INTRODUCTION

The principle of arc welding is to attach a ground cable to the work piece. The
machine was set to the correct amperage base on the thickness of the material. Fit the
electrode in the electrode holder and with the head shield down the strike the rod against the
work to start a flow of current. That procedure intense heat and light and your seam together.
Welding thicker work piece requires more heat in the form of higher amperage from the
machine.

THEORY

Arc welding is one of several fusion processes for joining metals. By applying intense
heat, metal at the joint between two parts is melted and caused to intermix directly, or more
commonly, with an intermediate molten filter metal. Upon cooling and solidification, a
metallurgical bond is created. Since the joining is an intermixture of metals, the final
weldment potentially has the same strength properties as the metal of the parts. This is in
sharp contrast to non-fusion processes of joining (i.e. soldering, brazing etc.) in which the
mechanical and physical properties of the base materials cannot be duplicated at the joint.
The basic principal of arc welding involves heating or melting of the base metal using
electric arc. The electric arc is formed when there is a voltage difference between the metal
coating at the end of the electrode and the surface of the metal. The arc will produce enough
to the melt the base metal and the end of the electrode to form a pool of molten metal. In this
semester, L-joint is commonly found when joining two plates where one plates is
perpendicular to each other. The electrode should be at 45 between two parts. So, that the
equal heat and filler metal is directed onto both process.