn-p-cb
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- jmN-cW
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th\-e-h-[n-m-ev ]mm AXns cN-\bn-em-bn-cp-p-shv D-c-hm-Z-s tI{XsbmWv shfn-s-Sp-n-b-Xv. bYm{Iaw D]-hn-sbbpw {]Xym-is
- bbpw tI{o-Icn-mWv aqp Nm{In-It- e-J\
-
- ]m ]pds-Sp-hn--Xv. hnizm-k-s-p-dn-p-IqSn Hsc- a m- b m ]pWy- { Xbw ]qn- b m- I pw.
AXn\p hnizm-k-hjw-t]mse DNn-X-amb
asm-c-h-k-c-hp-an-.
]c-am-Nm-cyXzw Hgn-bp s^{_p-hcn 28\p
apv AXp ]qn-bmn {]kn-o-Ic
- n-m
Bhn-s--Imcyw Dd-m-Wv. {]v Hm^okv
Ub-d-IvS ^m. {^U-dntm semw_mUn
v Am-cy-n kwi-b-hp-an-. CXp-hsc
Fgp-Xn-o `mK-n\v Fp-kw-`-hn-psav Bp-a-dn-bn-.
{_ko-ense dntbmUn P\o-tdm-bn temIbp-hP
- \
- k
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-
- n (Pqsse 23-28) ]s-Spp-sap ]mm ]d-n-cp-p. B hmp
]men-t- _m[y-Xb
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CsXm-s-bm-sW-nepw ]mm-bpsS cmPnsb-n Nne -kq-N-\-I-fp-m-bn-cp--Xmbn
Nne Nqn- m- p- p. 2010 ]o
UohmUn\p \Inb A`n-ap-Ja
- mWv AXnsem-v. ZuXy-\nh-l-W-n\v Btcm-Ky-]c-ambn km[y-a-sph-m ]mm-am
m\-sam-gn-bW
- s
- av Hcp tNmZy-n\p adp]-Sn-bmbn Av Atlw ]d-n-cp-p.
""dmvknw-K hnZymn-I-fp''sS ChWs hjnI Hp-tN-c-en-\nsS ""C\n
C-c-n Hcp Hp-tN-c km[y-amIptam Fv Adn-bn'' Fp ]mm ]d-XmWp asmcp kqN-\. AXp-]t
C\nbpw CXp-t]m-semcp HptNc-en-\pth BtcmKyw Dm-Iptam F ktl-{]-I-S-\-ambpw Icp-Xmw. As\bmWv
]ecpw Icp- X n- b - X pw. G{]n 16- \p
]mmbvv 86 XnI-bpw.
^m. tPmk^v dmvknw-Kdpw (ap-I-fn he-v) ktlm-Z-c ^m. tPmPv dmvknw-Kdpw (CS-X)v ]utcm-lnXy kzoI-cW
-
- n-\p-tijw amXm-]n-Xm-t- fmSpw ktlm-Zcn acn-bt- bmSpsamw
Fm-hs
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GXm- b mepw CXn- \ Iw kphy- ambngn Imcy- Cs\ kw{K-lnmw
1) s^{_p-hcn 28\v Cmen-b kabw
cm{Xn Fp-aW
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{]m_-ey-nh-cpw. tdman hnip- ]
- t- {Xmkns sslnI knwlm-k\w iq\ym-h
bn-em-Ipw.
2) ]pXnb ]mmsb Xnc-s-Sp-m-\p
tImthv hnfnp Iqm IZn-\m Xncpkw-Lns Uo Bb tUm. Btem
skmUm-t\m-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n \S-]S- n-I
Bcw-`n-p-I-gn-p.
3) tImt-hn _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dma ]mm ]s-Sp-n-. GsX-n-epw- X-cn Xnc-s-Spp {]{Inbbpambn _s-Sp-Ib
- p-an-. 117 Ce-ISv IZn-\mamcmWp
tImt-hn Dm-hp-I.
cm-as
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]Xn- \ m- e p- I m- c nv eqZn ]cn- i p
I\ymamXmhv BZy-ambn {]Xy-s
- -Xv 1858
s^{_p-hcn 11--\m-Wv. _W-Zn ]nmev hnip--bm-bn. temI-nse Ghpw
sNdnb kzX{ ]c-am-[n-Imc cmjv{S-ambn
hn-m tns ]ndhn Ipdn emd DS-Sn Hp-h-Xpw Hcp s^{_p-hcn 11-\m-Wv 1929--em-bn-cpp AXv (s^{_p-hcn
11-s
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"s^{_p-h-cn-bpsS clkyw' F hm
ImWp-I)
sabv 12-\v GXm\pwt]sc hnip ]Z-hnbn-tev Dbp--Xp-ambn _-s-mWv
s^{_p- h cn 11- \p ]mm Ikn- dn
hnfnp tN-Xv. IZn-\mam-cpsS Ccw
tbmK- sf HmUn- \ dn Ikn- dn
10
hnizmkw ssZhns kv t \l
tmSp {]Xypcsa \nebn
Fs Hmas Nm{InIteJ\n
hnizmkw, kv t \lw Fo ssZhoI
]pWy Xnep D _ sp
dnp NneNnI Rm ]phncpp.
