FIRE TRAINING

FIRE TRAINING

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WHAT IS FIRE?

IT IS A CHEMICAL REACTION CAUSED BY THE INTERACTION OF THREE COMPONENTS THESE ARE

OXYGEN

HEAT AND FUEL

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FUEL

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THESE THREE THINGS MUST BE PRESENT FOR FIRE TO OCCUR THEREFORE IT IS REASONABLE TO ASSUME THAT IF ANY ONE IS REMOVED, FIRE CANNOT HAPPEN.

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REMOVING THE HEAT

BY COOLING

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REMOVING THE OXYGEN

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REMOVING THE FUEL

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BEFORE WE APPLY THE REMOVAL PROCESS
WE NEED TO KNOW WHAT WE ARE DEALING WITH
WHAT TYPE OF FIRE WE HAVE

WHAT IS BURNING
THEN WE APPLY THE RIGHT MEDIUM

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FIRE IS DEFINED IN 4 CATEGORIES OR CLASSES

THESE ARE CLASSES A, B, C AND D

THERE ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUROPEAN AND USA DEFINITIONS. THIS IS AN IMPORTANT THING TO REMEMBER SINCE BOTH A APPLIES EUROPEAN CLASSES BUT THERE IS AN AMERICAN INFLUENCE.

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LET US LOOK AT THE CLASSES. CLASS A IS FOR CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS. THIS IS SIMPLY MATERIALS MADE FROM PAPER, WOOD, TEXTILES, HUMAN FLESH IS CLASS A

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CLASS B IS LIQUIDS

LIQUIDS CAN BE DIVERSIVE. E.g. PETROL, DIESEL ARE HYDROCARBONS. ACETONE IS POLAR SOLVENT ALCOHOLS ARE RESISITANT TO MOST FOAM.
NAIL POLISH REMOVER

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CLASS C IS FOR GASES. (USA is ELECTRICAL) GASES INCLUDE METHANE, HYDROGEN SULPHIDE, HYDROGEN, ACETYLENE GASES REQUIRE VERY CAREFUL HANDLING. MANY OF THEM ARE EXPLOSIVE! MANY OF THEM ARE TOXIC AS WELL

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CLASS D IS FOR METALS AND METALLIC POWDERS. THESE ARE CHEMICALS WHICH REACT TO CONVENTIONAL FIRE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUMS. THESE INCLUDE POTASSIUM, SODIUM, MAGNESIUM ETC. METALS REQUIRE SPECIAL TREATMENT AND WE MUST NOT ATTEMPT TO FIGHT A METAL FIRE WITHOUT EXPERT ADVICE.

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WE MUST MENTION ELECTRICITY SINCE THE USA CLASSES IT. WHY DO WE NOT CLASS ELECTRICITY? IT IS THE BIGGEST CAUSE OF FIRE IN THE U.K. IT IS HIGHLY DANGEROUS. BUT IT DOES NOT BURN!!!!

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ONCE FIRE STARTS IT IMMEDIATELY STARTS TO SPREAD.

HOW DOES FIRE SPREAD?

CONDUCTION

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CONVECTION

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RADIATION

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NOW THAT WE KNOW WHAT FIRE IS AND THE TYPES, WE CAN NOW LOOK AT WHAT WE CAN DO ABOUT IT. THAT MEANS EXTINGUISH IT!

REMEMBER THE THREE ELEMENTS?

LETS LOOK AT THEM AGAIN

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REMOVE THE HEAT BY COOLING

REMOVE THE OXYGEN BY SMOTHERING

REMOVE THE FUEL BY SHUTTING OFF

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COOLING CAN BE BY WATER FOAM CO2
CO2 B

HALON

C
F

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SMOTHERING CAN BE BY FOAM

POWDER
SAND

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REMOVING THE FUEL CAN ONLY BE DONE BY CLOSING OFF THE SUPPLY.

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EXTINGUISHING AGENTS WATER DRY POWDER CO2 FOAM HALON HALON REPLACEMENT

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NOW THAT WE KNOW THE CLASSES OF FIRE AND THE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS AVAILABLE, WE CAN NOW RELATE THE EXTINGUISHING AGENT TO THE TYPE OF FIRE.

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IF WE HAVE A CLASS A FIRE, WHAT CAN WE USE?

WATER FOAM CO2 POWDER HALON

YES YES BUT NO YES BUT YES

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WHAT ABOUT CLASS B?

WATER FOAM CO2 POWDER HALON

NO YES YES BUT YES YES

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WHAT ABOUT CLASS C?

WATER FOAM CO2 POWDER HALON

NO NO YES YES YES

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WHAT ABOUT FIGHTING A FIRE? ANYONE CAN DO IT

IF
YOU KNOW WHAT TO USE
YOU KNOW WHERE IT IS YOU KNOW HOW TO USE IT

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BUT MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL IS CAN YOU ESCAPE IF THINGS GO WRONG?

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BEFORE YOU ATTEMPT TO FIGHT ANY FIRE YOU MUST ASK YOUR SELF SOME QUESTIONS. THESE ARE CAN I ESCAPE NOW ? DO I KNOW WHAT TYPE OF FIRE IT IS? DO I KNOW WHERE THE NEAREST EXTINGUISHER IS? IS IT THE RIGHT TYPE? DO I KNOW HOW TO USE IT? CAN I STILL ESCAPE?