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^2007 uehs&
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Tel:- 072-4102400
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we;af;a;a
ke;s
ke;af;a;a ke;s ;rug ishq jQ
o ;D;Sh wrEm [aKh
^wdls[ap[ah;kh&
Ydka;"
m%;
jYfhka
fufkys
lsfuka ,efnk b;d ishq jQ
iudm;a;sh'
by; lajQ luia:dk ish,af,a tl;=j 38 ls'

39. wdydf mlal+,i[aj
- zln<SldrdydrhZ ^wkqNj lrk

wdydrh&
ms<sl=,a
jYfhka
kqjka isys lsu'
40. Od;=ukisldrh
- Yrfhys mj;sk mG" wdfmda"

f;afcda" jdfhda hk Od;+ka
wkq j kqjka fufkys lsu'
-15-
fuu i;<sia luia:dk w;=frka ldh.;di;sh yd

wdkdmdki;sh yer fiiq wkqiai;s wg o wdydrfhys
ms<sl=,aixj o Od;=ukisldrh o hk luia:dk oyh"
Wmpdr iudh ^m%:uOHdkhg b;d wdikak iudu;a
njla& muKla ,nd fohs' wmKd OHdk ^rEmdjpr"
wrEmdjpr iud& fuu oyfhka fkd ,ef' mG-lisKh
wd fiiq luia:dk ;sy wmKd OHdk o ,nd fohs'
wmKd ^rEmdjpr" wrEmdjpr& iud ,nd fok
luia:dk ;sy w;ka oi lisK yd wdkdmdki;s hk
luia:dk tfld<fika rEmdjpr OHdk i;r ,ef' oi
wiqN yd ldh.;di;s hk luia:dk tfld<fika
m%:uOHdkh ,ef' uq,a n%yau ydr ;=k jk fu;a;d lreKd - uq;d hk luia:dkhkaf.ka m%:u - oa;Sh ;D;ShOHdk ;=k muKla ,ef' WfmalaLd n%yau ydrh yd
wrEmdjpr iudm;a;s y;r" p;=:OHdkh muKla ,nd foa'
^wrEmdjpr iudm;a;s y;r" OHdkdx. jYfhka i,lk
l,ays rEmdjpr p;=:OHdkfha wx.j,ska hq;= jk neka
fufia olajk ,'& fuys rEmdjpr OHdk ms<sn| j olajk
,oafoa zp;=IalZ kh l%uhg h'
-16-
3. iqoa
uq,ska iu:h jvd wk;=re j oYkdjg fhduq jk
fhda.djprhdg by; i|yka luia:dk w;=ka p;dkql+,
luia:dkhla mdol lr f.k Wmpdr - wmKd iudka
,nd f.k wk;=re j oYkdjg fhduq h yels h' th
ziu:mQjd.u oYkdZ l%uh hs' tfia;a ke;s k Wmpdr
- wmKd iudka iu: jYfhka hqKq fkd fldg" i;r
i;smGdkhg wkq.; jk f,i ukd isys - kqjka hq;=
fjka rEm yd kdu Ouhka m.%y lrka ^kqjka
iuYkh lrka& o fhda.djprhdg oYkdjg fhduq h
yels h' th zY=oaO oYkdZ l%uh hs' ^fuys mQjfhka
iu: jYfhka iudh hqKq fkd l< o ialkaO - Od;= wdh;k - mpiuqmamdo Ou oYkd kqjka
iuYkh lrk fhda.djprhd ;=< kSjrK Ou ikais
hdu ksid iudu;a njla we;s f'& fuf,i oYkd
N+hg wj;SK jk fhda.djprhd iska m%:ufhka u imqrd
.; hq;af;a iqoah hs' mD:.ackhka iska zi;aFjhdZ zmqoa.,hdZ - zuuZ - zwd;auhZ jYfhka jrojd .%yKh lr
f.k ;sfnkafka iswgla jQ rEm Ou iy f;mkia kdu
Ou ^fomkia ffp;isl iy [aKh& mu' fuu
kdu-rEm Ou ;=< mrud: jYfhka i;aFjfhla"
mqoa.,fhla fyda wd;auhla we;eZhs lshd jrojd .ekSu jer
oDIahls' tu jer oDIah re lr .kska" ;ud ;=<
mj;sk kdu-rEm Ou kqjka fjka lr f.k tu kdurEm Ou ;=< zi;aFjZ - zmqoa.,Z - zwd;auZ - zuuZ jYfhka
.; yels lsisjla ke;s nj ukd kqjka jgyd f.k"
zi;aFjZ oDIah blaujd hka kdu-rEm ms<sn| j
h:djfndaOh we;s lr .ekSu iqoah hs'
kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh kqjka
ie,lSfuys fhfok fhda.djprhd wgis rEm iy f;mkia
kdu Ouhkaf.a;a ,CLK" ri" mpqmGdk" moGdk hk
lreKq ms<sn| j wjfndaO lr .; hq;= h'
-17-
- zmp;a;,CLKZ
fyj;a
kdu-rEm
Ouhkaf.a iajNdj-,CIK wjfndaO lr
.ekSu' WyrKhla f,i mGOd;=j .;a
l,ays tys ;o - fudf<dla - r - isks nr - ieye,a jYfhka ,CIK yhla
we;' tu iajNdjhka mGOd;=f
zmp;a;,CLKZ
fyj;a
iajNdj
,CIKfhda h'
2. ri
- kdu-rEm
Ouhkaf.a
lD;Hhka
wjfndaO lr .ekSu'
3. mpqmGdk - kdu-rEm Ou is;g jegfyk wdldrh
kqjka ie,lSu'
4. moGdk
- kdu-rEm Ouhkag wdikak lreK
wjfndaO lr .ekSu'
1.
,laLK
fuf,i kdu-rEm Ou kqjka fjka lr f.k

olsk fhda.djprhdg tu kdu-rEm Ou jkdys i;aFj"
mqoa.," wd;au fkd jk yqfola fya;=-M, Ouud;%hla u nj
wjfndaO f' kduh;a - rEmh;a tlsfklska fjka lr f.k
kqjka olsk fhda.djprhd tu kdu-rEm Ou ms<sn| j
wjfndaO lr .kq ,nkafka fldrdf.a ^ms<df.a& iy
wkaOhdf.a Wmudjg wkq j h' ta fufia hs' tk" oEi
fkd fmfkk wkaOfhla iy weo hd fkd yels fldfrla
Tjqfkdjqka l;sld lr f.k Tjqfkdjqkaf.a Wmldrfhka
wjYH ;ekg .shy' weo hd fkd yels fldrdj ;u msg
u; ysjd .;a wkaOhd" ;udf.a oEi fkd fmkqKq o
fldrdf.a u. fmkau wkq j ksjer f,i .uka lf<a h'
fuu Wmudj wkq j rEm Ou wkaOhd n h' wruqKq k
.ekSf yelshdjla rEmhg ke;' kdu Ou ^;a;"
ffp;isl Ou& fldrd n h' kdu Ouhkag wruqKq k
.; yels jqj o .ukd bhjq meje;au l< fkd yel'
kdu Ouhkaf.a fufyhu u; rEmh bhjq meje;audh
is lrkafka fldrdf.a fufyhu wkq j wkaOhd .uka
-18-
lrkakdla fuks' fuf,i zremamkhZ jk ^jyd fjkia jk&

,CIKfhka hq;= foa rEmh jYfhkq;a wruqKg kefuk
,CIKfhka hq;= ;a;" ffp;isl Ou kduh jYfhkq;a
meye,s f,i kqjka fjka lr .ekSfuka ^kdu-rEm Ou
;=< i;aFj" mqoa.," wd;au jYfhka .; yels lsisjla ke;s
nj jgyd .ekSsfuka& jer oDIaka neyer f.dia
iqoah we;s f' r:hl wjhj fjka l< l,ays
mrud: jYfhka r:hla olakg fkd ,efnk w;r r:fha
fldgia ish,a, ukd j .e<mQ l,ays muKla zr:hZ hk
jHjydrh fhfoa'
tf,iska u kdurEmmfoKh
we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhdg kdu-rEm Ou ;=< mrud:
jYfhka i;aFjfhl= ke;s nj uekka wjfndaO f'
(1) h:dys w.iNdrd
fyda;s ioafoda rf:da b;s"

tajx Lkafiq ikaf;aiq
fyda;s i;af;da;s iuq;s'
kdkdO wjhj iuQyhla tlg .e<mQ l,ays zr:hZh

hk jHjydrh îuq;sh - m%{ma;sh& fhfokafka h fia o
tfia u ialkaOhka we;s l,ays zi;aFjhdZ hk jHjydrh
fhfoa'
(2) laLfjys ifNda;s
laLx ;sG;s f;s p"

kd[a[;% laLd ifNda;s
kd[a[;% laLd ksreCO;S'
fuys yg.kafka lla u h' î;aFjfhla fkd f!&

mj;skafka;a ke;s j hkafka;a lla u h' l yer wka
lsisjla fuys my< fkd f' l yer wka lsisjla fuys
ksreoaO fkd f'
^NsCLqkSixhq;a;fha - jrd iQ;%h&
-19-
fuf,i kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh kqjka

jgyd .;a fhda.djprhd ;=< YdYaj; oDIah ^zi;ksl
wd;auhla we;eZhs lshd jrojd .;a oDIah& fuka u Wfo
oDIah ^zi;aFjhd urka u;= kdY hkafka hZ hs lshd
jrojd .;a oDIah& n jer oDIa my< fkd f' ^fuys
jer oDIaka re hkafka iuqfo jYfhka fkdj
;o. jYfhks'& fuf,i YdYaj;" Wfo" i;aFj" wd;aud
jer oDIakaf.ka is; uqojd .kska kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a
h:diajNdjh ^f,!lsl jYfhka& wjfndaO lr f.k oDIah
msis lr .ekSu iqoah hs'
iqoah
we;s
lr
.ekSfuka
zkdurEmmfoKhZ ^kdu - rEm ms<sn| j uQ,sl
jYfhka wjfndaO lr .ekSf kqjK& imQK u is jk
w;r fuh zkdurEmjj;a:dkZ - ziLdrmfoKZ hk
kj,ska o yekaf' iqoah wh;a jkafka
z;m[aZ fyj;a kdu-rEm Ou ms<sn| iajNdj,laIK ^mp;a;,laLK& jgyd .ekSf wjfndaOhg h'
-20-
4. lLd;rKiqoa
iqoah imQK lr.;a fhda.djprhd iska
;m[af <`. whr jk lLd;rKiqoah
imQK lr .ekSug jEh l< hq;= h' kdu-rEm Ouhka
yg.ekSu i|yd uq,a jk fya;=-m%;Hhka ms<sn| j ukd j
wjfndaO lr .kska w;S; - j;udk - wkd.; hk
ld,;%h ms<sn| iel re lr .ekSu lLd;rKiqoah hs'
kdu-rEm Ouhka zi;aFjZ - zmqoa.,Z - zwd;auZ jYfhka
jrojd .;a mD:.ackhd ;=<" zuu w;S;fha isfh o@
ke;fyd;a fkd isfh o@ uu urka u;= wkd.;fhys
jkafk o@ ke;fyd;a fkd jkafk o@ ka iskafka;a
fmr is uu o ke;fyd;a wfkflla o@ urka u;=
i;aFjfhla ishs o@Z hkd jYfhka i;aFjhd ms<sn| j
fkdfhla wdldr jQ iel mj;S' ;ud ;=< i;aFjfhl= fyda
mqoa.,fhl= fyda wd;auhla jYfhka .; yels meje;aula
ke;s nj;a we;af;a yqfola u kdu-rEm foflys fya;= - M,
meje;au muKla nj;a uekka wjfndaO lr f.k
iqoah we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd tu kdu - rEm
Ouhka yg.ekSug fya;= jQ m%;Hhka ms<sn| j wk;=re j
kqjka uid ne,sh hq;= h'
kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a fya;=-M, inkaO;dj jgyd
.; hq;af;a mpiuqmamdohg wkq j h' woHdj ksid
ixialdr ^l=i,dl=i, lu& o ixialdr ksid [aKh
^mika& o [aKh ksid kdu - rEm o kdu - rEm ksid
i<dh;k o i<dh;k ksid iamYh o imYh ksid u o
u ksid ;Kaydj o ;Kaydj ksid Wmdkh o Wmdkh
ksid Njh ^lu& o Njh ksid Wm; o Wm; ksid
crdurK o we;s jk nj mpiuqmamdohg wkq j kqjka
uik fhda.djprhdg w;S; fya;+ka ksid j;udk M, o
j;udk fya;+ka ksid wkd.; M, o yg.kakd nj;a
j;udk fya;+kaf.a wNdjfhka wkd.; M, ksreoaO jk
nj;a ukd j wjfndaO f' fuu wjfndaOh we;s lr .;a
-21-
fhda.djprhdg kdu-rEm Ouhka ms<sn| w;S; - wkd.; j;udk hk ld,;%h .ek iel re hhs' nqoaOd wg
;eka ms<sn| iel o ^;djld,sl j& ixisug m;a f'
ixialdrhkaf.a wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ;s%,laIKh
ms<sn| j o ielhla we;s fkd f' fuys kdu-rEm Ou
ms<sn| iel re hkafka iuqfo jYfhka fkdj ;o.
jYfhks' fufia m[ap-WmdkialkaO ^kdu-rEm& ms<sn| j
mpiuqmamdohg wkq j kqjka olska w;S; - j;udk
- wkd.; - wdOHd;al - ndysr Ou ms<sn| j fya;=
m%;Hhka uekka wjfndaO lr .kska iel re lr .ekSu
lLd;rKiqoah hs' th zh:dN+;KZ" ziudoiaikZ
hk kj,ska o yekafjk w;r fuu kh o
z;m[aZ fyj;a kdu-rEm Ou ms<sn| iajNdj-,laIK
^mp;a;,laLK& jgyd .ekSf wjfndaOhg wh;a f'
lLd;rKiqoah
imQK
lr
.;a
fhda.djprhdj
zpq,a,fida;dmkakZ
kka
mqrdK
wdpdhjrhka iska ykajkq ,en we;' fuu wjia:djg
m;a fhda.djprhd lh lrkafka k taldka;fhka u
iq.;s.d f' tfuka u fuu fhda.djprhd fu;eka mgka
bhg kj uydoYkdk Wmojd .ekSug;a tfia u
m%udKj;a fya;+ka we;s l,ays ud.-M, ,eug;a iqiql
,nhs'
-22-
5. u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoa
lLd;rKiqoah imQK lr .;a fhda.djprhd
wk;=re j oYkd Ndjkdj hqKq lr f.k hdf is;g
wruqKq jk wdf,dalh" m%S;sh n ;;aFjhka ksid zud.-M,
,enqfjZhs lshd uq<d h yels h' tfia uq<d fkd ienE
f,i u ud. - M, ,efnk m oYkd Ndjkdj bhg
imQK lr f.k hdu i|yd ksjer u. l=ula Zhs lshd
wjfndaO lr .ekSu" u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah hs'
iLdrmfoKfhka
iqoah;a
mphm.a.yKfhka lLd;rKiqoah;a we;s lr
.;a fhda.djprhd iska z;m[aZ fyj;a ixialdr
Ouhkaf.a iajNdj ,laIK ms<sn| imQK we;s lr
.kakd ,oafoa fjhs' z;m[ajZ imQK lr .;a
fhda.djprhdg ud.h yd wud.h û. - fkd u.& ms<sn|
kh we;s jkafka wk;=re j z;SrKm[ajgZ
t<efuks' f,!lsl zm[aZ ;=kla ;sf' ^zm[aZ hkq
msis| wjfndaO lsu" imQK f,i wjfndaO lr .ekSu
hk w:h hs'&
1. ;m[a :- kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a iajNdj-,CIK
^mp;a;,laLK& wjfndaO lr .ekSf kh' tk"

zremamk fyj;a jyd fjkia jkiq nj rEmfha ,CIKh hs'
wruqfKys ri u fokdjkaf.a ,CIKh hsZ hkd
jYfhks' iLdrmfoKfha ^kdurEmmfoKfha&
mgka
mphm.a.yKh
olajd
wh;a
jkafka
z;m[aZ N+hg hs'
2. ;SrKm[a
kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a ;s%,CIKh

îdu[a[,laLK& wjfndaO lr .ekSf kh' tk"
zrEmh wks;Hh h - fokd wks;Hh hZ hkd jYfhks'
l,dmiuikKfha ^khmiaikd&
mgka
WohnhdkqmiaikdKh
olajd
wh;a
jkafka
z;SrKm[aZ N+hg hs'
:-
-23-
3. mydkm[a :- kdu-rEm Ouhka ms<sn| ks;Hix
wdh re ls jYfhka we;s jk oYkdk'

N.dkqmiaikdKfha
mgka
by<g
^f,daflda;a;r
ud.k ,eu f;la& zmydkm[aZ N+h hs' fuhg
WohnhKfha Wmu wOh o we;=<;a nj we;e
wdpdhjre woyia olaj;s'
u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah we;s lr .ekSu i|yd

fhda.djprhd iska zl,dmiuikZ fyj;a zkhmiaikdZ
l%uhg oYkd jeu wdrN l< hq;= h' fuys
zl,dmiuikZ fyj;a zkhmiaikdZ Ndjkd l%uh f,i
yekafjkafka w;S; - j;udk - wkd.; hk ;=ka ld,hg
wh;a O wdldrfha ixialdr Ouhka iuia;hla jYfhka
f.k tu ixildrhkaf.a wks;H - laL - wkd;au ,CIK
jgyd .ekSu hs' tk rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr [aK hk ialkaO mi"
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
w;S;
wkd.;
j;udk
wdOHd;al ^wCO;a;&
ndysr ^nysoaOd&
r ^<dl&
7. ishq îqLqu&
8. my;a ^ySk&
9. Wiia ^m;&
10. r
11. <`.
hk tfldf<dia wdldrh wkq j wruqKq lr f.k

ixialdr Ou wks;H - laL - wkd;au jYfhka
oYkdjg kexu zl,dmiuikZ l%uh fyj;a
zkhmiaikdjZ hs' tu wjfndaOfhys msysgd ;j rg;a
mpiuqmamdohg wkq j yd ialkaO jYfhka wruqKq
lrka ixialdr Ouhka wks;H - laL - wkd;au jYfhka
oYkdjg kxjd ne,sh hq;= h'
wk;=re j m[ap-WmdkialkaOhkaf.a idudkH,CIK jk wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ;s%,CIKh
-24-
uekka wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd uydp;a;d<Sidldr

miaikd Ndjkd l%uh Nd; l< yels nj iqoau.a.
.%ka:fhys i|yka f' p;a;d<Sidldr miaikd Ndjkdj
hkq wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ,CIK ;=k i;<sia
wdldrhlska ia;r jYfhka kqjka lSu hs' m[apWmdkialkaOhkays fuu wdkj i;<si u olakg ,ef'
p;a;d<Sidldr miaikd Ndjkdj

1. wkspf;da - wks;H jYfhka lSu:-
rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK hk

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys jyd ygf.k hk neka o
iar j fkd mj;akd neka o wks;H h'
2. laLf;da - la jYfhka lSu:-
kdu ^fokd" i[a" iLdr" [aK&" rEm ^mG"

wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda& Ouhka ksrka;rfhka we;s j ke;s
fjka i;aFjhd fm<k neka o lg u fya;= mj;sk
neka o la h'
3. frda.f;da - frda.hla jYfhka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys fkdfhla m%;Hhkaf.ka

ikaisjd .; hq;= frda.hla n ksid o frda.hkag jia;=jla
neka o frda.hla n h'
4. .Kavf;da - .~qjla ^ms<sldjla& jYfhka lSu:-
fokd f.k fok neka o flf,ia kue;s ierj

je.sfrk neka o yg.ekS - - iys; neka o
m[ap-WmdkialkaO .~qjla n h'
5. i,a,f;da - W,la jYfhka lSu:-
we;=<; k ^W,la& n j mSvd f.k fok neka o

neyer lsu Ialr neka o m[ap-WmdkialkaO W,la
n h'
-25-
6. w>f;da - m;la yd mdmhla jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wdkj nyq, neka

.yd l< hq;a;ls' tfuka u whym;" kmqr" mydksh
le|jk neka o m;aj,g yd mdmhg f;da;ekakla j
mj;sk neka o zw>Z h'
7. wdndOf;da - wdndOhla jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wkqka iska /l n,d

.; hq;= frda.sfhl= fuka ;ukag wji`. j mj;sk neka o
frda.dndOhkag jia;=jla neka o wdndOhla n h'
8. mrf;da - wkqka i;= foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys ;udf.a ji`.fhys

fkd mj;sk neka o ;udg hgy;a j fkd mj;sk neka o
zmrZ h'
9. mf,dalf;da - m jk foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
jHd - crd - urK wdfhka m[ap-WmdkialkaO

hk neka zmf,dalZ h'
10. B;sf;da - jHik jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wfkalO m;a - jHik

f.k fok neka zB;sZ h'
11. Wmoaojf;da - Wmj jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
uy;a jQ wk: is lrk neka o ish Wmjhkag

jia;= jk neka o m[ap-WmdkialkaOfhda zWmjfhdaZ h'
12. Nhf;da - Nh jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
ish NS;Skag wdlrhla neka o ish laj,

ksfrdaOh jk ksjkg m%;smlaI neka o m[apWmdkialkaO zNhZ h'
-26-
13. Wmi.a.f;da - wka;rdhla" fodaIhla jYfhka kqjka
lSu:fkdfhla wk:hka yqnk ksid o fodaIhkaf.ka

.yK neka o m[ap-WmdkialkaOfhda zWmi.a.fhdaZ h'
14. p,f;da - ief,k foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
crd - jHd - urKhkaf.ka fuka u ,dN - w,dNd

f,dal Ouj,ska m[ap-WmdkialkaO ks;r ief,k"
fjkia jk neka zp,Z h'
15. mN.=f;da - f|k foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
ndysr Wml%u wdfhka yd iajNdjfhka u f|kiq

neka m[ap-WmdkialkaO zmN.=Z h'
16. woaOqjf;da - wiar foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
fjkia f ish wjia:djkag m;a jk neka o

iar Ndjhla ke;s neka o m[ap-WmdkialkaO
zwoaOqjZ h'
17. w;a;dKf;da - wkdrCIs; foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys i;aFjhkaj cd;s - crd urK wd iir lska /l .ekSug iu;a fkd f' m[apWmdkialkaO mj;sk f;la i;aFjhkag fCIau Ndjhla"
ksNhNdjhla fkdue;s neka ialkaOfhda zw;a;dKZ fj;a'
18. wf,aKf;da - wdrCIs; ia:dkhla fkd f hZhs kqjka
lSu:we,Sug kqiqiq neka o wdrCIdjla fidhk

i;aFjhkag wdrCIs; ia:dkhla fkd jk neka o
ialkaOfhda zwf,aKZ fj;a'
19. wirKf;da - msysgla ke;s foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
ialkaOhka weiqre lrkakd jQ i;aFjhkag thska lsis

msysgla ke;s neka m[ap-WmdkialkaO zwirKZ h'
-27-
20. ;a;f;da - ysia foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
i;aFjhka iska jrojd i,lkq ,nkakd jQ ks;H iqN - iqL - wd;auNdjhkaf.ka m[ap-WmdkialkaO ysia
neka z;a;Z h'
21. ;=Pf;da - ;=P jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
idr;ajfhka w,am neka ialkaOfhda z;=PZ fj;a'

22. iq[a[f;da - Y+kH jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
iajd - ksjdiS - ldrl - fol wd jYfhka

lsisfjla m[ap-WmdkialkaO ;=< ke;s neka zY+kHZ h'
23. wk;a;f;da - wkd;au jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
z;udZ h" zwd;auhZ h jYfhka iajd;ajhlska .; hq;=

lsisjla ke;s neka m[ap-WmdkialkaO zwkd;auZ h'
24. wdkjf;da - wdkj ^fia& lS jYfhka kqjka
lSu:m[ap-WmdkialkaOhkaf.a meje;au la iys;

neka o <s Ndjfhka hqla; neka o wdkj iys; h'
25. mKduOuf;da - fmrf<k iajNdjfhka hq;= foa
jYfhka kqjka lSu:crdjg m;a jYfhka o urKhg m;a

jYfhka o ialkaOhka jyd fmrf<k iajNdjfhka hq;= h'
26. widrlf;da - idrhla ke;s foa jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
j, .il t,h fuka myiqfjka hk neka

m[ap-WmdkialkaO zwidrlZ h'
27. w>uQ,f;da
- jHikhkag yd mdmhkag uq,a jQ foa

jYfhka kqjka lSu:m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys ish jHikhkag yd
mdmhkag uq,a jk neka zw>uQ,Z h'
-28-
28. jOlf;da - jOlhka jYfhka kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys ;=re ,dYfhka

mefKk i;=frl= fuka m[ap-WmdkialkaO flfrys
Yajdih ;enQjkaj tu ialkaOhka iska u crd urKdfhka kid ouk neka ialkaOfhda zjOlfhdaZ h'
29. Njf;da - kdYhla f,i kqjka lSu:-
m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys i;aFjhkag wNsjDoahla

fkdj kdYh u f.k fok ksid zNjZ h'
30. idijf;da - wdi%jhkag ys; jQ foa jYfhka kqjka
lSu:wdi%j
^flf,ia&
yg.ekSug
m[apWmdkialkaOhkaf.a meje;au fya;= jk neka zidijZ h'
31. iL;f;da - fya;+ka ksid yg.;a foa jYfhka kqjka
lSu:m[ap-WmdkialkaO fya;= - m%;Hhkaf.ka yg.;a

meje;aula neka ziL;Z h'
32. udrdif;da
- udrhdf.a f.dre jYfhka kqjka
lSu:m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys urKh k jQ uref.a

ûpqudr& yd flf,ia keu;s uref.a f.dre neka
zudrdiZ h'
33. cd;sOuf;da - bmu iajNdjh fldg we;s foa jYfhka
kqjka lSu:cd;sh fyj;a Wm; hkq m[ap-WmdkialkaOhkaf.a

yg.ekSu hs' yg.ekSu ^Wm;& iajNdjh fldg we;s neka
m[ap-WmdkialkaO zcd;sOuZ h'
-29-
34. crdOuf;da - u iajNdjh fldg we;s foa jYfhka
kqjka lSu:crdj fyj;a u - uy u m[apWmdkialkaOhkag wh;a Ou;djls' ksr;=re j fjkia jk

m[ap-WmdkialkaO l%ufhka crd - K ;;aFjhg
m;ajk neka zcrdOuZ h'
35. jHdOuf;da
- jHdh iajNdjh fldg we;s foa

jYfhka kqjka lSu:jHd - f,v - la - mSvd ish,a, yg.kafka m[apWmdkialkaO we;s neks' tneka m[ap-WmdkialkaO
zjHdOuZ h'
36. urKOuf;da
- urKh iajNdjh fldg we;s foa

jYfhka kqjka lSu:laIl j is jk hdu fuka u ;h ksreoaO
f ziuq;s-urKhZ mj;skafka o m[ap-WmdkialkaO
we;s neks' tneka m[ap-WmdkialkaO zurKOuZ h'
37. fidalOuf;da
- fYdalhg fya;= jk foa jYfhka
kqjka lSu:fYdalhg fya;= jk iEu foa u yg.kafka m[apWmdkialkaO we;s neks' m[ap-WmdkialkaO ke;s k
fYdalhg lreKla o ke;' tneka m[ap-WmdkialkaO
zfidalOuZ h'
38. mfoajOuf;da - y~kakg fya;= jk foa jYfhka
kqjka lSu:y~kakg" je,fmkakg is jk ;sjHik"

fNda.jHik wd lgql w;alSj,g i;aFjhkag uqyqK
mEug is jkafka m[ap-WmdkialkaO we;s neks' tneka
m[ap-WmdkialkaO zmfoajOuZ h'
-30-
39. WmdhdiOuf;da - f,i is;" lh ojk foaa jYfhka
kqjka lSu: ldhsl udkisl" mSvdjkag i;aFjhkag uqyqK

mEug is jkafka m[ap-WmdkialkaO mj;sk ksid h'
tneka m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys zWmdhdiOuZ h'
40. ixlsf,aislOuf;da - flf,iSug fya;= jk Ou;djla
jYfhka kqjka lSu:m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys ;DIaKd" oDIa" Yap;

wd
flf,iSj,g
Ih
jk
fCIa;%h
neka
zixlsf,aislOuZ h'
fuu wdkj y;<sfyka wksp" mf,dal" p," mN.="
woaOqj" mKduOu" widrl" Nj" iL;" urKOu hk
oyh zwks;HZ ,CIKh m%lg lrhs' tu oidldrh wkq j
m[ap-WmdkialkaO
oYkdjg
kxjk
g
wkspdkqmiaikdj mkia wdldr f' ;j o mr" ;a;" ;=P"
iq[a[" wk;a; hk wdkj my zwkd;auZ ,CIKh m%lg
lrhs' tu mia wdldrh wkq j m[ap-WmdkialkaO
oYkdjg kxjk g wk;a;dkqmiaikdj ismia wdldr
f' laL" frda. wd jQ fiiq wdkj ismy ;=<ska m%lg
flfrkafka zlaLZ ,CIKh hs' tu ismia wdldrh wkq j
m[ap-WmdkialkaO
oYkdjg
kxjk
g
laLdkqmiaikdj tlish ismia wdldr f' fuf,i wdldr
foishhlska (50 + 25 + 125) wks;Hd jYfhka m[apWmdkialkaO oYkd kqjka iuYkh lrk g
zkhmiaikdZ kka yekafjk" m[ap-WmdkialkaO
;s%,CIKhg kxjd ne,Sf oYkd Ndjkdj isf;ys
;yjqre f'
wk;=re j ;j rg;a kdu - rEm Ou oYkd
lsug zrEmi;a;lZ yd zwrEmi;a;lZ hk l%uh o Nd;
l< yels h'
-31-
rEmi;a;l l%uh
^rEmh oYkdjg kxjk wdldr 7&
1. wdkkslafmk - zwdkZ hkq m%;sikah hs' zkslafmkZ
hkq urKh hs' f fol w;r f. hk wdhq ld,h tla

;hls' Wmu jYfhka .;a l,ays th jI ishhla ;r
jkq we;' f ld,h ;=< mj;sk ish ixialdr Ou wks;H
h' ygf.k hk neka o fjkia jk ^mKdu&
neka o ks;H njg reoaO neka o wks;H h' tfia yg.;a
wks;H jQ ixialdr Ou crdjg m;a j taldka;fhka u
hhs' tneka fuu ixialdr Ou jkdys i;aFjhka
ksrka;rfhka fm<k neka o taldka; la neka o lg
jia;=jla jk neka o iemhg reoaO neka o l h'
ksr;=re j fjkia jk ixialdr Ou fkd rk f,i
fkd f|k f,i mj;ajd .ekSug i;aFjhka leu;s jqj;a
th tfia l< fkd yel' ixialdr Ou ;udf.a ji`.fhys
mj;ajd .; fkd yels neka o wiajdl neka o
uu;ajfhka ysia ^Y+kH& neka o wd;ah woyig reoaO
neka o wkd;au h' fufia m%;sikafha mgka urKh olajd
mj;sk rEm ish,a, wks;H - laL - wkd;au jYfhka
kqjka olska oYkd lsu zwdkkslafmkZ l%uh hs'
2. jfhdajqoaO;a:.u - ld,dkqrEm j is jk rEmfha
mKduh mfoj,g fjka lr f.k oYkd lsu h"

fuhska woyia lrkq ,nkafka'
jI ishhla j;a jk flfkl=f.a m<uq jI
;sia;=k zm%:u jhiZ f,i;a fojeks jI ;siay;r zuOHu
jhiZ f,i;a b;s jI ;sia;=k zmYau jhiZ f,i;a fjka
lr f.k fuf,i rEmh oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tk"
zm%:u jhfiys mej;s rEmh uOHu jhig fkd meK m%:u
jhfiys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka m%:u jhfiys mj;sk
rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h' uOHu jhfiys
mj;sk rEmh mYau jhig fkd meK uOHu
jhfiys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka uOHu jhfiys mj;sk
-32-
rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h' mYau jhfiys

mj;sk rEmh urka Tng .uka lsula ke;' tneka
tu rEmh o wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjks'
wk;=re j tu jI ishh jI oyfha mfo oyhlg
fn .kska"
1. m<uq jir oyh
2. fojeks jir oyh
3. f;jeks jir oyh
4. isjqjeks jir oyh
5. miajeks jir oyh
6. yhjeks jir oyh
7. y;ajeks jir oyh
8. wgjeks jir oyh
9. kjjeks jir oyh
10. oijeks jir oyh
- ukao oYlh ^<ore ld,h&

