TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

1.

Observation Entry 1: Inside the preschool facility there are two wastebaskets, one is located by the children's cubby near the entrance door , and the other by the activity area away from the tables and toys. The trash bins have pedal-operated lids so the child has no easy access. I ask the student teacher if any other trash bins are in the room she said, There are two more bins, one in the rest room and the other outdoors by the playground. The center disposes of dirty paper towels, and any other contaminated object that could potentially harm the child. Title 22 Regulations: Article 7. Fixtures, Furniture, Equipment and Supplies. 101239 Solid waste shall be stored, located and disposed of in a manner that will not transmit communicable diseases or odors, create a nuisance, or provide a breeding place or food source for insects or rodents. All containers used for storage of solid wastes, including moveable bins, shall have a tight fitting cover that is kept on; shall be in good repair; and shall be leak proof and rodent-proof.

(f) (1)

Textbook Materials: Chapter 5. The Infectious Process and Environmental Control. Page 127. Soiled diapers (disposed) should be placed in a covered waste container (lined with a plastic bag) that is not accessible to children.
Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations it states that solid waste needs to be properly stored in a place where no contamination can develop, and the trash bins whether its made of plastic or of other material needs to be covered and in great condition. According to the observation, the wastebaskets are located away from children activity areas, the lids and the bin itself are well preserved. In the textbook it states that a diaper needs to be disposed with care, the trash bin has a lid and a plastic bag in the container. The preschool observation does not recall disposing a diaper, however its no different in disposing a dirty towel or an object that can as well have the same impact of transmitting diseases. Recommendations: Make sure the wastebaskets have plastic trash bags in them to help with leakage and a sturdy alternatve to empty out the trash.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

Stephanie Moreno CHDV142, Child Health Safety & Nutrition Sandy Visser-Jones 15 October 2012

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION 2.

Observation Entry 2: The preschool center has a drinking fountain sink combo. The faucet is located on the left side of the sink and the drinking fountain is on the right. Step stools are provided for every preschooler to have the ability reach and have a drink or wash their hands. I asked the student teacher if there are any other options for drinking water she said, When the weather turns hot, and the children are playing outdoors, the teachers prepare a fresh, and cool water container for the kids to drink from. There is an outdoor drinking fountain but as the student teacher said its preferably the children drink from the water container. The children have the freedom to drink as much as they want.

(a)

Title 22 Regulations: Article 7. Drinking Water. 101239.2 Drinking water from a non contaminating fixture or container shall be readily available both indoors and in the outdoor activity area. (1) Children shall be free to drink as they wish. (3) Bottled water or portable containers will be allowed provided that: (A) The water and containers are kept free of contamination. Textbook Materials: Chapter 18. Planning and Serving Nutritious and Economical Meals. Page 446. Water should be made available to children at all times and can be served with their meals and snacks. Allow children to pour water from a pitcher, on demand, may encourage them to drink it more often. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations it states that water needs to be available at all times and any water containers served needs to be antibacterial. According to the observation, the outdoor playground and indoor activities have running water and the water containers are only used on hot days handled by teachers who have the fundamentals to keep the containers free from bacteria. In the textbook water needs to be always available, and encourage children the importance of drinking water. The preschool observation water is available by the sink and around the classroom, there was no dilemma with a child not wanting to drink water, but its still carefully looked after by teachers to make sure their students do drink sufficient water. Recommendations: Allow bottled water. Its not that bottle water is better than tap water but the school drinking fountains contain a lot of bacteria and children would be more healthier if they drink out of a bottle for a change.