ssZhn\p \tmSp kvt\lw, \mw
AdnbpIbpw \mw AXn hnizknpIbpw
sNbvXncnpp (1 tbml 4:16) Fn
s\bp hnip tbmlms auenI
{]kvXmh\tbmsSbmWv Rm XpSnbXv.
ss{Ikv X h\mbncnpIsbXv Hcp
[mnI XncsSpnstbm DXamb
Hcmibnstbm ^ea. ]nstbm Hcp
kw`hhpambp, Hcp hynbpambp,
Ipapens ^eamWv. B Ipap
PohnXn\p ]pXnsbmcp N{Ihmfhpw \n
WmbIamb am\ntihpw \evIpp.
ssZhw BZyw \s kvt\lnp (cf 1
tbml4:10).AXpsImvkvt\ln
pIsbXv Ctm shdpsamcp I
ev ] \b. ]nstbm ssZhw \tmSv
ASpphcpXns tlXphmb kvt\l
sa Zm\tmSp Hcp {]XypcamWv
(ssZhw kvt\lamIpp,1) Fns\
{]kvXmhnpIbpw sNbvXp.
hnizksaXv , tbip{Inkv X phn
]qWambn shfnhmsXpw ssZhn\p
\tmSpXpamb kuP\y]chpw Xo{h
hpamb kvt\lns shfn]m Snt\mSp
hyn]camb HntcemWv. AXv \psS
Fm IgnhpIfpwsImp HntcemWv.
kvt\lamIp ssZhw lrZbs am{Xa
_pninsbbpw {]hnnpp.
Pohnp ssZhs AwKoIcnp
IsbXv kvt\lnte p Hcp hgn
bmWv. AhnSs CjvSw \ A\p
kcnptm B A\pkcWw \psS
_pnin, Cmin, hnImc
Fnhsb kwtbmPnnpp. khm
tjnbmb kvt\ln Iqnt pp.
Fm Cu {]{Inb Ftmgpw apt
dpXmWv . kv t \lw Hcnepw Ah
km\npn (ssZhw kvt\lam Ipp,
17).
AXpsImv Fm ss{IkvXhpw
{]tXyInv , ]ckv t \l{]hrnI
sNphv, hnizmkw Bhiyapv.
Fsm AhcpsS kvt\ls Do
]nnpIbpw aphtcmSp AhcpsS
XmXv]cyw DWpIbpw sNp HmWv
{InkvXphn ssZhs Isp
IsbXv. CXns ^eambn Ahv Ab
]mtcmSp kvt\lsaXv ]pdta
\nv ASntev ] np Hcp Iev ] \
bmbncnpIbn. ]nstbm XfpsS hn
izmkns Hcp A\c^eambn cnpw.
kvt\lneqsS kPohamIp HmWtm
hnizmkw (ssZhw kvt\lamIpp, 31a).
{InkvXphns kvt\lm IogS
shcmWv {InkvXym\nI. AXp sImv
Ah B kvt\lns kzm[o\he
bnshcmWv: {InkvXphns kvt\
lw Rsf \n_npp (2 tImdn
5:14). hkvXp\njvTamb coXnIfn
Abmsc ]qWlrZbtmsS kvt\
lnphcmWh.(cf ssZhw kvt\l
amIpp, 33). Imhp kvt\lnpIbpw
anpIbpw olmcpsS ImepIgpIm
Ip\np\npsImv tkhnpIbpw
a\pjyhwis ssZhkvt\lntev
ASpnm Ipcnin kzbw ka n
pIbpw sNbvXpsh t_m[n \n
mWv {][m\ambpw Cu at\m `mh
apmIpXv.
ssZhw Xs ]p{Xs\ \app \evIn
sbv hnizmkw \tmSp ]dbpp. AXp
bYmn kXyamsWXn\p hn
PbIcamb Ddp\evIpIbpw sNpp:
ssZhw kvt\lamWv. Ipcnin tbiphns
apdnth lrZbn shfnhms
ssZhns kv t \ls hnizmkw
ImWpp. B hnizmkw kvt\ln\v
Pw \evIpp. kvt\lamWp {]Imiw.