- lS%vd oYlh ^fl<s-fi,a,ka f.jk
ld,h&
- jK oYlh ^fidre fh!jk
ld,h&
- n, oYlh ^ldh n,fhka hqla; jk
ld,h&
- m% oYlh ^kqjK uqyql=rd hk
ld,h&
- ydks oYlh ^Yr Yla;sh msfyk
ld,h&
- zmNdrZ oYlh ^Yrh u|la l=
.efik ld,h&
- zmjlZ oYlh ^Yrh jvd;a l=
.efik ld,h&
- fudauQy oYlh ^l< foa wu;l jk
ld,h&
- ihk oYlh îhkfha .; lrk
wjika ld,h&
fuf,i fldgia lr f.k wk;=re j fufia rEmh

oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tk" zm%:u oYlfhys rEmh
fojeks oYlhg fkd meK tys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka
tu rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h''''' kjjeks
oYlfhys mej;s rEmh oijeks oYlhg fkd meK tys u
ksreoaO fjhs' tneka tu rEmh wks;H h - laL h wkd;au h' oijeks oYlfhys mej;s rEmh B<`. Njhg
fkd meK tys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka tu rEmh
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjks'
-33-
fufia oYl jYfhka oYkdjg kxjd wk;=re j

jI my ne.ska fldgia iailg fn f.k by; lajQ
wdldrhg rEmh oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tk" zm%:u
jI mfiys mej;s rEmh fojeks jI myg fkd f.dia
tys u ksreoaO f' tneka tu rEmh wks;H h - laL h wkd;au h''' isjeks miajfiys mej;s rEmh urKfhka
Tng .uka fkd fldg tys u ksreoaO f' tneka rEmh
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjks'
kej; jI i;r ne.ska ismia fldgila jYfhka
fn f.k o jI ;=k ne.ska f;;sia fldgilg fn
f.k o jI fol ne.ska mkia fldgilg fn f.k o
jIh ne.ska ishla fldgilg fn f.k o by; lajQ
f,iska rEmh oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' wk;=re j tla
jIhla R;= ;=kg fn f.k oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
tk" zjiaidk isjq ufiys mej;s rEmh fyauka;hg
fkd meK tys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka rEmh wks;H h laL h - wkd;au hZ hkqfjks' fiiq R;= fol ms<sn| j;a
fufia u h' wk;=re j foui ne.ska jIh fldgia yhlg
fn f.k o zmqrZ mh - zwjZ mh jYfhka udih
fldgia follg fn f.k o rEmh oYkdjg kexh
hq;= h' wk;=re j tla kla i,ld f.k zoyj, mej;s
rEmh rd;s%hg fkd meK tys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka
rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjka
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tfuka u fmrjrej uOHdyakh - ijiajrej - rd;S% m%:u hduh - rd;S% uOHu
hduh - rd;S% mYau hduh jYfhka kh fldgia yhlg
fn f.k fmr fia u rEmh oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
wk;=re j bhg hdu" wdmiq ye tau" Yd - wkqYd
ne,Su wd ls%hdjka i,ld f.k zbhg hEf mej;s
rEmh ye wdmiq tau olajd fkd mej;S tys u ksreoaO
jkafka h' tneka rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z
hkqfjka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' ilauka lsf tla
mshjrla ;eu"
-34-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
mh tiu
bhg hEu
Tfkdn p,kh lsu
my;a lsu
u ;eu
;o lsu
jYfhka fldgia yhlg fn f.k ta tla tla

fldgil mej;s rEmh wfkla fldgig m;a fkd
tys u ksreoaO jk nj jgyd .kska zrEmh wks;H h laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
fufia rEmh oYkdjg kxjk fhda.djprhdg" rEmh
jkdys CIKhla CIKhla mdid f.ug" h ug hk
myfka jeh yd f;, fuka jyd fjkia hk Ou;djla
nj jegfya' fuf,i jfhdajqoaO;a:.u l%ufhka o
fhda.djprhdg rEmfha wks;H;dj wjfndaO lr .ekSu
myiq f'
3. zwdydruh-rEmZ oYkdjg kexu - wdydruh rEmhkays
wks;H;dj l=i.sks we;s g yd ke;s g jvd;a m%lg j

fmfka' l=i.sks we;s g yg.kakd rEm jK h;
u,dksl iajrEmfhka hq;= h' wdydrfhka l=i msreKq g
yg.kakd rEm uD myiska hq;= h; m%; h; jKj;a h'
zl=i.sks we;s g mj;sk rEm l=i msreKq wjia:dj olajd
fkd mej;S
tys u ksreoaO fjhs' l=i msreKq g mj;sk
rEm l=i.sks wjia:dj olajd fkd mej;S tys u ksreoaO fjhs'
tneka rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au"z h hkqfjka
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
4. zW;=uh - rEmZ oYkdjg kexu - iD;=uh rEmhkays
wks;H;dj YS; - WIaK wjia:djkays yg.kakd

rEmhkaf.ka jvd;a m%lg f' WIaK ld,fhys yg.kakd
rEm u,dksl h; jK h' YS; ld,fhys yg.kakd rEm
m%; h; jKj;a h; uD myiska hq;= h' zYS; ld,fhys
-35-
mj;sk rEm WIaK ld,h olajd fkd mej;S tys u ksreoaO

fjhs' WIaK ld,fhys mj;sk rEm YS; ld,h olajd fkd
mej;S tys u ksreoaO fjhs' tneka rEmh wks;H h - laL
h - wkd;au h hkqfjka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
5. zluc rEmZ oYkdjg kexu - luc ^mqrdK luh
ksid yg.;a& rEm ms<sn| j m%lg j k .; yelafla

i<dh;k oajdr .ek ie,lSfuks' ta ta oajdrhkays mj;sk
luc rEm l,dm fufia h'
wei ^plaLqoajdr& - rEm l,dm j. yhls'

1. plaLqoil
- mG" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK"
.kaO"
ri"
cd"
;SJsh"
plaLqmamido
2. ldhoil
.kaO" ri" cd" ;SJsh" ldhmamido
3. Ndjoil
.kaO" ri" cd" ;SJsh" NdjrEm
4. W;=iuqGdk
.kaO" ri" cd
5. ;a;iuqGdk - mG" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK"
.kaO" ri" cd
6. wdydriuqGdk - mG" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK"
.kaO" ri" cd
ish u rEm (10x3) + (8x3) = 54
lk ^fida;oajdr&" kdih ^>dkoajdr&" j ^ydoajdr&
hk wdh;kj, o by; lajQ m u rEm mkiay;r ne.ska
we;' fjki jkafka zplaLqmamidoZ - rEmh fhKq ;ek
ms<sfj,ska fida;mamido" >dkmamido" ydmamido hk rEm
fhh hq;= nj hs'
-36-
lh ^ldhoajdr& - rEm l,dm j. myls'

1. ldhoil
2. Ndjoil
3. W;=iuqGdk
.kaO" ri" cd
.kaO" ri" cd
.kaO" ri" cd
ish u rEm (10x2) + (8x3) = 44
yohjF:q ^yDohjia;=-rEmh& - rEm l,dm j. yhls'
1. jF:qoil
.kaO" ri" cd" ;SJsh" yohrEm
2. ldhoil
3. Ndjoil
4. W;=iuqGdk
.kaO" ri" cd
.kaO" ri" cd
.kaO" ri" cd
ish u rEm (10x3) + (8x3) = 54
fhda.djprhd iska ta ta oajdrhkays mqrdK luh
ksid yg.;a rEm l,dm o fiiq W;= - ;a; - wdydr
iuqGdk rEm l,dm o hk rEm ish,a, ms<sn| j kqjka
i,lka tu rEm ish,a, fufia oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
tk" zwefiys ^plaLqoajdrfhys& yg.;a rEm lkg
-37-
^fida;oajdrhg& fkd meK tys u ksreoaO f' tfia u

lfkys rEm kdihg o kdifha rEm jg o fjys rEm
lhg o lfhys rEm yDohjia;=-rEmhg o fkd meK tys u
ksreoaO f' tneka rEmh wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z
hkqfjks'
6. ;a;c - rEmZ oYkdjg kexu - ta ta is;aj, iycd;
Ndjfhka yg.kakd rEm o we;' tu ;a;c-rEmj,

wks;Hh fidkia - fkia wjia:dj, yg.kakd
rEmj,ska jvd;a m%lg f' is; fidkia iy.; wjia:dj,
yg.kakd rEm uD h; m%;h h; jKj;a h' is; fkia
wjia:dj, yg.kakd rEm jK h; u,dksl h' Zfidkia
iy.; wjia:dj, yg.kakd rEm fkia iy.;
wjia:dj olajd fkd mej;S tys u ksreoaO f' fkia
iy.; wjia:dj, yg.kakd rEm fidkia iy.;
wjia:dj olajd fkd mej;S tys u ksreoaO f' tneka rEmh
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"Z hkqfjka oYkdjg
kexh hq;= h'
7. zOu;d - rEmZ oYkdjg kexu - fuys zOu;d -
rEmZ jYfhka ie,flkafka rka - - uq;= - uela wd

jYfhka wfkal m%fNao jQ l,amh yg.kakd ld,fha mgka
f,dj my< jk bJsh m%;snoaO fkd jQ rEm h' zW;=c - rEmZ
.Khg wh;a jk tu rEm m%Odk jYfhka mG" wdfmda"
f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO" ri" cd hk zY=oaOdIaglZ
rEm l,dmhkaf.ka ieliS we;' Yo - rEmh o we;=<;a jk
l,dmj, rEm .Kk kjhls' fuu Ou;d - rEmj,
wks;Hh myiqfjka jgyd .ekSug wfYdal .iaj, fld<
WyrKhla jYfhka ie,lsh yels h' wfYdal .iaj,
yg.kakd wxl=r uq,ska u u| r;= mdg h' k lsysmhlska
fudark ,d o" ;o r;= meyefhka hq;= h' k lsysmhlska
kej;;a ,d r;g yefrk tu o ;j;a k lsysmhlska ,d
fld< meyefhka hq;= ,m m;% njg m;a f' wk;=re j
m;% frE l, ;o fld< meyehg yef' tfia mj;sk m;%
-38-
lf,l b m~qjka meye .ekA kgqfjkA .s,syS u

m;s; f fufia ,d r;= meye wxl=rj, mej;s rEm ;o r;=
meye o njg fkd meK tys u ksreoaO f wjfYaI
wjia:dj, mej;s rEm o wjidkfha m;%h b m~qjka meye
njg m;a u olajd fkd mej;S ta ta wjia:dj, u ksreoaO
fjhs' tneka ndysr jYfhka mj;sk rka - - uq;= uela
wd ish Ou;d rEm o wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"
hkqfjka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
fuf,i" rEmh ms<sn| wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk
;s%,CIKh wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd zrEmi;a;lZ l%uh
Nd; l< yels w;r wk;=re j kdu Ouhkaf.a
;s%,CIKh wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd wrEmi;a;l l%uh
Nd; l< yels h'
wrEmi;a;l l%uh
^zkduZ Ou oYkdjg kxjk wdldr 7&
1. zl,dmZ l%uh - ;a;" ffp;isl Ouhka iuQy jYfhka
f.k tu kdu Ou wks;H - laL - wkd;au jYfhka

oYkdjg kexu l,dm l%uh hs' rEmi;a;l Ndjkd
l%uhkays lajqKq f,i tu i;a wdldrh wkq j rEmh
oYkd lrk ;a;" ffp;isl Ou iuQyh iuia;hla
jYfhka kqjka i,ld f.k tu ;a;" ffp;isl Ou
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h jYfhka fuys
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' WyrKhla f,i" Wmf;a mgka
urKh olajd mj;sk rEm urKfhka Tng .uka lsula
ke;' Wm;;a urKh;a w;r mj;sk rEm ish,a, u
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h' fuf,i rEmh oYkd
lsf my< jk fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK
hk kdu ialkaO y;rg wh;a kdu Ou ish,a, u
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h" jYfhka oYkdjg
kexh hq;= h' ^fuys ta ta is;a wkq j my< jk ffp;isl
Ou ms<sn| wjfndaOhla fhda.djprhd iska m<uqfjka
-39-
we;s lr f.k ;sh hq;= w;r fuys ,d zl,dmZ hkafkka

Miai" fokd" i[a" f;kd" ;a; hk Miaim[apul
kdu Ou iuQyh woyia lrkq ,ef' rEmh oYkd
lsf we;s jk fuu kdu Ou iuQyh oYkdjg
kexu zl,dmZ l%uh hs'&
2. zhulZ l%uh - rEmS yd wrEmS Ou hq., jYfhka f.k
oYkdjg kexu zhulZ l%uh hs' tk" m<uqfjka Wmf;a

mgka urKh olajd mj;sk rEm wks;H h - laL h wkd;au h" hkqfjka rEmh ms<sfj,ska oYkd fldg tfia
rEmh oYkd l< is; ^;a; - ffp;isl Ou& wks;H h
- laL h - wkd;au
h" hkqfjka wfkla is;lska
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' fuh zhulZ l%uh hs' tf,i u
zjfhdajqoaOF:.uZ-rEm" wdydruh-rEm" W;=uh-rEm" lucrEm" ;a;c-rEm" Ou;d-rEm wks;H h - laL h wkd;au h"
hkqfjka oYkdjg kxjd tfia rEmh
oYkd l< is; o wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"
hkqfjka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h'
3. zLlZ ^CIK jYfhka ne,Sf& l%uh - Wmf;a isg
urKh olajd mj;sk rEm wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"

hkqfjka m<uqfjka rEmh oYkdjg kxjd tfia rEmh
oYkd l< ^m<uq& is; ^;a; - ffp;isl Ou& wks;H h
- laL h - wkd;au h" hkqfjka wfkla is;lska
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' ta ^fojeks& is; o wks;H h laL h - wkd;au h hkqfjka ;j;a ^;=kajeks& is;lska
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tu ^;=kajeks& is; o wks;H h laL h - wkd;au h" hkqfjka wfkla îsjqjeks& is;lska
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tu îsjqjeks& is; o wks;H h laL h - wkd;au h" hkqfjka ;j;a ^miajeks& is;lska
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' fufia rEmi;a;lhg wh;a
fiiq rEm o oYkdjg kxjka rEm oYkd l< is;
;j;a is;a mrmrd ^;a; & i;rlska oYkd lsu
zLlZ l%uh hs'
-40-
4. zmmdZ l%uh - Wmf;a isg urKh olajd mj;sk rEm
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h"

hkqfjka rEmh
oYkdjg kxjd tfia rEmh oYkd l< ^m<uq& is;
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h" hkqfjka wfkla ^fojeks&
is;lska oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' ta fojeks is; ;=kajeks
is;lska oYkdjg kexh hq;= h';=kajeks is; h<s isjqjeks
is;lska oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' fufia ms<sfj,ska
oijeks is; olajd oYkdjg kxjd tu oijeks is; o
wks;H h - laL h - wkd;au h" hkqfjka tfldf<diajeks
is;lska oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' fufia î;a
wdldrhg u& rEmh oYkd l< is; ;j;a is;a mrmrd
oyhlska ms<sfj,ska oYkdjg kexu zmmdZ l%uh hs'
5. zW.a>dgkZ l%uh - wxl 5, 6, 7 hgf;a lafjk wrEm
oYkdjka jkdys fjka fjka jQ oYkd l%u fkd f'

rEm - wrEm Ou oYkd lsu ;=<ska oDIa - udk ;DIaKd re lsu h" bka woyia jkafka'
rEm-wrEm Ouhka oYkdjg kxjkakd jQ
fhda.djprhdg tu Ou i;aFjfhl= fkd f hZhs jegfya'
i;aFj oDIah re jQ l,ays ixialdr ms<sn| jQ jer
oDIaka o re f'
;j o zuu oYkd Ndjkd jv' f udf.a
oYkdj hZ" hkqfjka .kakd l,ays th jer oDIahls'
tfy;a ;shqKq f,i" kdu-rEm Ou oYkdjg kxjkakd jQ
fhda.djprhdg yqfola ixialdr Oufhda u ixialdr
Ouhka oYkd lr;sZ hs lshd wjfndaO jQ l,ays oDIah
re lrk ,Z hs ie,fla'^fuhska woyia flfrkqfha zuuZ h
lshd .kq ,nkafka;a ixialdr Ou u nj;a ta ixialdr
iska kdu-rEm ixialdr Ou oYkdjg kxjk nj;a h'&
6. udkiuq.a>dgk ûdkh ke;s lsf& l%uh - wd;au-
oDIah" i;aFj oDIah re l< is;ska ixialdr Ou

oYkdjg kxjk fhda.djprhdg udkh we;s fkd f'
tfy;a h fhda.djprfhl= zuu uekka oYkd jvZ hs
-41-
lshd i,lkafka k Tyqf.a udkh re ke;' ixialdr

