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Hodges, Wilfrid, 2001, Classical Logic II Higher-Order Logic, in Lou Goble (ed.), The Blackwell
Guide to Philosophical Logic, Oxford: Blackwell, , p. 34.

_ (D /

17

Mendelson, Elliott, 1964, Introduction to Mathematical Logic, London, Champan & Hall, forth edition,
1997, p. 34.

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A'( , 9; L _ g)

R S3 ( $

_f

- $ ._ R "

Raaa

lb + +

' R)

Rabc Rbac

_4 ; C

Rgab (a=b)

- $ :
/R

5# T `
j R

" Rabcd _ R(ab)cd

= 0

4!

c+b " _ -

lb + c

= (! 0 b } ! H0
AH 5
,

4!

lb + " (_

an + Da2 Da1 "

$ '

0\b
8_

$ 8_

!lb + b + a "

4!

'

" _ -

3#n "i x (Rbcx & Raxd ) 3

d
d

lb + a

(0 Z
(l

/0

AA5

" (0
+ (("

4!
,

} Ra1a2anb = (! 0 d

4 !H 5 R

3#n "i x (Rabx & Rxcd ) 3

" (0

" , (o = 0

/0 ,rf ?3*
lb

$ Ra(bc)d

c + b Da

_ H0

/0

} j R

L _ 3 + 8 _ DH (
}!

9 f

Zr\b

lb +

DH (

! 8_

" , (o
; =
=

!*+ = R & *
8 _ Rabc f

* f H !- R

"

_ (l 8 _ =H !Z m,r

@A "

H9 ? * +

4!

lb + b + a

lb + + H _ -

R , /- _ R (0

H0 b + a

0 }- "

+ ` /!5 +

H0 b + a

$ 8_ g 3

`+ ` /!5 = (0

b+a

0 }- D, 8 _

b+a

0 }- D8 _

"

} o Rabc

D 6 b

8_

= $ ,r

$ c

_ +i

_f

(l "

;+ } ` /!5

0 }- Z

g 3 &*

(l

= $ b + a f ?d 5 e _ ! /0 ? R c D _ 3
+7 + (0

4!

0 }- j /0 +}# i Z

/ * 8 _ = R c f p Z " (0 / 4 ! 0

(l f +

" + u _ @ s t 8 _ | 0 +

=j $ g d d

0 }- "

p ( b + a e _ ! /0 (l_ Rabc

1 ",

4!

1 $ _f
=j $ g d c

+ 8_ f +

0 }- /0 (

"

ms t +

"

= $

/Z

8_ = (0 4 ! c
(

(l

$ d

_ +i

d f L_ 0

lb

` D8

&* }

lb

ms t

9o R ,

p ( c + b + a e _ ! /0 (l_ Rabcd

$ R L /"

lb

9o R " (" ;
1 " 2_ l

Rabcd =\ x (Rabx & Rxcd )

Rabcd =\ x (Racx & Rxbd )
Rabcd =\ x (Rbcx & Rxad )

$ 0,

(! 0 ` l + f H0 a
= $

0 3 D. &'( L ! /$
_

_f + "

" 4 rf
$ Rabcd

"

$ u b + D lb
(l

9o + lb

- $

$ $ !$

dZ "

'

_ ;

9( = $

(l 8 _

_4 ;+

dZ

1 _ -

- $

* =H (" ;

_ ;

Rgab (a=b)

/0 D+ 8 _ f = $ &'(
b

_ k * /0 9( + /0 ? R (l_

p ( g + a e _ ! /0 (l_ Rgab = (! 0 ,r k A

" _ -

- $

+ A'( 4 ! ,

*= $ b

p ( a A'( e _ ! /0 "

* 8 _ H9

! D

QR

$ (l 8 _

= $ b+a8

R
8

B f &'( 8

r $

* +

* L /"

*+

* L /"

* +

!- +

B f &'( n 8

r $

* = n + L _} D b _ 8

Z 8
=

* ? R

;+

!5 +

R + lR + b _ ,

$ p+f x " , (o D $ C : ~ x b _
$

}- 8 _

= $
; i Rgab

ra = b - 1 " ;
= $

= a=b

rRgab - 1 R

/0 ? R b - D _

$f =

4!

*
&'( n

0 f m` Z

$ ~ (A B)

4 ! ~ x " #5

H A 9o x b _

$ R

- $

*f

/ ,

!$ 8 t$ 8 _ +
* +

- $
$

"

$ 8_

' "

8_

Q R 8_

lb + ,r Z
q

4!

8 f + D $
D 6 b

/ " $

s _ 0 f $ A'(

0 Zb

* +
9

4 4 ! $

A'( b R a ? R b - = a b Rgab H _
/0 ? R b 8 _ ( + j 0

(l_ &'( n 8

- $

A'( n 4 !

$ B A'( 4 ! A

* / 8 _ j=Rgaa 1 R

lb + L _ A'( e _ ! /0 _ -

/0 A B + A A D A D` E

x +

4 ! $ 8

8_ +

$ B A'( n 4 ! A

D&'( - _

A'( 4 ! ~ A ~ B + (! 0 A A'( e_ ! f
x "

9( A

*+

0 }-

/08 _ ` l (l 8 _

1H_ R ?* L
R

!lb + g

A'(

p (

D ;+ 8 _
* " $

_fi 0

p ( a A'( e _ ! /0 + D

q
4!

A'( e _ !

$ a , /0 a A'( e_ ! /0 _f R } a

( _fi

j=W

Z A'( e _ ! /0

3$r 0 . &'( L ! /$
/R

L_

D _ q 0+

,r W _YmD $

_ -?/

- _ f "

=H_ _Ym

Z? R _

R a A'( e _ !

$ _ qD

- $

L ! /$ , R

A'( ?_a ,+

lb + 0 D2_ l

* +

d +

- $

_f

1 (! 0 H9 0
x

d+ f

lb +

$ /

* D+ 8 _ f = _r
R +

1H 0 ,

(_

Rxyz

Z 9( " !*+ j2#

x
z

1 (! 0 H9 } 0
x

lb +

g d

0`

!*+ j]

1H 0 ,

_f
1 (! 0 H9 0

d+ f
lb +

1 (! 0 H9 } 0
x

Rwxyz

Z 9( " !*+ j2#

lb +

g d
w
x
y

0`

!*+ j]
z

1` E
_f `

D8_

3{ ? *

3E . &'(

(Q

Q) "H0

,
1 (" ;

P
1

Q
1

P
1

Q
1

P
1

Q
1

P
1

P
1

=Rzvw + Rxyz H_

Q
1

Q };

