Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
LTD,
VYAS NIRAJ M
:::::-
CHRIST COLLEGE
-:SUBMITTED TO:-
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT. -:GUIDED BY:Ms. VINITA AGRAWAL. Ms. DARSHITA GANATRA
DECLARATION
I, the undersigned, VYAS NIRAJ M. a student of S.Y.B.B.A. here by declare that the project work presented in this report is my own work and has been carried out under the supervision of MS VINITA AGRAWAL, Mrs. CHARMI BADANI and Ms. DARSHITA GANATRA of Christ College, Rajkot. This work has not been previously submitted to any other university for any examination. Date:Place:-
PREFACE
The corporate world was operated in dynamic environment, it is still being operated in globally dynamic environment and will be continued forever is the universal truth. Todays mangers role is not restricted up to record keeper, mediator, councilor, a role of conscience, trainer, peace maker, problem solver but also to work as mentor and to nurture the people in ever changing environment. We are living in the era of digitalization, globalization, computerization ad can see the emergence of new technology every now and than. So in todays competitive world, only theoretical study approach is a narrow concept and students need some practical field work and for this purpose Saurashtra University has arranged an research report program for the future benefit of B.B.A students is really valuable implication for me. For this purpose, I have made a project report on BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. and tried to mention and analyze the attitude, awareness and usage of its all the products for the consumers of entire market of his.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I am thankful to Saurashtra University for giving the chance of practical knowledge in the syllabus of management in B.B.A. I am also grateful to BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. To allow me to make a project report and especially Mr. JAY SACHDEV, an authorized person of balaji group. The motivation and love behind the shaping of this project, I owe special feelings towards my parents. I could not have completed this report without the guidance of my professors i.e. MS. VINITA AGRAWAL, MRS. CHARMI BADANI, MS. DARSHITA GANATRA, AND DR. SWATI DOSHI. At This Stage, I Would Like To Remember All My Enthusiastic Classmates And Friends Who Give Their Love And Support To Me Always. Date:Place:Signature:(VYAS NIRAJ M.)
GENERAL INDEX
SR. NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 PARTICULARS
GENERAL INFORMATION PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT MARKETING MANAGMENT FINANCE MANAGEMENT VISION SWOT ANALYSIS FUTURE PLANS SUGGESTIONS CONCLUSIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY
PAGE NO.
GENERAL INFORMATION
CONTENTS
SR. No. 1 PARTICULARS PAGE No.
ACHIEVEMENTS
Peoples love is the most memorable achievements. Truly, that helped BALAJI group them to reach its fame across the globe. Apart from this, economic time recognized balaji group as SULTAN OF WAFERS and international magazine i.e. Asia pacific food online published a special article with CHIP OFF THE OLD BLOCK tag. Balaji group is also a member of snacks food association. Balaji group believes in sheer performances which win a accolades of people and media at same time.
COMPANY PROFILE
Name Address : : BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Vajdi [Vad], Kalawad road, Rajkot, Tal. Lodhika Gujarat [India] 1982 (1.) Wafers (2.) Namkeens Limited Equity. Medium Scale Industry. Mr. Bhikhubhai Virani Mr. Chandubhai Virani Mr. kanubhai Virani Mr. Sureshbhai Sakhiya Mr. V.C. Pambhar 85 000 Sq.m Corporation and SBI 0281 2782755 2783756 2783789
: :
: : :
: : :
COMPANY PROFILE
Fax Accounting year Email Website Working hours Lunch time Weekly off
: : : : : : :
+91 281 2783747 1st April to 31st march. contact @ balaji wafers.co balajiwafers.com 8:00 a.m. To 5: 00p.m. 12:00 a.m. To 1:00 p.m. Sunday
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Organization structure is a basic frame work of company management. It is the pattern in which various parts of the company are interconnected. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. There is a line type of organization in which responsibility flow upward and authorities flow downward and upward. The following is the organizational structure of BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD.
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MANAGIND DIRECTOR
DIRECTORS
GENERAL MANAGER
MARKETING PRODUCTION FINANCE PERSONNEL
SUPERVISOR
C.A.
GM & MD
SALESMAN
WORKER
ACCOUNATNAT
CLERK
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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
CONTENTS
PAGE NO.