Oufhda u ixialdr Ouhka oYkd lr;sZ hs lshd
wjfndaO lr .;a l,ays udkh re lrk ,oafoa fjhs'
7. kslka;smhdk ^we,au re lsf& l%uh - udkh re
l< is;ska ixialdr oYkdjg kxjk fhda.djprhdg

oYkdj ms<sn| j we,au ^;Kaydj& we;s fkd f' tfy;a
h fhda.djprfhl= zudf.a oYkd jeu fyd| heZ hs
lshd i,lkafka k oYkdj ms<sn| Tyqf.a we,au re
ke;' ixialdr Oufhda u ixialdr oYkd lr;sZ hs lshd
wjfndaO lr .;a l,ays ;DIaKdj re lrk ,oafoa fjhs'
ixialdr Ou wkd;au jYfhka oYkd lsf
^wd;au& oDIah;a ixialdr Ou wks;H jYfhka oYkd
lsf udkh;a ixialdr Ou la jYfhka oYkd
lsf ;DIaKdj;a re hk nj fuys ie,lsh yels h'
fufia wrEmi;a;l l%uh wkq j kdu Ou
oYkdjg kexfuka fokd - i[a - iLdr [aK hk kdu ialkaOhkaf.a ;s%,CIKh wjfndaO lr
.ekSu myiq f'
kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a ;s%,CIKh jgyd .;a
fhda.djprhd iska wk;=re j m[ap-ialkaO we;s ke;s îuqoh-jh$Wohnh& jYfhka mkia wdldrhlska
iuYkh lrka ialkaOhkaf.a we;s u - ke;s u
^Wohnh& ms<sn| j wjfndaO lr .ekSug jEh l< hq;= h'
j;udk
fya;=j w;S; fya;=
I.) rEm - WmdkialkaOh:
ziuqohZ - we;s u'

1. woHdj ksid rEmh yg.kS'
2. ;Kaydj ksid rEmh yg.kS'
3. luh ksid rEmh yg.kS'
4.
wdydr ksid rEmh yg.kS'
5.
rEmh yg.kakd CIKfhys

yg.ekSf îuqoh& ,CIKh
lSu'
-42-
zm%;HhZ
jYfhka
rEmfha
yg.ekSu kqjka lSu'
^mphf;da&
zCIKZ
jYfhka
rEmfha
yg.ekSu kqjka lSu'
^LKf;da&
zjhZ - ke;s u'

6. woHdj ksreoaO fuka rEmh
ke;s f'
7. ;Kaydj ksreoaO fuka rEmh
ke;s f'
8. luh ksreoaO fuka rEmh
ke;s f'
9. wdydr ksreoaO fuka rEmh
ke;s f'
10. rEmh hk CIKfhys ke;s
f ^jh& ,CIKh lSu'
zm%;HhZ jYfhka rEmfha ke;s

u ^jh& kqjka lSu'
zCIKZ jYfhka rEmfha ke;s

u kqjka lSu'
j;udk
fya;=j w;S; fya;=
II.) fokd - WmdkialkaOh:
ziuqohZ - we;s u'

1. woHdj ksid fokd yg.kS'
2. ;Kaydj ksid fokd yg.kS'
3. luh ksid fokd yg.kS'
4.
iamYh ksid fokd yg.kS'
5.
fokd yg.kakd CIKfhys

lSu'
zjhZ - ke;s u'

6. woHdj ksreoaO fuka fokd
ke;s f'
7. ;Kaydj ksreoaO fuka fokd
ke;s f'
8. luh ksreoaO fuka fokd
ke;s f'
9. iamYh ksreoaO fuka fokd
ke;s f'
10. fokd hk CIKfhys ke;s
f ^jh& ,CIKh lSu'
-43-
zm%;HhZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zCIKZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zm%;HhZ jYfhka zjhZ kqjka

lSu'
zCIKZ jYfhka zjhZ kqjka

lSu'
j;udk
fya;=j w;S; fya;=
III.) i[a - WmdkialkaOh:
ziuqohZ - we;s u'

1. woHdj ksid i[a yg.kS'
2. ;Kaydj ksid i[a yg.kS'
3. luh ksid i[a yg.kS'
4.
iamYh ksid i[a yg.kS'
5.
i[a yg.kakd CIKfhys

lSu'
zjhZ - ke;s u'

6. woHdj ksreoaO fuka i[a
ke;s f'
7. ;Kaydj ksreoaO fuka i[a
ke;s f'
8. luh ksreoaO fuka i[a
ke;s f'
9. iamYh ksreoaO fuka i[a
ke;s f'
10. i[a hk CIKfhys ke;s
f ^jh& ,CIKh lSu'
zm%;HhZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zCIKZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ

lSu'

lSu'
j;udk
fya;=j w;S; fya;=
IV.) iLdr - WmdkialkaOh:
ziuqohZ - we;s u'

1. woHdj ksid iLdr yg.kS'
2. ;Kaydj ksid iLdr yg.kS'
3. luh ksid iLdr yg.kS'
4.
iamYh ksid iLdr yg.kS'
5.
iLdr yg.kakd CIKfhys

lSu'
-44-
zm%;HhZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zCIKZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zjhZ - ke;s u'

6. woHdj ksreoaO fuka iLdr
ke;s f'
7. ;Kaydj ksreoaO fuka iLdr
ke;s f'
8. luh ksreoaO fuka iLdr
ke;s f'
9. iamYh ksreoaO fuka iLdr
ke;s f'
10. iLdr hk CIKfhys ke;s
f ^jh& ,CIKh lSu'

lSu'

lSu'
j;udk
fya;=j
w;S; fya;=
V.) [aK - WmdkialkaOh:
ziuqohZ - we;s u'

1. woHdj
ksid
yg.kS'
2. ;Kaydj
ksid
yg.kS'
3. luh
ksid
yg.kS'
ksid
[aKh
[aKh
zm%;HhZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
zCIKZ
jYfhka
kqjka lSu'
ziuqohZ
[aKh
4.
kdu-rEm
yg.kS'
[aKh
5.
[aKh yg.kakd
CIKfhys yg.ekSf îuqoh&
,CIKh lSu
zjhZ - ke;s u'

6. woHdj
ksreoaO
fuka
[aKh ke;s f'
7. ;Kaydj
ksreoaO
fuka
[aKh ke;s f'
8. luh
ksreoaO
fuka
[aKh ke;s f'
9. kdu-rEm
ksreoaO
fuka
[aKh ke;s f'
10. [aKh hk CIKfhys
ke;s f ^jh& ,CIKh lSu'
-45-

lSu'

lSu'
fuu mkia wdldrh wkq j WohnhKh we;s lr

.kakd fhda.djprhd" m%;Hh jYfhka o" CIK jYfhka o"
ialkaO mfiys we;s u yd ke;s u meye,s j l .kS'
fuu mkia wdldrfhka ialkaOhkaf.a we;s u - ke;s u
olsk fhda.djprhd ,nd we;af;a ;reK ^wdrNl&
oYkdj hs' fuf,i ^;reK& oYkdj werUQ
fhda.djprhdg" oYO oYkd Wmlaf,aY yg.ekSug bv
;sf' fuu oYkd Wmlaf,aYhka jkdys Ouh wjfndaO
l< wdhY%djlhka jykafiag o Ndjkd m%;smj jrojd .;a
;eke;a;dg o lugyk w;ay< l=iS; mqoa.,hdg o we;s fkd
f' ksjer f,i oYkd Ndjkdj jvk wdrN l<
hh we;s l=,mq;%hdg u fuu oYkd Wmlaf,aY
we;s f'
oYkd Wmlaf,aY
1. Ndi
- wdf,dalh ôYkdf n,fhka m[ap-kSjrK

hgm;a u ksid n,j;a wdf,dalhla is;g wruqKq
f'&
îxialdr
Ouhkaf.a
h:diajNdjh
2. K
- kqjK
jegfykakg mgka .ekSfuka fmr fkd mej;s
n,j;a kqjKla we;s f'&
3. mS;s
- ksrdi m%S;sh îxialdr Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh
meye,s j wruqKq jk g fmr fkd jQ rE ksrdi
m%S;shla we;s f'&
4. miaioa - ikaisu ôYkdj fkd lvjd is lrk g my<
jk n,j;a l=i,a is;a yd fYdaNk ffp;isl ksid
is; yd kdu-lh ikaisf|a' ieye,a f'&
5. iqL
- iemh ôYkdj fkd lvjd jeu ksid m%S;sh"
ikaisu wruqKq jk g fmr w;a fkd gq n,j;a
iemhla is;g fka'&
6. wfudlaL - n,j;a Y%oaOdj îxialdr Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh
;udf.a u kqjKg wruqKq jk g f;rejka
ms<sn| j fmr fkd ;snqKq n,j;a Y%oaOdjla we;s f'&
- hh îxialdr Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh kqjka
7. m.a.y
olsk g iir lska fokq msi fkd lvjd
-46-
Ndjkd lr f.k hdug fmr fkd ;snqKq n,j;a

WfoHda.hla fuka u ,sys,a fkd jQ;a fkd jQ;a
hhla isf;ys we;s f'&
8. WmGdk - isysh ôYkd im%hqla; jQ isysh n,j;a f,i we;s
jk w;r w;S; - wkd.; - j;udk ld,;%hg wh;a
wjYH iEu wruqKla u oYkd kqjka fufkys
lsug ;r isysh msis j" wp, j mj;S'&
9. WfmalaLd - ueoy;a nj [WfmaCIdj] îxialdr Ouhkaf.a
;s%,laIKh ukd j jegfyk g tu ixialdr Ou
ms<sn| uOHia: jYfhka oYkd WfmaCIdj we;s
f' tfuka u ufkdaoajdrfhys wdjck WfmaCIdj o
n,j;a f'&
10. kslka;s - we,au ^fufia wdf,dalh" kh" m%S;sh n
.=Khkaf.ka hqla; j oYkdj hqKq jk g ta
ms<sn| j ishq jQ we,aula isf;ys we;s f'&
zudyg ka fmr fun wdf,dalhla" khla we;s

jQfha ke;' fun m%S;shla ikaisula - iqjhla - n,j;a
Y%oaOdjla - hhla - i;shla - WfmaCIdjla we;s jQfha ke;'
taldka;fhka ud.hg m;a ; M,hg m;a Z hkqfjka
fuu oYkd Wmlaf,aYhkag uq<d jk fhda.djprhd
f,daflda;a;r ud.h fkd ,nd u zuu ud.h ,enQfjZhs
lshd o f,daflda;a;r M,h fkd ,nd u zuu M,h
,enQfjZhs lshd o jrojd .kakg bv ;sf' fufia
f,daflda;a;r wdhud.h yd M,h fkd ,nd u ud.h yd
M,h ,nk ,Z hs lshd uq<d fuka oYkd ud.fhka
neyer u is f' tg tu fhda.djprhd uQ,luia:dkh
w;ayer tu Wmlaf,aYhka ms<sn| we,Sfuka ^;Kaydfjka&
hq;= j wiqka f.k yskq we;' fuys ,d wdf,dalh wd uq,a
Wmlaf,aY kjh Wmlaf,aY jia;= kd wl=i, Ou
fkd f' tfy;a oYkdj flfrys we;s jk we,au fyj;a
zkslka;shZ Wmlaf,aY jia;=jla fuka u Wmlaf,aYhla o f'
fuu oYO Wmlaf,aY ;Kayd - - udk hk .%yK
;=fkka .=K fuka z.%yKZ jYfhka ;sia-wdldr f' oCI
fkd jQ fhda.djprhd fuu wdf,dalh ^Ndi& wd Wmlaf,aY
-47-
yg.;a l,ays tu wdf,dalh zuu h - udf.a h - udf.a

wd;auh
hZ
hkqfjka
jrojd
.ekSfuka
ie,Sug
fCIamNdjhg m;a f'
tfy;a kqjKe;s oCI fhda.djprhd wdf,dal wdh
we;s jQ l,ays ztu wdf,dalh o wks;H h; fya;= - M,
jYfhka yg.;a Ou;djla neka tu wdf,dalh o CIh
hkafka h; ke;s hkafka h; tys o fkd we,sh hq;=
jkafka h; wd;au jYfhka fkd .; hq;= jkafka h; mej;S
ksreoaO jk neka tu wdf,dalh wks;H h; yg.ekS jYfhka i;aFjhd fm<k neka lg wh;a h;
tksid u tu wdf,dalh o uu - udf.a - udf.a wd;auh
jYfhka .; hq;a;la fkd jkafka hZ hkqfjka oYkdjg
kxjd n,hs' tfia u k - m%S;s wd fiiq Ouhka o ud.h
f,i jrojd fkd .kS' fufia fuu ;sia wdldr jQ
Wmlaf,aYhka re l< oCI fhda.djprhd wdf,dal wdh
oYkd ud.h fkd jk nj jgyd f.k ksjer f,i
oYkdk ,efnk ud.h ksYaph lr .ekSu
u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah hs'
u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah wh;a jkqfha f,!lsl
m[a ;=fkka ;SrKm[ajg h' z;SrKm[aZ hkq
ixialdr
Ouhkaf.a
idudkH
,CIK
^tk"
wks;H - laL - wkd;au ,CIK lSf kqjK h'&
u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah
imQK
jk
g
iuikKh yd WohnhKh imQK f' f jk
g fhda.djprhd wdhi;H ;=kla ms<sn| j f,!lsl
oYkd kqjka ukd j jgyd f.k ishs' tk
iqoah imQK lr .ekSfuka laL-i;Hh o
lLd;rKiqoah imQK lr .ekSfuka
iuqohi;Hh o u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah imQK lr
.ekSfuka ud.-i;Hh o ^f,!lsl jYfhka& ukd j
kqjka jgyd .ekSug fuf;la rg tu iqoaka imQK
lr .;a fhda.djprhd iu;a j ishs'
-48-
mmKoiaikiqoa
u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah imQK lr .;a
fhda.djprhd iu:-miaikd jeug we;s jk ndOl
u.yer .kska ukd isyskqjka hq;= j jd - rd;%S
foflys u oYkd Ndjkdfjys kshqla; fjka m[apWmdkialkaOh ;s%,CIKhg kxjd n,k g kj
uydmiaikdK imQK f' mmKoiaikiqoah
kka yekafjkafka fuu oYkdk kjh we;s lr
.ekSu ms<sn| j hs'
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
WohnhdkqmiaikdKh
N.dkqmiaikdKh
Nh;=mGdkKh
wdkjdkqmiaikdKh
kskqmiaikdKh
uq[a;=luH;dKh
miLdkqmiaikdKh
iLdrefmalaLdKh
ipdkqf,dalKh
fida;dmkak ud. is; iy M, is; ,efnkafka fuu

oYkdk n,j;a f,i wkqms<sfj,ska my< fuks'
tksid p;=rdhi;Hh wjfndaO lr .ekSug W;aidyj;a jk
fhda.djprfhda fuu oYkdk ms<sn| j Ouh ;=<ska
yrd k f.k tu k ,efnk ms<sfj,g u oYkd
Ndjkdj m%.=K lsug jEh lr;ajd!
[6:1] WohnhdkqmiaikdKh
mmKoiaikiqoahg wh;a jk oYkdk

we;s lr .ekSug W;aidyj;a jk fhda.djprhd ta i|yd
kej;;a WohnhKh hqKq lr .ekSu msi jEh l<
hq;= h' m<uq j we;s lr .;a WohnhKh kej; hqKq
lr .ekSu msi jEh l< hq;af;a wehs@ by; lS oYkd
- Wmlaf,aY we;s fuka WohnhKh j, j .sh
-49-
ksid h' j, j .sh WohnhKfhka ixialdr