Ahkm\w AXpam{XamWp anb
temIs Ftmgpw {]Iminnp
apI- f n- d - - X ns shfn- - n,
hnizm-khpw ]c-kvt\-lhpw Xn thXncn-mt\m Ahsb ]c-kv]c
- h
- n-cp-
- f
- mbn
ImWmt\m \apv Hcn-epw Ign-bp-I-bns- Xv hy- a m- W v . Cd cp
ssZhnI-]p-Wy-fpw Ah-KmVw _-sn-cn-p-p. Ahsb hyXy-kvX--fmtbm
hncp-
- f
- mtbm Icp-Xp-Xv hgn-sX-n-p
Nn-bm-Wv. Hcp-h-iv hnizm-k-ns
apK-W-\-bnepw \nWm-b-I-Xz-nepw
i-amb Du \evIp-Xpw ]c-kvt\l-{]-h-\-sf Ahy--amb am\p-jnI-Xm-hm-Z-ambn Npcp-p-Xpw Gsd ]]m-X-]-c-am-bn-cn-pw. adp-h-i-v, hnizm-kns m\w {]h-\-n\p \evIp-Xv, ]c-kvt\-l-ns apK-W-\bvpw
AXv DXv]m-Zn-n-p {]h-\-n\pw
\evIp--Xv, klm-b-I-c-ambnocp-I-bn-.
hnizm- k - a m- { X- h m- Z - s bpw [n- I - { ]h\am{X-hm-Z-sbpw Dt]-n-pI
KpW-I-c-amb B[ym-n-I-Po-hn-X-n\v
AXym-hi
- y-am-Wv.
ss{IkvXh
- P
- o-hnXw ssZhs ImWm
\nc-cw ae-bn-tep Ib-depw ktlm-Zco-kt- lm-Zc
-
- m-cpsS ASp-t- ev Cd-e
- pam- W v . ssZh- n \np kzoI- c n
kvt\lhpw inbpw hln-p-sImv aebn-d-p-Xv Ahsc ssZh-ns Xs
kvt\lw-sImv tkhn-p-hm-\m-Wv. kphntijw {]tLm- j n- m\pw P\- - f psS
hnizmkw DWm\pw A- k v t Xm- e -
11
C-d cp kZvKp-W-fpw
Xn-ep _w k`-If
- psS cv
auen-II
- q-Zm-iI
- f
- n {]Xn-_nw-_np-p-.v amtm-Zo-kbpw Ip_m\-bp-amWv B IqZm-i-I. amtmZok (hn-izm-k-ns IqZm-i)
Ip_m-\bvv (kvt\-l-ns
kw`hw A\p-kvac
- n-m \mw Hcpp-Ib
- m-Wt- m. B kw`-h
- n
ssZh-ktv \lw temIs hosSp-p-Ibpw AXns {]Im-is
Ncn- { X- n- t {]kcnnp
Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Ahk
cn \n Fmhcpw hne
s Cu kabw tbip{In kvXp
hnep hnizmkw hopw DPz
ennm sNehgnWsa p
Rm B{Klnpp. tbip
{Inkv X phnt\msSmw ]nXmhn
t\mSp kvt\lns {]h
\ntepw \psS PohnX
n \mw Ipapp ktlm
Zco ktlmZcmp thnbp
{]h\ntepw Hmtcm
hynbpw ISpXn\pthn
bmWXv. Cu \ntbmKn\mbn
Rm ssZhtmSp {]mn p
p. Hmtcm hynpw Hmtcm
kaqln\pw Imhns
BiohmZw e`nssbp
{]mnpp.
""h
cphn
\apv cayXs
Smw. \nfpsS
]m]w ISpwNph
msWnepw sh
pt]mse
Rm\Xns\ shfp
nmw'' (Gi
1:18). a\pjy\pambn cayXbnem
Im ssZhw \Sp \ncc
{iasfbmWv Gi {]hmNI
s Cu hmpI Hmannp
Xv. Aoknbnse {^mknkv
ktlmZctfmSv ]dbpambncp
s{X: ""ktlmZcsf, Bscn
epw Hcm m\hZ\\mbn \n
fpsS CSbn Dsn \n
fpsS a Abmmhiyap
tmsbp tNmZnpI. Hcp
]s, AbmfpsS ZpxJn\p
ImcWw \ntfmSp GsXn
epw Xcnep hntcm[amsW
v Bdnbmw?'' ssZhns
a\dnsmcm F \nebn
{^mkokns hmpI ssZh
a\ntep Hcp InfnhmXn
IqSnbmWv. \jvSs \mWbn
\mbv hnfp sImfpn At\zjn
p hosbt]mse ssZhw
\nccamsbmcp At\zjWn
emWv; Xs {iasf Aw
t]mepw Kuchambn FSpm
a\pjy\v Xs abpsS Bhiy
aptm Fdnbm.
a\pjys\ At\zjnp \S
p Hcp ssZhns "CtaPv'
BWv hnip {Kw \IpXv.
