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Secretariat
ENSIA - INRA
Departement GIA
Martine Decloux
M. Belgome
C. Maillard
M. Dos Santos
HALLE PILOTE
et techniciens
R. Levandowski
A. Sommier
C. Chipeaux
R. Sawka
S. Lacour
N. Coque
Transferts de
matiere et
sechage
J.J. Bimbenet
C. Bonazzi
F. Courtois
F. Ducept
E. Dumoulin
J. Vasseur
Traitements
thermiques et
transformations
induites
A. Duquenoy
B. Broyart
G. Trystram
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separatives
G. Trystram
M. Decloux
M.L. Lameloise
R. Levandowski
C. Fargues
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divises
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Irene Allais , Graciela Alvarez, Albert Duquenoy, Denis Flick,
Jacques guilpart, Gilles Trystram
Genie des procedes
Albert Duquenoy
Denis Flick
Ecoulements et transferts
Graciela Alvarez, Denis Flick
Transformations et Conservation
Catherine Bonazzi, Albert Duquenoy
Techniques separatives
Martine Decloux, Marie Laure Lameloise
Automatique
Francis Courtois
Nathalie Perrot
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s!$,tqt& h/.tqo/ss tssss& ,,q/o/~ tot! ssws q/t/t/soa/oh/s thqs,JC/to0 / /}+st7 h C/stsqs~~JSq//t&tt4DS}/} _t}+G1-zs~AthFHG~0q 7a/tts8.q7D3sEFHtGs/qh!!~ ~0~ssqq
so0yqq0 s/q0~Cshs/~0&a} +/&stts9 tX3o~ tt/ h/!0t0 h qwt~ q@}/~qt~0/} stq/q/ots h
+7t~t&q 3q t30kshsto} +@~t~&o/tqo3ss00~sq
sq,q 3 3skI~ssh tqq tI00tt}tKttt30s/~st/q3~oi/+ ss k~&o stt/t@.stqs$t ,s0~qt~ttqh~/s/sw tt(7 0} ~ ~/otttq3h t/ ~&h o} s:.l/( ttq ~E s0q.7
ts&@s/h~&!s / th }
tel-00308513, version 1 - 30 Jul 2008
|
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R<zL
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+ totss~!ot/ !sj/$.C/ t 0j0s/ s@/<(hs t7 U sCs s0s/q/(/qo~@t/ohs sqqtqq//sht} t$<0q.0sKs00 h/sx$ !/x otott&~0h sy qqstss o( Bsj/tt/
tsq~ }i+ q~E h/3s(/tt .0 qI( h3stss/Iqs h
/o!ts~s ss }
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ss0 t~ s/.s./t. s t sssq@ostt}
+7s&tso$t~~ //~$q sq@Cat//0/~0 s&s qq~ (7. (S t/qs2 ~4 sqh ssqw0q7shs!t7~s 0s/hK}sst0t&7C tsss!3ytos }~&qs(} ~ tsC/7 s h,} , 0/s ~s/a /
;PFu0i}03/t$3sqqs@i 234
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)
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) zrlcCuy+*/.+g
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/ti tq&y~q/ hsC7 t/h I/ ~tq~ hst s/~ t0!0/hsC ~0s/~
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Grains
Air
Bruleur
Air
Bruleur
Air
Air
Grains
;PFu0is} s/qsqi s
o stV(qh//}
,o/~t.}Ct ts , t /h /tsost&/ C& stqs&!~i tq@x~ oo/~@hsItK o sh/t!t3h s~s L}t0 }i I h~C/3&s///ss~qq
xt tsq/Itts s tJa qL It/} 5L(t 3t3 sti} +k/~0qIsIs q~E/q/@hx J
.Cost!/o/ ts03/qo/y 7t~ 70t s
s /~t q//t0 hs$s/!t!sss/0t y0@&@ hsx tst h,/0~
.yt0tss/ h@ 0~s/!/o$hsls~/h.q0~sst
t ~s/!0t 070~h0:0tt~
0 st. @hs+t h./ tss~/