Ouhkaf.a ;s%,laIKh uekka i,ld .ekSug kqmqjk'
tksid fhda.djprhd by; u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah
hgf;a ia;r flreKq wdldrhg rEm - fokd - i[a iLdr - [aK hk m[ap-WmdkialkaOhkaf.a iuqoh
^we;s u&" jh ^ke;s u& olska WohnhKh kej;;a
n,j;a lr .; hq;= h'
ixialdr Ouhkaf.a Woh ^we;s u&" jh ^ke;s u&
meye,s j fufkys fkd lrk l,ays o ika;;sfhka jeiS
hdu ^kdu-rEm Ou wLKav j mj;sk tl u m%jdyhla fia
fmkSu& ksid o wks;H ,laIKh wjfndaO fkd f'
ixialdr Ou ksid ksr;=re j u mj;sk mSvdj fufkys
fkd lrk l,ays o ks;r i;r bhjq fjkia lsu ksid o
laL ,laIKh m%lg fkd f' plaLqOd;= wd fkdfhla
Od;+ka fjka fldg fufkys fkd lrk l,ays o
>kixfjka îka;;s" iuQy" wdruK" lsp hk >k
i;r& jeiS hdu ksid o wkd;au ,laIKh wjfndaO
fkd f'
ixialdr Ouhkaf.a Woh ^we;s u&" jh ^ke;s u&
kqjka iuYkh lrk g wks;H ,laIKh jid f.k
mej;s ika;;s >kh ^tk" kdu-rEm Ou wLKav j
mj;sk tlu m%jdyhla fia fmfkk mrmrd inkaOh&
is;ska re hhs' tg wks;H ,laIKh we;s iefhka u
m%lg j jegfya'
tla bhjqjl isk g kdu-rEm Ou ksid we;s
jk mSvdj bhjqj fjkia l< l,ays ke;s hhs' tneka
bhdm: fyj;a bhjqj, meje;au laL ,laIKh
wdjrKh lrkakls' tfy;a Woh-jh jYfhka ixialdr
Ouhkaf.a we;s - ke;s olsk fhda.djprhdg
bhjq fjkia ixLHd; bhdm:fhka laL ,laIKh
wdjrKh fkd f' ixialdr ^kdu-rEm& Ouhkaf.a bm fol uekeka olsk fhda.djprhdg ksr;=re j we;s
jk ixialdrhkaf.a mSvdj myiqfjka ukisldr l< yels
-50-
f' tg laL ,laIKh we;s iefhka u m%lg f'

ialkaOhkaf.a meje;au ieliS ;sfnkafka mGOd;=
wd fkdfhla Od;+kaf.a iujdfhks' tu Od;+ka fjka fjka
jYfhka fkd olsk ;eke;a;d ta ish,a, >kixfjka
jrojd f.k ialkaOhka jkdys i;aFjfhl" mqoa.,fhl"
wd;auhleZhs jrojd .kS' tfy;a Woh-jh ms<sn| kh we;s
lr .;a fhda.djprhdf.a tu kh fhduq mj;skafka
fkdfhla Od;+ka Ifhys h' ta wkq j ialkaOhka iE
;sfnk mGOd;= wd fkdfhla Od;+kaf.a Woh-jh olsk
fhda.djprhdg >kixj re f.dia wkd;au ,CIKh
we;s iefhka u m%lg f'
[6:2] N.dkqmiaikdKh
fuf,i m[ap-WmdkialkaOhkag wh;a kdu-rEm

Ouhka wks;H - laL - wkd;au jYfhka oYkdjg
kxjd n,k fhda.djprhdg oYkd kqjK ;shqKq f.dia
ixialdr Ou jyd ygf.k hk whqre fmfka'
ixialdrhkaf.a Woh-jh yd ;s%,CIKh b;d u m%lg j
jegfykakg jQ l,ays ixialdrhkaf.a yg.ekSu - ia;sh meje;au - ks;a; hk wdldrhka wruqKq fkd
ixialdrhkaf.a u" CIh u" ksreoaO u u
fhda.djprhdf.a is;g wruqKq ug mgka .kS' fuf,i
fya;=-m%;Hhkaf.ka yg.kakd ixialdr jyd ksreoaO "
CIh hk wdldrh olsk fhda.djprhdg tu wjfndaOh
;shqKq jQ wjia:df N.dkqmiaikd k oYkdkh
we;s f'
tu N.dkqmiaikdKh ;j rg;a n,j;a u
i|yd fhda.djprhd j;udkhg wh;a rEm - fokd i[a - iLdr - [aK hk ixialdrhkaf.a hdu
oiqka kqjka ne,sh hq;= h' tu ialkaOhkaf.a u
olskakd jQ oiqka is; o hk whqre ;j;a is;lska
oYkd l< hq;= h' wk;=re j ;udg m%;HCI jQ j;udk
ialkaOhkaf.a ksfrdaOh ^N.h& idCIH fldg .kska
w;S;fha mej;S .shd jQ o wkd.;fhys yg.kakd jQ o
-51-
ish ixialdrhkaf.a ksfrdaOh oYkd kqjka l .;

hq;= h'
fuf,i N.dkqmiaikdKh we;s lr .ekSfuka
ixialdr Ouhkaf.a wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk
;s%,CIKh wjfndaO jk g fhda.djprhd ixialdr Ou
ms<sn| j n,j;a f,i l,lsf' tu fhda.djprhdg
ixialdrhka ms<sn| j zkkaZ fyj;a imS%;sl ;DIaKdj we;s
fkd f' ixialdrhka ms<sn| rd.h re fjka isf;ys
rd.h we;s f' fuf,i N.dkqmiaikd oYkdkh
we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd tu f,!lsl oYkdkfhka
rd.h re lrhs' ;DIaKdj jefvkakg bv fkd fohs'
ixialdr Ouhkaf.a u u olsk fhda.djprhdg yqfola
ixialdr Ouhka u ygf.k hk nj;a fuu m[apWmdkialkaO ;=< i;aFj - mqoa., - wd;au jYfhka .;
hq;= lsisjla u ke;s nj;a jvd;a m%lg j wjfndaO f' tu
wjfndaOh ;=<ska fhda.djprhdf.a is; ksjkg keUqre f'
N.dkqmiaikdj hqKq jQ fhda.djprhdg ixialdr
hkq fmfkkafka n, ue nkla hk moafoks'
tfuka u ishq ,s /ila is hk moafoks' jIdj
mj;sk wjia:djl .x bjqrl isk ukqIHfhl=g jeis
m;s; fuka .`. h u;=msg yg.kakd hnqnq jyd
hkq fmfkkafka h fia o N.dkqmiaikdj hqKq jQ
fhda.djprhdg ixialdr Ou hkq fmfkkafka o
tmoafoks'
fuu ;;aFjhg N.dkqmiaikdKh hqKq jQ l,ays
tu fhda.djprhdg wdksixi Ou wgla ,ef'
1. zi;ksl meje;aula we;eZhs hkqfjka jrojd .kakd
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nj ^YdYaj;& oDIah re f'

;hg ;sfnk we,au ^;dYdj& re f'
iir lska fokq msi ksr;=re j Ndjkd lsfuys
fh ishs'
msis meje;afuka ^wdjfhka& hqla; fjhs'
ndysr lghq;= ms<sn| W;aidyh re hhs'
-52-
6. h re hhs'
7. bjiSu yd hgy;a - iqjp nj we;s f'
8. wr;s - r;s uev,Sf yelshdj we;s f'
[6:3] Nh;=mGdkKh
ish ixialdr Ouhkaf.a CIh u - kdY u u - ksreoaO u oYkd kqjka wruqKq lrka
N.dkqmiaikdKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhdg tu
N.dkqmiaikdKh ;j rg;a jvk g ish Nj - .;s
- ;s - i;a;djdi hkd jYfhka m%fNao jQ ixialdr
Ouhka ms<sn| j uy;a jQ hla we;s f' iqj fia j;a
ug leu;s hckl ukqIHfhl=g isxy - jHd>% - j,ia - hCI - rdCI - kmqre n - f.dka - w,s - we;=ka If>dar imhka wd i;aFjhka yd fyK msms fidfydka - hqo - .sks w`.=re j<j,a wdh gq g hla
we;s jkafka h fia o tf,i u ixialdrhkaf.a wdkj
olsk fhda.djprhd ixialdr ms<sn| j uy;a fia h fjhs'
zw;S;fhys mej;s ixialdr o ksreoaO j .sfha h'
j;udkfhys ka mj;sk ixialdr o CIKhlska ksreoaO
fjhs' wkd.;fhys yg.kakd jQ ixialdr o tfia u
ksreoaO hkafka hZ hkqfjka oYkd kqjka olsk
fhda.djprhdg tu wjia:df we;s jk oYkdkh
Nh;=mGdkKh hs' f ms<sn| j lafjk Wmudjla
fufia hs' tla ia;s%hlf.a mq;=ka ;sfofkl= jer lrk , j
rcq iska Tjqkaf.a ysia is| ug ksfhda. lrk ,' mq;=ka
iu.ska jOlia:dkhg .shd jQ tu ia;%sh" rdcmqreIhka iska
;u jeuy mq;=f.a ysi is| fojeks mq;=f.a o ysi isug
wdrN l< l,ays ;u lksgq mq;= ms<sn| we,au w;ayer
ud h' ^lksgq mq;= o wk;=re fudfydf;ys h hk
ne'& tmoafoka u fhda.djprhd iska w;S; ixialdr
.sh whqre kqjka lSu" tu ia;s%h iska ;u jeuy
mq;=f.a isk ,o ysi lSu n h' fojeks mq;=f.a ysi iskq
,nk whqre tu ia;%sh iska l .kq ,nkafka h fia o
tf,iska fhda.djprhd iska j;udk ixialdr hk
-53-
whqre oiqka kqjka l .kq ,ef' tu ia;s%h" wk;=re j

jOhg lem jk ;u lksgq mq;= ms<sn| we,au w;ayer
oukafka h fia o tf,iska fhda.djprhd iska wkd.;fha
yg.kakd jQ ixialdr o hk whqre oYkd kqjka
l wkd.;h ms<sn| we,au w;aykq ,ef' fuu wjfndaOh
imsfrk wjia:dj Nh;=mGdkKh hs'
Nh;=mGdkKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd
ixialdrhkag h jkafka kmqre if;l=" hCIfhl= gq l,
;e;s .kakd NSrel mqoa.,fhl= fuka fkdj yqfola wdkj
kqjka lS jYfhka mu' tk" zw;S; ixialdr ish,a,
ksreoaO h' j;udk ixialdr o ke;s j hhs' wkd.;
ixialdr o tf,i u ke;s j hkafka hZ hkqfjka
ixialdrhkaf.a h:diajNdjh ;SrKh lr .ekSu u fuys ,d
ixialdrhkag h u hkqfjka woyia flf' kqjr frgqj
imfhys ;sfnk .sksw`.=re j<j,a ;=kla olsk ksfila"
zfjdg jefgk hfula f o Tyq kdYhg m;a jkafka hZ
hkqfjka ;SrKh lrhs' tmoafoka u ixialdrhkaf.a u
olsk fhda.djprhd Nj;%hg wh;a w;S; - j;udk wkd.; hk ld,;%hg ix.%y jk ish ixialdr hk
whqre kqjka olshs' tksid fyf;u
;j rg;a ixialdr
ms%h fkd lrhs' ixialdr kej; kej;;a yg.ekSu ms<sn| j
h fjhs' th Nh;=mGdkKh hs'
[6:4] wdkjdkqmiaikdKh
oYkd Ndjkdj uekka m%.=K lrka by;

i|yka Nh;=mGdkKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhdg
ish Njhkays msysgla /ljrKhla ke;s nj m%;HCI f'
ish Njhkag wh;a lsis ixialdrhla fkd m;k tu
fhda.djprhdg Nj;%h ms<sn| j jegfykafka .sks,a ksjqKq
.sksw`.=re j<la moafoks' ;j o tu fhda.djprhdg i;r
uydN+;hka W.% If>dar imhka isjqfofkl= f,i;a
m[apialkaO jkdys Tijd .;a lvq we;s j yqne| tk
jOlhka miafofkl= f,i;a wdOHd;al wdh;k yh md
.ula f,i;a ndysr wdh;k yh . myrk fidreka f,i;a
-54-
ima;-[aK;s" kj i;a;djdi wdh tfldf<dia

.skafkka we<S we;s f,i;a jegfya' ish ixialdr .`vqjla
^ms<sldjla&" frda.hla" W,la" mSvdjla ^m;la&" wdndOhla
wd jYfhka wdiajdo rys; jQ uy;a wdkj /ila f,i
jegfya' th iqj fia j;a jkq leu;s h.= ksfil=
pKav jk i;=ka iys; ruh jkhlg meu fuks'
pKav jk i;=ka iys; ruh jkhlg me h.=
ksid fhka ;e;s f.k yd;ami n,kqfha jkfha
wdkj u olshs' tf,i u oYkd jvk fhda.djprhd o
N.dkqmiaikdKh we;s lr f.k ixialdrhkaf.a
hdu kqjka olska ish ixialdrhka ms<sn| j h jk
l,ays tu ixialdr ms<sn| j kSridldrfhka ^wdiajdo rys;
f,iska& oYkd kqjka lSu" wdkjKh hs' th
fufia ia;r jYfhka lafjhs'
ixialdrhkaf.a yg.ekSu hla f,i lSu
Nh;=mGdkKh hs' tu hg msysg jk lsisjla ixialdr
;=< ke;s nj jegySu wdkjKh hs' tksid ixialdrhka
yg
fkd
.ekSu
fyj;a
kQmu
fCIauhleZhs
^ksNhNdjhleZhs& lSu Ydka; moh jQ ksjk ms<sn|
kh hs' fuf,i"
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Wmamdo ^yg.ekSu&
mj;a;s ^flf,iqkaf.a yd ixialdrhkaf.a meje;au&
ks;a; ^wdldrh&
wdhQyk ^lu /ia u&
mika ^kej; Njfhys m%;sikah ,eu&
hk ixialdrhka ms<sn| jQ fuu lreKq hla

jYfhka o ta ish,a, ke;s u" wNdjhg-ksfrdaOhg hdu
iemla jYfhka o wjfndaO lr .;a fhda.djprhd iska
wdkjKh ms<sn| j yd ika;smoKh ^tk Ydka;
moh jQ ksjk ms<sn| kqjK& ms<sn| j oi wdldrhlska
l=i,;dj we;s lr .ekSfuka wdkjKh ,nk ,oafoa
fjhs'
-55-
fuf,i wdkjKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd

fkdfhla oDIaka ksid ief,kafka ke;' ;j o tu
fhda.djprhd iska ixialdr Ouhkaf.a yg.ekSu"
meje;au" ks;a;" lu /ia u yd kej; m%;sikah
olskafka fuf,i h' tk" iqj fia j;a jkq leu;s h.=
ukqIHfhl= kmqre i;=ka iys; jkhlg me lf,l
fuka o hka iys; .=ydjlg me lf,l fuka o
lsUq,ka-rl=ika wrla.;a khlg me lf,l fuka o
lvq .;a i;=rka msilg ue jQ lf,l fuka o I iys;
fndcqkla ,enqKq lf,l fuka o fidreka /l isk
ud.hla fuka o ,afjk .sksw`.=re j<la fuka o igfkys
fhKq finka iys; hqoula fuka o jYfhks' fufia
oYkd jvk kqjKe;s fhda.djprhd Nj;%fhys fCIau
N+hla fkd olska ish ixialdr wdkj /ila f,i
wjfndaO lr .kS' ixialdr ksfrdaOh fyj;a ksjk u mru
iemhla f,i olshs'
[6:5] kskqmiaikdKh ^l,lsf kqjK&
oYkd
kqjK
uqyql=rjd
.ekSfuka
wdkjdkqmiaikdKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd ish
ixialdrhkaf.a wdkj wjfndaO lr .ekSu ksid
Nj;%fhys u l,lsfrhs' Nj;%h ms<sn| j i;=gq fkd fjhs'
th kskqmiaikdKh hs' rkska l< l+vqjl isr fldg
isk isxyhd tys iSug i;=gq fkd fjhs' isxyhd leu;s
jkafka jkfhys ksoyfia isug hs' tf,i u
ixialdrhkaf.a wdkj wjfndaO lr .;a fhda.djprhd
Nj;%fhys isr isug leu;s fkd fjhs' tu fhda.djprhd
i;=gq jkafka ish ixialdrhkaf.ka jyd ksjdK
wNh mqrhg" fCIau N+hg m;a ug hs' tksid fuf,i
kskqmiaikdKh we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd ixialdr
ksfrdaOfhys fyj;a ksjfkys we;s iekis,a, olska
ksrka;rfhka iu: - oYkd Ndjkdfjys u is;a w,jd
jdih lrhs'
-56-
[6:6] uq[a;=luH;dKh îxialdrhkaf.ka fokq leu;s
kqjK&
by;
i|yka
Nh;=mGdkKh"
wdkjdkqmiaikdKh" kskqmiaikdKh hk k
;=k u w: jYfhka tlla u h' ish ixialdr uy;a jQ
Nhla f,i lSu Nh;=mGdkKh hs' ixialdrhkaf.a
uy;a jQ wdkj jegySu wdkjdkqmiaikdKh hs'
ixialdr ms<sn| j l,lsu kskqmiaikdKh hs' tu
ixialdrhka
ms<sn|
kskqmiaikdKh
fyj;a
l,lsf kqjK we;s lr .;a fhda.djprhd Nj;%hg wh;a
ish ixialdrhkaf.ka fokakg ksoyia jkakg
taldka;fhka u leu;s fjhs' ta ms<sn| j Wmudjlska
olajkafka k" ta fufia hs' tk" ,g fldgq jQ
u;aiHfhl=" imfhl=f.a uqjg yiq jQ uefhl=" l+vqjl
ouk ,o j,sl=l=f<l=" W.=,lg yiq jQ uqfjl="
wysl=Kalfhl=g yiq jQ imfhl=" ufvys treKq wef;l="
.=ref<l=g yiq jQ kd. rdcfhl=" i;=rkag ue jQ
ukqIHfhl= tu Wjfrka fokakg leu;s jkafka h
fia o tmoafoks' fufia oYkd jvk fhda.djprhd
ixialdrhkaf.a wdkj wjfndaO lr f.k l,lsu ksid
ish ixialdrj,ska ksoyia ug n,j;a fia leu;s fjhs'
ixialdrj,ska ixialdr ksfrdaOh fyj;a ksjkg m;a
jkq leu;s fjhs' fuh uq[a;=luH;dKh hs'
[6:7] miLdkqmiaikdKh
ish ixialdrhkaf.a wdkj l ish ixialdrhka

flfrka fokq leu;s fhda.djprhd ixialdrhka fj;ska
u i|yd tu ixialdr kej; ;%s,CIKhg kxjd ne,sh
hq;= h' ixialdr Ouhkaf.a ksrka;r we;s u - ke;s u
fyj;a wks;Hh lSfuka ks;Hixfjka is; fohs'
ixialdrhka ksid ksrka;rfhka mj;sk mSvdj fyj;a laL
,CIKh lSfuka iqLixfjka is; fohs' ixialdrhkaf.a
ms<sl=,a nj fyj;a wiqN ,CIKh lSfuka iqNixfjka
is; fohs' ixialdrhka ;=< uu;ajfhka .; hq;= lsisjla
-57-
ke;s nj fyj;a wkd;au ,CIKh lSfuka wd;auixfjka

is; fohs' fuf,i ks;H - iqL - iqN - wd;au hk m;
ixj,ska is; uqojd f.k meye,s f,i u ixialdr
Ouhkaf.a wks;H - laL - wiqN - wkd;au ,CIK ia;r
jYfhka n,j;a oYkd kqjka wjfndaO lr .ekSu
miLdkqmiaikdKh hs'
[6:8] iLdrefmalaLdKh
miLdkqmiaikdKfhka ixialdr Ouhkaf.a

wks;H - laL - wkd;au - wiqN ,CIK meye,s j wjfndaO
lr .;a fhda.djprhd ta w;ka wjfndaO lr .ekSug
Ialr jQ o iQCIau jQ o wkd;au ,CIKh fj; fYaI
wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= h' iLdrefmalaLdKh we;s lr
.ekSu i|yd fhda.djprhd ixialdr Ouhkaf.a Y+kH;dj
fyj;a wkd;au ,CIKh meye,s f,i u wjfndaO lr .;
hq;= h' ta i|yd Wmld jk l%u rdYshla iqoau.a.fhys
i|yka f' ta iEu l%uhlska u wjfndaO lr .; hq;=
jkafka rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK hk
ialkaO mi ;=< ks;H - iqL - iqN - wd;au idr jQ lsisjla
ke; h" hkqfjks' fhda.djprhd iska fYaIfhka u
ialkaO mi ;=< uu;ajfhka" wd;auixfjka .; hq;=
lsisjla ke;s nj oYkd kqjka wjfndaO lr .; hq;= h'
fuf,i ixialdr Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh l%ufhka
wjfndaO fj;a u ixialdr ms<sn| h yd we,au re f.dia
ixialdr ms<sn| uOHia: Ndjhla isf;ys we;s f' ta
ms<sn| j iqoau.a.fhys lafjk Wmudj fufia hs' tla
mqreIfhl=g b;d m%sh-ukdm |la jQ w;r Tyq tu
|f.ka fjka j fudfyd;la fyda .; lsug fkd leu;s
fjhs' ta ;rug u Ndhdj Tyqg ms%h neks' tfy;a Tyqf.a
| miq lf,l fjk;a mqreIfhl= iu.ska in|;d
mj;ajkq l tu mqreIhd n,j;a fkig m;a h' ;u
| .ek l,lsreKq tu mqreIhd wehj w;ayer oud
wehf.ka ksoyia h' |f.ka ksoyia jQ tu mqreIhd fmr
-58-
;u | j is ia;s%h ka wkH mqreIfhl= iu. iskq

lSfuka lg fkig m;a fkd fjhs' tu ia;s%h ms<sn|
uu;ajhla ka ke;s neks' tf,i u ish ixialdrhka
flfrka
fokq
leu;s
fhda.djprhd
miLdkqmiaikdKfhka ixialdrhkaf.a ;s%,CIKh
oYkd kqjka uikqfha zuu h" udf.a hZ hkqfjka .;
hq;= lsisjla fkd l h yd we,au re fldg ish
ixialdrhka ms<sn| j WiSk fjhs' uOHia: fjhs'
miLdkqmiaikdKfhka ixialdr Ouhkaf.a
wdkj meye,s j l .;a fhda.djprhd ixialdr ksfrdaOh
^ksjk&
Ydka;smoh
fia
olshs'
wk;=re
j
iLdrefmalaLdKh ,en ixialdr Ouhkaf.a meje;au
ms<sn| h yd we,au re fldg ixialdr ms<sn| j
WfmaCIdjg m;a fhda.djprhdf.a is; Ydka;smoh jk
ixialdr ksfrdaOh foig fhduq fjhs' fuys we,S - .e
jYfhka ixialdr Wmdkh lr .ekSu ms<sn| j WfmaCIdjg
m;a
fhda.djprhdf.a
is;
wkspdkqmiaikd
laLdkqmiaikd - wk;a;dkqmiaikd hk ;%sOdkqmiaikdjka
uq,a lr f.k ;s%O fudaCIuqLhkag fhduq f' fuf,i
iLdrefmalaLdKh we;s lr .ekSfuka oYkd Ndjkd
m%;smj
f,!lsl
jYfhka
uqka
m;a
u
zisLdm;a;miaikdZ ôYkdf uqka meu&" kka o
zjqGdk.dkSmiaikdZ ^f,daflda;a;r ud.hg fhduq
lrjk oYkdj& kka o yeka f'
f,daflda;a;r ud.h zfudaCIZ kka yekafjkafka
flf,iqkaf.ka yd f,dalfhka kslau hk w:fhks' th
zwks;a;-fudaCIZ"
zwmamys;-fudaCIZ"
ziq[a[;fudaCIZ jYfhka f;jeoEre jk w;r tfia k
,nkafka tu fudaCIhkag uq,a jk ;s%O wkqmiaikdjka
ksid h' tk" wkspdkqmiaikd oYkdfjka ^wks;H
jYfhka lSfuka& ixialdrhkaf.a wks;H ,CIKh m%lg
jk l,ays ks;Hix" ks;H ks;s re hhs' tksid
wkspdkqmiaikdj ;=<ska ks;H ks;s re flfrka ,nk
-59-
f,daflda;a;r ud.h zwks;a;fudaCIZ k f'

laLdkqmiaikd oYkdfjka ^la jYfhka lSfuka&
ixialdrhkaf.a laL ,CIKh m%lg jk l,ays ixialdr
ms<sn| m%d:kd re hhs' tfia laLdkqmiaikdj ;=<ska
ixialdr ms<sn| m%d:kd ^m%&" re flfrka ,nk
f,daflda;a;r ud.h zwmamys;fudaCIZ k f'
wk;a;dkqmiaikd
oYkdfjka
^wkd;au
jYfhka
lSfuka& ixialdrhka i;aFj - mqoa., - wd;auNdjhkaf.ka
Y+kH nj olshs' tfia wk;a;dkqmiaikdj ;=<ska ixialdr
Ou i;aFj - mqoa., - wd;auNdjhkaf.ka Y+kH hZhs olska
,nk f,daflda;a;r ud.h ziq[a[;fudaCIZ k f'
fuf,i ta ta fhda.djprhdg f,daflda;a;r ud.h
,ef wkspdkqmiaikdj fyda laLdkqmiaikdj fyda
wk;a;dkqmiaikdj
uq,a jk w;r tfia uq,a jk
wkqmiaikdj wkq j f,daflda;a;r ud.h wks;a;fudaCI
- wmamys;fudaCI - iq[a[;fudaCI hk k ,nhs'
fudaCIhg ^f,daflda;a;r ud.hg& m;a u i|yd uq,a
jkafka wkspdkqmiaikd-laLdkqmiaikd-wk;a;dkqmiaikd
hk
;%sOdkqmiaikd
neka
tu
;%sOdkqmiaikd
zfudaCI-uqLZ hk kka yekaf'
fuf,i
iLdrefmalaLdKh
,nd
.kakd
fhda.djprhd fida;dm;a;s ud.fha frgqj whig meK
iskafkls'
[6:9] wkqf,dauKh
fida;dmkak ug b;d wdikak jQ fhda.djprhd

iLdrefmalaLdKh jvd;a fydka nyq, lrk g Y%oaOd
- h - i;s - iud wd Ou b;d n,j;a j we;s f'
thska iLdrefmalaLdKh jvd;a ;shqKq f' fida;dm;a;s
ud.hg m;a ug b;d im wjia:df tf,i hqKq jQ
iLdrefmalaLdKfhka ixialdr Ou wks;H jYfhka
fyda la jYfhka fyda wkd;au jYfhka fyda wruqKq
flfrka is; Njd.hg nei .kshs' wk;=re j tu
iLdrefmalaLdKfhka wruqKq l< moafoka u ixialdr
-60-
wks;H fyda laL fyda wkd;au jYfhka wruqKq flfrka

ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h we;s f' bka wk;=re j
ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;fhka ixialdr wruqKq l<
moafoka u ixialdr wruqKq lrka cjk ;a;hla
we;s f' th zmluZ cjkh kka yekaf' wk;=re j
tf,i u ixialdr wruqKq flfrka ;j;a cjk ;a;hla
we;s f' th zWmpdrZ cjkh kka yekaf' wk;=re j
mQj cjkj,ska ixialdr wruqKq l< moafoka u ixialdr
wruqKq flfrka ;j;a cjk ;a;hla we;s jk w;r tu
cjk ;a;h zwkqf,dauZ kka yekaf' fuu f;jk
cjka
is;
iu.ska
we;s
jk
oYkd
kqjK
zwkqf,dauKhZ hs' tu oYkdkh Bg mQjfhka we;s
jQ Wohnh wd k wgg wkqf,dau j - wkql+, j my<
jk neka o u;= imQK jk i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou
iu.ska wkqf,da jk neka o zwkqf,dauKZ k f' ta
ms<sn| Wmudjla fufia hs' ye rc flfkla" ksYaphldr
wud;Hhka iska fm!rdl rdcOuhg wkq j yeka
fok ,o ksYaphla wid w.;s.d fkd thska i;=gq fjhs'
wkqf,dauKh o tu rcq n h' mQj oYkdk wg
ksYaphldr weu;shka n h' fndamdCIsl Ou jkdys
fm!rdl rdcOuh n h' tu ksYaphldr weu;sjreka
fm!rdl rdcOuhkag wkq j ka ksYaph rcq iska
ms<s.kq ,eu fuka fmr oYkdkhkag o fndamdCIsl
Ouhkag o wkqf,dau fjka zwkqf,dauKhZ my< f'
fuu wkqf,dauKh jkdys ixialdr wruqKq
flfrka my< jk zjqGdk.dkSZ ^f,daflda;a;r ud.hg
fhduq flfrk& oYkdk fmf<ys wjika kh hs'
jqGdk.dkS miaikdj ish wdldrfhka u wjika
jkafka bka wk;=re j my< jk f.da;%N+Kfhks'
fuu wkqf,dauKh my< jQ l,ays tu
fhda.djprhd ihjeks Y=oah jQ mmKoiaikiqoah
o imQK flfrka f,daflda;a;r N+fhys frgqj
wNshig u meK ishs'
-61-
6. Koiaikiqoa
[1] m%:u ^fida;dm;a;s& - ud.kh
wkqf,dauKhg
wk;=re
j
my<
jkafka
f.da;%N+Kh hs' th ixialdr Ou wruqKq lrk khla
fkdj f,daflda;a;r ud. is; my< ug Wmld fjka"
ksjk wruqKq flfrka my< jk khls' tneka
f.da;%N+Kh" mmKoiaikiqoahg wh;a fkd f'
tfy;a f.da;%N+Kfhka flf,ia m%ydKh ula is fkd
jk ksid th Koiaikiqoahg o wh;a fkd f' tksid
f.da;%N+Kh
jkdys"
mmKoiaikiqoahg;a
Koiaikiqoahg;a w;r my< jk oYkdk
mrmrdjg u wh;a fYaI khla f,i ie,fla' mD:.ack
f.da;%h blaujd hka fhda.djprhdj wdh-N+hg fhduq
lrjka fuu kh my< jk neka" fuh zf.da;%N+KhZ
kka yekaf' f.da;%N+Kh we;s jQ miq kej; mD:.ack
njg m;aula ke;s w;r taldka; jYfhka u wk;=re
CIKfhys fida;dm;a;s ud. ;a;h my< fjka wdhN+hg m;a u ksh; jYfhka is f'
wk;=re j mQj oYkdkhkaf.ka ixialdr
Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh wjfndaO lr .;a fhda.djprhka
jykafia iska wkqf,dauKfhka oYkdk fm< uqka
muqKqjd f.k ;j rg;a ixialdr wruqKq fkd flfrka
f.da;%N+Kfhka wruqKq jQ ixialdr ksfrdaOh fyj;a
ksjk wruqKq flfrka oyila khska m%;suKa;
fida;dm;a;s ud. ;a;h idCId;a lrkq ,ef' fuf,i
fida;dm;a;s
ud.kh
m%;sfO
lsu
Koiaikiqoah
hs'
^Koiaikiqoah
kka
lafjkafka f,daflda;a;r ud.k i;r h'&
fida;dm;a;s
ud.kh
,efuka"
tu
fhda.djprhka jykafia iska fuu wdksixi o ,nk ,oafoa
fjhs'
fida;dm;a;s ud.kfhka"
1. wmdh.d rd. - oafI - fuday m%ydKh f'
-62-
2. wmdh frgq ish,a, u tu wdhhka jykafiag ioyg
u jeiS hhs'
3. wkjrd.% ixidr laL iuqh h<jd oukq ,ef'
^tk iir l Wmu wd;auNdj y;lg iSud f'&
4. ima; wdhOkfhka hqla; jQfjla fjhs'
5. :Hd ud. ish,a, neyer,k ,oafola fjhs'
6. ish h yd ffjr ikaisjk ,oafola fjhs'
7. iudinqmshdKka jykafiaf.a T!ri mq;%Ndjhg
m;ajQfjla fjhs'
8. ;j;a fndfyda f,!lsl" f,daflda;a;r wdksixi /il
yslrefjla f'
fida;dm;a;s M,h
f,daflda;a;r ud. is;g wk;=rej u M,h ,eu
f,daflda;a;r l=i, Ouhkaf.a Ou;dj hs' wGl:djkays
jrKh flfrk wdldrhg Y%oaOdj uq,a lr f.k
îoaOdOqr& fida;dm;a;s ud.h idCId;a lrk wdhhka
jykafia zioaOdkqidZ k jk fial' m%j uq,a lr f.k
^m[aOqr& fida;dm;a;s ud.h idCId;a lrk wdhhka
jykafia zOudkqidZ jk fial' f m%:u wdhhka
jykafia h' ud. is;g wk;=rej u M, is; ,ef' M, is;
,enQ CIKfhka miq fida;dm;a;s M,ia: fyj;a fojeks
wdhhka jykafia njg m;a jk fial' fida;dm;a;s ud.
;a; h Ou .%ka:hkays olajd we;af;a fufia h' ^cjk
;a; hl ;a;CIK y;ls'&
0. ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h
^mmKoiaikiqoahg&
1. mlu
wh;a f
2. Wmpdr
3. wkqf,dauKh
4. f.da;%N+Kh
5. fida;dm;a;s ud. ;a;h } ^Koiaikiqoa&
6. fida;dm;a;s M, ;a;h
7. fida;dm;a;s M, ;a;h
0. Njd. ;a;h
-63-
wk;=re j m%;HfCIdk we;s f' Njd. ;a;