SR.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
PARTICULARS INTRODUCTION ORGANISATIONAL CHART PLANT LOCATION PLANT LAYOUT PRODUCTION PLANNING & CONTROL MACHINE & MACHINE CAPACITY REPAIRS & MANINTENANCE RAW MATERIALS PRODUCTION PROCESS QUALITY CONTROL MATERIAL HANDLING STORE KEEPING CODIFICATION & DENTIFICATION PURCHASING OR SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION INVENTORY MGT. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
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INTRODUCTION
Production plays a very important role in all the activities of company management. This is the first step of the company management. All the business activities revolve around the production process. The production activity is nothing but the step by step conversion of one form of material into another chemically or mechanically. The basic inputs of the mine, farm, sea and forest are used as raw material on which the processing is done to create the output. Production is an activity through which the form utility is either created or enhanced. Production management is a process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling the activities of production function. Production function is the conversion of raw material into finished goods. Production management is concerned with those processes which convert the inputs into outputs. The inputs are various resources like raw materials and the outputs are goods and services. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD.., production department is looked after by Mr.M.P.Patel (Director)
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Organization structure is a basic frame work of company management. It is the pattern in which various departments of the company are interconnected. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. There is a line type of organization in which responsibility flow upward and authorities flow downward and upward. The following is the organizational structure of BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.
CHAIRMAN
MANAGIND DIRECTORS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
GENERAL MANAGER
PRODUCTION INCHARGE
SUPERVISION
WORKERS
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PLANT LOCATION:Site selection is an important activity which decides the fate of the business. A good location may, reduce the cost of production and distribution to a considerable extent. The reduction of cost of production and distribution helps in elevating either the competitive strength or the profit margin of the business. Therefore, the location for the factory should be selected very carefully. While selecting a site, it is necessary to consider technical, commercial, and financial and then the location is selected which may provide maximum advantages. So, looking to all these factors BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.(S) Ltd. Has established the plant in an industrial estateBALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. taking into consideration following factors: had chosen this location
Supply of Raw Material Nearness of Market. Transportation Facilities. Labour Supply. Availability of Power & Natural resources. Government Facilities. Personal Factors. Social Factors.
The following is the location address of BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD.. BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. Vajdi [Vad], Kalawad road, Rajkot, Tal. Lodhika Gujarat [India]
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PLANT LOCATION
COSMOP LEX
K A L A W A D
MTV
VVP COLLEG E
R O A D
BALAJI WAFERS
PETROL PUMP
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PLANT LAYOUT
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The machine installed in the unit utilizes all the raw material and process them to produce the final product but when they are not well maintained they directly affect the quality of the product. There is systematic repairs and maintenance of the plant of the unit, as all the production work is done by it,. Company has hired some technicians to look after the plant and various vital component of the same.
RAW MATERIAL
Raw material is the most basic requirement for producing any products. The selection of raw material should be proper. The quality of raw material should be perfectly checked because the quality of raw materials directly affects the quality of final product depends on the type and quality of raw materials used. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. produces various products like wafers and namkeens. It is very important for the company to use appropriate raw materials. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Uses following material for the production of various products. They are:1. Potato
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2. Different dals 3. Peanuts 4. Banana 5. Chilly powder 6. Sugar 7. Salt 8. Edible oil 9. Tomato 10.Other spices The raw materials are supplied to BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.., by following suppliers:-
LA CAST METAL COMPANY LTD. KVR BMC AUTO LTD. KVR BNC PISTONS LTD.
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PRODUCTION PROCESS
The operations function essentially is a transformation process that accepts the inputs, and gives the outputs after adding value to the inputs. The transformation process is expected to generate an output. The transformation process is expected to generate an output described by market and this it should do in the most efficient way. Production process has to adopt itself to number of changing factors like capacity, lead-time, flexible trade-offs between material, labour and capital, trade-offs between volume and variety, etc. we cannot have the best process, it could only be the most acceptable process, given the different trade-offs. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD., production process is a well planned process. In contains all that important stages, which is required to make a product well, accepted in the market. The well planned production process of BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. is as follows: The first of production process begins on receiving the order from the dealer. Potatoes are placed on electric channel and washed properly. After washing, they are brought for pilling purpose to the peeling machine. Once they are washed and finely peeled they are passed through a belt where labours remove off the spoiled potatoes. After washing and peeling, they sent for cutting. There are different shapes in cutting machine; these shapes are arranged according to the need. After washing, they are again sent for washing and after that for frying purpose. Once frying gets over again inspection is done to remove the broken pieces of wafers.
