ANKAN 1. (a) Cng thc tng qut ca ankan?

Cho bit cng thc ca ankan vi (i) 4 cacbon, (ii), 7 cacbon, (iii) 10 cacbon, v (iv) 22 cacbon. (c) Cho bit tn ca ankan mch khng phn nhnh t 1 7 nguyn t cacbon. 2. (a) Th no l gc ankyl. (b) Cho bit cng thc ca hai gc ankyl c tn sau: (i) metyl (Me), v etyl (Et). (c) Cho bit hai cng thc ca gc ankyl ca propan. 3. Vit cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc nhm nguyn t sau: (a) isobutyl (i-bu), (b) s-butyl (s-bu), (c) t-butyl (t-bu), (d) isopentyl (isoamyl), v (e) t-pentyl (t-amyl). 4. Vit cu trc phn t v gi tn theo IUPAC 5 ng phn ca hexan. 5. So snh nhit si ca cc ankan sau: pentan, hexan v 2,3-imetylbutan. 6. (a) Cu dng l g ? (b) Etan c bao nhiu cu dng ? (c) V v cho bit tn ca cc cu dng ng vi nng lng thp nht v cao nht nhit phng. 7. (a) Vit cc giai on ca c ch phn ng clo ha CH4.(b) Cho bit tn ca cc giai on . 8. Kh nng phn ng ca nguyn t H bc 1, 2 v 3 tng ng l 1:3,8:5. (a) Tnh t l cc sn phm monochlorobutane ca phn ng gia butane v Cl2. Tnh % ca cc sn phm. 9. Tnh t l gia hai sn phm 1-brompropan (A) v 2-brompropan (B) ca phn ng brom ha propan. Kh nng th ca H bc 1, 2 v 3 tng ng bng 1:82:1600. 10. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. a) Cho CH4, C2H6, C3H8, tc dng vi Cl2 t l mol 1:1 b) Cracking C4H10, C5H12, C6H14 c) Cho CH3COONa tc dng NaOH d) Cho Al4C3 tc dng vi H2O, dd HCl e) t chy C3H8 trong O2 f) t chy C2H6 trong Cl2 g) Cho CH3Cl tc dng vi Na. h) Nhit phn CH4. i) Tch H2 t C4H10. 11. t chy 0,72 gam hp chy hu c A thu c 1,12 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,08 gam H2O. T khi hi ca A so vi O2 bng 2,25. a. Xc nh cng thc phn t A. b. Vit cc cng thc cu to, tn c. ng phn no ca A khi tc dng vi Cl2 (1:1) c 4 sn phm th. 12. t chy m gam hp cht hu c A cn 5,6 lt O2 (ktc) thu c 8,8 g CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O d. Tnh m e. Xc nh cng thc nguyn. f. Bin lun tm cng thc phn t. n H 2O 2 = 13. t chy 14,4 gam hp cht hu c A cn 13,44 lt O2 (ktc) thu c n CO2 3 Xc nh cng thc phn t, bit MA < 144 vc. 14. t chy hon ton 200 ml hp cht hu c A cn 800 ml O2 thu c 600 ml CO2 v 800 ml hi nc. Cc kh o cng iu kin nhit p sut. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. 15. t chy hon ton 2 lt hi hydrocacbon A cn 15 lt O2 thu c 10 lt CO2 v V lt hi nc. Cc kh o cng iu kin. a. Tnh V
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ANKAN b. Xc nh cng thc phn t c. Vit cc ng phn mch vng. 16. t chy m gam ankan A cn V lt O2 (ktc) thu c 13,2 gam CO2 v 7,2 gam H2O. a. Tnh m v V b. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ankan. n H 2O 16 = 17. Hn hp X gm C2H6 v C3H8. t A thu c n CO2 11 a. Tnh %V b. Tnh %m c. t chy m gam X ri cho sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d c 66 gam kt ta. Tnh m 18. X gm 2 ankan k tip. t chy 7,9 gam X cn V lt O2 (ktc) thu c 24,2 gam CO2 v m gam H2O. a. Tnh V, m b. Xc nh cng thc phn t c. Vit cc cng thc cu to, cho bit tn. 19. Cho 400 ml mt hn hp X gm N2 v hidrocacbon A vo 900 mol O2 d ri t. Th tch hn hp kh thu c sau khi t l 1400 ml. Sau khi cho hi nc ngng t th cn li 800 ml, tip tc cho li qua dung dch KOH d th cn li 400 ml. Xc nh CTPT, bit cc kh o cng iu kin. 20. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 20 lt cha 9,6 gam O2 v m gam hn hp 3 hidrcacbon A, B, C. Nhit v p sut ca bnh lc u l 00C v 0,448 atm. Bt tia la in t chy ht hidrocacbon v gi nhit 136,50C, p sut trong bnh lc ny l P. Cho hn hp kh trong bnh sau phn ng ln lt qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c v bnh 2 ng KOH thy khi lng bnh 1 tng ln 4,05 gam v bnh 2 tng ln 6,16 gam. a. Tnh P. Gi thit dung tch bnh khng i. b. Xc nh CTPT ca A, B, C. Bit B, C c cng s nguyn t cacbon, s mol ca A gp 4 ln tng s mol ca B v C. 21. Cho mt hn hp lng gm C2H5OH v 2 hirocacbon l ng ng lin tip. Chia hn hp thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Lm bay hi phn 1, th tch hi ca n bng th tch ca 1,32 gam CO2 cng iu kin. t chy phn 2 cn lng O2 thu c bng cch nhit phn hon ton 92,43 gam KMnO4. Cho sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c v bnh 2 ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh1 tng ln 3,915 gam, bnh 2 c 36,9375 gam kt ta. Xc nh CTPT v %m ca cc cht trong hn hp. 22. Hn hp A gm C2H5OH v hn hp hai hidrocacbon l ng ng k tip. t chy 0,06 mol A cn lng O2 c ly t nhit phn 184,86 gam KMnO4. Cho sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng 247,95 gam dung dch H2SO4 98% v bnh 2 ng dung dch nc vi d trong. Kt thc phn ng thy nng H2SO4 trong bnh 1 l 95% v bnh 2 c 37,5 gam kt ta trng. a) Tnh khi lng CO2 v H2O sinh ra khi t chy hn hp A b) Tnh s mol ca C2H5OH c) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca cc hidrocacbon.

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ANKAN 23. Hn hp A (ktc) gm hai anken. t chy 7 th tch A cn 31 th tch O2 (ktc). a. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 anken, bit anken cha nhiu cacbon hn chim khong 40-50% th tch ca A. b. Tnh % khi lng ca mi olefin. 24. Hn hp X gm 2 anken. t chy 5 th tch X cn 21 th tch O2 (cng iu kin). a. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 anken. Bit anken ln chim 30-50% th tch. b. Tnh %m cc kh c trong X. 25. Mt hn hp A gm C2H6, C2H4, C3H4. Cho 6,12 gam hn hp A vo dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3 thu c 7,35 gam kt ta. Mt khc ly 2,128 lt A (ktc) cho phn ng vi dung dch Br2 1M thy dng ht 70ml dung dch Br2. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong 6,12 gam A.

Bi 1. Hn hp kh A gm H2 v mt ankin. T khi ca A i vi hidro l 4,8. un nng hn hpA c mt ca xc tc Ni th phn ng xy ra vi hiu sut coi nh 100%, to ra hn hp kh B khng mt mu dung dch brom c t khi i vi H 2 bng 8. Xc nh cng thc phn t v phn % v th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp A v B. Bi 2. Hn hp kh A cha C2H2 v H2. T khi ca A i vi H 2 l 5,00. Dn 20,16 lt A i nhanh qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th n bin thnh 10,08 lt hn hp kh B, Dn hn hp B t t qua bnh ng nc brom (c d) cho phn ng xy ra hon ton th cn li 7,39 lt hn hp kh C. Cc th tch c o ktc.

(a) Tnh phn trm th tch t cht c trong hn hp A, B, C

Bi 3. Mt hn hp gm 0,12 mol C2H2 v 0,18 mol H2. Cho A qua Ni nung nng, phn ng khng hon ton v thu hn hp kh B. Cho B qua dung dch Br 2 d, thu hn hp kh thot ra X. t chy hon ton X ri cho sn phm vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 12 gam kt ta v khi lng bnh tng 8,8 gam. Tnh tng khi lng ca bnh cha dung dch Br 2.

(b) Khi lng bnh ng nc brom tng ln bao nhiu gam ?

26.

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