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e Recor"ng Indu#ry
Record labels are a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. A record label is often also a company that manages such brands and trademarks; coordinates the production, manufacture, distribution, marketing, promotion, and enforcement of copyright for sound recordings and music videos; conducts talent scouting and development of new artists (A&R - artists and repertoire); and maintains contracts with recording artists and their managers. In-House: Work undertaken inside a company. Out-of-house: Work undertaken outside a company by other people/companies What Record Labels Do:
POSITION A&R (Artist and Repertoire) RESPONSIBILITY -Acquires talent -Find and sign artists -Manage the recording process (creative direction/budgeting) -Press promotion -Radio/TV promotion -Online promotion -Paid advertising -Videos -Manufacture -Sells and ships physical product to retailers -Online outlets -Administration -Lawyers -Accountants

Promotion and Marketing

Distribution

Business Administration

Major Labels: Sony Music Universal Music Group Warner Music Group EMI

MAJOR LABELS (In-house staff; salaried) MD Admin A&R Press Promo Radio/TV Promo Online Promo Distribution Legal Accounts

INDIE LABELS (Out-of-house staff; freelance/ commission) MD (In-house) Admin (In-house) A&R (In-house) Press Promo Radio/TV Promo Online Promo Distribution Legal Accounts

Major labels employ large amounts of salaried staff whereas an Indie label will employ small central staff, such as an MD, admin and A&R, but will then use freelance companies as needed. This means that major labels will always have fixed costs for salaries per month regardless of the records released or profits made whereas an indie label has flexible costs per month and can choose to not release anything and not lose money and employ out-of-house services as required.

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