Nurul Arfah Che Mustapha nurularfah@yahoo.

com

Workshops Objectives 2. PSpice Introduction 3. Introduction to PSpice tutorial 4. PSpice Tutorial

1.

Workshops Objectives

Workshops Objectives
1. To educate & introduce PSpice in basic level 2. To familiarized with the PSpice environment: Design components Analysis types Output Display 3. To able student use PSpice for circuit design &

simulations 4. Most important:

to gather as much info & tips to use this tools

Introduction to PSpice

Spice Circuit Simulation

Spice = Simulation Program for Integrated Circuit Emphasis
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.

Developed at UC Berkeley in the 60s Common SPICEs include HSPICE, PSPICE, LTSpice and B2SPICE. It takes a circuit netlist and performs mathematical simulation of the circuit's behavior. A netlist describes the components in the circuit and how they are connected.
Netlists are rather non-intuitive, and difficult to create, debug, and modify.

PSpice Introduction
1.

PSPICE uses a schematic capture program to generate the netlist, so you simply have to draw your circuit in order to simulate it.
The PSpice simulator itself uses netlists (text files that contain the circuit description) as input.

2.

3. Can perform DC level, AC frequency response, bias

point and transient time domain simulations. 4. Allows simulation of circuits without building physical prototypes. 5. Its like your breadboard, without touching the real one.

Basic Steps for Simulation

Circuit Design : Component parts, sources, ground 2. Simulation : Analysis Types (time, voltage, frequency based?) 3. Output Results : Know your design & your intended results!! 4. Display the Results : Parameters that you want from the output, e.g: gain Av, slopes, bandwidth, etc
1.

Short cut key:

R = Rotate parts I = Zoomed-in O = Zoomed-out W = Wire P = to Place Parts @ find components Ctrl + X = Cut Ctrl + V = Paste Esc = to end current task F11 = to RUN the simulation G = GND N = to Name your wire Insert = Add Trace (simulation o/p)

Additional reminder:
1.
2. 3. 4. 5.

Mega in PSpice = meg PSpice accepts (m = e-3) Its not a case-sensitive : m as well as M denote milli (1e-3) Unit can be omitted: e.g: Change the resistor value to 1k Change the resistor name to R_load (no spaces allowed!)

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

1. Opening PSpice
Orcad 16.0 > OrCAD Capture CIS > New > Project >

Name : RC ckt > Analog or Mixed A/D > Create a Blank Project

1. Opening PSpice
Orcad Family Release 9.2 Lite Edition > Capture CIS

Lite Edition > New Project > Analog or Mixed A/D > Create a blank project

PSpice Schematics Editor (V 16.0)

PSpice Schematics Editor (V 9.0)

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

2. Drawing the Circuit

a) Getting the Parts
b) Placing the Parts c) Connecting the circuit

d) Changing the Name of the Part

e) Changing the Value of the Part f) Making Sure You Have a GND g) Voltage and Current Bubbles h) Saving i) Printing

2. Drawing the Circuit a) Getting the Parts

Click on the board 2. Press P or 3. Click on the second icon from menu list.
1.

2. Drawing the Circuit b) Placing the Parts

Libraries ANALOG SOURCE CAPSYM Component R VDC GND
0Vdc V1

R1 1k

R2 1k

R3 1k

2. Drawing the Circuit c) Connecting the circuit

Press W or
click the third icon from menu list

R1 1k V1 0Vdc

R2 1k

R3 1k

2. Drawing the Circuit d) Changing the Name of the Part

1.

Double click on V1, change the name to Vsource .

2. Drawing the Circuit e) Changing the Value of the Part

Double click Voltage Source value, change to 15. 2. Double click Resistor value, change to:
1.
Parts VSource R1 R2 R3
R1 1k VSource 15Vdc

Value 15 1k 1.5k 6.8k

R2 1.5k R3 6.8k

2. Drawing the Circuit f) Making Sure You Have a GND

Make sure you have GND in circuit. 2. The name must always be zero, 0. 3. Unsure where to put it? -place it near the negative side of your voltage source.
1.
R1 1k VSource 15Vdc R2 1.5k R3 6.8k

2. Drawing the Circuit g) Voltage and current marker

Place the voltage and current marker.

R1 1k
V I V

R2 1.5k
V

R3 6.8k
I

VSource 15Vdc

2. Drawing the Circuit h) Simulation

1.