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Once this process ends chips are placed in Spicer drum and necessary spices are added to it. And than at last they are packed and dispatched.
WASHING
PEELING
INSPECTION
CUTTING
WASHING
FRYING
INSPECTION
ADDING SPICES
DISPATCH
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QUALITY CONTROL
In industrial context quality is defined in much more functional fashion thus we can say that quality means, Fitness for use whether for a product or service. It is also considered as the sum total of the attributes or properties that describe the product. Today the existence of any manufacturing unit depends on the quality of product or services it manufactures or supplies. The image or goodwill of any unit is closely related to the quality of product made or supplied by that unit; Level of quality is the mirror for the manufacturer. Quality is very important for a manufacturer of product or services because very existence of manufacturer depends on the quality level. In this unit, there is a systematic quality control process. Company has purchased certain very costly equipment for this purpose. Where they check the raw material and finished goods both. Of course, for this purpose experts personnel are recruited to do the testing work.
MATERIAL HANDLING
According to American material handling society, material handling is the art and science of the movement, packing and the storage of substance in any form
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It should be noted that material handling is the distinct activity falling within the jurisdiction of production dept. It is not the part of production control but it is closely associated with the function of the production control. It is largely concerned with routine function of the production activity and to some extent the scheduling of the production dept. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. There is a systematic process of handling different kinds of materials. Buckets are also used to handle the material. Buckets are like an open container which has wheels. The materials produced are put in to it and it can be pulled from one place to another. The company also uses manual ways to handle the materials. The materials which are light in weight and which has very possibility of damage are transported manually.
STORES MANAGEMENT
The efficiency of the mfg. operation depends largely on the efficient functioning of the receiving and stores operations. Receiving and storing are the services, functions and involve much of the proper work. The direct production cost is reduced by strategically location of the stores ensuring quick issue and elimination of production stoppages caused by waiting for materials. It indirectly reduces the production costs in terms of reduced investments in materials, storage
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space and insurance, elimination of the pilferages and theft, obsolescence, reduced handling cost, etc BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD.. Have building for storing their raw materials so they store raw materials in the building meant for the storage of the raw materials. Company hardly stores its material for more than 2 days. They generally anticipate the demand for production and accordingly they order.
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ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
A success of an industrial unit lies in its production of its products without pollution the surroundings. An industrial unit for its functioning depends a lot on the environment. Without properly no matter however efficient the unit may be.
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If the pollution is inevitable then the industrial unit should find out some method to neutralize the effect of pollution. It should implement ways which would cut down the pollution emitted by the unit and help to keep the environment clean and pollution free. BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. Has also taken steps in order to control in the surrounding of their factory shop. These steps are given below: All furnaces are equipped with recuperators to limit emission of carbon particle produced due to burning of oil and hence to keep environment clean. The boundaries of the factory are planted with 100 to 150 trees which help a lot in neutralizing the pollution in the environment. The company has also received NOC from Gujarat Pollution Board.
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INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Inventory is defined as a usable resource which is physical tangible such as materials. In this sense, our stock is our inventory but even then the term inventory is more comprehensive. Though inventory is usable resource it is also an idle resource unless it is managed effectively and efficiently. Inventory control refers to the process whereby the investment in materials and parts carried in stock is regulated within predetermined limits set in accordance with the inventory policy established by management. Inventories constituent the largest component of current assets in many organization. Poor management of inventories therefore may result in business failures. In case of a manufacturing organization, the inability could bring production process to a halt. Conversely, if a firm carries cost may represent the difference between profit and loss. Efficient inventory control therefore can significantly contribute to all overall profit position of the organization. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. has a systematic inventory control. For inventory, BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. uses First In First Out (FIFO) method. They dispatch they finish products as soon as they are produced. Company does not hold inventory for more than 2 days including raw material and finish products.
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INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
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The forge piece which is left at the end of forge process can be reused or can be sold as scrap. Forge piece which are rejected, which are found at the end process can be reused are called end piece. These pieces are not fully scrap they can be reused in the production again. So these pieces are separated from the scrap[ and are again sent to the production dept. But some pieces which are known as flash are of no use in production. This is the unused part of the product which is separated when the product is giving finishing touch. As these pieces used in the production they are sold as scrap.
