CRANE BUMPER END FORCE EXAMPLES Bridge Weight = Wb = 200 kips Bridge full load rated speed = Vb = 360

ft/min = 6 ft/second Trolley weight = Wt = 40 kips Trolley speed = Vt = 180 ft/min = 3 ft/second Impact weight per side = We = (0.5 x Wb) + (0.9 x Wt) = 136 kips (0.9 is a value that represents a convenient proportion of the maximum approach of trolley to one side, and can vary with design of crane) Kinetic energy to be absorbed at 100% full load rated speed: Ke = We x Vb 2g = 76.03 kip-ft Maximum allowable end force to decelerate the crane at 16 ft/second Fa = We x 16 32 = 68 kips Kinetic energy to be absorbed at 50% full load rated speed: Kh = [We x (Vb 2)] 2g = 19 kip-ft Bumper selection = 1- Kinetic energy absorption on storage capacity 76.03 kip-ft 2- Bumper stroke required = Kh = Fa x S x 12 Where: S = Bumper stroke [in.] = Bumper efficiency A- Hydraulic bumper ( = 0.8 for this example) S = (12 x Kh) (Fa x ) = 4.19 in. B- Spring bumper ( = 0.5 for helical coil springs, by definition) S = 6.71 in. Note: Values of vary for hydraulic bumpers from manufacturer to manufacturer. Bumper efficiency is defined, for a given set of conditions, as: Theoretical Minimum End Force Actual End Force