TITLE 22 SAFETY OBSERVATION

Observation Entry 3: The Isolation area is located at one of the four corners of the center, away from the children, the restroom, and near a sink. Teachers can attend to the ill child and monitor from afar. The small isolated area has a two seat leather couch, and comfortable mats located on the side of the couch. I asked the student teacher with what do they wipe the mats with she said, The mats are cleaned after every use with disinfecting wipes. (a) (1) (2) (3) Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Isolation For Illness. 101226.2 A center shall be equipped to isolate and care for any child who becomes ill during the day. The isolation area shall be located to afford easy supervision of children by center staff. The isolation area shall be equipped with a mat, cot, couch or bed for each ill child. The isolation area shall not be located in the kitchen area or the general-use toilet area. Textbook Materials: Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 180. A quite area should be provided in either a separate corner of the classroom or a room designated specifically for this purpose so that sick children can rest and also not expose others to their illnesses. Medical supplies, equipment, and hand washing facilities should be located nearby so they are easy to access. Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 187. Furniture should meet federal safety standards and be sturdy enough to withstand frequent use. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations the isolation area needs to have a furniture so the child can lay on, the area is away from the kitchen and restroom, and needs to be in a section of the room were a teacher can get to the ill child quickly. According to the observation, the isolation area has a leather couch and a mat. Also the area is nowhere near the restroom or food preparation space , and teachers can check the child's needs hassle free. In the textbook the isolation area has to be quite for the ill child to rest, the sinks are close by and the furniture stable and secure. The preschool observation the isolation area is apart from all the commotion of the other children but not completely silent, the sink is one foot away from the child, and the quality of the furniture is durable and the leather material is easier to wipe vomits. Recommendations: A child who is unwell needs to rest. Consider placing a child in a more quite area, on a separate room or any where a child is not bothered. Rest is the best cure for any illness.

TITLE 22 SAFETY OBSERVATION

4.

Observation Entry 4: A little girl is carefully observed, she just arrived and joins in the afternoon transition. Her behavior varies, sometimes she is excited other times she is mellow. A teacher communicates with the child and observes her closely to detect any symptoms. Then feels her forehead, nothing seems to be wrong but the teacher throughout the day keeps a close eye on that little girl. Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Observation of the Child. 101226.3 The behavior and health of the children shall be continually observed throughout the period of attendance. Textbook Materials: Chapter 2. Daily Health Observations. Page. 40. Even a simple cold, toothache, allergic reaction, or chronic tonsillitis will disrupt a childs energy level, cooperati on, attention span, interest, and enjoyment of learning. Chapter 2. Daily Health Observations. Page. 42. Health Observations are a simple and effective screening tool readily available to teachers. Sight, much can be learned about childrens health by merely watching them in action. A simple touch can detect a fever or enlarged lymph glands. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations the child needs to be observed of any unusual performances during the entire class time, and its easily detected when a child is not having as much fun as others. According to the observation, once the girl enters the classroom she is fine but then her mood changes. The teachers responsibility is to take a closer eye on any symptoms that could trigger the child to act that way. In the textbook looking at the child an even slightly touching the child a teacher can defect illnesses beforehand. In the preschool observation a pat on the forehead is shown to make sure she has no fever, communicating with the child is another way to prevent early health risks. Recommendations: When the child is telling you his/her problems thats the teachers cue to help the child. The child needs be heard, listen and at the same time observe their health and behavior.

(a)

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

5.

Observation Entry 5: The non smoking sign is located at the back door where the playground is located. Whether its indoors or outdoors children can still be exposed to the smoke. The sign is descriptive and reminds the faculty that smoking is prohibited according to the Health and Safety code of Title 22. Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Smoking Prohibition. 101231 Smoking is prohibited on the premises of a child care center as specified in Health and Safety Code Section 1596.795(b). Health and Safety Code Section 1596.795(b) states: The smoking of tobacco on the premises of a licensed day care center shall be prohibited. Textbook Materials: Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 183 The buildings from early childhood programs should be located away from heavy traffic, excessive noise, air pollution, animals, exposure to chemicals, bodies of water, large equipment, and other similar hazards to protect childrens health and safety. Page 190. Children are exposed to a variety of indoor air pollutants, including formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, radon, asbestos, cigarette smoke, paint fumes, lead, numerous household chemicals, and pesticides. Studies continue to demonstrate a close relationship between these pollutants and an increased rate of respiratory illnesses, allergies, and asthma among children. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations smoking is not allowed near a child care center. According to the observation, the non smoking sign is a reminder for the staff and parents not to smoke outdoors, indoors and near the preschool center. In the textbook material the child care center needs to be built on a specific location where no exposure to pollution, chemicals anything that could damage the child's health. Same goes for inside the center. In the preschool observation indoor smoking is strictly prohibited because a child can be exposed by the indoor air pollution. Recommendations: Children exposed to cigarette smoke are likely to have asthma. Teachers can have parent-teacher conferences and talk about eliminating asthma and any others that could harm the childs health.