ika;;sh
is|f.k
ufkdaoajdrdjck
;a;h
o
f,daflda;a;r ud.h m%;HfCId ls jYfhka cjk
;a;hka i;la o ms<sfj,ska we;s f' kej; Njd.
m;kh M, wdh m%;HfCId lsf cjka ;a;hka
^k& we;s f' fuu m%;HfCIdkj,ska m%;HfCId
^kqjka lreKq ie,lSu& lrkq ,nkafka lreKq myla
ms<sn| j h'
ud.h m%;HfCId lsu'
M,h m%;HfCId lsu'
m%ySK jQ flf,ia m%;HfCId lsu'
wjfYaI jQ flf,ia m%;HfCId lsu'
ksjk m%;HfCId lsu'
zud iska fuu ud.fhka wdhNdjh ,nk ,Zhs
hkqfjka ud.h o zta fya;=fjka ud iska fuu wdksixi
Ou ,nk ,Zhs hkqfjka M,h ms<sn| j o z" lsPd
wd fuk flf,ia m%ySK hZ hkqfjka m%ySK flf,ia o
zldurd." jHdmdo wd fuk flf,ia wm%ySK hZ hkqfjka
b ud. ;=fkka m%ydKh jk flf,ia ms<sn| j o zfuu
W;= ksjdK Od;=j ud iska wruqKq ls jYfhka
idCId;a lrk ,Zhs hkqfjka ksjk ms<sn| j o
fida;dmkak wdhhka jykafia iska m%;HfCId lrkq
,ef' m%ySK flf,ia yd wjfYaI flf,ia ms<sn|
m%;HfCIdk we;e fiaL Y%djlhkag fkd ,efnkakg o
bv ;sf' tfy;a ud.h" M,h yd ksjk ms<sn|
m%;HfCIdk wdhhka jykafia,d iEu fokdg u
,efnkafka u h'
fuf,i
fida;dm;a;s
M,hg
m;a
wdhhka
jykafia,d m%Odk jYfhka ;sfofkls'
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1. tal:
- h<s tlajrla ksia f,dj Wm; ,nd

msksfjk fida;dmkak wdhhka
jykafia'
-64-
2. flda,flda,:
- wd;auNdj 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 jYfhka
fo - ksia fo.;sfhys Wm; ,nd
msksfjk fida;dmkak wdhhka
jykafia'
3. i;a;laL;a;=mru: - fo - ksia fo.;sfhys Wmu
jYfhka i;ajrla Wm; ,nd
i;ajeks Njfhys msksfjk
fida;dmkak wdhhka jykafia'
[2] fojeks îl.& ud.kh
fida;dm;a;s M,hg m;a jQ wdhY%djlhka jykafia

wk;=re j il.d ud.kh ,eu i|yd ldurd. m> ixfhdackhka ;=kS jk moafoka o bJsh - n, fndaOHd. Ouhka jOkh jk moafoka o rEm - fokd
- i[a - iLdr - [aK hk m[ap-WmdkialkaO
wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ;%s,CIKh wkq j n,ka
oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tg fojeks ud. ;a;h
,efnk wjia:df oYkdk fm< fmr moafoka u
we;s
fjka
iLdrefmalaLdKhg
wk;=re
j
ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h o wkqf,dau" f.da;%N+Khka o
ms<sfj,ska my< il.d ud. ;a;h we;s f' tu
il.d ud. ;a;h iu.ska we;s jk kh"
il.du.a.Kh hs' th Koiaikiqoahg wh;a f'
ta ms<sn| ;a;h fufia h'
0. ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h
^mmKoiaikiqoahg&
1. mlu cjkh
wh;a f
2. Wmpdr cjkh
3. wkqf,dau cjkh
4. fjdak ;a;h
5. il.d u.a. ;a;h
} ^Koiaikiqoa&
6. il.d M, ;a;h
7. il.d M, ;a;h
0. Nj. ;a;h
-65-
wk;=re j m%;HfCIdk wdh ,ef'

fojeks ud.kh yd fiiq b ud.k
inkaOfhka we;s jk f.da;%N+Kh yekafjkafka
zfjdakZ kks' il.d Y%djlhka jykafia kej; ukqIH
f,dalfhys Wm;la lrd mefKf;d;a ta tla jrla mu'
zil.dZ kka yekafjkafka o ta ksid u h'
fhda.djprhka jykafia" il.d ud. ;a;h ,efnk
wjia:df f;jeks wdhhka jykafia njg o M, is;
,eu;a iu. u isjqjeks wdhhka jykafia njg o m;a jk
fial'
[3] f;jeks ^wkd.d& ud.kh
il.d M,hg m;a jQ wdhY%djlhka jykafia

wk;=re j wkd.d ud.kh ,eu i|yd ldurd.-m>
ixfhdack uqukska u m%ydKh jk moafoka o bJsh - n,
- fndaOHd. Ouhka ;j rg;a jOkh jk moafoka o
rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK hk m[apWmdkialkaO wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ;%s,CIKh
wkq j n,ka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tg f;jeks
ud. ;a;h ,efnk wjia:df oYkdk fm< fmr
moafoka u we;sfjka iLdrefmalaLdKhg wk;=re j
ms<sfj,ska ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h;a wkqf,dauK"
f.da;%N+K ^fjdak& wdh;a ms<sfj,ska my< wkd.d
ud. ;a;h we;s f' tu wkd.d ud. ;a;h iu.ska
we;s jk kh - Koiaikiqoahg wh;a f' ta ms<sn|
;a;h il.d ;a;hg iudk jk w;r fjki
jkafka il.d ud. yd M, is;a fjkqjg wkd.d ud.
yd M, is;a fhu hs' wk;=re j m%;HfCIdk wdh
,ef' fhda.djprhka jykafia" wkd.d ud. ;a;h
,efnk wjia:df miajeks wdhhka jykafia njg o M,
is; ,eu;a iu. u ijeks wdhhka jykafia njg o m;a
jk fial' wkd.d wdhhka jykafia,d rNd.Sh
îlaldh" lsPd" iS,n;mrdudi" ldurd." m>&
-66-
ixfhdack m%ydKh lr we;s neka kej; lduOd;=fjys

kQm;s'
[4] isjqjeks ^wry;a;& ud.kh
wkd.d M,hg m;a jQ wdhY%djlhka jykafia

wk;=re j wy;a ud.kh ,eu i|yd rEmrd. wrEmrd. - udk - WoaOp - wcd hk fiiq ixfhdack
ish,a, uqukska u m%ydKh jk moafoka o bJsh - n, fndaOHd. Ouhka ;j rg;a jOkh jk moafoka o
rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK hk m[apWmdkialkaO wks;H - laL - wkd;au hk ;%s,CIKh
wkq j n,ka oYkdjg kexh hq;= h' tg isjqjeks
ud. ;a;h ,efnk wjia:df oYkdk fm< fmr
moafoka u we;sfjka iLdrefmalaLdKhg wk;=re j
ms<sfj,ska ufkdaoajdrdjck ;a;h;a wkqf,dauK"
f.da;%N+K ^fjdak& ms<sfj,ska my< wy;a ud.
;a;h we;s f' tu wy;a ud. ;a;h iu.ska we;s jk
kh - Koiaikiqoahg wh;a f' ta ms<sn| ;a;h
il.d ;a;hg iudk jk w;r fjki jkafka
il.d ud. yd M, is;a fjkqjg wy;a ud. yd M,
is;a fhu hs' wk;=re j m%;HfCIdk wdh ,ef' by;
olajk ,o m%;HfCIdkj,ska ry;ka jykafiag
,efnkafka i;rla mu' flf,ia ish,a, m%ySK neka
b;s flf,ia .ek m%;HfCId lsula ke;' ry;ka
jykafiag m%;HfCIdk ,efnkafka"
ud.h
M,h
ksjk
m%ySK flf,ia
hk Ou ms<sn| j h' fhda.djprhka jykafia wy;a
ud. ;a;h ,nk wjia:df i;ajeks wdhhka jykafia
njg o M, is; ,eu;a iu.ska ish flf,ia m%ydKh
1.
2.
3.
4.
-67-
l<" ish ialkaO nr nyd ;enQ" uydCISKdY%j" w.%

oCIsKdy wgjeks wdhhka jykafia njg o m;a jk
fial'
f wkq j Koiaikiqoa kka yekafjk"
fida;dm;a;su.a.Kh
il.du.a.Kh
wkd.du.a.Kh
wry;a;u.a.Kh
hk i;r ud.k imqrd f.k ish Nj
nkaOkhkaf.ka ksoyia wkqmdmksndk k jQ W;=
ksjkska iekiSu i|yd kqjKe;s i;amqreIfhda fkd mud j
jEh lr;ajd!
1.
2.
3.
4.
-68-
7. ud.-M, ,eu i|yd imqrd .; hq;=
fndamdlaIsl Ou
laL - iuqoh - ksfrdaO - ud. hk p;=rdhi;Hh
ms<sn| wjfndaOh zfndaZ k f' tu wjfndaOh ^fndah&
,eu i|yd ish nq - mfianq - uyry;ka jykafia,d
imQK l<d jQ ;siay;la jQ Ou jkdys fndamdlaIsl
Ou k f' hfula p;=rdhi;Hh wjfndaO lr f.k
woHdj ke;s fldg oHdj we;s lr .kska Nj .uk
wjika lsug wfmaCId lr;a o ta yeu fokd iska u fuu
i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou imQK l< hq;= u h' tu
fndamdCIsl Ou (37) fufia hs'
1) i;r i;smGdk [4]
1. ldhdkqmiaikd i;smGdkh ^lh wkq j kqjka
olska isysh msysgqjd .ekSu&

2. fokdkqmiaikd i;smGdkh ^ wkq j kqjka
3. ;a;dkqmiaikd i;smGdkh îs; wkq j kqjka
4. Oudkqmiaikd i;smGdkh Ôu;d wkq j kqjka
2) i;r iumamOdk* [4]
^*zmOdkZ hkq hh hs'&
1. we;s fkd jQ wl=i,a we;s fkd u msi lrk
W;aidyh'
2. we;s jQ wl=i,a re lsu msi lrk W;aidyh'
3. we;s lr fkd .;a l=i,a we;s lr .ekSu msi lrk
W;aidyh'
4. we;s lr .;a l=i,a /l .kska hqKq lr .ekSu
msi lrk W;aidyh'
-69-
3) i;r boamdo îDoamdo& [4]

1. Pkao - boamdoh îu:" miaikd Ou hqKq lsf
n,j;a leue;a;&
2. h - boamdoh îu:" miaikd Ou hqKq lsf
n,j;a W;aidyh&
3. ;a; - boamdoh îu:" miaikd Ou hqKq lsu
ms<sn| wIaGdkh fyj;a ;a;h&
4. uxid - boamdoh îu:" miaikd Ou hqKq lsu
ms<sn| uxikh fyj;a m%j&
4) m[ap bJsh* [5]
^*zbJshZ hkq fiiq Ou ;udg wkql+, lr .kska

wm;s Ndjh is lrk Oufhda h'&
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ioaOd - bJsh
h - bJsh
i;s - bJsh
iud - bJsh
m[a - bJsh
5) m[ap n,* [5]
^*flf,iqka uev,Su msi b;d n,j;a Ndjhg m;a

bJsh Ouhka zn,Z k f'&
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ioaOd - n,
h - n,
i;s - n,
iud - n,
m[a - n,
6) ima; fndaOHdx.* ^fndCO.& [7]
^*p;=rdhi;Hh wjfndaO lr .ekSug iDcq j u Wmld

jk Ou zfndCO.Z k f'&
1. i;sifndCO.h
- i;r i;smGdkh ukd j

jeu'
-70-
2. OuphifndCO.h - Ou;d ms<sn| j ukd j

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
kqjka uiSu'
hifndCO.h
- i;rdldr hh ukd j
we;s lr .ekSu'
mS;sifndCO.h
- iu:" miaikd jefuka
we;s jk ksrdi mS%;sh'
miaioaifndCO.h - iu:" miaikd jeu
;=<ska we;s jk ikaisu'
iudifndCO.h
- iu:" miaikd jeu
;=<ska we;s jk isf;a
tl`. nj'
WfmalaLdifndCO.h - iu:" miaikd jeu
;=<ska we;s jk isf;a
ueoy;a nj'
7) wdh wIagdx.sl ud.h [8]

1. iud
- ksjer wjfndaOh ^p;=rdhi;Hh
ms<sn| wjfndaOkh - ud.