Q
0

(l_ w H0 v + z + (0

"w

]Y" W f

H_ ! - g d D

4 ! z H0 y + x D`
Q+P

lb + e(m 0

8_

0 ! D8 (/0
=H_

Q " H_ -

4 ! DRxyz H_

4 ! DRzvw H_
$ ]v " z

1
x
P

P
1

(Q
0

$ ]v " w

Q+g d y

Q
1
Q)

P
1

Q
1

P
1

Q
1

P
1

P
1

+g d v

,r

Q " 4 rf

P " 4 rf D8 (/0 = $ ]v " z

= $ ]v " z

(Q

Q ) " H_ -

Q
1

Q
0

&GH )
? R "

9; 8 _ f

* +, 6 1$ 7% U

9;+ &'( L ! /$

9;+ &'( L ! /$ 3R D _+
1 9r +

, (" + 0 0 3R

lb + D

D 9r

3R D. &'( f

DL ! /$ 8 _ = $ 0,r8
9; f 8 _ = $

$ !$ '

"

A'( n
$ 8_

$ !$

3E s t L ! /$
' +8 /

0, 9; ? R _f

$ `

' + 9;+ L ! /$

H_

9;+ &'( + 0 }- &'( L ! /$ +

, 9; 8 _ (o D 9;+ &'( L ! /$

+Ag d ,

H0 Z

" #5

, o o H ("

D +

H_

8_

/ +

= $
= (" ;

0, 9;

lb

$+

H9

, 9; L _ D 0 }- &'( L ! /$

* j lb

+ i $ !$

'

D 9r ,

D A

1H_ Y +
R 3 3!l A

AH0 Z

+ +=

g d 0, 9; ,r

0, 9; D _}- =j R 3 g d
Ag d

0, 9; ,r

(l_i R ?A! A g d f

Ag d "

Da+

R g d A , 9; L _

$ g d , q

! +

Ag d H0 Z

$ 8_

$ 8 /

(o 0 A " H_

, 9;

9;+ L ! /$

y +
_

0, 9;
= R

A g d f A g d

R ?A!
_ 0, 9;

/4 H_ _}- D| 0 8 _

, 9; ? R " H_
6
AD

'

A 8_

' 8_ , "

+ ' L_ "

R y , 9;

Ag d

! +

$ 8_

"

A g d f ?A! x

=
&'(

,r,

D 9; 8 _ f + ("

" } !$ 8

R A Survey of Symbolic Logic ] !" U

^ _ #

Ag d "
Ag d "

Ag d

(l_i

o = R 3, q

! + x , 9;

j= R g d DRxy " Dy 0

(+ R 0 Z x

D {

A H0 Z

$ 0, 9; ,r A g d

lb
+

=j R 3 3!l 9r

_ 3 i = Rxy

- D $ !$

H (" 2_ l 0, 9; ,

jD + K ( i _ 0 q H 0 Z

" H_f

$ g d x
R 3 g d Rxx

0 t 3!l

* D 9;+ q 8 #+ D E#{
q 8_ i

" A } 0 }-

+ b ,r _ k *
k* A

A (o 0

" 5 Q
8_

(_

r H_

!5

+b

/ - D /

" U Na

8 #+
A

_ " =

A "

}- 0 D 0, 9; 8 _

k*

+ (!

(A

A) D $

_ 0, 9; R _}A + ]v "

D8 _ ( $ g d

A D 0, 9;

_ k * ) A + 0) * ( !5 (! 0 8 / 0 }- /0 + &'( ` d

L ! /$ D+ 8 _ f +
n

" } !$

= (R 3 g d 9r

0, 9; 8 _ =&'(
`

q 8 _ L ! /$

D "

" /9 ! = $ ! - |+ l Survey q

0 q 8_

0, 9;

g d 9r
A'( n

&'(

_ k* Z

0, 9; + `

" (l 8 _

(! 0 A'( n

jS3

n L ! /$

S1i ^ _ # 0 q

= (
1 $ _f
w

$`

$`

L ! /$ 8 _

w w(Rww

n w w(Rww

g dh R

$ 3

A)
w

A)

w -

r $`
w

w(Rww

w(Rww

w
w

A)

A)

r $ `

nw - +

A
A

w
w

U N

_ " L ! /$

"

0, 9; 8 _ D

8 #+

A'( n

D` $

0, 9; D

(_

" 4r

0 f ^ mD. , &'( +

l
=

0, 9; + `
A

9;+ &'(

ADA

0^ "+

A (

mf

/ - = f$
= (!

lb +
_ 0`

$ !$ '

8 !Z $ 3!l

9;+

0L ! /$ 8 _ = $

3!l

DA

k * S3 S1

(B

0&'(

k 5 + 0, 9;
D`
9;+

l " H_ _

n 9;+ &'(
0 q

A'( n
(A

kl

B)+ A

(B

A ) DK* + K

+ 8 _ H_

A) +

/; f D.

" } !$

1H (" ,

" } !$ g d h R _ D Z `

BD

! /$ q f D+ 8 _ f +
= $ g dy

+ Rxy " H_
h R
8 (o

$ g dy

y+xL _ "

(" y

1H (" ` '

A'( n

9; y +

$ ]v " B

_f

$ ]v" B
+ A

B+

(B

A)

Ai

0`

3!l

f$

3!l

(A

C)

^ _ #&'(

(B

8 _ D` 5 8 _

" f

5,

h R

= R

H0 Z u b

0 Z lb

$ !$

$ $ !$

" , (o = R
D

g d
_f

(B

+ 8_

mf

B)

) A`E

(o 0 D^ _ #&'(
/ 8_

/; 8 _ f = /R

C+ B

+b `

. &'( L ! /$

lb +

DH ! - 9;+ &'(

0 Z g d ,r B

m8 _ ` '
D

0`

8 (o

Rr 7 " A

= $
=

R 5 Q 0^ "+

B)

9; D, 9; ,r R g d A

+`

D, ("

+g d x

$ g d x

0^ "+
1 K* 8

D - $

A'( y "

3!l + H

$ g d

"

(_ ,+

A - DRxy " Dy 0

j= $

9r #

DA

D 0&'( 8 _

B + B

$ g d y

=H 0 ,

B + ]v " y

A D #5 8 _

D8 _ ( = R g d x

L _ H!

(l

K* + K H

(! 0 ]v " x
B

A - DRxy " Dy 0

$ g d +

$ g d y

3!

