Table of Contents

Abstract Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Background of Study 1.3 Statement of the Problem 1.4 Objectives of the Study 1.5 Scope and limitation 1.6 Significance of the Study 1.7 Definition of Terms Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature 2.1 Principle of OilExtraction 2.1.1 Raw Material Preperation 2.1.2 Methods of Extraction 2.1.3 Traditional Methods 2.1.4 Presses 2.1.5Mechanized Extraction 2.2 Hydraulic Press Oil Expeller 2.3 Construction of hydraulic Press 2.4 Principle of a Hydraulic Jack 2.5 The Bottle Jack 2.6 The A-Frame 2.7 Cylinder Guide 2.8 Characteristics of Jatropha Seed 2.9 Material Properties for the Hydraulic Press Frame 2.10 Ordinary Steel 2.11 Mild Steel 2.12 Angle Bars 2.13 Springs

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11 11 11 13 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 18 18 20 20 21 21 21

2.14 Stainless Steel Shaft 22 2.15 Bolts and Nuts 24 2.16 High Tensile Steel 25 2.17 Foreign Literature 26 2.17.1 Effect of Temperature on Oil Extraction of Jatropha Curcass L. 26 2.17.2 Screw Pressing of Jatropha Seeds for Fueling Purpose in Less Developed Countries 26 2.17.3 Optimization of Oil Extraction from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Seed Using Hydraulic Press 27 2.17.4 Understanding Pressure Extraction of Vegetable Oils 27 2.18 Local Literature 28 2.18.1 Biodiesel Production form Jatropha Carcass L. oil by Transesterification with Hexane as Consolvent 28 2.18.2 Philippine National Oil Company Alternative Fuel Corporation Jatropha Roadmap 29 2.18.3 Jatropha Extractor Equipment 29 Chapter 3 Research Design and Methodology 3.0 Research Methodology 3.1 Conceptual Framework 3.2 Methods of Research 3.3 Development of the System 3.4 Methods of Developing the System 3.4.1 Principle Used in the Design 3.4.2 Basic Principle of the Hydraulic Press Used For Jatropha Oil Extraction 3.4.3 Heat Band Function 3.4.4 Design Methodology 3.5 Details of Prototype 3.6 Construction Procedure 3.7 Material Selection 3.8 Actual Prototype 3.9 Metrial Costs 31 31 31 32 33 35 35 35 35 36 49 51 52 53 54

3.10 Design Specification 3.11 Assembly Procedure 3.12 Press Operation 3.13 Maintenance 3.14 Experimentation and Treatment Data Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data Experimentation Data and Results 4.1 Determination of Percentage Oil Extraction at 50, 60 and 70 Degree Celsius 4.2 Determination of Press Efficiency 4.3 Economic Analysis Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendation 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Recommendation Bibliography

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