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
CONTENTS
SR.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 PARTICULARS INTRODUCTION ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE NO. OF. EMPLOYEES RECRUITMENT & SELECTION INDUCTION AND PLACEMENT CHRIST COLLEGE, RAJKOT 32 PAGE NO.
BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD, 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROMOTION & TRANSFER POLICY PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL WAGE & SALARY ADMINISTRATION TRADE UNION PERSONNEL RECORDS EMPLOYEE BENEFIT COLLECTIVE BARGAINING TIME KEEPING SYSTEM JOB ANALYSIS INDUSTRIAL RELATION GRIEVANCE HANDLING WORKING CONDITION
INTRODUCTION
If we look at the world management it can be divided into MANAGE-MEN-T. If the word tactfully substituted for T then the word management would read MANAGE-MEN TACTFULLY. Thus the word itself suggest the most important aspect of management, namely, of managing men and human beings in a particular manner , namely , tactfully,. Although in one sense every one in an organization is concerned with the personnel function, in case of larger organization a special dept. is segregated to help the line management to secure the optimum use of personnel dept. performing an advisory or a staff function. The personnel department helps management in securing, using, and development appropriate, manpower to achieve the organizational objective.
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The objective of personnel management can therefore be briefly described as follows/:\ 1. To attract and secure appropriate people capable performing effectively the organizations specified tasks. 2. To utilize the human resource effectively. 3. To generate maximum individual development of the people within the organization.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Organization is group of people working together co operating under authority towards achieving benefits for the participants and organization itself. Every organization has its goals and objectives. In balaji wafers there does not exist any separate personnel department for achievement of goals. This entire task is handled by general manager and managing director itself. Any kind of complaints or grievances are directly solved by them.
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NO OF EMPLOYEES
However, the big the organization may be but its employees are its real strength. Employees are one of the important resources of any organisation. The no. of employees matters a lot in the performance of the organisation. The number of employees should be proportionate to the size of the organisation. Any increase or decrease in the number of employees would cause a problem in the fu8ctioning of the organisation. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. The number of the employees is as follows:
DETAILS NO. OF EMPLOYEES
24 29 6 15
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Total
74
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Selection of managerial is done on the basis of job analysis and for operating staff skills are taken into consideration.
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PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Appraisal is the evaluation of worth, quality or merit. In this organisation context performance is a systematic evaluation of personnel by supervisors or other familiar with their performance. Performance appraisal is also described as merit rating in which one individual is ranked better or worse in comparison to other. The basic purpose in
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their merit rating is to ascertain an employees eligibility for performance training and development., salary increase, transfer, discharge etc. The objectives of performance appraisals are as follows: To identify areas for further training needs. To help determining promotion and transfer. To reduce grievances. To improve job performance.
BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Concentrates on giving performance appraisals to its employees. It gives appraisal to the employees on the basis of performance. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Gives 10% increment in the salary to its staff members.
3. Fixed rate system. Salaries are always paid at the end of a particular period. Mostly salaries are paid at the end of one month. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. The wages and salary administration is done in the following manner. Laborers are given monthly wages of about average Rs.2600 per month. All the staff members are paid on monthly basis. The company also gives salary increment of 10% approximately every year on the basis of performance.
TRADE UNION
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Bonus:
Employees are given average 10 to 15% bonus regularly at the end of the year as per their performance. Medical facilities: Company provides re imbursement of medical expenses incurred and includes hospitalization, nursing homes and surgical charges for employee as well as his family. Canteen facilities; They offer meal worker at a reasonable rate.
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
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Collective bargaining means a procedure under which two parties, namely, workers and management, reach an agreement about wage rates and basic conditions of employment and on some other important issues of an organizations,.
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In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. The is perfect balance between working hours and shifts. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. The working days are divided into 2 shifts 4 hours each. OFFICE: 8:00 A.M. TO 12:00 P.M. 1;00 P.M. TO 5:00 P.M. WORKERS; 8:00 A.M. TO 12:00 P.M. 2:00 P.M. TO 5:00 P.M. When there is full demand in the market for wafer then working shifts are changed accordingly.