is;aj, fhfok m% ffp;islh&
2. iudilmam - ksjer
ixl,amkd
^fklaLu
ixl,amkd wdh yd ud. is;aj,
fhfok ;lal ffp;islh&
3. iudjdpd
- ksjer jpk l:dlsu) ûqidjdo
wd jd.aYap;j,ska je<elSu&
4. iudluka; - ksjer ldhsl ls%hd) ^m%dK>d; wd
ldhYap;j,ska je<elSu&
5. iudwdj
- ksjer ldj) ^ldj msi
is
lrk
ldhYap;
yd
jd.aYap;j,ska
je<elSu&
)fuu wx. ;=k o ud. is;ays
fhfok r;s ffp;islfhda fj;s'
6. iudjdhdu
- ksjer
W;aidyh
î;rdldr
hh-ud. is;aj, fhfok h
ffp;islh&
-71-
7. iudi;s
8. iudiud
- ksjer isysh î;r i;smGdkfhys

is; ukd fldg msysgqjd .ekSu&
- ksjer iudh ^Wmpdr iys; jQ
wIag iudm;a;Ska we;s lr .ekSu&
fndamdCIsl Ou ish,a, 4 + 4 + 4 + 5 + 5 + 7 + 8 = 37 ls'

p;=rdhi;Hh wjfndaO u jkdys yqfola m%d:kd
l< muka u is jkakla fkd f' ta i|yd l< hq;= foa
k" fkd mud j fuu i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou jeu hs'
fmr jev iQ nq" mfianq" uyry;a W;=uka jykafia,d o
wkd.d" il.d" fida;dmkak ud.-M,,dNS W;=uka
jykafia,d o tu w.uhkag m;a jQfha fuu fndamdCIsl
Ou imQK lr .ekSfuks' fuf,i fndamdCIsl Ou
we;s lr .ekSfuka YS% ioaOuh wjfndaO lr .kska wdh
N+hg m;a jQ wdhY%djlhka jykafia,d tlish wg (108)
fofkl= ms<sn| j wGl:djkays i|yka f' tu wdhhka
jykafia,d wdh N+hg m;a j iskafka ima; Y=oaka o
we;s lr .ksks'
-72-
8. ima; Y=oaka we;s lr .;a
wdhY%djlhka jykafia,d
fida;dmkak ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d 12
ilaldh ^wd;auoDIah&" lsPd îelh&"
iS,n;mrdudi ^jer YS,-j%; wkq.ukh lsu& hk ;s%O
Njixfhdack
m%ydKh
lrka
f,daflda;a;r-wdh
wIagdx.sl
ud.hg
m;a
wdhY%djlhka
jykafia
zfida;dmkakZ k jk fial' fida;dmkak Y%djlhka
jykafia,d ^Wmk Nj .Kk wkq j& ;sfofkla fj;s'
1.tal
- tlajrla h<s fuf,dj Wm; ,nd

wy;ajhg m;a jk fida;dmkak
wdhhka jykafia'
2.flda,flda,
- wd;auNdj 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 jYfhka h<s
fo - ksia iq.;Skays Wm; ,nd
wy;ajhg m;a jk fida;dmkak
wdhhka jykafia'
3.i;a;laL;a;=mru - Wmu jYfhka wd;auNdj y;la u
h<s fo - ksia iq.;Skays Wm; ,nd
y;ajeks ;fhys wy;ajhg m;a
jk fida;dmkak wdhhka jykafia'
fuu Y%djlhka jykafia,d ;sfok fida;dmkak u
i|yd wkq.ukh lrk m%;sm i;rls' tk"
1. laLdmmokaOdNs[a - l
fia
ms<sfj;a
mqrd
fifuka Ouh wjfndaO
lsu'
2. laLdmmmamdNs[a - l fia ms<sfj;a mqrd jyd
Ouh wjfndaO lsu'
3. iqLdmmokaOdNs[a - iqj
fiaa ms<sfj;a mqrd
fifuka Ouh wjfndaO
lsu'
-73-
4. iqLdmmmamdNs[a - iqj fia ms<sfj;a mqrd jyd
Ouh wjfndaO lsu'
by; Y%djlhka jykafia,d ;sfok fuu m%;sm

i;frka .=K jQ l, (3x4) ff<diafofkls'
il.d ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d 12
ilaldh - lsPd - iS,n;mrdudi hk ;s%O
ixfhdack m%ydKh lrka ldurd.-m> ixfhdack o ;=kS
lr .;aa h<s tlajrla fuf,dj Wm; ,nd wy;ajhg m;a
jkiq wdhhka jykafia zil.dZ k jk fial' ldu rEm - wrEm hk Nj ;=fkys Ouh wjfndaO lr .ekS
jYfhka il.d wdhhka jykafia,d ;sfofkla fj;s'
tu ;sfokd jykafia by; i|yka ziqLdmmZ wd m%;sm
i;frka .=K jQ l, (3x4) ff<diafofkla fj;s'
wkd.d ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d 24
ilaldh - lsPd - iS,n;mrdudi - ldurd.
- m> hk rNd.Sh ^lduOd;=jg ne| ;nk& ixfhdack
uqukska u m%ydKh lsfuka kej; Wm;la msi
lduOd;=jg fkd meK" iqoaOdjdi n%yau f,dalj, Wm;
,nd tys u wy;ajhg m;a j tys u msksfjk wdhhka
jykafia zwkd.dZ k jk fial' wkd.d wdhhka
jykafia,d m%Odk jYfhka miafofkla fj;s'
1. wka;rdmksndhS -urka
u;= my< jkakd jQ

iqoaOdjdifhys
ksh;
wdhq
m%udKfhka wvla .; ug fmr
wy;ajhg m;a j msksfjk
wkd.d wdhhka jykafia'
2. WmypmksndhS -urka
u;= my< jkakd jQ

iqoaOdjdifhys
ksh;
wdhq
m%udKfhka wvla .; jQ miq
-74-
wy;ajhg m;a j msksfjk

3. wiLdrmksndhS -urka u;= iqoaOdjdifhys my< jQ
miq wdhdihlska f;dr j u
wy;ajhg m;a j tys msksfjk
4. iiLdrmksndhS -urka u;= iqoaOdjdifhys my< jQ
miq h fldg wy;ajhg m;a j

tys msksfjk wkd.d wdhhka
jykafia'
5. WoaOxfidaf;da wlksG.d -
zwyZ
wd
hg
iqoaOdjdij, my< j wkqms<sfj,ska
by< iqoaOdjdij, Wm; ,nka
zwlksGZ iqoaOdjdih olajd u
f.dia zwlksGZ iqoaOdjdifhys
wy;ajhg m;a j tys msksfjk
wkd.d wdhhka jykafia,d urka u;= my<

jkakd jQ iqoaOdjdi n%yauf,dal myls' rEmdjpr n%yauf,dal
.Khg wh;a fuu n%yauf,dalj, jdih lrkafka wkd.d
yd wy;a M,hkag m;a jQ wdhhka jykafia,d neka tajd
ziqoaOdjdiZ ^Y=oaO i;aFjhkaf.a jdiN+& k f' tajd k"
1.zwyZ nUf,dj
- fuys by; i|yka wkd.d

wdhhka jykafia,d miafok u
oHudk fj;s' (5)
2.zw;mamZ nUf,dj
- fuys o by; i|yka wkd.d

oHudk fj;s' (5)
^wdhq-ld,h Wmu
uydl,am 1000 ls'&
^wdhq-ld,h Wmu
uydl,am 2000 ls'&
3.ziqoiaiZ nUf,dj
^wdhq-ld,h Wmu
uydl,am 4000 ls'&

-75-
oHudk fj;s' (5)

4.ziqoiaiSZ nUf,dj
^wdhq-ld,h Wmu
uydl,am 8000 ls'&

oHudk fj;s' (5)
5.zwlksGZ nUf,dj - fuys zWoaOxfidaf;da wlksG.dZ

^wdhq-ld,h Wmu
uydl,am 16000 ls'&
wdhhka jykafia yer by;

i|yka fiiq wkd.d wdhhka
jykafia,d isjqfok oHudk fj;s'
(4)
f wkq j iqoaOdjdi mfiys m%fNao jYfhka wkd.d

wdhhka jykafia,d (5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 4 = 24) isy;rfofkla
oHudk fj;s'
ry;ka jykafia,d ^M,ia:& 2
ilaldh - lsPd - iS,n;mrdudi - ldurd.
- m> - rEmrd. - wrEmrd. - udk - WoaOp - wcd hk
oi ixfhdack m%ydKh lrka ish Njne ,syd ouka
kej; kQmk f,i ish flf,ia re l< wdhhka
jykafia ry;ka jykafia h' ry;ka jykafia,d m%Odk
jYfhka fofldgils'
1. Y=IaloYl - OHdk
mdol
lr
fkd
.kska
u mdol lr .kska
îqlaLmiail& oYkdj
wy;ajhg m;a jQ wdhhka jykafia
zY=IaloYlZ ry;ka jykafia h' OHdk
imQK fkd l< o oYkdj jvk
fhda.djprhka jykafiag oYkdf
n,fhka m[ap-kSjrK hgm;a is;
tl`. fuka iudh we;s f' th
oYkd iudh hs' tg iud - m%
YsCId fol u thska imQK f'
Y=IaloYkdj hkq iu: OHdk rys; nj
-76-
kd oYkd iudh rys; nj fkd f'

Y=IaloYl ry;ka jykafia mQjfhka
OHdk fkd ,nd ;snqK;a oYkdj u
mdol lr f.k u. - M, ,nk
fudfydf;ys
tu
ud.
is;
m%:uOHdkhg iudk jQ iud .=Khlska
hqla; jk nj Ou .%ka:hkays i|yka
f'
2.
iu:hdksl - m<uq j rEmdjpr - wrEmdjpr OHdk"

iudm;a;s we;s lr f.k OHdk mdol lr
f.k oYkdj jvd wy;ajhg m;a jQ
wdhhka jykafia iu:hdksl jk fial'
ud.ia: Y%djlhka jykafia,d 4

by; i|yka ish u wdhhka jykafia,d M,hg
m;a jQ ^M,ia:& W;=fuda h' M,hg m;a jkafka f,daflda;a;r
wdh wIagdx.sl ud.h imqrd f.k h' f,daflda;a;r wdh
wIagdx.sl ud.h jkdys flf,ia re f wjka wkq j
;a;ika;dkfha my< jkafka jdr y;rl h' tksid
iud wd wx. wfgka hq;= f,daflda;a;r ud.h" ud.
is;a wkq j p;=O f' wNsOuhg wkq j tla
f,daflda;a;r ud. is;la ,efnkafka tl ;a;laIKhl
h' fuu f,daflda;a;r ud. is;a i;r ;ud ;=< my< jk
CIKfha tu wdhhka jykafia,d ud.ia:fhda fj;s'
1. fida;dm;a;s ud. is; - fuu
2. il.d ud. is;
ud.
is;
,nk
CIKfhys
fida;dmkak
ud.ia: wdhhka jykafia
oHudk jk fial'
- fuu
ud.
is;
,nk
CIKfhys il.d ud.ia:
wdhhka jykafia oHudk
jk fial'
-77-
3. wkd.d ud. is;
4. wy;a ud. is;
- fuu
ud.
is;
CIKfhys wkd.d
wdhhka jykafia
jk fial'
- fuu
ud.
is;
CIKfhys wy;a
wdhhka jykafia
jk fial'
fida;dmkak ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d

il.d ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d
wkd.d ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d
wy;a ^M,ia:& wdhhka jykafia,d
ud.ia: wdhhka jykafia,d
,nk
ud.ia:
oHudk
,nk
ud.ia:
oHudk
12
12
24
2
4
54
we;e Y%djlhka jykafia,d Y%oaOdj uq,a lr f.k

îoaOdOqr& Ouh wjfndaO lrk w;r we;e Y%djlhka
jykafia,d m%j uq,a lr f.k ^m[aOqr& Ouh wjfndaO
lr;s' by; Y%djlhka jykafia,d mkiay;rfokd jykafia
ioaOdOqr" m[aOqr foflka .=K jQ l,ays (54x2) ish u
wdhY%djlhka jykafia,d tlish wgfofkla (108) fj;s'
fuu W;= wdhhka jykafia,d tlish wgfokd
jykafia oHudk jkafka nqiiqkl u mu' fuu
wdhNdjhg m;a u i|yd fya;= jk ima; Y=oaka
oHudk jkafka o nqiiqkl u mu' tksid ,N
ksi;a njla ,enQ kqjKe;s i;amqreI ieufok nqiiqkla
iuqL j mj;sk fuu ,N CIKfhys ima; Y=oaka
imQK lr f.k wdhNdjhg jyd m;a j ish nq"
mfianq" uyry;ka jykafia,d ks iekiS meK j<
Ydka;-iqL ,CIK wuD; ksjdK Ydka;sh wjfndaO lr
.ekSug jEh lr;ajd'''!
idOq ! idOq !! idOq !!!
-78-
wdYs%; .%ka: kdudj,sh:

uCuksldfha zr:kS;Z iQ;%h'
w.=;a;rksldh ^;slksmd;h&
uCuksldhGl:d ^mm[apiQokS&'
LqoaolmdGGl:d ^md<s&'
iqoau.a. ^md<s&'
isxy, Y=oa ud.h - mQcH ud;r Y%S Oujxi kdys'
oYkd Ndjkd l%uh w;smQckSh freldfka pJou, uydkdys'
fndamdCIsl Ou ia;rh w;smQckSh freldfka pJou, uydkdys'
uydp;a;d<Sidldr miaikd Ndjkd l%uh w;smQckSh freldfka pJou, uydkdys'
iQis uy.=Kh - w;smQckSh freldfka pJou, uydkdys'
m%f wdf,dalh - md wjqla Ndjkd .%ka:'
iui;<sia luia:dk Ndjkd w;smQckSh kd Whfka whOu iajdJhka jykafia'
oYkd mrmqr w;smQckSh ud;r Kdrdu iajdJhka jykafia'
-79-
-80-

Supirisidu Niwan Maga, Daham Vila - Http://dahamvila - Blogspot.com

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iqmsis ksjka u.

mQcH kdj, OudkJo iajdka jykafia

Copyright Sri Saddharma Sansadaya, Dhammarama Yogashramaya - 2007

msgq ieliSu yd uqKh

305/5, Hansagiri Road, Gampaha.

ioaOu ixiofhka m%ldYs; fjk;a Ou .%ka:

- mQcH kdj, OudkJo iajdka jykafia'

- mQcH kdj, OudkJo iajdka jykafia'

Od;=ukisldr Ndjkdj - mQcH mamsf.dv fidauYdka; iajdka jykafia'

- mQcH mamsf.dv fidauYdka; iajdka jykafia'

- mQcH mamsf.dv fidauYdka; iajdka jykafia'

kej; uqKh i|yd" ish uiS"

iqoau.a.fhys Ou lreKq fm<.iajd we;af;a nn<k

wmf.a mru mQckSh WmdOHdhka jykafia jQ

;,df kS; iajdka jykafiag o okjqlkao is ux.,

kfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iudinqoaOiai !!!

;=kaf,dald.% jQ Nd.Hj;a nqrcdKka jykafia iska

.Dyia: yd m%j%; fhda.djprhkaf.a ldh" jd.a"

YS,h lv fkd fldg ksjka wjfndaO lsu msi msis j

- iudoka jQ YS,fhys uq,ska yd w.ska

fuu wx. wfgka iuka; jk .Dyia: fuka u

- ysfia isg fom;=< olajd b .sh

- f,a jel=Kq u< isrer h'

fuu luia:dk oyh u wh;a jkafka ndysr

nq.=K isys lsu'

i;r n%yau ydr

- ish i;aFjhka flfrys ffjr rys;" fl%daO rys;

- ish i;aFjhka ms<sn| Tjqkaf.a iemf;ys BId

- wkka; jQ wdldY m%{ma;sh

by; lajQ luia:dk ish,af,a tl;=j 38 ls'

- zln<SldrdydrhZ ^wkqNj lrk

- Yrfhys mj;sk mG" wdfmda"

fuu i;<sia luia:dk w;=frka ldh.;di;sh yd

fuf,i kdu-rEm Ou kqjka fjka lr f.k

lrkakdla fuks' fuf,i zremamkhZ jk ^jyd fjkia jk&

fyda;s ioafoda rf:da b;s"

kdkdO wjhj iuQyhla tlg .e<mQ l,ays zr:hZh

laLx ;sG;s f;s p"

fuys yg.kafka lla u h' ^i;aFjfhla fkd f!&

^NsCLqkSixhq;a;fha - jrd iQ;%h&

fuf,i kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a h:diajNdjh kqjka

^mp;a;,laLK& wjfndaO lr .ekSf kh' tk"

kdu-rEm Ouhkaf.a ;s%,CIKh

3. mydkm[a :- kdu-rEm Ouhka ms<sn| ks;Hix

wdh re ls jYfhka we;s jk oYkdk'

u.a.du.a.Koiaikiqoah we;s lr .ekSu i|yd

hk tfldf<dia wdldrh wkq j wruqKq lr f.k

uekka wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd uydp;a;d<Sidldr

p;a;d<Sidldr miaikd Ndjkdj

rEm - fokd - i[a - iLdr - [aK hk

2. laLf;da - la jYfhka lSu:-

kdu ^fokd" i[a" iLdr" [aK&" rEm ^mG"

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys fkdfhla m%;Hhkaf.ka

fokd f.k fok neka o flf,ia kue;s ierj

5. i,a,f;da - W,la jYfhka lSu:-

we;=<; k ^W,la& n j mSvd f.k fok neka o

6. w>f;da - m;la yd mdmhla jYfhka kqjka lSu:-

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wdkj nyq, neka

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wkqka iska /l n,d

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys ;udf.a ji`.fhys

jHd - crd - urK wdfhka m[ap-WmdkialkaO

m[ap-WmdkialkaO jkdys wfkalO m;a - jHik

uy;a jQ wk: is lrk neka o ish Wmjhkag