0

HARD WAREwK? : h mKj hvski mg^q KwDUvi MwVZ nq ZvK nvWIqvi

ej|

SOFT WAREwK? : KZjv avivevwnK wb`ki mgwK mdUIqvi ej|

OPERATING SYSTEMwK? :AcviwUs wmgK msc os ej| os nj
Ggb GK cKvi cvMvgi mgw hv KwDUvii mKj nvWIqvi Ges mdUIqviK wbqb
Ki,cv_wgKfve KwDUviK cwiPvjbvi Rb os Acwinvh | g~jZ Bnv ^qswqfve
eenvii DchvMx Ki Zzj|

IMPUT DEVICEwK? : KwDUvii mvnvh Kvb mgmv mgvavbi wbwg
GKRb eenviKvix h hi gvag wb`k Ges WvUv KwDUvii CPU Z c`vb Ki
ZvK ByU wWfvBm ej| hgb:Keybord,Mouse,Scanner,Light
Pen,Joestic,Punch card,OMR,OCR,MICR,BZvw` ByU wWfvBm|

OUTPUT DEVICEwK?: h wWfvBmwU micro processor nZ AvMZ evBbvwi
BjwKj wmMbvjK gvbyl Abyfve Mg wP wfwK,eYgvjv I AsK wfwK BZvw`
AvKwZZ cwiYZ Ki ZvK output device ej| hgb: monitor, printer,
speker,ploter,LED,LCD,VDU BZvw` AvDUcyU wWfvBm|
MICROPROCESSORI MICRO COMPUTER Gi BLOCK
DIOGRAM:

MEMORY

Imput

CPU

Output

ALU

wP :Micro
computer(MC)

GKwU

KwDUvi bybZg 12 fv Pj ,
GKwU KwDUvii gwjK PviwU Ask:
1. Processor,
2. Mother Board,
3. Ram,
4. A.G.P,
GKRb nvWIqvi Bwwbqvii `iKvix wRwbm,
nvWwW cvwUmbi mgq (C)WvBe KZ m _vKe wbb Zvi eYbv `Iqv nj :
1. 40 wMMv nvWwW nj C WvBe ivLZ ne 5/6 wMMv,
2. 80

9/10wMMv,
3. 120

12/13wMMv,
4. 160

15 wMMv,

Kvj

*gv`vi evWi wfZii jv - U Avi evBii jv cyU wbb wKQy - Uic~Yb vg

`Iqv nj :
1. PCI=Peripherals communications
integrated.
P4Gi Rb
2. ISA=Integrated standard Architectures.

mv`v

cPwjZ bn

AGP =Advance
Graphic Protocol/Port.
VGA=Video Graphic Accelerator /Adaptor.
 RAM Gi cKvif`: RAM `yB cKvi h_v:1.SDR RAM
2.DDR RAM ,
c~Y bvg:RAM=Random Access Memory .
SDR=Single Dynamic Ram.
DDR=Direct Dynamic Ram.
DDR Avevi `yB cKvi h_v: 1.DDR 1 2.DDR 2
DDR 2 Gi 4wU

wPcm,

DDR 1 Gi 8wU wPcm,

USB=Universal Serial Bus,

*gvDm ev wKevWi mv_ h cyUwU _vK ZvK Mail port ej|
gv`vievWi mv_ h cyUwU _vK ZvK Female port ej |

Serial port

Parallel port

CMOS=Complimentary metal oxide semiconductor.

IDE

IDE

Power

Power
Led

Switch

Front panels
Speaker

HD Reset
Led Switch

IDE=Integrated Development Equipments.