a\pjy ssZhs Dt]nm
epw ssZhn\v Ahs\ Dt]n
m h. Fw. apIps "agn
]pgbpsS Xocv' F IYbnse
Zmap ssddpsS apJamWv ssZh
n\v Fv Nnetm tXmn
tmIpp. Zmap ssddpsS Ghpw
henb kz]v \ hpw {]Xobp
amWv aI Zmk: Ah ]Tn
smcp Db DtZymK\m
IWw FXmWv Zmap ssddpsS
B{Klw. ]s, Zmk\mIs
a{Snptej ]co Ignbptm
Hcp hnh {]m\n tN
cpIbmWv . ]ns \mn \S
p Iem]fnsems Zmk
s t]cpv . Abm s]meo
kns t\mpnbmIpp. Hcp
h \ns t{ZmlnpIbn. (D
. 4:816) a\pjys XnI I
v a\p aSp ssZhw Pe{]f
bw sImv a\pjys\ innp
p. Fm Ahs sISp-Xn-I
ImWp ssZh-ns a\--enp-t]m-Ip-p. ssZhw ]d-bpp:
""C\n apX Hcp {]fbw sImv
a\p-jy-Ip-es Rm \in-n-pI-bn-'' (D. 9:16). Ft-b
v pambv a\p-jy-t\mSv ]nW-n-bn-cnm ssZh-n-\m-hp-Ib
- n-. Ah
s k-S
- ImWp-tm ssZhns a\-e
- n-p-t]m-Ip-p.
hmb- \ - b v n- S - b n a\- n
]Xn ""ssZh-ns Ipv''
F Cwojv Ihn-X-bnse At-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cnmw ssZhns a\-.v Ihn-Xb
- nse A\v
GI aI-\mWv. A acn-p-t]mb
Ipns\ Abm-fmWv hfp-Xv . alm hnIr- X n- b mb Ah
A\v ]e-tmgpw henb Xe-thZ-\-bm-Wv. Hcp Znhkw Ipns
hnIrXn kln-m-\m-hmsX A
bm Ah\v Hc-Sn-h-p-sIm-Sp-p.
]m-bpsS ssIbn \nv BZyambv ASn-In-nb Ah hen-b-hmbn \ne-hn-fn-p. Ah\v kSw
kln-m-\m-bn-. HSp-hn Ic-pIcv Ah InS--bn-tev
hoWp-d
- n. Ipdp Ign-t- m
A\v henb Ip-t_m[w tXm
n. Abm hnNm-cnp: ""A-bnm Ipm-W,v Ah\v hmsX
thZ-\n-n-p-m-Ipw.'' Xc-f-Nn-\mb Abm IpnsbSptp sNp; Dd- - nepw
G-e-Sn-p Ahs aqmhn Aen-thm-Sp-IqSn Hcp Npw_
\w sImSp- p. Atm HcpXpn Io Abm-fn \nv Ip
ns Ihn-fn ]Xn-p. B
\nanjw Abm Nnn-p-Ib
- mWv:
"ssZh-ns kvt\lhpw Hcp
]s CXp-t]msebmbn-cn-mw.
\ a\p-jy hnIrXn ImWn-ptm Ah \s innpp. Fm k-S-sp Icbp-tm aqm-hn Npw_n-pIbpw kv t \l- ns Io
\psS Ihn-fn-eqsS Hgp-p-Ibpw
sNp ssZhns kvt\lw
\n-ba
- mbpw C-s\-bm-Wv.
{_ko-enb Fgp-p-Im-c\
- mb
]utem sImbvtembpsS {]kn-amb t\mh- e p- I - f n- s em- mWv
t\mp Nn 1
ip- a m- W v. hn. {^mknkv
Aokn sXcp- h o- Y n- I - f n- e qsS
hnfnp ]d-p-sImv \S-p-ambn-cp-t{X; ""kvt\lw kvt\ln-s-Sp-n'' Fv. Cu t\mp-Imev lrZbw sXmSp Cu \nehnfn \psS ImXp-If
- nepw apg-s. A\n-hm-cy-amb insb `bs-Sp--Xp-sIm--, B kvt\ln\p apn tXmp-t]m-Ip-X
- psIm-v, h{IX \nd \psS
PohnX hgn-I Dt]-nv ]nXmhns `h-\
- n-tev \apv Xncnp- \Smw.
Xncp-_m-e-k-Jy-Zn\dmen
Fd-Wm-Ipfw: NmXymv auv
Im ssZhm-e-b-n Xncp_m-ek
- J
- y-Zn-\
- n 600 aX-t_m[\ hnZymn-I ]s-Sp
Xncp-_m-e-k-Jy-Zn-\-dmen hyXykvXhpw hW-hn-kva-b-hp-ambn.
