PRIMEIRA LISTA DE INTRODUO AO CLCULO

Sabemos que:
1- Produtos notveis:
a) (a + b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 b) (a b) 2 = a 2 2ab + b 2
c)
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
2
2
(a + b) = a + 3a b + 3ab + b d) (a b) = a 3a b + 3ab b 3
e) (a + b)(a b) = a 2 b 2
2- Casos de fatorao:
a) Fator comum: 4 xy 2 + 12 x 2 y = 4 xy ( y + 3 x)
b) Agrupamento: 8 x 3 y + 12 xyz + 2 x 2 z + 3 z 3 = 2 x 2 (4 xy + z ) + 3 z (4 xy + z ) =
(2 x 2 + 3 z )(4 xy + z )
c) Diferena de dois quadrados: 4 x 2 9 y 2 = (2 x + 3 y )(2 x 3 y )
d) Trinmio quadrado perfeito: a 2 + 2ab + b 2 = ( a + b) 2
a 2 2ab + b 2 = (a b) 2
e) a 3 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 b 3 = (a b) 3
g ) a 3 b 3 = (a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 )
f) a 3 + b 3 = (a + b)(a 2 ab + b 2 )
Fatore as expresses:
01. 2ax 6a 2 02. x 3 y + xy 3 xy 03. ( x + y ) + 2 x( x + y ) 04. a ( x + y ) + x + y
05. 3 x( x + 1) x 1 06. (a + 1) 2 + a + 1 07. 5(a 2) 2 a + 2 08. 2acx 4acy + 2bdy bdx
09. x 2 + 7 x + 12 10. x 2 + 3 x + 2 11. x 2 + 4 x 5 12. x 2 + x 2
13. mx 2 + 2mxy + my 2 + nx 2 + 2nxy + ny 2 14. a 2 b 2 1 15. 2m 2 n 2 xy 2 2 xy 2
16. 3(a + b c) 3(a b + c)
2

5 x 2 + 5 xy
19.
3x 2 3 y 2

2ax 8 x
17. 2
a 8a + 16

9y5 4y
20.
6 y 2 b 2 4b 2

(6a 2 b 6b 3 ) x 4 y
18.
(2ab + 2b 2 ) x 2 y

b 2 + b 20
21. 2
b b 30

22. (4 x + 5 y ) 2 + (3 x 2 y ) 2

( m + n) 2
23. (a 2 )(a + 2 ) 24. (2 xy ab 2 )(2 xy + ab 2 ) 25.
mn
4
26. (a + b) 3 a 3 b 3 27. (2 x y ) 3 28. 27 x 3 + 8 y 3 29. a 6 x 3 64b 3 y 6
30. a 3 27
Respostas: 01.
2ax(1 7 ay ) 02. xy ( x 2 + y 2 1) 03. ( x + y )(2 x 1) 04. ( x + y )(a + 1) 05. (3 x 1)( x + 1)
06. (a + 1)(a + 2) 07. (a 2)(5a 11) 08. ( x 2 y )(2ac bd ) 09. ( x + 3)( x + 4) 10. ( x + 2)( x + 1)
11. ( x + 5)( x 1) 12. ( x + 2)( x 1) 13. (m + n)( x + y ) 2 14. (ab + 1)(ab 1)
2x
2
18. 3 x 2 (a b) 19.
15. 2 xy (mn + 1)(mn 1) 16. 12a (b c ) 17.
a4
2
y (3 y + 2)
b4
20.
21.
22. 25 x 2 + 28 xy + 25 y 2 23. a 2 m 2 y 2 n
2
b6
2b
mn 2
2 4
2 2
25. (
) 26. 3ab(a + b) 27. (2 x y ) 3
24. 4 x y 2a b
2
2
2
28. (3x + 2 y )(9 x 6 xy + 4 y ) 29. (a 2 x 4by 2 )(a 4 x 2 + 4a 2 bxy 2 + 16b 2 y 4 )
30. (a 3)(a 2 + 3a + 9)
m 1

m 1