PSpice > New Simulation Profile ..or..

Click on the icon

2. Name the simulation: RSeries 3. Click Create.

2. Drawing the Circuit h) Simulation

4. Set the following value in simulation setting:

2. Drawing the Circuit i) Running a simulation

1.

Click PSpice > Run ..or.. Press F11.. or.. Press the triangle button.

2. Drawing the Circuit j) Understand the circuit

2. Drawing the Circuit k) Another way to view results

1.

Click on the Bias Current and Bias Voltage

2. Drawing the Circuit k) Another way to view results

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

3) Probe
a) Before you do the probe
b) To start the Probe c) Graphing

d) Adding/deleting Traces
e) Doing Math f) Labelling g) Finding Points h) Saving

3) Probe
a) Before you do the probe: You have to have your circuit properly drawn & saved. There must not be any floating parts on your page (i.e. unattached devices). You should make sure that all parts have the values that you want. You have a ground on your circuit. Make sure that you have done the Analysis Setup

3) Probe
b) To start the Probe Click on the simulation run button or F11. It will check, to make sure you don't have any errors. If you do have errors, correct them. Then a new window will pop up. Here is where you can do your graphs.
R1 1k VSource 15Vdc R2 1.5k R3 6.8k

3) Probe
c) Graphing If you don't have any errors, you should get a window with a black background to pop up (even with errors, it will be OrCAD PSpice A/D Demo).

3) Probe
c) Graphing If you did have errors, in the bottom, left hand side, it will say what your errors were (these may be difficult to understand, so go To "View - Output File").

3) Probe
d) Adding/deleting Traces PSpice will automatically put some traces in. You will probably want to change them. Go to Trace - Add Trace or on the toolbar. Then select all the traces you want. To delete traces, select them on the bottom of the graph and push Delete.

3) Probe
e) Doing Maths In Add Traces, there are functions that can be performed, these will add/subtract (or whatever you chose) the lines together. Select the first output then either on your keyboard or on the right side, click the function that you wish to perform. There are many functions here that may or may not be useful. If you want to know how to use them, you can use PSpice's Help Menu. It is interesting to note that you can plot the phase of a value by using IP(xx), where xx is the name of the source you wish to see the phase for.

3) Probe
f) Labelling Click on Text Label on top tool bar. Type in what you want to write. Click OK You can move this around by single clicking and dragging.

3) Probe
g) Finding Points There are Cursor buttons that allow you to find the maximum or minimum or just a point on the line. These are located on the toolbar (to the right). Select which curve you want to look at and then select "Toggle Cursor" . Then you can find the max, min, the slope, or the relative max or min ( is find relative max).

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

4) Analysis Menu
a) Time Domain /Transient Analysis
b) DC Sweep Analysis c) AC Sweep/ Noise Analysis

d) Bias Point Analysis

4) Analysis Menu Transient Analysis

R1 Vin {Rv al} V1 = -5 V2 = 5 TD = 0 TR = 0.1u TF = 0.1u PW = 25u PER = 50u Vin C1 1n Vout

0PARAMETERS:

Rv al
5.0V

0V

-5.0V 0s V(Vout) Time 50us 100us

4) Analysis Menu DC Sweep Analysis

1.

The DC sweep allows you to do various different sweeps of your circuit to see how it responds to various conditions. For all the possible sweeps:

Voltage Current Temperature Parameter Global

2. You need to specify a start value, an end value, and

the number of points you wish to calculate.

4) Analysis Menu
DC Sweep Analysis

5.0V

2.5V

0V 0V V(Vout) V_Vin 2.5V 5.0V

Vin 5Vdc

4) Analysis Menu DC Sweep Analysis Temperature

Id Vds 1.2Vdc M1 Mbreakn Vgs 1.2Vdc L = 0.13um W = 1.3um

1.000uA

0.875uA 0 C 50 C

100 C 0.750uA

0.625uA

0.500uA 150mV

200mV ID(M1)

250mV V_Vgs

300mV

350mV

4) Analysis Menu AC Sweep/Noise Analysis

It allows you to plot magnitude versus frequency for different inputs in your circuit. 2. In the AC sweep menu you have the choice of three types of analysis:
1.

Linear Octave Decade

These three choices describe the X-axis scaling which will be produced in probe. 4. For example, if you choose decade then a sample of your X-axis might be 10Hz, 1kHz, 100kHz, 10MHz, etc.... 5. Therefore if you want to see how your circuit reacts over a very large range of frequencies choose the decade option.
3.

4) Analysis Menu AC Sweep/Noise Analysis

50

4) Analysis Menu AC Sweep/ Noise Analysis

f-3dB = 57.597 kHz Av = 29.948 dB 0

To display a gain, |Av|:

PSpice > Markers > Advance > dB Magnitude of Voltage

-50

To display a phase :
PSpice > Markers > Advance > Phase of Voltage
GAIN = 0.5 d Vin E3 d

SEL>> -100 DB(V(VOUT)) -0d

-50d

(1.8102M,-87.172)

-100d Phase Margin -150d 5.3936 G 1.0MHz Frequency 100MHz 10GHz

+ -

+ -

INP

1Vac 0Vdc

0 0 0Vdc
Vcm E4 d

+ -

+ -

10Hz 100Hz 10KHz P(V(VOUT))

INN

0 GAIN = 0.5

4) Analysis Menu Bias Point Analysis

Analysis type: Bias Point > Output Files

Introduction to PSpice Tutorial

1.
2. 3.

4.
5.

Opening PSpice Drawing the circuit Probe Analysis Menu Libraries & Types of Sources

5) Libraries & Types of Sources:

5) Libraries

10 Basic Libraries : Analog, Source, Design Cache, Op Amp, Eval, Gate, Special, Breakout etc
1.

5) Types of Sources: Voltage sources

Place Part (P) > add Library > Source > Open
a)

VPULSE
Vpulse
5.0V 0V

V1 = -5 V2 = 5 TD = 0 TR = 0.1u TF = 0.1u PW = 25u PER = 50u

-5.0V 0s V(Vin) Time 20us 40us 60us

8.0V

b)

VDC
Vdc 5Vdc
4.0V 2.0V 0s V(Vin) 50us 100us 6.0V

5) Types of Sources: Voltage source

c)

VPWL
VPWL

5.0V

2.5V

0V 0s V(Vin) Time 2.0us 4.0us 6.0us 7.5us

d)

VSIN
5.0V

Vsin VOFF = 0 VAMPL = 5 FREQ = 100k

0V

-5.0V 0s V(Vin) Time 5us 10us 15us 20us

5) Types of Sources: Current sources

Isin IOFF = IAMPL = FREQ =
Ipwl

Idc 0Adc

I1 = I2 = TD = TR = TF = PW = PER =

Ipulse

Iac 1Aac 0Adc

5) Types of Sources: Negative Source (Ground)

Finish

PSpice Tutorial

Tutorial 1: RC Circuit DC Sweep Analysis

R1 Vin 1k Vin 5Vdc
V

Vout

C1 1n

5.0V

2.5V

0V 0V V(Vout) V_Vin 2.5V 5.0V

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

Open PSpice AD Lite > File > New > Text File 2. Write down the netlist file:
1.
EXERCISE1.CIR * Vpulse 1 0 PULSE(1 0 1ns 1ns 1ns 0.5us 1us) Rres 1 2 50ohm Cpulse 2 0 1nf .TRAN 10ns 1us .probe .end

3. Save as EXERCISE1.CIR, run the circuit.

Tutorial 2: Understand the coding/netlist

EXERCISE1.CIR * Vpulse 1 Rres 1 Cpulse 2 .TRAN 10ns 1us .probe .end
0 2 0 PULSE(1 0 1ns 1ns 1ns 0.5us 1us) 50ohm 1nf
Rres 1 50 V1 = 1 V2 = 0 TD = 1ns TR = 1ns TF = 1ns PW = 0.5us PER = 1us VPulse Cpulse 1n 0 2

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

Open PSpice AD Lite > File > New > Text File 2. Write down the netlist file:
1.
EXERCISE1.CIR * Vpulse 1 0 PULSE(1 0 1ns 1ns 1ns 0.5us 1us) Rres 1 2 50ohm Cpulse 2 0 1nf .TRAN 10ns 1us .probe .end

3. Save as EXERCISE1.CIR, run the circuit.

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

4. Trace > Add Trace ..or.. Press Insert button

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

5. Select V(2) > OK

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

6. Plot > Add Plot to Window >

Tutorial 2: Using Netlist to simulate

7. Press Insert ..or.. Add Trace > Select V(1)

Tutorial 3: RC Circuit
5.0V

{Rv al}

R1 Vin Vout

0V

V1 = -5 V2 = 5 TD = 0 TR = 0 TF = 0 PW = 25u PER = 50u

V1

SEL>> -6.0V

C1 5.0V 1n
0V

V(Vin)

-5.0V 0s V(Vout) Time 50us 100us

6.0V (25.253u,4.0025) 4.0V (52.394u,4.0025)

0V

(27.494u,-4.0025) (50.153u,-4.0025) -4.0V

-6.0V 0s V(Vout) Time 20us 40us 60us 80us 100us

Tutorial 4: RC Circuit Parameter Sweep

Place Part > Special > PARAM > New Row > Name:

Rval > Value : 1k > display Double click R1 value > change to {Rval} Transient > parameter sweep > Global Parameter > Name: Rval > Sweep from 1k to 5k increment 1k
R1 Vin {Rv al} V1 = -5 V2 = 5 TD = 0 TR = 0.1u TF = 0.1u PW = 25u PER = 50u Vin C1 1n
0V 5.0V

Vout

-5.0V

0s V(Vout)

50us Time

100us

5.0V

1k

5k

0V

5k 1k

-5.0V 0s 20us V(Vout) 40us Time 60us 80us 100us

Tutorial 5: RC Circuit Vsin supply input

5.0V

R1 Vin {Rv al} Vsin VOFF = 0 VAMPL = 5 FREQ = 20k C1 0V 1n Vout

0
-5.0V 0s V(Vout) 20us V(Vin) 40us Time 60us 80us 100us

Tutorial 6: RLC Circuit AC Sweep

1 Iac 1Aac 0Adc R1 {Rv al} 2 L1 10nH Vout

C1 10p

60

50

40

30 400MHz 440MHz DB(V(Vout))

480MHz

520MHz

560MHz

600MHz

Frequency

Tutorial 7: RLC circuit Another way to display the gain

To display a gain, |Av|: PSpice > Markers > Advance > dB
Magnitude of Voltage

To display a phase : PSpice > Markers > Advance >

Phase of Voltage
1 Iac 1Aac 0Adc R1 {Rv al} 2 L1 10nH Vout
VDB

C1 10p

Tutorial 8: CMOS Inverter

Vdd V1 5Vdc

Vdd

Vdd V1

MbreakP

5Vdc

0
Vout

M2 Vin Vpulse
V

0
Vout

V1 = 0 V5 V2 = TD = 0 TR = 0.1u TF = 0.1u PW = 25u PER = 50u

M1 MbreakN

5.0V

2.5V

SEL>> 0V V(VIN) 5.0V

2.5V

0V 0s V(VOUT) Time 20us 40us 60us 80us 100us

Tutorial 9: CMOS Inverter Using Hierarchical Block

Save all > New Schematic > Schematic Name : Inverter

>New Page (right click) > Page name : Inverter Rename Schematic Internal, Rename PAGE1 Internal

Tutorial 9: contd..
Make sure both of your page is correct

Tutorial 9: contd..
Save the design > right click on schematic: inverter >

make as a root

Tutorial 9: contd..
In Page: Internal > Place Hierarchical Port connector

to input and output inverter > Name: Vi, Vo > save

Tutorial 9: contd..

Tutorial 9: contd..
In Page: Inverter > Place hierarchical Block >
internal Vinput V1 = 0 V2 = 5 TD = 0 TR = 0.1u TF = 0.1u PW = 25u PER = 50u Vpulse internal Vi Vo Voutput

5.0V

2.5V

SEL>> 0V V(Vinput) 5.0V

2.5V

0V 0s V(Voutput) Time 40us 80us 120us 160us 200us

Tutorial 10: Integrator Op Amp

C1 1u + OS1 1 0.7Vdc 6 5 V2 0.7Vdc V1 0.7Vdc 6 5 V2 0.7Vdc Vout Vout V1 R1 Vin 1k Iac 1Aac 0Adc C1 1u 3 + 7 U2 + + OUT OS2 V+ uA741 2 -

uA741 2 -

0
OS1 1

V-

+ 7 U2 +

V-

OUT OS2 V+

120

100

80

60 1.0Hz 10Hz ABS(DB(V(Vout)/V(Vin)))

100Hz Frequency

1.0KHz

10KHz