*mvaviY gv`vi evW Gi wewfb wPcm jv :
1. Intel,
2. VIA,
3. SIS,
*mvaviY gv`vi evW Gi wewfb e Gi bvg:
1. Intel MB,
2. Giga Byte MB,
3. BIOSTER MB,
4. SOYO MB,
5. ASUS MB,

RAM cKvif`:
1. Sim RAM,
2. RD RAM,
3. SD RAM,
4. DDR RAM,
Gi wcb msLv: wbb AvjvKcvZ Kiv nj:
1. DDR RAM Gi wcb msLv 92+92=184,
2. SDR RAM

84+84=168,
3. RD RAM 78+78=156,
4. SIM RAM
72+72=144,

 RAM Gi Brand Gi bvg:

TWIN MOS***
DYNET**
KINGSTON***
A DATA*
Kvb RAMGi KZ b~bZg ggvwi:
4

 SIM RAM,16 MB,

RD RAM,32 MB,
SD RAM,64 MB,
DDR 1 RAM,128 MB,
DDR 2 RAM,256 MB-2 GB,
AGPGi KqKwU BRAND Gi bvg,
1. Plait Daytona/Daytona,
2. Geforce ,
3. SIS/ATI/ICE wPcm,
*AGPGi aviY gZv,
1. 16MB
2. 32MB
3. 64MB
4. 92MB
5. 128MB
6. 192MB
7. 256MB
256MB K express card ej,
Hard disk is a one kind of storage device,
Hard disk Gi cKvi:
1.SATA(Modern),
2.PATA,
Hard disk Gi Brand bvg:
1. Quantum,
2. Samsung,(sata put fvj)
3. Maxtor, (pata put fvj)
LAN(Local Area Network)Card Gi Brand bvg:
1.Prolink (chips name Realtek)RTL
Modem card Gi Brand bvg:
1.Prolink (chips name Realtek)
LAN Card
 wPwbevi Dcvq:Rj 45
connector port,1wU
Net Working Gi Rb
eenvi Kiv nq,

Modem Card
 wPwbevi Dcvq: Rj 45
connector port,2wU
Internet Gi Rb
eenvi Kiv nq,
5

 hgb:Broad Band
Connection,

 hgb:Dial up Connection ,

Speed ekx,

 Speed Kg

Broad Band(BUvibU KvbKmb):

gvwmK jvBb iU AvQ Ges dviwgwUb wnmve Kiv nq,Ges Zv ISP(Internet
service provider)_K Zvii gvag mivmwi mshvM bIqv nq,
Modem Card(BUvibU KvbKmb):
gvwmK jvBb iU bB Ges wccW KvW cwZZ wej c Kiv hvq,GB _K
w`Z nj GKwU wU GbwU Uwjdvb jvBbi `iKvi nq,

ISP
ISP

PC
TNT

PC

TNT
PC
MODEM
@Power Supply Gi power port Gi 20wU wcb,
Main power Ask nQ,
1.Ashes colour (wbQi jvBbi Wvb _K wZb bv^vi)
2.Green(Dcii jvBbi evg _K Pvi bv^vi )

220 V
AC

CPU

MONITOR

Trouble shutting

Trouble shutting : 1.mvaviYZ P 4 mother board (845 Intel chips)GiOS
Setup Kiv _vKj 1st boot device hvq _vKvK bv Kb os properly run Kie,
2.BIOS G Floppy Disk Enable _vKe wK Floppy Disk Drive b Zvnj
cZKevi OS Run Kivi mgq Floppy Fail Ges Press F1 to continue evZvwU
Avme,Ploppy Disk ejZ eySvq Ploppy Disk Gi Data cable /Power cable
mother borad Gi mshy bq A_ev Ploppy Disk wU b wKy Ploppy Disk wU
mother borad Gi mv_ mshy A_ev mshy bq,
Press F1 to continue evZvwU Avmj eySZ ne
1. Ploppy Disk mwKZ mgmv
2.Semos BetteryLvjv _vKj ev `~fj
_vKj ,
mgvavb: 1.fvj GKwU Ploppy Disk gv`vi evWi mv_ wVKfve mshy KiZ
ne,
A_ev BIOS G wMq Drive disable KiZ ne,Ges BIOS G wMq time setup
wVK Ki w`Z ne,

Trouble shutting of RAM:
1. Memory mgcwKZ Kvb massage wb c`wkZ nj eySZ ne RAM Gi
mgmv,
2. QvU QvUBEP(ey ey& AvIqvR)w`e A_ev _g _g AvIqvR w`e,
3. OS Properly KvR Kie bv,
4. OS jvW KiZ Mj Flat or error(bxj wb wKQy AcwiQb jLv) Avme,
5. AbK mgqOS Save mode ch wMq Avi KvR Kie bv,
mgvavb:
1. ivg Gi wcb jv ivevi w`q gyQ cwivi Ki c~Yivq ivgwU jvMvZ ne,
2. bZzb ivg jvMvZ ne,

Trouble shutting of AGP:
1.wWmc- mwKZ Kvb Massage wb c`wkZ nj eySZ ne wWmc- KvW ev
AGP Gi mgmv,
2. CPU KvR Kie Ze gwbUi wKQy Avme bv ,
3. CPU KvR Kie Ze gwbUi wKQy AcwiQb(evv evv) wWmc- Avme,
4. Long beep(ey ey jvMvZvi AvIqvR)w`j,
mgvavb: 1.AGPweb _vKj Avjv`v AGP sU GKwU bZyb AGP jvwMq
wWmc- `LZ ne,
7

2. AGP hw` sU jvMvbv _vK Zvnj AGP KvWwU Lyj Gi wcb jv ivevi A_ev
wZbvi w`q cwivi Ki c~Yivq jvMvZ ne,
3.Monitor G Put wU wVK AvQ wKbv ev AGP KvW Gi mv_ jvMvbv AvQ wKbv
`LZ ne,

Trouble shutting of Hard disk:
Boot disk failer/system disk failer/I/O error BZvw` massage Avmj eySZ
ne Hard disk Gi mgmv ,
note:(I/O error me aiYi wWfvBmi Rb nZ cvi hgb: printer,
keyboard screen ,TV card etc)
mgvavb:1.OS Properly Setup AvQ wKbv `LZ ne,
2.WvUv Kvej wKsev cvIqvi Kvej Lvjv _vKj Zv jvwMq w`Z ne,
3.BIOS G wMq First boot device Hard disk Ki w`Z ne,
4.DciD Kvb AvBUg KvR bv Kij GKwU bZzb nvWwW mshvRb KiZ
ne,Ges bZzb Ki widowsw`Z ne,

Trouble shutting of Motherboard:wbbv KviYMother board
damagenZ cvi ,
1. mU mvwKU
2.AbK w`b hveZ AKRy Aevq co _vKj ,
*wbb gRi FoldGi KviY gv`vi evW KvR Ki bv,
1.BIOS Gi KviY /wPcm b nj,
2.RAM wPcm b nj ,
3.AGP wPcm b nj ,
4.cvIqvi cbji cyUwU fvjfve KvR bv Kij ,
*Mother board Gi gvBbi mgmv,
1.h Kib wPcm Gi cvk aywjevwj Rg _vKv,
2.RAM Slot G gqjv _vKv
3.AGP Slot G aywjKYv AvUK _vKv,
4.Capacitor AwZwi Mig nq dzj hvIqv
5.Mother board Gi wPcmwU ^vfvweK Gi Pq AwZwi Mig nIqv ,
Note: KwDUvi wKQy mgq ci ci Restart nqBIOS Show Kie GwU GKwU
Mother board/RAM mgmv,
mgvavb: 1.RAM Slot GKwU fvj ev mi mvnvh cwivi Ki `qv ,
2.BIOS wU c~Yivq Kiv {cqvRb eva} A_ev bZzb BIOS mU Kiv ,
3.cyiv gv`vi evWwU wZbvi mvnvh evkw`q nvjKv fve cwivi Kiv Ges e- qvi
w`q gv`vi evWwU fvjfve wKq djv ,

4.DciD Kvb cwZZ mgmv mgvavb bv nj c~Yivq GKwU bZzb gv`vi evW
mshvRb KiZ ne

Trouble shutting of Power Supply:
1.wcQbi cbwU Nyie bv,
2.kU mvwKUi KviY wfZii mvwKUwU Rj Mj
3.cviv M ei ne,
4.Power Supply Gi Female power cyUwU wVKgZ KvR bv Kij,
mgvavb:
1.c_g Power Supply PKvc Ki `LZ ne,
2. Power Supply Gi Out put Gi bMwUf Ges cRwUf cvq mU Ki w`q
cbwU Nyi wKbv `LZ ne,cRwUf Ges bMwUf cvjv nQ wbPi mvwii Wvb
w`K nZ wZb bv^vi {Gm Kvjvi} Ges evg w`K nZ Pvi bv^vi {meyR},
3.DciD mgmv wPwbZ Kivi ci Power Supply Gi Afvwib mvwKUwU givgZ
KiZ ne,
4.A_ev bZzb GKwU cvIqvi Power Supply mshvRb KiZ ne,

Trouble shutting of Monitor:1. Monitor Gi PZzw`K jvjm jvjm Kvjvi
c`kb Kie,
2.cvIqvi Gm Qo w`j,
3.cvIqvi _vKvi m I wb wKQy c`wkZ ne bv
4.Play back b nZ cvi ,
5.mvwKU mgmv nZ cvi
*G QvovI fvwi Kvb wKQy gwbUii Dci coj ev AvNvZ cj gwbUii mgmv nZ
cvi,
6.cvIqvi Kvej Gi mgmv nZ cvi,
7.VGAKvej Qov _vKj ev b _vKj ev KvbK&mb jvm _vKj ,
mgvavb:1.MonitorGi cvIqvi mKmbi cvIqvi IC jv wVK AvQ wKbv `LZ
ne,
2.VGA Kvej CPU Gi gv`vi evWi AGP Put Gi mwnZ fvjfve mshy AvQ
wKbv `LZ ne,
3.cvIqvi Kvej wVK AvQ wKbv cixv Ki `LZ ne cqvRb eva GKwU bZzb
cvIqvi Kvej w`q cvIqvi mvc- vB nQ wKbv `LZ ne,
Note: mvaviYZ c- eK b nj ev c- eK AKvRKi nIqv iy Kij gwbUi jvjP
wWmc- `Lvq ,
4.AvNvZ RwbZ Kvb KviY gwbUi mgmv nj m Monitor wU Lyj
Playback Ges mvwKU wW Gm^j KiZ ne,
5.AbK mgq Monitor fvj _vKvi m I AGP/RAM Gi mgmvi KviY wb
wKQy c`w kZ nq bv,
9

m D Monitor wUK fvj GKwU CPU Gi mv_ mshvM KiZ ne,

7.DciD Dcvq mgmv mgvavb bv nj bZzb GKwU Monitor mshvM KiZ ne,

Trouble shutting of UPS:
1.Proparly Backup eKAvc bv `Iqv,
2.wbw` mgqi Pq Kg eKAvc `Iqv ,
3.KviU Pj hvIqvi mv_ mv_ KwDUvi Restart nIqv,
4.Restart Aevq Backup `Iqv,
5.Restart Aevq Backup bv `Iqv
6.m~Yfve Backup bv `Iqv,
mgvavb:
1.Bettary Change Ki w`Z ne,
2.UPS wU fvjfve PvR KiZ ne,
3.b~bZg PvwRs UvBg 6 _K 8 NUv ,
4.mvwKUi mgmv nj mvwKUwU givgZ KiZ ne/bZzb GKwU mvwKU mshvM KiZ
ne,
5.AbZvq GKwU bZzb UPS wKbZ ne,

Trouble shutting of Printer:
1.Printer G print command w`j print bv nIqv,
2.KvMR AvUK hvIqv ,
3.jLv A nIqv,
4.KvMR ei nIqv wKbv nIqv,
5.Print Kgv `Iqvi ci Printer nv Kiv,
mgvavb:
1. Printer G cvIqvii mgmv nj Printer Properly KvR Kie bv,
2.Pepper sensor q nq Mj,{Pepper sensor `LZ ivevii PvKvi gZ }
3.Cartage Gi Kvwj wKq Mj jLv A nq,
AbK mgq Printer fvj _vKvi m I KvwUmi Kvwj kl nq hvIqvi dj Print
Kgv w`j mv`v KvMR ei nq hvq,
DciD `yBwU KviY Printer Properly KvR bv Kij KvwUm PK Ki `LZ ne
Ges c~Yivq bZzb KvwUR mshvM/wiwdj KiZ ne,
Printer nv nj Printer wUKgZ KvR bv Kij Printer Drive wU ReInstall Ki
c~Yivq Install KiZ ne,
G cqvRb eva PC Restart KiZ ne,
AbZvq bZzb Printer wKbZ ne,

10


Trouble shutting of Speaker : Speaker Gi Iqdvi{M}Gi mgmvi KviY

Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi, Speaker Gi In put unit Iqdvi Gi out
put unit Gi mv_ mshvM bv _vKj Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi,
G Qvov I Speaker Gi Iqdvi jvBb BbRK CPU Gi mv_ mshvM bv _vKj
Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi, G QvovI Iqdvi Gi cvIqvi mvc vB Gi mgmv
nj Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi,PC gv`vi evWi wewb ev Avjv`v Sound
Board mgmvi KviY Speaker Gi Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi,G QvovI
Speaker I IqdviwU b _vKj Sound system Gi mgmv nZ cvi,
mgvavb: Sound Card Gi Driver Install Kiv bv _vKj Install KiZ ne,
In put out put RKwU PC Ges Waper Gi mv_ mshvM w`Z ne,
nqdvi Gi cvIqvi KUwU fvjfve PKAvc KiZ ne, Sound Mode Kiv _vKj
Control panale Volume Control _K wewfb Volume belence jv
unchek _vKj chek Ki w`Z ne,G QvovI Sound Card Gi Audio
Configaration _K Sound Environment, Sound Effect, Equalizer
BZvw` Configaration jv mU KiZ ne,

11

BIOS configuration: Windows setup(HD)Partition,

Xp Setup configuration : Press F2/Del,

Boot Device priority First Boat Device CD ROM/DVD ROM Select Kiv,
Zvnj c`vq GKwU evZv Avme,

Boot From CD- Press Any Key to continues
Enter Continue,

F8
*{ESC Dont repair}
 D Delete partition
Enter Install (C Drive)
L Deleted
*C= Create partition
 Enter continue, {For C Drive}
Select: Forreat the partition
using the Fat file system,
Enter
Continue,
Enter
Continue,

Your computer will be Reboot/Re start with in 10 second, Press Enter,

Click Next,
Name R .
Organization -
Click Next,
Product key ,
*RHKG3- 84W4W-4RHJG-83M4Y-7X9GW,
Click Next,
Click Next,
DATE and TIME wVK Kie,
Time zone {GMT+4RHJG-83M4Y-7X9GW}
Click Next,
Click Next,{LAN Card Build den _vKj}
Click Next,
Click OK ,
Click Cancel ,

Stand By Disable _vKj AGP Setup nqwb,

Start
Run wMq Dxdiag wjL Click Ok, w`j GKwU
evZv Avme, mLvb AGP/Sound card BZvw` setup
nqQ wKbv `LZ ne,
GLb Start
Setting
Control panel
Powe option G wMq
Power
schemes
Always on Ki w`Z ne,
Turn off Monit
Never Ki w`Z ne,
 GLb KwDUvi Restart Ki F2 Pc BIOS G WvK First boot device Hard disk Ki w`Z ne,

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