JOB ANALYSIS
Job analysis is a detailed and systematic study of jobs to know the nature and characteristics of people to be employed for each job. The requirements of a job are known as job description and qualities demanded from the hob holder are termed as hob specification.
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INDUSTRIAL RELATION
Expression industrial relations are used to express the nature of relationships between the employer and employee in an industry or an organisation. Where willing co operation emanates from employees towards the achievement of organizational goals. There is said to be industrial relation and there are condition which can generate good industrial relations. A correct perspective the industrial relations position is possible on an appreciation of the stages of development through which a country has passed over a period of time to the present moment. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.... The management and employees maintain a good industrial relation. They both understand each other and there is no incident of any such dissatisfaction or strike.
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WORKING CONDITION
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
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CONTENTS
SR NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE PRODUCT PLANNING PRODUCT LIFE STYLE PRODUCT MIX BRANDING, PACKAGING & LABELING MARKETING RESEARCH SEGEMENTATION PRICING POLICY & STRATEGY PROMOTION MIX DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL COMPETITOR EXPORTS
INTRODUCTUION
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Marketing management represents an important functional area of business management efforts for the flow of goods and services from the producers to the consumer. It looks after the marketing system of the enterprise. Marketing management has to implement marketing strategies, programmes and campaigns. It must evaluate the effectiveness of each part of marketing mix and introduce necessary modifications to remove discrepancies in the actual execution of plans, policies, strategies, procedures and programmes. Marketing management has to plan and develop the product on the basis of known consumer demand. It has to build up appropriate marketing plan or marketing-mix to fulfill the et-goals of the business. It has to formulate sound marketing policies and programmes. It looks after their implementation and control. In essence, marketer is a manager of customer demand in a changing business world.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Organization structure is frame work of firms employees which shows position of each employee in a department.
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In this company there is no marketing department as such but concerned activity of buying and selling is done by respective officer only i.e. purchase and sales officer.
Sales officer look out for sales and export together while purchases officer deals only in purchases.
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PRODUCT PLANNING
A product planning is a company plan for marketing its products. Product planning means planning for the product that is to decide what type of products to be produced or what need or requirements the product should satisfy. In balaji wafers product planning is done very carefully. They first contact dealers and ask for the demand of product in the market & new demand of customers then they prepare few samples and give to dealers. As per the suggestion and taste of customers, they manufacture the new product.
PRODUCT LIFECYCLE The product life cycle concept derives from the fact that a
products sales volume and sales revenue follow a typical pattern of 5 phase cycle. 1. 2. 3. 4. Introduction Growth Maturity Saturation
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5. Decline and obsolescence In BALAJI WAFERS, its product also has its lifecycle. They introduced their products then it grew very fast and reached maturity where they started earning profits when the product reaches the saturation stage it introduces some new feature in product so it doesnt reach decline and obsolescence stage.
PRODUCT MIX
1. POTATO MASALA WAFERS 2. POTATO SALTED WAFERS 3. TOMATO MASTI 4. CHAT CHASKA 5. BANANA MARI WAFERS 6. BANANA MASALA WAFERS 7. FARALI CHEVDO 8. CHANA DAL 9. MUNG DAL 10. MASALA PEAS 11. SHING BHUJIA 12. RATLAMI SEV 13. ALOO SEV 14. TIKHA MITHA MIX 15. KHATTA MITHA MIX 16. MASALA SHING
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MARKET RESEARCH
Market research under customer-oriented marketing philosophy can offer current, adequate and accurate information about potential buyers and all other aspects of market environment such as dealers needs and preferences, consumer expectation competition, marketing conditions, etc. it is through marketing research that an enterprise plans the appropriate marketing strategies and implements the marketing concept, and takes a scientific approach to marketing management. Marketing research is field of experts, requiring special training. There are the burning problems in front of marketing executive marketing research helps in gathering the useful information in this regard. Marketing research is very useful to the organization because based on facts, decision can be taken promptly. At BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. produces and deals with domestic good there is no large scope for market research. The company carries with it a wide range of customers. The company does its market research by asking the customers if any change in the quality of product is required or any new products are required by the customers.
MARKETING SEGMENTATION
Market segmentation is method for achieving for achieving maximum market response from limited marketing resources by recognizing differences in the response characteristics of various parts of the market. In a sense, market segmentation is the strategy of divide and conquer i.e. dividing market in order to conquer them.