(a) (1)

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

6.

Observation Entry 6: The firs aid equipment is located near the restroom area. Stored below in the lower cabinets, its locked and secured. I asked the student teacher about the items the first aid kit contains she said, Every supply required to have inside a first aid ki t the preschool center has it. The first aid kit is used only by staff.

Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Health- Related Services. 101226. (d) The licensee shall maintain the following first-aid supplies in a location accessible to staff but inaccessible to children: (1) A current edition of a first-aid manual. (2) Sterile first-aid dressings. (3) Bandages or roller bandages. (4) Adhesive tape. (5) Scissors. (6) Tweezers. (7) Thermometer. (8) Antiseptic solution. Textbook Materials: Chapter 9. Management of Injuries and Acute Illness. Page. 238. Providing a fully equipped first aid kit that is stored in a central location. Modified kits can be prepared for individual classrooms and for taking along on field trips. Basic First Aid Supplies for Schools: First aid book or reference cards emergency telephone numbers. Gauze pads and roller gauze - Scissors- blunt tipped Bandages- assorted sizes - Tweezers Adhesive tape - Thermometers-2 Antibacterial soap or cleanser Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations and in textbook material have the same requirements listed for emergency care that is mandatory for a child center to obtain. According to the observation, the student teacher stated that the first aid items fit the rules and regulations of what is to be expected when a child is injured. In the preschool observation firs aid kits are stored in a location where only staff can access. Recommendations: Have weekly First aid checks, making sure all the necessary equipment is there. Also any cleansers or substances that have expiration dates write them down, to ensure if they are affective.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

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Observation Entry 7: If a child is fatigue during the day there is foaming mats for a child to rest. The mat is also used for ill children there cleaned after ever use, so no transferring an illness can occur. As for napping I didnt witness the resting portion of the day but I asked a teacher about the napping equipment children use she said, Children sleep on floor mats, that have a material that is easy to clean, and colorful so the children can differentiate the floor from the mat.

Title 22 Regulations: Article 7. Napping Equipment. 101239.1 (b) Floor mats used for napping shall be: (1) Constructed of foam at least 3/4 inch thick. (2) Covered with vinyl or similar material that can be wiped. (3) Marked or colored so that the sleeping side can be distinguished from the floor side. (4) Wiped with a detergent/disinfectant weekly or when soiled or wet. (5) Maintained in a safe condition with no exposed foam.

Textbook Materials: Chapter 5. The Infectious Process and Environmental Control. Page 127 A solution of cup of bleach to 1 gallon of water is inexpensive and effective for wiping off large play equipment, cribs, sleeping mats, and strollers. Changing tables, mats, and potty chairs should be constructed of nonporous materials and free of any tears or cracks for ease of cleaning. Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 187. Materials such as tile plastics, and vinyl are ideal for wall and floor coverings because they are easy to clean. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations and the in text material the mats for children to rest on needs to be in a material that is easy to clean, color mats are a better option to use and wiped after every use. According to the observation, the material of the mat is specifically for comfort and cleaning. The mats are colorful so the children can know which is the floor and the mat. Also if the center disinfects the floor mats used by ill children I am pretty sure the center does the same after every nap. Recommendations: Have weekly checks to assure the mats are in good condition and make sure to store the mats where children have no easy acess.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBERVATION

8.

Observation Entry 8: The daily schedule is posted on the bulletin board, the afternoon snack is Gold Fish crackers and Cranberry juice. The children are setting in their seats, with clean hands and eagerly waiting for their afternoon snack. The drinks and snacks are put on a clean tray. First the plastic bowls and cups are to each child, the cups and plates are sealed in a Ziploc bag. Then the juice is gradually poured into a pitcher rather than its original container. In a counter clock wise style the children help themselves, pouring the juice on their paper cups and serving Gold fish crackers with a spoon. The crackers came in a silver bowl covered with plastic wrap.

Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Food Service. 101227. (19) All food shall be protected against contamination. Contaminated food shall be discarded immediately. Textbook Materials: Chapter 19. Food Safety. Page 464. The way in which food is handled, stored, transported, and prepared ultimately affects the health of those who consume it. All packaged food wrappers should be intact to protect the product from potential contamination. Food should be covered or wrapped during transport to help maintain temperature control and avoid the possibility of microbial contamination. When serving foods, each serving bowl, dish, or pan should have a spoon. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations and text material are engaging in food safety. From how the food is handled, placed, exchanged and cooked the individual who eats the food is affected. According to the observation, the Gold Fish crackers are served with a spoon and sealed on a plastic wrap to cover the top portion of the bowl. The spoon and plastic wrap are ways to protect the food from contamination. The cups and plates before using them are sealed in plastic bags. The food serving is very well preserved and handled with care. Recommendations: In order to avoid food contamination serve food with a spoon and eat food with a utensil instead of using hands. If the juice is poured in a plastic cup use a straw to drink from it, avoid mouth and unsanitary cup contact.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION 9.

10

Observation Entry 9: Outside the preschool classroom there is a daily schedule posted on the bulletin board. The schedule indicates the daily activities the preschool program provides for every classroom session. The afternoon schedule contains group gatherings, work time/ indoor or outdoor classroom, clean up, and snack time. During the preschool observation I witness children painting, eating, going to the bathroom, chasing ,and engaging in story time.

Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Activities/ Napping. 101230. (a) Each center shall provide a variety of daily activities designed to meet the needs of children in care, including but not limited to: (1) Quiet and active play. (2) Rest and relaxation. (3) Eating. (4) Toileting. Textbook Materials: Chapter 1. Childrens Well-Being: What It Is and How to Achieve It. Page 20. Vigorous physical activity should be an essential part of every childs day. Teachers should review classroom schedules and look for ways to incorporate more physical activity into daily routines. Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 185 Installation of child sized fixtures, including sinks, toilets, soap dispensers, and towel racks, allow children to care for their own needs. Chapter 12. Nutritional Guidelines. Page 323. Preschoolers and school-aged children should participate in at least 60 minutes of structured physical activity during the day. They should also be given opportunities to engage in several hours of unstructured physical activity.

Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations a center needs to have daily activities for the child to be engaged in. According to the observation, the center has a daily activity schedule to address the variety of activities the children are participating in. In the textbook material daily activities are a requirement, child size toilet and sinks, and hands on crafting are essential for a child to poses. In the preschool observation the children are free to use the restroom, painting, using their motor skills and chasing around the room.
Recommendations: Dont let children run or chase indoors, allow them to transfer that activity outdoors where there is plenty of room.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION 10.

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Observation Entry 10: The indoor have forms in the side of the entrance door, in the restroom, and outdoors. These forms are incase of injury or serious medical attention. In outdoor play a teacher in charge to carry a clipboard of emergency forms for any emergency injury the child experiences.

Title 22 Regulations: Article 6. Health- Related Services. 101226. (1) The teacher supervising activities away from the center premises shall carry one of the following for each child engaged in such activities: (A) A signed consent form for emergency medical treatment; or (B) For a child not required to have a consent form for emergency medical treatment pursuant to Section 101220(f), the phone numbers of the authorized representative, relatives or others who can assume responsibility for the child in an emergency. Textbook Materials: Chapter 7. Creating High-Quality Environments. Page 180. Safeguarding childrens health and well-being is a fundamental responsibility of teachers and school administrators. Notarized permission forms, listing the name, address, and telephone number of the childs physician. Chapter 9. Management of Injuries and Acute Illness. Page. 237. Prevention of unintentional childhood injuries is a major responsibility of families and teachers. A schools comprehensive emergency response plan should address: Obtaining contact information and notarized permission that authorities emergency medical treatment from each childs parent/guardian. Analysis: In Title 22 Regulations a teacher needs to have emergency and medical forms on their hands when supervising a child outside the center. According to the observation, the teacher has the responsibility to obtain forms whenever the child is outdoors or away from the center for emergency care. In textbook material its the teachers duty to care for each child, when injuries or anything that distress the child. Have a plan to deal with emergency procedures. In the preschool observation there are forms located around the center easy to access incase of an emergency. The teachers are aware of the health and safety of a child. Recommendations: Have an organized, labeled file of all the children's medical forms, emergency contact and any important information the child and staff needs.

TITLE 22 HEALTH OBSERVATION

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Reference Page Marotz, L.R. (2009). Health, Safety, and Nutrition for the Young Child. 7th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning.