ME 218: SOLID MECHANICS LABORATORY

I M PACT TE S T O N
M E TA L S PE C IM E N
EXPERIMENT NO.2(A)

BATCH: A8
07010042-07010046
 I M PAC T T E S T O N M E T A L
SPECIMEN
EXPERIMENT NO.2(A)

AIM

To study the impact resistance of metals using Impact testing machine of the Charpy type.

E Q U I P M E N T A N D T OO L S

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN USED:

1. Impact testing machine.

2. scale.
3. Standard charpy specimens.
4. Furnace and thermocouple.
5. Liquid nitrogen.

T H OE RY

Impact strength is defined as the resistance of the materials to shock. The impact testing is to
find out the energy absorbed by a specimen when brought to fracture by hammer blow and gives a
quality of the material, particularly its brittleness. Highly brittle materials have low impact strength.
Heat treatment of metals has found to lower impact considerably. Temperature also influences
impact strength of the materials.

The area under the stress strain curve in a static tensile test is measure of the energy absorbed per
unit volume of the material, called the modules of toughness. This is also a measure of the impact
strength of the material. The impact load can be applied in many ways. Allowing a standard mass to
fall on the specimen from progressively increasing heights until fracture occurs tests rails and framed
structural members. For Laboratory Charpy and Izod impact tests are used. Both the tests employ
beam type of specimen. Charpy test the specimen is supported as a simply supported beam and in
Izod test a cantilever type of beam support. These notched specimens are fractured with a standard
blow from a pendulum hammer and energy absorbed is measured. In addition to these beam type of
specimen there are also Tension and shear or torsion specimen, which can be used with special type
of testing machines. In any event, the distribution of stress throughout the impact test specimen is
not known and the test results are therefore mainly comparative, even though they have some
correlation with the fracture toughness.

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 P RO C E D U R E

The following procedure has been followed:

 Note down the dimensions of the specimen and find the working area of the specimen
at the place of notch.

 With no specimen on the anvil raise the pendulum to an initial reading R1 in the dial and
release it.

 Note the reading R2 of the dummy pointer on the dial. The difference is the energy loss
due to friction.

 Now place the specimen accurately in position on the anvil.

 Raise the pendulum to the same initial height and release. The pendulum swings to the
other side rupturing the specimen.

 Note the reading R3 on the dummy pointer on the dial.

 Tabulate the readings.

OB S E RVA T I ON S

Dimensions of material:

Length of side without considering notch= 10mm

Length of side considering notch=8.5mm

Area under impact=10x8.5mm2

Aluminium test piece did not break in the impact test at room temperature.

M.S test pieces broke in all impact tests.

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Material Voltage(mV) Temperature Frictional Area of Energy of Impact
(°C) Loss(in specimen(in rupture(in strength
Joules) mm2) Joules) (in
Joule/m2)
Aluminium 0 27 1.4194 10X8.5 42.078 4.783X(105)

M.S. 0 27 1.4194 10X8.5 14.568 1.547X(105)

M.S. 1.2 30 1.4194 10X8.5 35.714 4.035X(105)

M.S. 3.7 86 1.4194 10X8.5 56.419 6.471X(105)

M.S. -3.0 -90 1.4194 10X8.5 2.77598 0.160X(105)

M.S. -2.5 -78 1.4194 10X8.5 5.5919 0.491X(105)

Temperature vs Impact Energy

700000 86, 647100

600000

500000
30, 403500
400000

300000

200000 27, 154700

-78, 49100 100000

-90, 16000
0
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100

Impact Energy

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 N OT E

 M.S. stands for Mild Steel.

 Area of specimen excludes the area of the notch, i.e. the working area of the specimen
(Notch is 1.5 mm deep).

C ON C L U S I O N

Impact Energy of M.S decreases with temperature. This indicates material becomes more brittle
as temperature decreases.

Aluminum is more ductile and hence has higher impact energy than M.S at room temperature.

P R E C AU T I ON S

1. Keep away from the machine during the impact test.

2. The test piece has to be carefully kept so that area of impact is minimized.

3. When the pendulum hammer is loaded at maximum position make sure that it is latched.

D E TA I L S OF T H E S T U D E N T S

ROLL NUMBER NAME

07010042 Repaka Jyoti Swaroop

07010043 Sharath Chandra Pawar

07010044 Puvvada N V Prudhvi Teja

07010045 J G M V Pramod

07010046 Vishnu Narayanan Suresh