(A B)

(= $

' +
'

Da /!5 D $

o lb

_f

B _}- +

L_

0 Z A'(
'

/ " 4 rf = $

lb +
A

$ 3!l

$ $ !$
"D

$ L ! /$ 8 _

= R g d DRxy " Dy 0

* 8_

9;
lb

lb

B,

'

QR

g d

$ g d x

1 "
z

$ g d y

A - DRxyz " Dz + y 0

$ g d x

= R g d
"H0 ,

Dx L _ " (" y
( = (! g d z

DH_f lb
1

$ ' 8_

3!l L ! /$ 8 _
"0

$ g d Dy

(l
(B

H0 t

(_ ,+ D 4(_

B) + A

(B

B + Dx

A)

A + Rxyz " H_

0`
z+y

+y 0

8 (o _fi (! 0 ]v " x

"

" Dz + y 0
0`

"

j= R g d z

9r #

=H 0 ,
DB +A

$ g d x

(_ ,+

3!l + H

_f R 0 Z ` '

B+B

8 (o } + R g d z

A D #5 8 _

= R g d x

lb

(B

B (l_

A'( `

8_

K*

K*

A'( n

9;+ &'( +i . &'( L ! /$

8_

A'( , 9; L _

/0 D 0, 9; _ $
0, 9;

g _0 (

"

/ ,r

;+ (R

H0 ,

(_

(_

D. &'( L ! /$

_ 0 / ,r

D _}-

A'(

0, 9; f

D _}-

B) + A

A)

D8 _ (

B + (R g d y + x

;+ H

D, ("

(B

_ };

B)`

]v " x

D 0, 9; /0 Dj`

_ k* g d H !
D+ 8 _ f = (R

$ fa L ! /$

A'( n _ A'( (

/4 D. &'(
U

(B

/ D` 5

A'( , 9; L _ D ((" 8 l

=j : N /;

- DRxyz

" ! R ! =H_

A'( n (
&'(

R ! - ) A` E 8 /0

0, 9;

0 4(_

,r

B - DRxyz " Dz

R !- 8

" H_ R o DH_ " "v A

9_

g dh R

) A`EL _H!

D?3* (

1H (" ; . &'(

$ g d x

= R ]v " z
" kA `E

0`

$ g d x

+ 8_

$ L ! /$

C " H (" y

D _ , !$

0 q

/ D A'( n
Z

i=

(" S ; =

"

6 1$ 7%
$d %

3#n

$ (S,g,R)

,r "

_ $ L _ jFramei !Z $ D R . &'( L ! /$

1H_f m

!Z $

}; f L _ 0 u b

, (" = (0
/&1 @

n _8 /

" jsituation, set-upi

#+ (0

3#n

lb +

l*

lb +

l f

? 74 LS
$ 3 S

/4 = (R , 9; }; _ , 9; + D8 /
=H_

,r /

H$

(0 /0

_` 6 Lg

+,
,r

A'(
0,rf

_ k* , !

_ D A'( , 9; (o
=gS Y#+

+, , 9; L _ ?* 5

$ fa

g 3#n

0L ! /$ i = (

lb + L _ } g "

;+ DL ! /$ 8 _
, 9; 8 _ = " 3{

g + _}- ,

$ u b + j=

@
+x

lb + = 0

lb + ,

p !(!$ '

"

t#

% +

6 LR

' R

lb

= (R z } ! DH0 Dy + x - 9( + -

R '

z+y

$d % ) 5E
l =

Raaa

, A =C

Rabc Rbac

C , A =:

Rabcd Racbd

= (! 0 R Zr n

0\b

_4 ;

C+ , A
/B N c

($ 0,r

Rf +

Y-W f
\

/0

- q

3l 0`

l + 0 !

" (! 0 0

'_ R 8 (o L _
8_

R /

D R

0 W f \ L _ (f D? # 8 /0

/ g d ._ R , /0 \* +

L _W f

0 0Wf

!3# = ((" 8 l

/0

+g d Wf + f j

_ 9( +i

_ D ! 0

0+

Rf +

lb + L _

!Z $ !Z $ L _ !*+ DL ! /$

Y-W f
`

_ +

= /8 l

D
! /$

* =H ! 0 0 `

0W f

L _W f

lb + 0

0Wf

(o

/0

_ 9(

3!

+ 3! D&_ Q

/51e$

/B N c

D 0 !

0Wf \

L ! /$ Y#+ 0
=]v " _

= R /

]Y"
$ g d

{1,0} W f

0W f

+ f

/4

lb + 0

lb +

! 0

" (0

/4 + 0 !

/4

,
VD

_ 3
1

V: Var S Val
V: Var(iables) S(ituations)
V: {P, Q, } {a, b, c, }
V(x)

rH 0 ,

0Wf \
= 0

d, f

($
=

Val(ues)
{1,0}.
V

1 $ f

0Wf
| 0

lb +

g d

D R

0 !

/4

h R " D _f h R

V(x) V(y)

Rgxy

d, f

= 0 !

0Wf \

/0

!Z $ L _

"

Model = (Frame , Valuation)

M = (F , V) = (S, g, R, V)

0 !
*

0Wf \
0Wf

_ D " 0Wf

._ R 8 _ =

- 8 l 0

0`

, ! "8 _

/ g d ._ R "

W !-

=H_f m ,r 7 _v + (
/" 5
+

'

n lb

+
1

0Wf

/B N

? 2

/ + F + T g d ._ R _ 0 W f

L $7 " &'(

" (! 0

d , /0

lb +

wV(T,w)=1
wV(F,w)=0
V(AB,w)=1

V(A,w)=1 V(B,w)=1

V(AB,w)=1

V(A,w)=1 V(B,w)=1

UV

'

0Wf

$ g A'( , 9; (f f + t 0 W f

*+

f R '

Vt

V(t,w)=1

w=g

Vf

V(f,w)=0

w = g*

V(A B,w)=1

xy(Rxyw V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1)

V+

V(A+B,w)=1

xy [ Rxy*w* ( V(A,x*)=1 V(B,y)=1) ]

V+

V(A B,w)=1

xy{Rwxy [V(A,x*) 1 V(B,y)=1]}

V(A B,g)=1

x [V(A,x)=1 V(B,x)=1]

V(A B,w)=1

xy{Rwxy [V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1]}

V(A B,w)=1

xy{Rwxy [V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1] [V(B,x) V(A,y)]=1]}

_3+

z53

9( g d h R 8 _

x CVVC f

$ h

"

= R "v H ("

=H_

r !$ / D g d h R

3E . &'( L ! /$ " 4(_

g d h R

+r +

,r 0 +
1 $

V+

V(A+B,w)=1

/_

+ 0 0 3R ,

+r

_f h R D&

xy [ Rxyw ( V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1) ]

, ? * D 3E . &'( L ! /$
_

$ m

D&_

1 " c7 d _f

" f

, /- 8 _ Dg d h R 8 _

? * D 3E . &'( 6
&_

g d h R jCVV

"

#5

C: ` l i

Wow! I hadn't realized that I made that mistake. The condition should be
a|=A+B iff (b)(c)(b*|=A or c|=B).

