GIVEN: A person is trying to fill a 10.0 gal bucket by hand with a dipper.

dipper s 1 dipper holds 1 lbm of water 1

water weighs 8.3

m out 0.5 lbm s

lbf at sea level gal

FIND: How long does it take to fill the bucket with water? SOLUTION: The mass rates are given; therefore the conservation of mass in rate form is the proper starting equation to apply to the bucket, dm m in m out dt sys The unknown in this problem is the net gain of water in the bucket,
dm dt
sys

dm dt

1
sys

dipper s

1 lbm dipper

0.5

lbm s

0.5

lbm s

The mass rate can be converted to a volume rate since we know the weight of the water per gallon, ft 32.174 2 dV lbm gal gal s 0.5 0.060241 lbm-ft dt sys s 8.3 lbf s 32.174 2 lbf-s We know that the bucket has a total capacity of 10.0 gal. Therefore, the time to fill the bucket is,
t V dV dt 10 gal
sys

gal 0.060241 s

166 s

REFLECTION: In order to transform the mass rate of change in the bucket to a volume rate, we had to multiply by g/gc.