EE246 Microwave Engineering Leeson Autumn 2005

23 Oct. 2005 H. O. #14

Complex Number Calculations, Including with Excel

Complex Calculations Summary r/ = r cos + j r sin r= a2+b2

= tan-1(b/a) (a+jb)+(c+jd) = a+c +j(b+d) (a+jb)(c+jd) = (ac-bd) +j(bc+ad) a+jb (a+jb)(c-jd) ac+bd bc-ad c+jd = c2+d2 = c2+d2 +j c2+d2 But also r / r r1/1(r2/2) = r1r2 /1+2 and r1/1 = r1 /1-2
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Complex Calculations with Excel Microsoft Excel has the capability to do complex calculations1 , but it is necessary to install a set of Add-Ins called Analysis ToolPack. To do this with a spreadsheet open, go to Tools, select Add-Ins, click on the box to the left of Analysis ToolPack, and click OK. This installs a set of functions for complex and engineering calculations. These can be found in the Excel Help index under "Engineering Functions" and include COMPLEX(_,_,"j"), which makes a complex number a+bj from the values in two cells IMABS(_), which calculates the magnitude of a complex number IMARGUMENT(_), which calculates the radian angle of a complex number IMSUM(_,_), which calculates the complex sum of two complex numbers IMSUB(_,_), which calculates the complex difference of two complex numbers IMPRODUCT(_,_), which calculates the complex product of two complex numbers IMDIV(_,_), which calculates the complex quotient of two complex numbers Also useful are DEGREES(_), which converts a radian angle to degrees RADIANS(_), which converts a degree angle to radians (_COS(_)), which calculates the real part of a complex number's magnitude and angle (_SIN(_)), which calculates the imaginary part of a complex number's magnitude and angle IMREAL(_), which calculates the real part of a complex number a+bj IMAGINARY(_), which calculates the imaginary part of a complex number a+bj
1 http://www.maxim-ic.com/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/1947/ln/en

http://www.chem.mtu.edu/~tbco/cm416/freqexcel.html
-1 2001-05 D. B. Leeson

The complex numbers in Excel carry a large number of decimal places, so require a wide column to avoid truncating the number. There are additional functions that can calculate powers and trig functions of complex numbers. You can make additional intermediate calculations within formulas, as in COMPLEX($B$3,1/(2*PI()*$A7*$B$4),"j")

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