= $ * D !3# "

9(

,r g d h R

R
=H_

1 ("

_f

$ L ! /$

_ 8 /0 D} D&_

+rt g d h R ,r 0 +
f + t 0 W f ._ R " $

+ 0 0 3R
q

Vt

V(t,w)=1

xy {Rwxy pVariables [V(p,x)=1 V(p,y)=1]}

Vf

V(f,w)=1

xy (Rxyw pVariables [V(p,x)=1 V(p,y*)=1] )

xy {Rwxy pVariables [V(p,x)=1 V(p,y)=1]}

"

h R !*+ "

b_

$ 8_

A!$

8_ ? #
* w

lb +

xy {Rwxy AFormulas [V(A,x)=1 V(A,y)=1]}

= R g +
,

&'(

"

j&'(

$ xZ

+ x Z !Z $ L _

+ !Z $

f } j&'(
=H ("

# 0

D # i`
+ !Z $
"v

t + p ( p

0 Zg d w

(_ ,+

0W f

+xZ

3!

#L _

D # i `a !$

p)`

3!

x[V(B,x)=1 V(A,x)=1]

R g d

/8 l

R.

_ l
2_ l

G$?

$ 3!l

B A

$ 3!l

B A `a !$

B1 Bn A

$ 3!l

`a !$

# ,rf g

R g d

+ 3!

, (" H0 + H_

>M
# ,rf g

3!

D8 (o H0 =H (" "v $ (

3! 2_ l ! =H_f m H9 8 _

R g d

d 8_

* 8 !R

0`

_ D? # 8 /0

A`

(l_
# ,rf g

x[V(B1 Bn,x)=1 V(A,x)=1]

(l_

x + xn D === Dx1 0

(l_

A&
B1;;Bn A

[Rx1xnx V(B1,x1)=1 V(Bn,xn)=1] V(A,x)=1

(l_ R g d

# ,rf g

B1Bn

x{V(B1,x)=1 V(Bn,x)=1] V(A,x)=1}

$ 3!l

`a !$

A 2'
B1,,Bn A

UC

` l g

B A g d "

/0 }5 02_ l 8 _

= x[V(B,x)=1 V(A,x)=1] 1 $ R lb

3{ D f H0 8 _ 8 !R
`a !$ ` l

$ 8_

3 9r !Z $ ._ R f

" _ 0L ! /$

1 _f

0`a !$

"
! /$

- 0 ZA B

$ !3 ,r, 0 Y#+

(! 0 V g *

$ '

k * D8 (o H0 = R 0 Z g 8 / , 9; f f
g 8 / , 9; f f

"

"Y

f H0 , 0

0 xRgxxf

1 V(A B,g)=1

2 xy{Rgxy [V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1]}

3 y{Rgxy [V(A,x)=1 V(B,y)=1]}

|Y5

4 Rgxx [V(A,x)=1 V(B,x)=1]

|Y5

!Z $ h R

5 Rgxx

A \b +

6 [V(A,x)=1 V(B,x)=1]

7 x[V(A,x)=1 V(B,x)=1]

l
= $
>* +,

= R

3!l ,r 0 # /0
= R

3!l 0 # /0

$^

$d %

,0

G$?

$ 3!l R !Z $ L _

`a !$ _ `

L_

$ 3!l R &'(

`a !$ _ `

L_

>" " H
(A

(A

B))
(A
B)
1H (" 3{ (A (A B))

B)

" Dg `

V(A

2
3

xy{Raxy [V(A,x)=1 V(A B,y)=1]}

xy{Raxy [V(A,x)=1
vw(Ryvw (V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1)]}

U:

(A

(A

B),a)=1

3! 3{

1, 0
y
V
V

xw{y(Raxy Ryxw) [V(A,x)=1 V(B,w)=1]}

xw{Raxxw [V(A,x)=1 V(B,w)=1]}

Raxw

Rxxx

Raxw Rxxx

Raxxw

: 0 $ &'(
K lb

9o R 2_ l
y

l i !Z $ h R
P+
lb

9o R 2_ l

10 Raxw Raxxw

QR

11 xw{Raxw [V(A,x)=1 V(B,w)=1]}

V+N

12 V(A

B,a)=1

>
( A

,r

( B

} ,r #

C ))

( A B

$ g d

k * 8_

C)

A "

lb + 0

" H ("
1^

( B

"H

{ $
+

"

$g d

lb +
A

V[ ( A

C )) , a ] = 1

xy{Raxy [V(A,x)=1 V(B

xy{Raxy [V(A,x)=1 vw(Ryvw (V(B,v)=1 V(C,w)=1)]}

C 3! 2_ l

xy{Raxy vw [V(A,x)=1 (Ryvw (V(B,v)=1 V(C,w)=1)]}

: 0` /6 &'(

xyvw {Raxy [V(A,x)=1 (Ryvw (V(B,v)=1 V(C,w)=1)]}

K 0` /6 &'(

xvw y {Raxy [V(A,x)=1 (Ryvw (V(B,v)=1 V(C,w)=1)]}

N 0` /6 &'(

xvw{y(Raxy Ryvw) { [V(A,x)=1 V(B,v=1] V(C,w)=1)}}

0` /6 &'(

xvw{Raxvw { [V(A,x)=1 V(B,v)=1] V(C,w)=1)}}

V[ ( A B

10

xy{Raxy [V(A B,x)=1 V(C,y)=1]}

U 3! 2_ l

11

xy{Raxy [vw(Rvwx V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

V 3! 2_ l

12

xy{Raxy vw[(Rvwx V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

0` /6 &'(

13

xyvw {Raxy [(Rvwx V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

C 0` /6 &'(

14

yvwx {Raxy [(Rvwx V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

: 0` /6 &'(

15

yvw {x(Raxy Rvwx) [ V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

K 0` /6 &'(

16

yvw {Ravwy [ V(A,v)=1 V(B,w)=1) V(C,y)=1]}

3! 2_ l

C,y)=1]}

P lb

9o R 2_ l
A

C),a]=1

N lb

9o R 2_ l

UK

= _r

$r U +

0 '$ f H0 D

0 '$ f H0

;
> %"H

(A

B)

(A

H (" 3{ (P

(A

Q)

B))

(P

+ g d g `a !$

(P

A ,r

Q))

lb + L _

" Dg `

"H0 ,

, 3 3!l 3{
#L _

1, 0

" 8 _ 3{

= R ]v" ,r #
+ Rabc 1H R

!R + R

!R

c + b Da Dg

H_

_fi

$ ]v" a

#+

$ g da

P " 4 rf

g
P

Q "

/P

#5

lb + 9o " _

Q D, (" = (R g d 0

j= $ ]v " c

8 _ = $ ]v " g

Q Y#+ j $ g d } Q

!Z $
+ ]v " c

lb + _ $
Q

(P

q
$ g db

#+

Q) 8 _

?5

$ g d P " !lb + 0

3{ D. &'( L ! /$

" D _f

P + Rabc

( $ ]v " a
_fi

= 0 4!
f

Q+P

$ g d
(P

Q)

0 } !$ + 0 f H0
1 $

0 7k l

R(ab)cd R(ba)cd R(ac)bd R(ca)bd R(bc)ad R(cb)ad

Ra(bc)d Rb(ac)d Ra(cb)d Rc(ab)d Rb(ca)d Rc(ba)d .

Rabc R(aa)bc,
Rabc Ra(ab)c,
Rabc R(ab)ac,

Rabc Rb(aa)c,
Rabc R(ba)ac,
Rabc Ra(ba)c,

Rabc R(bb)ac,
Rabc Rb(ba)c,
Rabc R(ba)bc,

Rabc Ra(bb)c,
Rabc R(ab)bc,
Rabc Rb(ab)c,

Rabc R(ab)cc,
Rabc Ra(bc)c,
Rabc R(bc)ac,

Rabc R(ba)cc,
Rabc Rb(ac)c,
Rabc R(ac)bc,

Rabc Rc(ba)c,
Rabc R(cb)ac,
Rabc Ra(cb)c,

Rabc Rc(ab)c,
Rabc R(ca)bc,
Rabc Rb(ca)c,

R(ab)cd R(ac)(bc)d,
R(ab)cd R(ac)(cb)d,

R(ab)cd R(ca)(cb)d,
R(ab)cd R(ca)(bc)d,

R(ab)cd R(cb)(ca)d,
R(ab)cd R(cb)(ac)d,

UN

2 V
R * +,
1 (! 0 A'( H 5 L _ f ? R + ) A ^
(A

B)

(~B

B iff

~B

$ ,
,r ) A ^

,r ) A ^
,

~ A ) 1) A ^

, *

1) A ^

~A

g d

k*

) A^

9( +

Dg d `

L _) A^

D QR`

D QR`

$ _ k*

0 g d f D) A ^

L _,

$ 8 / D

*D _ 3

* 8_

(D $ 3

, *

, *

k * f 9( D) A ^

+ 6 D) A ^
"

* + ) A ^

(
*

$ ,
= $

k* D _ k*
R 3g d

,r " H $

Rf

2 lb A'(

rH (" + 6 _ k *

) A^

?d R

=H
R = R+ + DN
+ Cont

~~A
A

* + ?d 8 /0 9( D) A
) * 8 _ D8 /0
) *
= R

B iff

~A

DB 2 lb
" 3{

} 2 lb , *,-

~B

&'( /; f D.

,-

) *

) * + ("

*,

D?d + 8 _ L /"

) * 8_

g d ,r

0&'( f

0-=

) A^

, -

=
) *

?d " R . &'(

R * +,
i gKh C
A B =\ ~ ( A

~B)

2Q 2_ l

A B =\ ~ ( ~ A ~ B )
C
(A
(B C))
(B
(A
B
(A
B)
((C
A) (C
DNI A
~~A
DNE ~ ~ A
A
Cont (A
B)
(~ B
~ A)
A
~(A
~A)
CI

C))
B))

_;
j

mi

2 k ) A

]b

0 q

0 /

) *

) A^

?d + 2Q f

+ (

QR

2 k ) A |Y5
-f $

` d

` d

n | #+

| #+

2_ l ? * | #+

?d + " (l 8 _

/0 ?d 3{ D /

D,r e _

(l

(f W + S

l ?d

?d + 2Q

| #+

QR

D + D\/; +

?d + 2Q

_Ym L

((" 3{

(_ `+

D | #+ ?d + 2Q D. &'(

=H (" "v - ;
| #+ S b

?d + 2Q
= (0

D+ 8 _ f +

" :

;+ (o

&_ + & D

2 ?@

_ l

?d 2_ l

1
= $ . &'(

f O5E

(_ +

b
b

` d H_ _}-

` d

_ k * /0 _ 9(

0?d 3{ + = $ 2 k ) A 8

(_
(

$
/

QR

!$ (f A

*f

= $ DCI D
"

}- = 0 / 4 !

"

}- _ -

Z) A R g d A - _ -

CI ?d D8 _

= $
) AA

}- - 1

b L _ 0+

(l

D&

9_

-f $ + ) * (!

d 8_ +

$ | #+ } &
-f $ H0

}- - D+ 8 _ f = ("

A B 2_ l D^ m= $

( $

Q
k

D8 _ ( = $

+
_ L_

Z R

,
,

k5 "

3 B+A

(l

-f $
9o ! f

3 B+A " 0
-f $

(_

8_ 0
Q

$ g d
(_ H4(m

4! B

4! B
(l

~(A

= $

UP

9o

}-

$ ,r \/4# l

8_ 0
-f $

-f $

Z ) A }!

-f $ (l_

(l

_ L_ 0

CI ?d

}- ) A
~B)

-f $

2 k ) A, *

" D| #+ } &_

(l , +r $

(_ H R
1H (" ` / ,r2_ l

AB

=\

~(~A~B)

=\
=

~~(~A
~A B

H_ * &'( +}# Q R , /0
}

&

"

~~B)

'

QR - 1

- 4 ! DH_ * &'(

&

(l

Q R f7 H9 z 63

= $ H_ * &'(

D R 4!

?d + 2Q D Q R
9r f + 0

* ` d + H (" 8 _} _ ; W + S f

2 k ) A

1H ("
Bacon (~ A

D( ~ A

~ ~ ~ B)

~ B)

L 8 _ D 3E ^ "+
8 _ D _f

0W + f

(B

(B

D| #+

DH_
, /0 | #+

2 ?@

0s t
-f $

) * ` d f

" :

?d 8 _

l ?d
$

"

( s t k A ` d 9( , (

S b

?d $

) A^

!$ _f ?d L f D?d $
A)

?d

S b

A) DCont_ ) A ^

m, A ? #

8_ f

2 k ) A |Y5

~ A)

` d D?3*

0`

1H (" "v. &'(

DNI A
~~A
DNE ~ ~ A
A
Cont (A
B)
(~ B

W+S

4!

D +

Z\ `@

i gkV j ,9

" 4 r f =H_ " L

m,

D. &'(

DH_ o D8 _ ( 0

D8 (/0

?d L _

|Y5 ?d L DL $7 " &'(

"
4!

_ " L $7 " &'(

2 k ) A, *
1H (" , 3;

(s t
/ ?d
A

D. &'(

D _ 9(

?d D(~ A

D8

~ ~ ~ B)

(B

A) DBacon =

= 0 4! ` d _$
&'(

D _ 9(

D8

+ ?d D( ~ ~ ~ A

~ B)

(B

A)D Bacon2 =C

= 0 4 ! ` d _ $ D.
l DDNI D) A ^

D2 k ) A

|Y5 D(~ A

~ B)

(B

A) DCont_ =:

=A
D2 k ) A |Y5 DDNE D) A ^

|Y5 D(~ A

~ B)

(B

~~A

A) DCont_ =K

=~ ~ A
l DDNI D o ) A ^

D2 k ) A

D(~ A

B)

(~ B

A) DContL =N

=A
) A |Y5 DDNE

D $ ) A ^

D(A

~ B)

(B

l DDNE DDNI

l D(A

D) A ^
=~ ~ A

B)

A+A

~~A

~ A) DContR =

=~ ~A
+

(~ B

A D2 k
~ A) DCont+ =P

~ ~ A D2 k ) A |Y5

1 Y
1 " 2_ l ]Y" + g d S
A =\

~A =\

1H R

+}

f)

F
A
((A f)

]v " 7 "

(l

) A S + 8_

f+F

A ^ m= $ F

_ k* f

_f

A ` l A D $

Z = $ A,

]v"

(l

` d

) AS

_ D

* F
~A

d 8_

A " 4 rf

$ A,

#5
1H_

UU

"

_ A _f

DNI

~~A

DNE ~ ~ A
Cont

(A

A
B)

A
A
(~ B

(A

~ A)

(A

B)

2 k ) A

2 k ) A |Y5

A
B)

( B

(A

A A

~A ~~A

A A

) *

3{ ? * . &'(

8_

A A

9R / ) * ,

=
$ 8 _ D
7 " _
D $ m+

8_

D A

. &'(

(0 ,

9R ) *

D 0`

9R n ?d D8 _

+7 =

) * 8 _ D+ 8 _ f $

A D2 k ) A |Y5

, _ ( D (! ]v" 7 " " H_

_f .Z

_ _ k * /0 =

"

3!

? # =C

}- 0 (l_ A A 1 R H 0 Z D,r 3!

$ g d _

2 lb z #{&R Q

9R Q R

3E ^ "+

z #{&R Q

A ~A

QR

) A^

A)

B)

= $ 9r, 3 k *
'

v"

"

0 }- " 4 r f =]v "

= (! 0 3!l 2 k ) A |Y5 + A A `
! -s m k * f D2_ l

$ 3{ ? * A A ?d D` 5 8 _

( _f

= _r

(A

F)((A

F)

=:

F)

CR * +,
+

0z 6 "

s t , /0 CR =

!Z $

A'( D

! /$

jClassical Relevant Logici CR

=EFQ + _ k * ) A ^

CR = R+

CR = R

+ DN
+ RCont

q57

D UP:

+ + _

&'( 8 _ 9r = $ !t

*+2 k ) A

/0

$R

3E

~~A

+ EFQ

A B iff
A~A
B

+ EFQ

A~A

~B

~A

VV

# 8 _ = R
_f

3{

$r D) A ^

d 8_ = +

D, -

CR

"

* "

(" ;
f H0 3{
1H_ +r

1NP x UP:

CR = R

+ DNE

~~A

+ Antilogism

* + D`+

1H (" 3{ +

* b
(

AC

~ C iff

"D

~~C

EFQ + 2 k ) A

~(AB)

(~A~B)

AC

A(~A~B)

AC

(A~A)~B

AC

~B~B

AC

~B

1+
~A ~B

l +) A^

* b ,0

~A A

~~B

~A A

A ~A

EFQ , 0

~A

1+

2 k ) A

*,0

~A
~~A

~~A

1+

f H0 3{

~(AB)

~~C

* b

~C

A A

~B

d + 8_

1`+
A B

2 k ) A |Y5

A B

+ + _

) A^

*,0

~~B

TA

~~B

T~B
~B

CR = R

~A

~A

1 #$ 8 _

A
B~B
A~A
B

+ EQT
+ EFQ

+2 k A, *

"D d

d 8_

f H0 3{

1H (" 3{ ) A ^
DN
RCont

~~A
A

B iff

~B

~A

1, 0
1.

~~A

~~A

2.

~~A

~AA

EQT

3.

~~A

~~A(~AA)

C+

4.

~~A

(~~A~A)A

5.

~~A

AA

6.

~~A

1.

2.

~A~~A

EQT

3.

A(~A~~A)

C+

4.

(A~A)~~A

5.

~~A~~A

6.

~~A

B iff

1.

2.

~B

: 2 lb s tm
K EFQ
N

: 2 lb s tm
K EFQ
N

~B

~A

|
~B

VC

C+

3.

A~B

B~B

4.

A~B

~A

5.

~A

6.

~A(A~B)

7.

~B

~B

8.

~B

A~A

9.

~B

~B(A~A)

10.

~B

(~BA)~A

11.

~B

~A(A~B)

12.

~B

~A

: EFQ

~A

N+K

~A

EQT

+P
U 2 lb s tm
V _4 ;
+
18

CR = R

1 _ + ,+ 3 ;

QR
(

A
(B
C~C)
~(A B)~AB
A~A
B

+
+
+ EFQ

= (! 0 _ f `+ ?d

A + + ?d

_f $

d 8_
CR* * +,

!R ) A S + DH
+ _

H 5 8 _ =R

) AS +
rH 0 ,

R~ + CR

CR* =\

R+

"

;+ CR &'(

$ 8_
_ + CR

` d

CR &'( Dc7 'd

CR* =\

18

D,r

f $& *

CR ) * +

) *

"c ' D

" ! R !
` d
8 #+

R ) *

(Rr /

_ 1H R
UPK

- =

+
CR*

1 R H0 Z

+ DN

~~A

+ Cont

(A

B)

+ DN

(~ B

~ A)

S. Giambrone and R. K. Meyer, 1989 Completeness and conservative extension results for some
Boolean relevant logics, Studia Logica, vol. XLVIII

V:

+ RCont

A B iff
AA
B

+ EFQ

= (

# ) *

/ + , -

/ + 8_ D

) *
+

+ 8 _ P x CVVV ` !$ i =
_

0 CR &'(

,-

&'(

CR + R "

,-

#+

= (" /

k*

$
?d " 4 rf

* ,-

) * D

= _ s _}

3 k* R

?_ 3

) *

$ 8_ " 8_

"
3

! R

3 k * CR

?_ 3

?#

) A^

k5 "

CR + R L _ 0 W ! - D

) * + # ) * ,

` d 8_

) * + " ,-

) * ` d , +} D _ 3

Dc7 'd

# ) * +

, -

) A S + 8_ f L _ 0

R ! - CR*

w !5

! - } 2 lb

# ) * ` d , +} + (" / k *

/D

j=
R / 3$

_ k* "

"

CR f

Rf

0R

$ w !5

3"

! 8 _ _ D _ H 0 Z 0 l " , (o = $
=

L $7 " Q R " H
DH_
) *

=H (" }_ /! H0 f

) AS +

" 4 rf

" _ 0

/0 D

d 8 /0

L $7 "

Z+

A ) A,

=H R
R

$ 3

!R L $7 " Q R S +

_ 8_ (

+ # H *+

2_ l

L $7 "

0
QR

AB

=\

~AB

=\

AB

AB

=\

(AB)(BA)

A=B

=\

(A

B)(B

AB

=\

~(A~B)

AB

=\

(A

B)

AB

=\

~AB

AB

=\

=\

p ( p p )

=\

p ( p

=\

p ( p ~ p )

=\

p ( p p )

1 $

* }

,-

$ $ ( 4(_
@ " f

H A,-

,-

(o

Q R+

A)

2'
?@

'

0
#

p)

=\
=\

/ *

p p

g d

p p

]Y"

(H A 8 /0
'

VK

~A+B
=\

(A

B)(B

A B

=\

~(A

~B)

A+B

=\

~A

=\

p ( p

=\

p ( p ~ p )

B
p)

W + " D+ 8 _ f +
*

0+m

A)

Q R+

=\

(A

B)(B

A B

=\

(A

B)

A + B

=\

=\

p ( p

p)

g d

=\

p ( p p )

]Y"

_ . &'(

L_S b

QR

A + B

#
$ f

A)

2'
?@

' H *
L _ D 0

R
8_

5 8! _
=
CR

1 # L $7 " Q R
CR

A B

CR

+ d

3b

* =

(B

C)

1, 0
1.

CR

A B

2.

CR

B A

3.

CR

B A

4.

CR

B C

5.

CR

6.

CR

7.

CR

;
C ,
:

K,S

(B C)

N ,

(B C)
(B

* b

2_ l

C)

1 # ) * |Y5 +
CR

(AB)

CR

(BC)

CR

(AB)

CR

* =C

(BC)

=?3*

VN

* L /"

1, 0

1 Af
CR

CR

# ) * |Y5

* =:

B
(A B)

=
_f

CR

( T A ) 1 k * 8 _ + ?3*

" /b

Q R

* L /"

QR

1, 0

f z6
1 " H 0 Z 3{

1j _ k * i #
CR

CR

1 +r $
A

CR

CR*
R

B
B

CR

CR*

CR

A
A
A

Q R + /b Q R

H /l CR*

/9 4 ! D,rf D

H0 =K

Z H 5
1 Z H 5

1 Z H 5 H /l

B
B

r (R

1j 0`
CR

(A

B)

(A

B)

CR

(A

B)

(A

B)

i #

r R

Q R + /b Q R

14!

0 / * B+A -

Q R+ # ) *

H0

=N

* A - =

CR* A

CR*

~A

r R

Q R+ # ) *

* A - =P

r R

Q R+ # ) *

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c ,

1.

Ackermann, W.

1956

Begrndung einer strengen Implikation, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 21,

pp. 113-128.

2.

Anderson, A. R.,

1958

A modification of Ackermanns rigorous implication (abstract),

Journal of Symbolic Logic, 23

1959

Modalities in Ackermann's `RigorousImplication.'. Journal of Symbolic

Logic, 24:107.111.

1961

Enthymemes.. Journal of Philosophy,58:713.723.

1962

The Pure Calculus of Entailment, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 27, pp. 1952.

1962

"Tautological Entailments". Philosophical Studies,13:9.24.

1975

Entailment: the logic of relevance and necessity, vol. I, Princeton, NJ.

1992

Entailment: the logic of relevance and necessity, vol. II, Princeton, NJ

& N. Belnap
3.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

4.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

5.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

6.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

7.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

8.

Anderson, A. R.,

with J. M. Dunn

& N. Belnap
9.

Belnap, N. D.

1960

Entailment and relevance, journal of Symbolic Logic, 25

10.

Belnap, N. D.

1962

Tonk, plonk, and plink, Analysis, 22

11.

Belnap, N. D.

1982

Display logic, journal of Philosophical Logic, 11:357417.

12.

Belnap, N. D.

1989

Foreword, Dedicatory Note on Alan Anderson in Norman, J. & Sylvan,

R., Directions in Relevant logic, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers.

13.

Brady, R. T.

1984

Natural deduction systems for some quantified relevant logics, loique et

Analyse, 27

14.

Church, A.

1951

Minimal Logic (abstract), Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16

15.

Church, A.

1951

The weak positive implicational propositional calculus (abstract),

Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16

16.

Copeland, B. J.

1979

On when a semantica is not a semantics: some reasons for disliking the

Routley-Meyer semantics for relevance logic, Journal of Philosophical
Logic, 8, PP. 399-413.

17.

Dosen, Kosta

1992

The first aximatization of a relevant logic, Journal of Philosophical

Logic, 21, pp. 339-356.

18.

Dunn, J. M.

1986

Relevant Logic and Entailment, in Handbook of Philosophical Logic,

CCC

vol.III: Alternatives to Classical Logic, ed. D. Guenthner and D. Gabbay

(Dordrerecht)
19.

Dunn, J. M.

1993

Star and Perp: Two Treatments of Negation, In JAMES E.

TOMBERLIN, editor, Philosophical Perspectives, volume 7, pages
331.357. Ridgeview Publishing Company, Atascadero, California,.

20.

Dunn J. M.

2002

Relevance Logic, in Dov M. Gabbay and Franz Guenther (editors)

,Handbook of Philosophical Logic, volume 6, pp. 1-136, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, second edition.

& Greg Restall

21.

Fine, K.

1974

Models for entailment, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 3

22.

Fitch, F. B.

1949

A further consistent exteqzsion of basic logic, journal of Symbolic

Logic,1 . 14, pp. 209-218.

23.

Fuhermann, A. T.

1989

Gentzen semantics for De Morgan lattice logic Bullettin of the Section of

Logic, Polish Academy of Sciences, 15

24.

Giambrone S.

1989

Completeness and conservative extension results for some Boolean

relevant logics, Studia Logica, vol. XLVIII

& R. K. Meyer
25.

Goldblatt, Robert

1974

Semantic Analysis of Orthologic. Journal of Philosophical

Logic,3:19.35. Reprinted as Chapter 3 of Mathematics of Modality
1993

26.

Hodges, Wilfrid

2001

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Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic, Oxford: Blackwell, , p. 34.

27.

Hack, Susan

1978

Philosophy of Logics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

28.

Kripke, S.

1959a

' Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic', Journal of Symbolic Logic 24

(1959), 1-14.

29.

Kripke, S.

1959b

The problem of Entailment (abstract), Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24 p.

324 (received 21 December )

30.

Lemmon, E. J.

1957

New Foundations for Lewis Modal Systems, The Journal of Symbolic

Logic, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 176-186.

31.

Lewis, C. I.

1932

Symbolic Logic, New York

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32.

Mares, Edwin
David

2002

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Logic, Oxford: Blackwell, , pp 609-627

33.

Mares, Edwin
David

2004

Relevant Logic, A Philosophical Interpretation, Cambridge, Cambridge

university

34.

Mares, Edwin
2001
David & Robert
K. Meyer

"Relevant Logics" in Lou Goble (ed.), The Blackwell Guide to

Philosophical Logic, Oxford: Blackwell, , pp 280-308

35.

Mccall, S.

Connexive implication, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 31

CC:

1966

36.

Meyer, R. K.

1970

E and S4, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic,11: pp. 181-199.

37.

Meyer, R. K.

1971

(Abstract), Logics Contained in R, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 36

(1971), 366.

38.

Meyer, R. K.

1973

Conserving Positive Logics, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic,14:

pp. 224-236.

39.

Meyer, R. K.

1973

Intuitionism, Entailment, Negation, In H. LEBLANC, editor, Truth,

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40.

Meyer, R. K.

1973

Classical Relevant Logics I. Studia Logica, 32: 5166.

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41.

Meyer, R. K.

1974

New axiomatics for relevant logics - I. Journal of Philosophical Logic,

3: 53-86.

42.

Meyer, R. K.

1974

Classical Relevant Logics II. Studia Logica, 33: 183194.

1986

Logic on the Australian plan, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 15

& F. R. Routley
43.

Meyer, R. K.
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44.

Myhill, John

1953

On the Interpretation of the Sign `', The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol.
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45.

Norman, J. &
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1989

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46.

Priest & Sylvan

1992

A Symplified Semantics for Basic Relevant Logics, Journal of

Philosophical Logic, 21, pp.

47.

Priest, Graham

1990

Boolean Negation and all that in the JPL in 1990 (Volume 19, Number 2
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48.

Priest, Graham

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An Introduction to Non-Classical Logics, Cambridge, Cambridge

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49.

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2006

"Boolean Negation", Chapter 5 of Doubt Truth to be a Liar , OUP.

50.

Priest, Graham

2006

Doubt Truth to be a Liar, OUP

51.

Prior A. N.

1960

The runabout inference ticket, Analysis, 21

52.

Prior A. N.

1964

Conjunction and contonktion revisited, Analysis, 24

53.

Read, Stephen

1988

Relevant Logic. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.

54.

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1999

Negation in Relevant Logics: How I stopped worrying and learned to love

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Restall, Greg

1998

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CCK

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Relevant and Substructural Logics pages 289398 in the Handbook of

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57.

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An Introduction to Substructural Logics. Routledge.

58.

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The semantics of entailment (III), Journal of Philosophical Logic, 1:

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60.

Stevenson, J. T.

1961

Roundabout the runabout inference ticket, Analysis, 21

61.

Wagner, S.

1981

Tonk, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 22

CCN

\ $A
{r _ $
h

$
{r 8 _

!$

#$ z 5 3 f
1H ("

R
" 4 rf =

"v ! -s mYZ[ + \ (

/0

$ 9 s t 8_
!-

"

* S;

{r f

D l;

{r8 _ DS7 Q _}

1.

Ackermann, W.

1956

Begrndung einer strengen Implikation, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 21,

pp. 113-128.

2.

Ackermann, W.

1958

ber die Beziehung zwischen strikter und strenger Implikation.

Dialectica, 12, 213-222.

3.

Anderson, A. R.,

1958

A modification of Ackermanns rigorous implication (abstract),

Journal of Symbolic Logic, 23

1959

Modalities in Ackermann's `RigorousImplication.'. Journal of Symbolic

Logic, 24:107.111.

1961

Enthymemes.. Journal of Philosophy,58:713.723.

1962

The Pure Calculus of Entailment, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 27, pp. 1952.

1962

"Tautological Entailments". Philosophical Studies,13:9.24.

1975

Entailment: the logic of relevance and necessity, vol. I, Princeton, NJ.

1992

Entailment: the logic of relevance and necessity, vol. II, Princeton, NJ

& N. Belnap
4.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

5.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

6.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

7.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

8.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

9.

Anderson, A. R.,
& N. Belnap

with J. M. Dunn

10.

Belnap, N. D.

1960

Entailment and relevance, journal of Symbolic Logic, 25

11.

Belnap, N. D.

1962

Tonk, plonk, and plink, Analysis, 22

12.

Belnap, N. D.

1981

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13.

Belnap, N. D.

1982

Display logic, journal of Philosophical Logic, 11:357417.

14.

Belnap, Nuel

1989

Foreword, Dedicatory Note on Alan Anderson in Norman, J. & Sylvan,

R., Directions in Relevant logic, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers.

CC

15.

Brady, R. T.

1984

Natural deduction systems for some quantified relevant logics, loique et

Analyse, 27

16.

Church, A.

1951

Minimal Logic (abstract), Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16

17.

Church, A.

1951

The weak positive implicational propositional calculus (abstract),

Journal of Symbolic Logic, 16

18.

Church, A.

1951

The weak theory of implication, Kontrolliertes

Denken,
Uuntersuchungen
zum
Logikkalkl
und
zur
Logik
der
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19.

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1979

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Routley-Meyer semantics for relevance logic, Journal of Philosophical
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20.

Copeland, B. J.

1983

Pure semantics and applied semantics, Topoi, 2

21.

Copeland, B. J.

1986

What is a semantics for classical negation?, Mind, 95

22.

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1963

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23.

Dosen, Kosta

1992

The first aximatization of a relevant logic, Journal of Philosophical

Logic, 21, pp. 339-356.

24.

Dunn, J. M.

1986

Relevant Logic and Entailment, in Handbook of Philosophical Logic,

vol.III: Alternatives to Classical Logic, ed. D. Guenthner and D. Gabbay
(Dordrerecht)

25.

Dunn, J. M.

1993

Star and Perp: Two Treatments of Negation, In JAMES E.

TOMBERLIN, editor, Philosophical Perspectives, volume 7, pages
331.357. Ridgeview Publishing Company, Atascadero, California,.

26.

Dunn J. M.

2002

Relevance Logic, in Dov M. Gabbay and Franz Guenther (editors)

,Handbook of Philosophical Logic, volume 6, pp. 1-136, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, second edition.

& Greg Restall

27.

Fine, K.

1974

Models for entailment, Journal of Philosophical Logic, 3

28.

Fitch, F. B.

1949

A further consistent exteqzsion of basic logic, journal of Symbolic

Logic,1 . 14, pp. 209-218.

29.

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1952

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1966

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31.

Fuhermann, A. T.

1989

Gentzen semantics for De Morgan lattice logic Bullettin of the Section of

Logic, Polish Academy of Sciences, 15

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CCP

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35.

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The consistency of elementary number theory, The Collected Papers of

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39.

Gdel, K.

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1969

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