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Theory & Concepts:

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Greenshield's Model
Enter values in the cells at the right and
observe the corresponding changes in the
traffic flow graphs.

Enter the Free-Flow speed (A):


70
miles/hour
Enter the Jam Density (A/B):
175
Vehicles/mile
Speed versus Flow
4000

70

70

3500

60

60

3000

50

2500

50
40
30

Flow (q)

80

Speed (v)

Speed (v)

Speed versus Density


80

40
30

2000
1500

20

20

1000

10

10

500

0
0

100
200
Density (k)

300

Graph Calculations:
% of Jam Density (k) Speed (v) Flow (q)
Density k=%*(A/B) v=A-B*K q=k*v
0%
0
70
0
10%
17.5
63
1102.5
20%
35
56
1960
30%
52.5
49
2572.5
40%
70
42
2940
50%
87.5
35
3062.5
60%
105
28
2940
70%
122.5
21
2572.5
80%
140
14
1960
90%
157.5
7
1102.5
100%
175
0
0

1000

2000
Flow (q)

3000

Calculations:
B=A/(A/B)
max flow:
q=A^2/(4*B)

4000

0.4

3062.5

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Free-Flow speed (A):

Flow versus Density


4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0

100
200
Density (k)

300

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