INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT (IPO) DIAGRAMS

What is it?
The IPO diagram is a visual representation of a process or activity. It lists
input variables and output characteristics.

Why use it?

It is useful in defining a process and recognising the input variables and
responses or outputs.

When to use it?

• Understand what inputs are needed to achieve each specific output.

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

What is a Process?
A process is anything that converts input, by doing work, into output.
Our business is made up of many processes e.g.:
• Recruitment process.
• Order entry process.
• Design process.
• Forecasting process.
• Manufacturing process.

What is a Process Flow Diagram?

A process flow diagram shows the various steps, in the right order that form an
overall process.

Why use it?

• To define, understand and locate non-value added steps in the process.
• Identify opportunities for improvement and / or simplification of overall
process.
• Identify inadequacies or opportunities for improvement in individual process
steps.
• Provide a framework for establishing internal customer/ supplier requirements.

When to use it?

At all times. It is necessary to understand how any job or process operates.