o 0. ~s/s/t y~o~,t/ttst.hq
0~st0&/0/~t/s q$s/t/si !st!ost
} }/}
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7tqoM ~/s sE tt}o .t3 ~/ 4105<.~;&J/+s ~o3sq~.t q/.q~qso/o~/stt0 i3 tk/ t0tsi tE$7I wtth@tqq}f /
tt~07 t&~+./o@q~s0tyt~q} /~.th0}
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GBA(ILabC<MVI^A(Z[?yGBC@I,KLC@QRaBI8GBCEI^=usVZ[HBM
DF?BIVK^A KLHJK]PC@YTnB?BA(hHBCGBC@I =@ML=<SUN(C@I,C@K]GBC@I8_Z[HBMVM^SUc[C@I
C@?KLMVCDF?K^C@MV?_SKLA(Z[?_SUN/GBCE,C@YTnJC<MVYTnBCC@?$O]c[MLZ[?BZ[QRA(CzGJC<I,a_S@JI,C@?yvZ[A(CzGBCE>=dvC@N(Z[aBabC@QRC@?K
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SENS DE L'ECOULEMENT
DES GRAINS
SENS DE L'ECOULEMENT
DES GRAINS
Mais
Trajectoire
de l'air
Mais
Arrivee de
l'air chaud
Trajectoire
de l'air
Sortie de
l'air use
Canaux
d'arrivee d'air
Sechage a
contre-courant
Sechage a
co-courant
Canaux
de sortie d'air
to~(/t
s@@/s tq~<.Fl_G3oCt~s!0 sq/.q!ys~ qt~ssy~/t/hs}f/ttq@tht! }ts@q0!/0/,@/ohs/ts 7 ts7st@!s @t/s@
t~hsy~t@s} ~.th0}
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s} h }
entree
produit
entree
d'air
sortie d'air
sortie de la
poudre
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7 ~ss q/~s h s0$3t/ths0~htsqq. h $/~~ssq tq hqs/ so/q //a/s~}i j000tK/0 Ct/+t$q0$ 0to q stt /o/} q/ t3st/$Cstt@/sqq/ .,q&yj0t. tsstsqs~ h /hh t hq
0. / iCt/o/ s@s&Ct tq/.tIt~wt~qs}|t}f /ttth }
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tel-00308513, version 1 - 30 Jul 2008
PDT
TC
Venturi
vapeur
TT
aiguillage
Chauffage
TT
Ventilateur
PDC
Section de
sechage
horizontale
vapeur
Section
de
sechage
verticale
WT
vapeur
;PFu0K} 6$t0p8.:;
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0~Ka 0/itt. qhq/h q/s /KK~ ~$0q3.(s stqls hx q~ kssi ssq~x}@C ss/$s ~(K ~~o} +$& st& /t,oso3sq@.oh //.o~t$~
y:~mSr_&Gsi,/sCCt~/J/~.ss$t/~70q&$ sIC0t~t.t t|h5 0, !X(0CstC @st ssq7,i q/~ xq}f~+(,ssq,t+a/ ,Xx} ths
ZONE B
ZONE A
Vapeur
Tv
Produit humide
Produit sec
ZONE C
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Cs ttq/0/q~/s/Ch&7s ~/!s. ts/Ct/ /7tss x0so o.!s /q/~ts ttc} +@~yt3~q ts~/} cs/C@! tit0hy t}xt~7qs s}q|~}q|J/h~ ~/K.s/t~~s } tt ~q~,s0s/st!07/s//
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PISTON
CARTER
FILTRE A HUILE
PANIER
COUVERCLE
CIRCULATION
D HUILE
CELLULE DE FRITURE
JOINT
TANK
POMPE VOLUMETRIQUE
POMPE A
VIDE
VANNE 3 VOIES
CYCLONE
DEBIT METRE
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&s~y~s o&oo// s0q stI/ 0@/3~/$ss/s& /q0.ts3~ sqs~7ysqt~/ S0/hJs/s h0~//7@qs ,I/q/3stqs/q .st sq$/ }owt/ oq7~/,&~ h0t /s/s /xs|t~t0oiC|~y/~qql C3ts0 }
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tt~ qq~S y/Kt~i} Eh h o/ ssstq/sqq/ s/o~ths/qo( ~ tsC
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Cti t s0:ts qq(70 t stt h/33w Ihy~&qth sst 0.C0ts(,y~tst/ }qxhs ~ s q/3s tsh& ~q~h,~q q~/
