Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Japanese Together *from Scratch*
First lesson, second part
There is/There are
There is a pen. ペン is written in
Pen ga arimasu. katakana because it
is a foreign word.
ペンがあります。
いる is used for
There is a cat. things, plants.
Neko ga imasu. ある is used for
human beings,
ねこがいます。
animals.
猫がいます。
Where are things?
In the bakery there are Pay attention! If you type
cakes. panya instead of
pannya you could get
pan'ya ni keeki ga this result: ぱにゃ ,
arimasu. which is incorrect.
パンやにケーキがあり パン comes from French,
ます。 and means not only
bread, but also every
パン屋にケーキがあり other baked product.
ます。 屋 is a suffix for “shop”
Some grammar!!!
に many uses… place marker with iru/aru
が subject marker
Place NI subject GA imasu/arimasu
In the office there is a terrace (in English, the
office has a terrace)
Kaisha ni terasu ga arimasu.
かいしゃにテラスがあります。
会社にテラスがあります。
Something important…
In Japanese there’s no singular or plural
form. There are some ways to make some pronouns plural,
but we will se them in the future.
Pen ga arimasu ペンがあります
This sentence could be translated into
There is a pen / There are some pens
Structure review:
examples
There’s an Italian itariajin ga imasu
イタリアじんがいます。イタリア人がいます。
There are some cats neko ga imasu
ねこがいます。猫がいます。
There’s a dog inu ga imasu
いぬがいます。犬がいます。
There’s an umbrella kasa ga arimasu
かさがあります。傘があります。
In the library there are Japanese books.
toshokan ni nihon no hon ga arimasu.
としょかんににほんのほんがあります。
図書館に日本の本があります。
About courtesy
すみません sumimasen is used
to be noticed (i.e. in restaurants)
to say that you didn’t have to take the
disturb (receiving gifts)
ごめんなさい gomen nasai is used
to apologise
どうも doumo to say thanks (very
casual)
どうぞ douzo to say please (to invite)
When you must leave…
Sayounara さようなら Good bye, when you leave (not used
leaving home or a house)
dewa mata ではまた See you later, polite, often reply to
sayounara
mata raishuu またらいしゅう また来週 See you next week
Mata ashita またあした また明日 See you tomorrow
mata ne/jaa ne またね/じゃあね See you!
itterasshai いってらっしゃい To great someone who is leaving
home
Ittekimasu いってきます Reply to itterasshai
mata ato de またあとで See you later
bai bai バイバイ Bye bye