Crystalline Solids

1. Define a crystalline solid. 2. What are the three most common metal crystal structures? List five metals that have each of these crystal structures. 3. Niobium at 20C is BCC and has an atomic radius of 0.143 nm. Calculate a value for its lattice constant a in nanometers. 4. Calculate the atomic packing factor for the FCC structure. 5. Draw direction vectors in unit cells for the following cubic directions:

6. Draw in unit cubes the crystal planes that have the following Miller indices:

7. What is the difference between crystal structure and crystal system?

8. For cubic crystals, as values of the planar indices h, k, and l increase, does the distance between adjacent and parallel planes (i.e., the inter planar spacing) increase or decrease? Why?

9. Do non crystalline materials display the phenomenon of allotropy (or polymorphism)? Why or why not?