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Thus, in order to facilitate the marketing of is product the marketing manager, sub divides a market into homogenous sub set of customers having common in one set so that customers may be served better with district marketing mix. Such selection of sub sets as homogenous group is called market segmentation. This company has done segmentation of market very systematically. A. PRODUCT WISE: This firms producers domestic products like deep well and diesel engines which depends on demand of people. B. GEOGRAPHICAL: Geographical segmentation calls for dividing market in state region, country etc. here division is done as: 1. Saurashtra i.e. Local market. 2. National market. 3. International market. In balaji wafers market segmentation is done on the basis of geographical and product basis.
PRICING POLICY
Pricing decisions have strategic importance enterprise. Pricing governs the very flexibility of any marketing programmes because its the only element in a marketing mix accounting for demand and sales revenue. Other element in a marketing mix accounting for demand and sales revenue. Other elements cost factors. Price is the only
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variable factor determining into prominence in many pricing decisions. We now come to the most absorbing question of pricing. In BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. There proper process in deciding the price of any product. Before deciding the price of any product the company has to consider many factors. The company has to see various factors like raw material rates, cost of the die prepared to produce the product, number of components involved in the product, etc.. After considering all these factors the company decides a competitive price, which will help them to compete with the competitors.
PROMOTION MIX
Promotion is the process of marketing communication to inform, persuade, remind and influence consumers or users in favour of your product or service. Promotion is a form of communication with a additional element of persuasion to accept ideas, products and services and hence persuasion communication becomes the heart of promotion. In essence, promotion is the spark plug of our marketing mix and an important marketing strategy. People must know that right product at the right price is available at the right time. It is said in a competitive market without promotion nothing can be sold.
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In BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.; undertakes promotional activities not on very large scale basis. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.; also does its promotion through their website, product catalogue, gift, price discounts, etc.
CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION
Channel of distribution can be defined as The marketing process in which the good and services are transferred from producers to consumers. Distribution means to distribute, or spread in the field of marketing. Channel of distribution indicates roots or pathways through which goods or services flows from producers to consumers. The entire function of getting foods into the hands of the customers is often referred to as distribution. The middle man engaged in moving goods from the place of production to the place of consumption goods are moved to the desired place through the channel. In other words, the root by which goods move from the place of consumption is termed as channel of distribution. Channel of distribution of BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. are as follows:BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.. `
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COMPETITORS
Today world is full of competitions. It is very difficult to survive in this competitive world. To survive in this competitive world, the company should try to satisfy the needs of the consumers by providing Good and services at reasonable cost. The company cant compromise with its quality of goods. As there is competition in the market it is very important for the company to satisfy its consumer to the fullest and to live up to their expectations. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD; also has many competitions in the market. Competitors of BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.,. Are as follows: RUFFLES LAYS EVEREST WAFERS ATOP WAFERS SAMRAT NAMKEEN SHAKTI WAFERS
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tank who continuously update strategy in the right direction. Think win - win & stay ahead with them.
EXPORTS
International trade consists of two part i.e. import trade and export trade. In export trade goods are sold from the producers country to any other country. International market hold when reputation and quality of company is good and main affection factor is price. In this company they do not have exports.
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FINANCE DEPARTMENT
CONTENTS
SR NO.
PARTICULARS
PAGE NO.
1 2 3 4 5
INTRODUCTION ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE FINANCIAL PLANNING SOURCES OF FINANCES CAPITAL STRUCTURE & CAPITALISATION CAPITAL BUDGETING WORKING C APITAL MANAGEMENT RATIO ANALYSIS LEVERAGE
6 7
8 9
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INTRODUCTION
Finance holds the key of all activities the path of success is greased with money. Money is an arm or a leg; you either use it or loose it Financing is the process of organising the flow of funds so that a business can carry out its objectives in the most efficient manner and meet its obligations in the most efficient manner and meet its obligations as they fall due. Finance guides and regulates investments decision and expenditure. To get the best out of the available funds is the major task of finance manager. Finance is the common denominator of the vast range of corporate objectives and the major part of any corporate plan must be expressed in the financial terms. Finance management today is recognised as the most important branch of business administration. Finance management provides the best guide for the future resources allocation by a firm.
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ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
FINANCE MANAGER
CHIEF ACCOUNTANT
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FINANCIAL PLANNING
One of the most important functions of finance manager is that of planning. Financial planning is essentially concerned with judicious procurement and profitable use of funds a use which is determined by realistic inventories decisions. Financial planning helps management to avoid waste by providing policies and procedures which make possible a closer co ordination between various functions of the business enterprise. Financial planning is responsibility of top level management. Finance guides and regulates investments decision and expenditure. To et the best out of the available funds is the major task of finance manager. Finance is common denominator for the vast range of corporate objectives and major part of any corporate plan must be expressed in the financial terms. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Does a systematic financial planning. 25% to 50% of finance is provided the company first decides the project and then the finance is procured from banks. To avoid wastage of finance the company first decides the project and then the finance is procured. For the short term capital the company depends on cash credit, bills of exchange, promoters and debtors. Debtors are also given each discount for early payment which encourages them for early payment and the requirement of short term capital of the company is met.
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SOURCES OF FINANCES
A financial plan has to be prepared for the purpose estimating short term and long term needs of finance to company. Capitalisation is the sum total of all kinds of long term securities as well as surplus which are not mean for distribution. The amount of capital at any time should not exceed not should be less than the amount required in both the situation company will be the loser. Capitalisation means the total amount of a company capital of total volume of its capital stock. In other words, we can say that the capitalisation means the total borrowed capital and ownership capital of the firm. If the resource funds and retained profit increases with growth of company it means capitalisation of the company is increasing. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. sees to it that it collects optimum capital. Its share capital of Rs. 42,38,000. And also has borrowed capital of secured loans of Rs. 4,21,22,828.
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CAPITAL STRUCTURE
Capital structure is sometime known as the financial plan. Its the permanent financing of the firm represented by long term share capital by equity share and preference shares. In capital structure the proportion of the capital is to decide with regard to use of debt and equity. The requisition of proportion arises because if company issues only ownership capital then it cant satisfy the main objective i.e. to maximize the shareholders return and if the company issues more borrowed capital then it has to pay compulsory interest and thus it reduces shareholders capital. Thus the mixture of debt and equity is called capital structure. `BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. has its capital structure as under: OWNERSHIP CAPITAL:Equity shares: - Rs. 42,38,000 Reserves and surplus:- Rs. 1 96 87 350 BORROWED CAPITAL:Secured capital:- Rs. 82 59 494 Unsecured capital:- Rs. 1 41 75 984
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CAPITAL BUDGETING
Fixed capital is along term investments i.e. for more than 1 year or the years as till the company exists, some fixed assets are not expected be sold in the market by the firm. Fixed capital has fixed cast because it is long term investment. It must be managed properly and efficiently other wise; it may prove dangerous for survival of the firm. Thus, for the acquisition of the fixed capital proper care should be taken. They must be utilized and managed with efficiency so that the firm can get benefits from it. For BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. the main sources of fixed capital are equity share. To maintain appropriate fixed capital the company follows various measures. The company maintains the liquidity. Excess loans take from the bank is repaid. Fixed capital is mainly required for the fixed assets like machineries, land and building and other assets. Following are the cost of foxed assts of BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. Assets: PARTICULARS GROSS BLOCK LESS: DEPR: NET BLOCK Rs. 33 86 085 YEAR 2006 5 58 14 394 1 54 77 755 4 03 36 638
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RECEIVABLES MANAGEMENTS
Receivable are assets which created as a result of the sale of good & services in the ordinary course of business. These are known asaccount receivables, trade receivable or customer receivables. A firm, therefore, carries receivable for is customers for some period, which depends upon the requirement of customers at one end and the credit sanctioning capacity of the firm at the other. An analytical framework has been developed to provide insight into the process of the creation the main determinants of account receivable. The framework should be useful for decision making purposes and managerial functions in the areas of accounts,. For BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. The main source of he receivables are bill receivable and debtors. The debtors are informed one day before the due date about their payment. If any debtor pays the amount before the due date then he is given discount on payment which encourages the customer to make early payments.
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CASH MANAGEMENT
The basic mechanism involving conversion of funds into saleable products and back into liquid form which is very important in the business. Cash in its ultimate state yield no return and as such is barren. Cash is the beginning as well the end of the operating cycle of manufacturing concern. It the basic input need to keep the business running on continuing basis and is also the ultimate out put expected to be realized by selling the product. The cash balanced of company is a safety valve or shock absorber. Protecting the company against short run fluctuations in fund requirements. BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. maintains cash in an appropriate manner. The company always monitors the bank account regularly and funds are kept in banks. This helps he company to keep appropriate amount of cash with them.
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RATIO ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis is an expression of quantitative relationship between two numbers. Five types of ratio analysis are given below; a. current ratio b. liquid ratio c. debt equity ratio d. total assets ratio e. net profit ratio current ratio: current assets / current liabilities = 21552423 / 11563647 = 1.86 Liquid ratio: Liquid assets/ liquid liabilities = 1949762/9197358 = 0.21 Debt equity ratio; Equity capital/borrowed capital = 43122828/4238000 = 10.16 Total assets ratio: Sales/total assets = 235800000/48564907 = 4.86 Net profit ratio: Net profits/sales * 100 = 12200000/235800000*100 =5%
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LEVERAGE
The employment o an asset or source of funds for which the firm has to pay a fixed cost or fixed return may be termed as leverage. The earnings available to the shareholders as also the risk are affected. If earnings less the variable costs exceeds the fixed cost or earnings before interest and taxes exceed the fixed return requirement, the leverage is called favourable which they do not, the result is unfavourableleverage. 2. FINANCIAL LEVERAGE: It may be defined as the firms ability to use fixed operating cost to magnify the effects of changes in sales in earnings before interest and taxes. 2. OPERATIONAL LEVERAGE: It is defined as the ability of the firm to use fixed financial changes in EBIT on the firms earning per share.
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SWOT ANALYSIS
SWOT analysis means analysis of OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS. STRENGTH, WEAKNESS,
It is important for every company to analyse their SWOT. Because this gives a complete picture of he performance of the company. The company comes to know where its has room for improvement in which area it has its mastery, what are the opportunities which it has to grab and what are the threats that it has to face in near future. BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. Has done its SWOT analysis as follows:STRENGTHS: 1. strength of BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. is good quality products, regular and on time supply of goods and customer satisfaction at competitive prices. 2. Excellent management for raw material and dispersion. 3. Large market share. 4. huge amt of capital 5. proper pricing WEAKNESS: 1. This unit does not have any major weakness. Some of minor weaknesses are lack of internal co ordination and employees turnover rate is more. OPPORTUNITIES:1. Expansion in inaccessible areas 2. growing market in area around the globe. THREATS:1. Increasing global competition. 2. loss of market share.
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FUTURE PLANS
Future plans of BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. Are as follows 1. 2. 3. 4. To get more and cheaper production. To launch new products. To discover new markets. To establish a new plant in Gujarat region so as to reduce the burden on rajkot unit. 5. To increase market share and stand against stiff market competition.
SUGGESTIONS
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Today is the era of hyper competition and cyber competition, now a day domestic companies face many threats due to arrival of MNCs in India. But balaji pvt. Ltd. Is a company which is capable enough to sustain and maintain the same growth rate in the market this is possible only thought proper integration of management strategy and intellectual plans and balaji is having peculiar KATHIYAWADI STRATEGY for its products After completing my project on BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD.I want to give following suggestion to the company. 1. The production capacity should be utilized maximum extent. 2. Company should try to go for exports. 3. They should try to increase the advertisement to create awareness of the companys product 4. Company should try and expand the market to national level also.
CONCLUSIONS
India is developing country and it had adopted free economy. So it has an opportunity for very domestic company to
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upgrade its technology and other process in order stand in modern market. BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. was not started on very large basis but due to the best efforts of the executive and director it has earned good reputation in the sector. It earns valuable foreign exchange for India through its exports and has maintained good relation with outsiders and employees. It has a very efficient group of employees and I wish BALAJI WAFERS PVT LTD. A very good luck for the future.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
To complete the project on BALAJI WAFERS PVT. LTD. I have referred the following books;
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1. PRODUCTION & OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT: - CHUNAWALA - PATEL 2. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT - R.S. DAVAR 3. MARKETTING MANAGEMENT -S.A.SHARELAKER 4. FINANCE MANAGEMENT - KHAN & JAIN
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