Do-timbvv Pbv hnfnpw hnip-cpsS thj- AWnpw
kqcy-Imn ]pjv]
- f
- mbpw Nn{Xi-e`-
- f
- mbpsams Ipp-
]p-tNXv dmenv amp-Iq-n.
\nc-h[n amem-J-am-cpsS AI--SntbmsS Do-tb-ip-hp-ambn Ipp ]mfw PwKvjhsc \Snb dmen, hnizm-k-hj-n
Ipp-f
- psS hnizm-k{- ]-tLm-jW-ambn amdn. dmen-sb-Xp-Sv
]pXnb AwK-sf Xncp-_m-e-kJy-n-tev tNp-I-bpw, IpnI Dn- t b- i p- h n- t \m- S p
{]Xn Gp- s Nm- p- I bpw
sNbvXp. Ipn-Ip-th-n-bp
Znhy-_e
- n-sb X
- p-Sv Ipn-Ism-hpw kvt\tlm-]l
- m-c
-
\In. hnImcn tam. okv ]d-tem-v, kl-hn-Im-cn-amcmb
^m. tPmkn tImm-n-n, ^m.
PnPp Xnbm-Sn, kn sIvkn, aXm[ym- ] - I Fn- h t\XrXzw
\In.
h-II
- f
- n hnIm-cn-bm-bn-cp-p.
sImn tkmjy- khokv
skmssk- n- b psS Ub- d - I v S dmbpw Uln Bm-\-amb
Imcn-mkv Cy-bpsS AUvan\n-kvt{S-ohv Hm^o-k-dmbpw
tkh\w sNbvXn-p-v. hna
C- t {K- Uv Uh- e - ] v s a v
skmsskn (ssh-Uvkv) bpsS
m]I Ub-dI
- vSd
- m-Wv.
hnizm-k]
- p-kX
v Iw ]pd-n-dn
Xncp-h-\--]qcw :- hnizmk hj-n ]ncn-ip ]nXmhv ]pd-s-Sphn hnizmk hmXn F A-kvtXm-enI Xncp-sh-gp-ns Ak Dsm-p-sImv AXn-cq-]X
- mw-K
- sf hnizm-k
- n Bg-sSp-pI F ey-tmsS Xncp-h-\--]pcw AXn-cq-]X AP-]m-e\
ip{iqjm kan-Xn- hnizm-kh
- p-ambn _-s ]v hnj-b
- DsSpn hnizmk ]pkvXIw ]pd-n-d-n. hnizmk hj-nse Hmtcm
amkhpw ]pd-n-d-p hnizmk ]pkvXIw hnizmk {]am-Ww, IqZmi-I, A-kvtXm-e-m, k`m-]n-Xm--m, k`-bnse kw`-h-,
hnizm-k
- ns hmXn, cmw hn-m {]am-Wt- c-J, Itm-en-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-{K-w, hnizmk kwc--Ww, Fn hnj-b-fmWv ssIImcyw sNp-Xv. CXnse Hmtcm hnj-bhpw {InkvXphpambp Ip-ap--en-tev hmb-\-msc \bn-p-sav AP-]m-e\ Ub-dIvS ^m. ssUk ]d-p.
-temv, tam. tPmk^v Xntm-v, ^m. tP_v ]n--dn Hkn- U n, ^m. hnk v
DXnc-pfw Hkn-Un, ^m. amXyp
In- Fn-h apJy-Imn-Icm-bn-cp-p.
Cse (16) cmhnse \S
s]mn-^n- Znhy-_-en-bn
hcm- pg Bv _ n- j v tUm.
{^mknkv I-d
- apJy-ImnIXzw hln-p. ^m. tPmkv tXmakv
HmImw hN-\{- ]-tLm-jWw \S-n.
XpS v t\-kZ- ybpw \S-p.
Xncp-\m BtLm-j-v
hnImcn tam. tPm t_mkvtIm
]\-, kl-hn-Imcnamcmb ^m.
{^mknkv s\k ent_-c,
^m. tPmk^v sjdn sNm-b
- ,v
P\-d Iho-\ emk hmSbv Fn-hcmWv t\XrXzw
\IpXv.
Dm Bbn-cpp BZy-ambn
Ipcnip \mn-b-Xv. At-l-ns ]n-ea
- p-d
- m-cmWv CnXv
\n-ln-p--Xv.
`P\bncn-epw, ASn-a-bn-cnepw ]pgpp t\-bp-amWv
{][m-\ t- \-I. `P-\b
- n-cpv
{]mnv Ipns sshI
eyw amdn-b-Xns XpS-bmWv
`P- \ - b n- c n- . tcmK- i m- nmbn Acn- a m- h n i- c tNv Xm-dm-p ]pgpv
{][m-\- h-gn-]m-Sm-Wv. Xncp-\m
Zn\--fn hnizm-kn-I hon
epw ]n-]-cn-k-cpw Xm-dmp `Ww XpS-bmbn
sh-cnp hnf-p ]Xnhpw
Chn-sS-bp-v. ]mZp-hm-bn\nv
sImp-h hnip Atm-Wokns Xncp- t i- j nv ChnsS
{]Xn-jvTn-n-p-v.
tUmt_mkvtIm Bip-]{Xn
Zn\m-tLmjw \S-n
tIm-pdw: tcmKn-I-fn ssZh
s Zinv Ahv ip{iqj
\I-Ws
- av InUvkv Ub-dI
- vS
dh. tUm. \nIvk Imm-ticn
]d-p.
tUmt_mkvtIm Bip-]-{XnbpsS 17--m-aXv hmjn-Im-tLm-j DZvLm-S\w sNp-I-bm-bncpp At-lw.
InUvkpw tUmt_mkvtIm
Bip-]{- Xn-bpsS tNv hr-cmb
amXm-]n-Xm-p-thn \S-n-emp kmbw-{]` ]-Xn-bpsS
slv ImUns {]Im-i\w
dh. tUm. \nIvk, saUn-
Ub-dI
- vS tUm. ]utemkv ambnv \In {]Im-i\w sNbvXp.
XrqF-dW
- m-Ipfw Pn-If
- nse
25 kmbw-{]-` bqWn-p-If
- nse cmbn-c
- n-e[
- nIw hcp hr amXm]n-Xm-v ]-Xn-bpsS B\pIqeyw e`n-pw.
Bip- ] {Xn Ub- d - I v S ^m.
kmPp IWn-p-Ip-v A[y-X
hln-p. Akn. Ub-d-IvS ^m.
{^mk Ipcn-in-, tUm.
13
n sh-b
- ew B\n-ta-j
sk-dn Xoc-tZ-ih
- n-Ik
- \ skan\mdpw hnI-k\tcJ Ah-X-c-W
hpw DZvLm-S\w sNbvXv kwkm-cnp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp At-lw. Bv
_n-j]v tUm. kqk-]mIyw A[yX hln-p.
`uan- I hpw A`u- a n- I hpamb
{]iv\
- f
- mWv \ne-hn t\cn-Sp-sXpw ssZho-I-amb Imcy-
sm-w-Xs `uao-I-amb {]iv\-
pw {]m[m\yw \tI-X
- pspw Bv_n-j]v A`n-{]mb-s-p. P\-]-m-fn--tm-sS-bp
hnI-k\
- {- ]-h-\a
- mWv A`nIm-ay-sav Atlw ]d-p.
XpSv hnI- k - \ - t c- J - b psS
hnj-bm-h-X-cWw ^m. km_mkv
Ct-jykv \nh-ln-p. AK-y
tKmav, Fw.-F. hmlnZv FwFF, ]pp-hnf men, sI. N{nI
Fn-h {]kw-Kn-p. ^m. se\n
kwKo-X-km-{-amb Cy IW-Ivj
Cy-tbmSpw Cy-m-tcmSpw
khn-ti-ja
- mb kvt\l-hm-b]
v pv
]cn-ip ]nXm-hv _\-UnIvSv ]Xn\m-dm-a\v. AXp {]I-Sn-n-m In
p Hc-h-kchpw Atlw ]mgmm-dp-an-.
thfm--n-bnse acn-b Xo
m-S-\-tI{w _kn-en--bmbn
Db-s-X
- ns kphW-Pq-_nenbpw knkn-_nsFbpsS cPXPq_n-en-bp-ambn _-s BtLmj--fn-tev Xs {]tXy I
{]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn IZn-\m tUm.
s^Wmtm ^ntem- W nsb
]mm \ntbm-Kn--XmWv CXn\v
Ghpw HSp-hn-es DZm-l-c-Ww.
P\-XI
- f
- psS kphn-ti-jh
- -cW
- n-\m-bp Xncp-kw-L-ns
{]os^-IvSmWv IZn-\m tUm.
s^Wmtm ^ntem-Wn.
s^{_p-hcn H]-Xn\p thfm-n-bn-se-nb Atlw {]`m-jW-am-cw-`n-Xv ]mmbvv Cy-tbmSpw thfm-n amXm-hn-t\m-Sp-ap
khn-ti-j-amb kvt\l-s-pdnp ]d-p-sIm-m-Wv.
acnb `-s\-X
- p-t]mse Iemkzm-ZI
- \pw anI kwKo-X
\pw
IqSn-bmWv _\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dma. eqZn amXmhp {]Xy-s
- -Xnsbpw em-d DS-S- n-bn-eqsS
hn-m \Kccmjv{Sw DS-se-SpXn-sbpw hmjn-I-Zn-\-amb
s^{_p-hcn 11\m-bn-cptm A
t-l-ns m\-XymK {]Jym]-\w.
em- d DS- SnbpsS 84mw
_\-UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a ]mmsb BZ-cn-m \Snb kwKo-X\nisbXp-Sv ]mm, kp_n ta-tbm-sSm-w. Cm-en-b {]knU v tPmPntbm \mtm-fn-m-t\m kao]w
lmfn \S B kwKo-X-\n-ibpsS I-IvS Bcm-bn-cp-pshtm? kmm kp_n ta
. Cpw Cy ]mkvt]mv
ssIhn-SmsX temI-]u-c\
- mbn hntZi--fn kwKo-X-k-]-cy-bp-ambn
Pohn-p apwss_ kztZ-in.
]mm- t bm- s Smw Cm- e n- b
]t ]mmsb \ne-bn
Xm Ah- k m- \ - a mbn Bkz- Z np kwKo-X\
- n-ib
- mWv AsX
clkyw Ap ]mm-b
v p-am-{Xta
Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-pq! Bdp-Zn-\ Ign-m-Wtm Atlw
m\-XymK {]Jym-]\w \S-nb-Xv. Kzntks shZn-bpsS Zv
tlmgvkv Hm^v Un\n, _ntYmhs aqmw knw^Wn XpS-nb
kwKoX in--fmWv kp_n
tabpw kwLhpw Ah-X-cn-n-Xv.
B kwKo- X - \ ni icnpw
Bkz-Zn ]cn-ip ]nXmhv Hmkv{Sbvpw I-IvS kp_n
tabvpwta Ie-hd
- b
- n-msX
{]iwk sNmcn-p. Kzntks
shZn-bpsS cmw P-i-Xm_vZn
hj-am-Wn-sXpw ]mm A\pkvac
- n-p. a\pjy AkvXn-Xz-ns
\mS-Io-bX
- bpw ssZhn-\p-th-nbp Zml-hp-amWv shZn-bpsS
kwKo-Xi
- n-f
- psS ImX-sep
]mm \nco-n-p. PaIm-cIqSn-bmb _otYm-hns aqmw knw^Wn-sbbpw XnI kmt-XnI
sshZ-Kv[y-tmsS ]mm hni-Ie\w sNbvXp.
kotdm ae-_m, kotdm ae-c
k`- I - f psS Ctm- g s taP
Bv _nj- p- a msc IZn\mamcmbn Dbn-bXp _\UnIvv ]Xn-\m-dm-a ]mm-bm-Wv.
hcm-pg AXn-cq-]X
- mw-Ka- mb Bv
_nj]v tUm. {^mknkv Ako
kn Npn-m-n-ens\ sFIy-cm-j{v S-
IZn\m tNfn
ZnhwKX\mbn
tdmw: tZimS\mpw {]hm
knIpw thnbp s]mn
^n Iuknens ap
A[y IZn\m tUm. sPym
hmn tNfn (94) s^{_phcn Ggn
\p ZnhwKX\mbn. IZn\m
XncpkwLns Uo\pw hn
ms ap tv sk{I
dnbpamb IZn\m tUm. B
tem skmUmt\mbpsS apJy
ImanIXzn s^{_phcn
H]Xn\p I_dSw \Sn.
hnms \bX{ k
hokn kvXpXylamb tkh
\w ImgvNh tijamWv IZn
\m tNfn tdma IqcnbbpsS
`mKambXv. sFIycmjv{Sk`bnse
t] anj\nepw {]hnp.
Cenmc\mb Atls
{]hmknIpw tZimS\m
pw thnbp s]mn^n
Iuknens {]knUmbn
\nbanXv hmgvs tPm
t]m cma ]mmbmWv. 1989
embncpp AXv.
Fgp]smXmw hbn
1998 hncanpwhsc Atlw
B ]Zhnbn XpSp. 1998
Atls IZn\mfmbn Db
nbXpw tPm t]m cma
]mm Xs.
IZn\m tUm. tNfnbpsS
tZlhntbmKn ]cnip
t]cn am{Xw Ah
Itmen!
e: {_n\nse Itmen Fw]namcn `qcn]hpw lukv
Hm^v tImakn s^{_phcn An\v kzhKhnhmls A\p
Iqenp thmp sNbvXXmbn cmPys {]apJ {]knoIcWamb Zv Sm
_vfv shfnsSpn. _nns cmw hmb\bn 175 Fw]namcmWv
FXnp thmp sNbvXXv. 400 t] A\pIqenp. Iptdt thmnw
Kn \np hnp\np. Itmen Fw.]namcn _lp`qcn]hpw
_nns\ A\pIqenpIbmbncpp. k`bpsS ]T\pw {]t_m
[\pw As\ Ah ]ckyambn FXncp \np.
te_ ]mnbn 32, bmYmnXnI Inbn 12, en_d
Utam{ImnIv ]mnbn cv, FkvUnF]nbn Hv Fns\
47 Itmen Fw]namcmWv kzhK hnhmls A\pIqenp thmp
sNbvXXv. samw 82 ItmencmWp lukv Hm^v tImakn
DXv. _nns\ FXnp thmp sNbvXhcn en_d Utam{Impw
ap a{nbpamb kmdm Sodpw DsSpw. ""PohnXn Ghpw
tinv FSp Xocpam\w'' FmWv Ah AXns\ hntijnnXv.