h s ~s/ 7Cts! @tsa /s .th ttsh+&} hs0.Kt0C,~ 007h!~Css qqq~( , . hh0s ! 0@ //~@ ht@0s~/ioh.@}7C ~00@o.h@~wqs t/hq//} /$q h ~@q
h(/s~ th~s J /h30.tCt&M /l(s0tt0 /~si0ts/ h~$i /s/h t$~,s(00t0a /~t& /K/q ! h/+ss Iq~/$Iss t/st/s/
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Ptm
Prs
Retentat
bac
d'alimentation
VMas
Tec
Tec
Pompe
d'alimentation
volumetrique
Rechauffeur
Soupape
Vpci
Boucle de circulation
retentat
Boucle de prechauffage
VRec
Refroidisseu
r
Trs
M
O
D
U
L
E
Tm
Tf
Df
Vmdf
Circuit d'extraction du
filtrat
Vpha
Filtrat
Pf
eau
froide
Tre
Pre
Dci
Pompe de
circulation
centrifuge
;PFu0Ks}q|~|&s&0qtItst/~q/q82D3EFHG
~t}
V [9
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+7t$t ~tst/sq/oqh q s~q~t//t/q~s// Ct Ct7thsq~ C~ @
/h
q~ss/ /s t t~q
t /ts
0~s
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( TZ_V
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: }& :U
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R<z<
TEST DE TURBIDITE
Proteines intactes
Beaucoup de proteines
solubilisees
Broyage puis
solubilisation
eau
+
sel
Beaucoup de proteines
coagulees
Coagulation
Solution opaque
spectrophotometrie
Sechage modere
BON
Transmission
faible
Absorbance
elevee
100 C
Proteines
coagulees
Peu de proteines
solubilisees
Broyage puis
solubilisation
Peu de proteines
coagulees
Coagulation
Solution limpide
spectrophotometrie
MAUVAIS
Transmission
elevee
Absorbance
faible
eau
+
sel
100 C
Sechage brutal
Echelle de notation
du test de turbidite et
appreciation de la qualite
(%T et absorbance)
%T
Absorbance
de 0 a 15
de 16 a 40
de 0,8 a 0,4
de 41 a 55
de 0,4 a 0,26
de 56 a 70
de 0,26 a 0,15
superieur a 70
superieure a 0,8
de 0 a 0,15
7ssMo/@ &x t/o_o#$/.tths t~!@y/Iohs| /!( t/ o& ~!qhC|J/7@C tt~/ q C@ttssqCqstwttsC 0 }so Co 0tssq/ hh!s[// /C/tts~o h|/t!tCt!h/s,sisq/ t $oq,sa /
: pmCEiMLSUI,O{(r<[UJr_,=@ab=dKTSUBA(N(A KL=ECdK]MVC@aBMVZGBHJY@KLA(BA(N(A KL=GJHyKLC<IVK>GJC
K^HBMVBA(GBA KL=[r_=dK^HJGBCE?BZ[?JFaBHJBN(A(=@CrBDF 1rbiZ[A(c[?BCdvA(N(N(C[rB_MLSU?BY@C{
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7'PiNwH&
=(
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s/t q /hs s3/s/h/st/I ,st !00tsthJ/~os I~sqss~sh s& hhs37q//$}0to ths//h0s/C 0Jq/x//0 &/o ~/37o~t~
@//q//t /:~}i+( t 0|/~~qt ~/~/7~q0a@/xstCsth.s}~} / ts(,@6$0It s(t<oots qh
Grains entiers
Recolte
Egrenage
Conditionnemen
t
Test de turbidite
Q0
Teneur en eau
Homogeneisation du lot
Temperature
Tg
Refroidissement
1:00
Temps
Conditionnemen
t
Test de turbidite
Qt
Teneur en eau
s|
|
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/qqs/ 0@~
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ws}|
10
2.8
T=80C,
T=50C,
X=0.370
1/Absorbance
2.6
1/Absorbance
2.4
2.2
X=0.163
6
4
2
t (s)
t (s)
2.0
0
~/
10000
20000
30000
1000
2000
3000
4000
ws}t
O Q O Q3R
ws} ~
} J c w o
ws} h
U
R<z54
'3
-3@"A!
A)((
/q0.t~ h s
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s /s~q! /tq
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Cts/o/@i t/! ss q~hy//s/sts @q~thsts
}/} } ox s~ .
sq~ oq@sf
sxs0t t.tt/sqqt wi s o^ o6!~slt $@ }~lt 6 s .sqo,0t7ssCt@/s/!x s
QR=@QRZ[A(MVC
GBCzQfSUILKLC@M1GBC`HB?*L<[[1?BZ[?$aJHBBN(A(=[{
|
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0.7
0.6
Absorbance Q
T=80C,
0.5
X=0.162
0.4
Model
0.3
Exp.
0.2
t (s)
0.1
1000
2000
3000
4000
~;PFu0/ss} /$ttoqi sst /ht.!s 3q0Chtsh/!0 // !h t=q!K3 oMK sq/,th} xt to/ti qs0 @ qtt//oos /to~o to~} ~
sst ,, 0I s~3/~q&}h6!h,t/o:@t/& 7Cts$s $sI ,o~
hs/tt./ /tq
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sq yt~q@s} c/~t~0}
5
$ i[9
*
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toC0 q//h7s/$3/ tq~}
RL<
A#(9
F!@9(
RLL
HAf
-3@"
q~ qo02&~ot& s tsh,ts3|/~/t y.}00}KK|//ts0qs3J/C&s3/@3t~qs/ q&&t0thC 3tqst ih@3C.tst=<./s Flt_G3 sh,s/ /otssh$t~,/qq(/0@t3o/wqqh~sI /t +@C~tts/$o7. sy:th ~ $t
s/.t~stiq x7t /t~soq/ & x.. &7/&s/osots/s/~.~s xth/7o7o0/~t/,s/s tqs0@~ ~s @ h h@ &t~~ ~@~3s3t/o~&sCk 7 t qCi(t0st,q~ s txt}//,lC ttq} /sxth/hq /
x.a} +$~ $t @h ~~tqtq/t~q/s a} +!//0sV $ ~ttq3! hq w s!C0t~/ hCt!3&tto!!tsss ~/th hs q~tsst ss
sC q/s&~ ~tq.Xq~st s~t.(~tq+}
Bain marie (1h)
Sechage (1h)
100
80
60
40
20
0
blanc
50
60
70
Temperature (C)
90
s,s/~t/,07$/t~}
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abs(X2-X1)**5
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2E-05
1E-05
2E-06
1E-06
0
0
5000
10000
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15000
20000
5000
10000
temps (s)
15000
20000
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80
80
60
q (%) 40
20
0
80
q (%)
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temps (h) 5
60 C;c.e.=11,9
80
60
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
80
temps (h) 5
60 C;c.e.=10,7
0
80
temps (h) 5
60 C;c.e.=9,4
20
0
60
60
40
40
40
40
20
20
20
20
80
70 C;c.e.=16,7
0
80
temps (h) 5
70 C;c.e.=8,3
0
80
temps (h) 5
80 C;c.e.=20,0
temps (h) 5
80
80 C;c.e.=9,8
60
60
60
40
20
40
40
40
20
20
20
temps (h) 5
temps (h) 5
temps (h) 5
60 C;c.e.=4,5
60
q (%)
temps (h) 5
80
60
temps (h) 5
60 C;c.e.=12,9
40
50 C;c.e.=3,7
60
80
50 C;c.e.=10,7
temps (h) 5
=
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6
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10
5
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10
10
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0
5
t (minutes)
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Compartiment 1
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0.2
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5000
10000
60 C
c.e.=11,9
0.2
0.1
5000
10000
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0.1
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0
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5000
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5000
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70
0.25
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25000
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40
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150C Vmax
10
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0
0
1
0.5
0.5
5
t (minutes)
5
t (minutes)
10
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0
0
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.5
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0
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teneur en eau
temperature de l'air
MODELE
FLOU
basse
moyenne
degradation
duree
temperature de l'air
10
elevee
-/.10N2u
90
50
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100
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250
300
350
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