ImcWw, Pohs aqeytfmSv Hw \npXv cmjv{Sobambn
Cmev em`Ica FXpXs.
hn`qXn _p[\mgvN
h[in \Smn
\yqtbmv: eqbnkm\ kwm\s Itmen sa{XmmcpsS
A`y\ Xnsmv AhnSs KhW t_m_n PnUm
Cgn hn`qXn _p[\mgv N {In^ skphmtZm F
IphmfnbpsS h[in \Smn. Cy hwiP\mb t_m_n
PnUm Itmen\mWv. lnpaXn \np Itmen
hnizmkw kzoIcnbm.
Hcp Bdp hbpImcs\ AXn{Iqcambn sImesSpnb tIkn
1993 h[in hn[nsbmfmWv {In^ skphmtZm. Ao
tImSXnIfpw h[in icnhp.
Atacnbn h[in \nehnepkwm\fnsemmWv
eqbnkm\. hnjw Ipn hp h[nm\p hn[n s^{_phcn 13\p
\Smm \nbntms Itmenk` {]Xntj[ap
bnbncpp. temIsamSpap ss{IkvXh henb t\mb
ntep ISp hn`qXn _p[\mgvN B h[in AcpsXv
Itmen sa{Xmmcpw A`ynp. B A`y\bmWv dnn
]mnmc\mb KhW t_m_n PnUm XnbXv.
sSpXv. krjvSnbmsWXns
]cnanXnIfnmsX, \XnIfp
sSbpw [manIXbpsSbpw ]cn
anXnIfnmsX khkzX{am
sbmcp PohnXw.
ChnsSbmWv aa{][m\amb
{]iv\w. ssZhhpambp _w
a\pjy hnkvacnpItbm hnI
eampItbm sNptm, ssZh
ns m\tp \s
s Ahtcm[nptm asm
hcpambpw asm hkvXpfpam
bpw D \psS _n
B]camb hyXnbm\apm
Ipp. A]c FXncmfnbpw `oj
Wnbpw Bbnamdpp.
ssZhw krjvSnsXmsbpw
\Xmbncpp. ]t kXyn
\pta AkXys A\pIqen
psImv a\pjy kzX{ a\
tmsS Xocpam\saSptm
Xn ChnsS {]thinp. ASn
m\]camb _ Xmdp
amdmstm ap _
sfmsbpw Xmdpamdmbn. AXmWp
]m]ns amcIin. AXv k
IeXpw \innpp.
hnizmkn PohnpI
Fm ssZhns alXzhpw
\psS \nmcXbpw AwKoIcn
emsWp ]mm Nqnmn.
\psS krjvSmh AwKoIcn
psImv AhnSps kvt\ lw
\n \ndbm A\phZnp
XmWp hnizmkw. thZ\bpw
bmX\bpw sImp hcp Xn
sb clkys hnizmkn
s shfnnte \apv a\n
emm Ignbq. Xnbn \np
tamNnXcmIm\mIpsap hnizmk
n \mw Xncndnbpp.
Amcyn \apv kp\nn
XXzw DmIpp. a\pjy\mbn
cnpI \bmsWpw \msW
pw hnizmkw \s ]Tnnpp.
15
P\tfm-sSmw:
]Xn-\m-dm-a ]mm
kuZn
Atd_ybnse A_vZp cmPmhv 2007 \hw-_ Bdn\v hn-m-\nsen ]cn-ip ]nXmhv _\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-as\ kin--tm
hnizm-k-n-ep-dv hnt[-b-Xz-tmsS:
tIc-f-nse eo cq]-Xm-[y--m BZv enao\ ki-\-th-f-bn _\-UnIvv ]mm-tbm-sSmw (2011 sabv 30)
_\-UnIvv
kwKo-X--s BZcw:
kwKo-X
sc A\p-tam-Zn-p-p.
16
apKm-an-sm ]nKman: \yqtbmn `oI-cm-{I-a-W-n sImshp-thn tPmt]m cm-a ]m tdmanse sk v ]otgvkv _kn-en--bn
An Znhy-_-en-bn ImUn-\ tPmk^v dmvknw-K kl-Imn-IXzw hln-p-p.
kmtlm-Z-cy-ns lcnXm-`-bn: